Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G.The normal index of H in G is defined as the order of K/H_(G),where K is a normal supplement of H in G such that|K|is minimal and H_(G)≤K■G.Let p be a prime which divide...Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G.The normal index of H in G is defined as the order of K/H_(G),where K is a normal supplement of H in G such that|K|is minimal and H_(G)≤K■G.Let p be a prime which divides the order of a group G.In this paper,some characterizations of G being p-solvable or p-supersolvable were obtained by analyzing the normal index of certain subgroups of G.These results can be viewed as local version of recent results in the literature.展开更多
With the transformation and upgrading of industries,along with the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies,higher vocational education in art and design is facing new developmental challenges.As a...With the transformation and upgrading of industries,along with the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies,higher vocational education in art and design is facing new developmental challenges.As an emerging integrative ecosystem,the municipal industry-education consortium offers a strategic pathway to address these challenges by deepening collaboration between education and industry and fostering the coordinated development of both sectors.Grounded in the framework of the municipal industry-education consortium,this study proposes a top-level organizational model for art and design specialty groups characterized by industry-chain-driven development,interdisciplinary integration,and growth-employment orientation.It further explores multiple development pathways,including innovations in consortium council governance,dynamic talent cultivation models,shared curriculum systems,dual-track teaching teams,and multi-tiered practice bases.Collectively,these pathways establish a comprehensive specialty group system in which core specialties drive development,supporting specialties ensure interdependence,and extended specialties foster mutual advancement.The findings provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for advancing the modernization and high-quality transformation of vocational art and design education,contributing to the cultivation of innovative and application-oriented professionals aligned with industrial restructuring and the development of new productive forces.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the set of maximal subgroups with non-trivial core and their corresponding second maximal subgroups.A correlation characterization of the group class J_(pr)is presented by establishing the r...In this paper,we introduce the set of maximal subgroups with non-trivial core and their corresponding second maximal subgroups.A correlation characterization of the group class J_(pr)is presented by establishing the relationship between the core and the second maximal subgroups in these classifications.展开更多
Let P be a Sylow p-subgroup of a group G with the smallest generator number d, where p is a prime. Denote by Md（P） = （P1, P2,..., Pd） a set of maximal subgroups of P such that φ（P） = ∩n^d=1Pn. In this paper, w...Let P be a Sylow p-subgroup of a group G with the smallest generator number d, where p is a prime. Denote by Md（P） = （P1, P2,..., Pd） a set of maximal subgroups of P such that φ（P） = ∩n^d=1Pn. In this paper, we investigate the structure of a finite group G under the assumption that the maximal subgroups in Md（P） are weakly s-permutably embedded in G, some interesting results are obtained which generalize some recent results. Finally, we give some further results in terms of weakly s-permutably embedded subgroups.展开更多
A subgroup H of a group G is called F-z-supplemented in G if there exists a subgroup K of G, such that G = HK and H∩K≤ Z∞F（G）, where Z∞F（G） is the F-hypercenter of G. We obtain some results about the F-z-suppl...A subgroup H of a group G is called F-z-supplemented in G if there exists a subgroup K of G, such that G = HK and H∩K≤ Z∞F（G）, where Z∞F（G） is the F-hypercenter of G. We obtain some results about the F-z-supplemented subgroups and use them to determine the structure of some groups.展开更多
During the initial impoundment period of a canyon-shaped reservoir,the water body fluctuated violently regarding water level,hydrological condition,and thermal stratification.These variations may alter the structure o...During the initial impoundment period of a canyon-shaped reservoir,the water body fluctuated violently regarding water level,hydrological condition,and thermal stratification.These variations may alter the structure of phytoplankton community,resulting in algal blooms and seriously threatening the ecological security of the reservoir.It is of great significance to understand the continuous changes of phytoplankton in the initial impoundment period for the protection of reservoir water quality.Therefore,a two-year in-situ monitoring study was conducted on water quality and phytoplankton in a representative canyonshaped reservoir named Sanhekou and the interannual changes of phytoplankton community and its response to environmental changes during the initial impoundment period were discussed at taxonomic versus functional classification levels.The results showed that the total nitrogen and permanganate index levels were relatively high in the first year due to rapid water storage and heavy rainfall input,and the more stable hydrological conditions in the second year promoted the increase of algae density and the transformation of community,and the proportion of cyanobacteria increased significantly.The succession order of phytoplankton in the first year of the initial impoundment periodwas Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta-Chlorophyta,or J/F/X1-P/MP/W1-A/X1/MP,respectively.And the succession order in the second year was Cyanobacteria/Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta-Chlorophyta,or L_(M)/G/P-P/A/X1-X1/J/G.Water temperature,relativewater column stability,mixing depth,and pHwere crucial factors affecting phytoplankton community succession.This study revealed the interannual succession law and driving factors of phytoplankton in the initial impoundment period and provided an important reference for the operation management and ecological protection of canyon-shaped reservoirs.展开更多
Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs)combine the high power dens-ity of electrical double-layer capacitors with the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries.However,they face practical limitations due to the narrow operati...Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs)combine the high power dens-ity of electrical double-layer capacitors with the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries.However,they face practical limitations due to the narrow operating voltage window of their activated carbon(AC)cathodes.We report a scalable thermal treatment strategy to develop high-voltage-tolerant AC cathodes.Through controlled thermal treatment of commer-cial activated carbon(Raw-AC)under a H_(2)/Ar atmosphere at 400-800℃,the targeted reduction of degradation-prone functional groups can be achieved while preserving the critical pore structure and increasing graph-itic microcrystalline ordering.The AC treated at 400℃(HAC-400)had a significant increase in specific capacity(96.0 vs.75.1 mAh/g at 0.05 A/g)and better rate capability(61.1 vs.36.1 mAh/g at 5 A/g)in half-cell LICs,along with an 83.5%capacity retention over 7400 cycles within an extended voltage range of 2.0-4.2 V in full-cell LICs.Scalability was demonstrated by a 120 g batch production,enabling fabrication of pouch-type LICs with commercial hard carbon anodes that delivered a higher energy density of 28.3 Wh/kg at 1 C,and a peak power density of 12.1 kW/kg compared to devices using raw AC.This simple,industry-compatible approach may be used for producing ad-vanced cathode materials for practical high-performance LICs.展开更多
Acceptor-donor-acceptor(A-D-A)type molecules,of which the novel non-fused azacyclic end-group pyrazoli-nones were modified with chlorine substitution on the phenyl ring,were synthesized.The non-fused azacyclic end-gro...Acceptor-donor-acceptor(A-D-A)type molecules,of which the novel non-fused azacyclic end-group pyrazoli-nones were modified with chlorine substitution on the phenyl ring,were synthesized.The non-fused azacyclic end-group py-razolinones have the advantages of simple synthesis steps,low cost and environmental friendliness,compared to the classical end-group dicyanomethyleneindianone.The properties of the synthesized A-D-A type molecules with non-fused azacyclic end groups were characterized by theoretical calculation,UV-vis absorption,cyclic voltammetry,X-ray diffraction and space charge limited current.It is shown that the strong UV-vis absorptions of the synthesized A-D-A type molecules are located in the wavelength range of 500~700 nm,with a moderate band gap of nearly 1.7 eV.At the same time,the influence of end-group chlorination on the properties of A-D-A type molecules was compared and explored.It is proven that this kind of A-D-A type molecule with non-fused azacyclic end groups has the potential to be applied as interfacial modified layer of the active layer in perovskite solar cell devices.展开更多
The photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production by graphitic carbon nitride is a sustainable and environment-benign alternative approach of conventional anthraquinone autoxidation technology,but it is great...The photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production by graphitic carbon nitride is a sustainable and environment-benign alternative approach of conventional anthraquinone autoxidation technology,but it is great challenges to promote two-electron O_(2)reduction and water oxidation.Herein,we present the well-dispersed graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots decorated with cyano groups(Na-CNQD and K-CNQD)by thermal polymerization of melamine in the presence of metal fluoride.The quantum confinement and edge effect have endowed the photocatalysts with rich active sites,wide light absorption range and the inhibited charge recombination.The cyano moieties function as O_(2)reduction centers to accept the photogenerated electrons and facilitate their rapid transfer to O_(2)molecules.This process enables the selective two-electron reduction of O_(2),leading to the production of H_(2)O_(2).Concurrently,the valence band holes on the heptazine moiety oxidize water into H_(2)O_(2).These synergistic effects promote photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production from O_(2)and H_(2)O without the need for additional photosensitizers,organic scavengers and co-catalysts.In contrast,pristine carbon nitride nanosheets remain inactive under the same conditions.This study offers new strategies for rational design of carbon-based materials for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.展开更多
As a new electrochemical technology,capacitive deionization(CDI)has been increasingly applied in environmental water treatment and seawater desalination.In this study,functional groups modified porous hollow carbon(HC...As a new electrochemical technology,capacitive deionization(CDI)has been increasingly applied in environmental water treatment and seawater desalination.In this study,functional groups modified porous hollow carbon(HC)were synthesized as CDI electrode material for removing Na^(+)and Cl^(−)in salty water.Results showed that the average diameter of HC was approximately 180 nm,and the infrared spectrum showed that its surface was successfully modified with sulfonic and amino groups,respectively.The sulfonic acid functionalized HC(HC-S)showed better electrochemical and desalting performance than the amino-functionalized HC(HC–N),with a maximum Faradic capacity of 287.4 F/g and an adsorptive capacity of 112.97 mg/g for NaCl.Additionally,92.63%capacity retention after 100 adsorption/desorption cycles demonstrates the excellent stability of HC-S.The main findings prove that HC-S is viable as an electrodematerial for desalination by high-performance CDI applications.展开更多
Introducing functional polar groups into polyolefins can significantly improve the material properties,but there are still challenges in achieving this goal,with the core difficulty being that polar groups are prone t...Introducing functional polar groups into polyolefins can significantly improve the material properties,but there are still challenges in achieving this goal,with the core difficulty being that polar groups are prone to interact with metal active species,affecting the efficiency of the copolymerization.With the rapid advancement in catalyst,a variety of copolymerization strategies are developed aimed at producing more versatile polyolefin materials.Although early transition metal catalysts play an indispensable role in the traditional polyolefin industry,their inherent strong oxophilicity becomes a significant constraint in copolymerization involving polar olefins,limiting their application scope.This review summarizes the progress made in recent years in the efficient copolymerization of non-polar olefins with polar comonomers catalyzed by groups 3 and 4 single-site catalysts.We classify the catalysts into four categories,Sc-,Ti-,Zr-,Hf-,based on the type of metal centers,and provide insights into the influence of catalyst structures and the type of comonomers on the copolymerization behavior.The introduction of polar monomers fundamentally improves the comprehensive performance of the products,greatly broadens the application scope of polyolefin materials,and meets the growing market demand for multifunctional and high-performance materials.展开更多
Background Quantitative flow ratio(QFR)based lesion selection for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment has shown clinical benefits in terms of reduced risk for myocardial infarction and repeat revasculariz...Background Quantitative flow ratio(QFR)based lesion selection for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment has shown clinical benefits in terms of reduced risk for myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization.Whether this benefit is consistent across different age groups still needs further investigation.Methods In this prespecified subgroup study of FAVORⅢChina trial,we compared long-term clinical outcomes between QFR-guided and angiography-guided PCI among different age groups among 3825 enrolled subjects.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events(MACEs),a composite of all-cause death,myocardial infarction,and ischemia-driven revascularization.Results Of the 3825 patients,1717(44.9%)were aged≥65 years.At baseline,patients≥65 had higher rates of hypertension,hyperlipidaemia,stroke history(P<0.0001),and peripheral vascular disease(P=0.024)and had higher SYNTAX scores(P=0.0095).Compared with standard angiography guidance,the QFR-guided strategy consistently reduced the 1-year(≥65 years,6.04%vs.9.19%,HR=0.65,95%CI:0.46–0.92;<65 years,5.53%vs.8.43%,HR=0.65,95%CI:0.47–0.91)and 3-year MACE rates in both age groups(≥65 years,11.8%vs.15.2%,HR:0.75,95%CI:0.58–0.98;<65 years,9.5%vs.14.6%,HR=0.63;95%CI:0.49–0.81),without a significant interaction(Pinteraction=0.99).Within the QFR-guided group,the 3-year MACE rate in patients with deferred vessels was numerically greater in patients aged≥65 years than in those aged<65 years(8.3%vs.3.0%,P=0.10).Conclusions Although with higher rate of comorbidities and more complex coronary anatomy,the long-term benefit of the QFR-guided PCI strategy remained consistent in patients≥65 years,compared with those<65 years.展开更多
In the context of national efforts to promote high-quality development of vocational education and deepen industry-education integration,private vocational undergraduate institutions serve as crucial platforms bridgin...In the context of national efforts to promote high-quality development of vocational education and deepen industry-education integration,private vocational undergraduate institutions serve as crucial platforms bridging the cultivation of high-level technical and skilled talents with regional industrial development.The alignment between their distinctive specialty clusters and regional industrial synergy directly impacts talent development quality and regional economic efficiency.This paper analyzes the inherent logic of coordinated development between specialty clusters and regional industries,leveraging the flexible operational mechanisms and direct industry connections of private vocational institutions.It identifies current challenges,including“inaccurate demand alignment,insufficient resource integration,and loose interest coordination,”and proposes four strategic dimensions:establishing collaborative research mechanisms,optimizing cluster layouts,deepening industry-education integration,and improving support systems.These recommendations provide actionable references for advancing high-quality coordinated development between private vocational institutions and regional industries.展开更多
Because the grinding temperature is high when grinding using conventional disordered grinding wheels,the grinding quality improvement is limited when using single abrasive ordered grinding wheels,and the wheel prepara...Because the grinding temperature is high when grinding using conventional disordered grinding wheels,the grinding quality improvement is limited when using single abrasive ordered grinding wheels,and the wheel preparation process is complex and costly when using microstructured grinding wheels,abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels are widely investigated.However,there is a paucity of systematic analyses and comprehensive reviews focused on abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels.Therefore,this paper defines abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels and classifies them,based on their unique characteristics,into groups such as abrasive blocks ordered grinding wheel,fine grain structured grinding wheel,abrasive clusters ordered grinding wheel,and abrasive fibers ordered grinding wheel.We provide an overview of the latest advances in wheel structures,preparation methods,and abrasive selection for various types of abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels.Furthermore,we conduct a comparative analysis of the existing types,significant advantages,and challenges associated with the four types of abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels.Looking ahead,given the potential of abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels in reducing grinding force and temperature,we recommend further exploration of their application in combination with special processing techniques.This could pave the way for the development of machining processes that are more environmentally friendly,energy-efficient,and precise.展开更多
Along the ancient Tea-Horse Road of thousands of miles between Sichuan and Xizang in Southwest China lies a centuries old courtyard.Commonly called the"Jiang Family Compound"or"Yu Xing Tea Store",t...Along the ancient Tea-Horse Road of thousands of miles between Sichuan and Xizang in Southwest China lies a centuries old courtyard.Commonly called the"Jiang Family Compound"or"Yu Xing Tea Store",this architecture situated in the old downtown area of Yingjing County in Ya'an City,Sichuan Province,was once the residence of the local tea merchants-the Jiang family.展开更多
Based on deep realization in relationship between human beings and environment,Yi people gradually formed high level ecological wisdom,which not only protects the environment very well where they are living in,but als...Based on deep realization in relationship between human beings and environment,Yi people gradually formed high level ecological wisdom,which not only protects the environment very well where they are living in,but also maintains their survival and development.Importantly,such traditional ecological wisdom will be very helpful for environmental protection and sustainable development of human beings,especially in the background of modern industrial civilization.展开更多
In this paper,the synchronizable system by groups and the generalized synchronizable system are studied for a coupled system of wave equations.Moreover,situations possessing different groupings are also discussed.
Taking the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in the Sichuan Basin as an example,this study employs atomic force microscopy-based infrared(AFM-IR)spectroscopy to analyze the submicron-scale molecular functional g...Taking the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in the Sichuan Basin as an example,this study employs atomic force microscopy-based infrared(AFM-IR)spectroscopy to analyze the submicron-scale molecular functional groups of different types and occurrences of organic matter.Combined with the quantitative evaluation of pore development via scanning electron microscopy(SEM),the response of organic pore formation and evolution mechanisms to chemical composition and structural evolution of organic matter in overmature marine shale is investigated.The results indicate that the AFM-IR spectra of graptolite periderms and pyrobitumen in shale are dominated by the stretching vibrations of conjugated C=C bonds in aromatic compounds at approximately 1600 cm-1,with weak absorption peaks near 1375,1450 and 1720 cm-1,corresponding to aliphatic chains and carbonyl/carboxyl functional groups.Overall,the AFM-IR structural indices(A and C factors)of organic matter show a strong correlation with visible porosity in shales of equivalent maturity.Lower A and C factor values correlate with enhanced development of organic pores,which is associated with the detachment of more aliphatic chains and oxygen-containing functional groups during thermal evolution.Pyrobitumen-clay mineral composites generally exhibit superior pore development,likely attributable to clay mineral dehydration participating in hydrocarbon generation reactions that promote the removal of more functional groups.Additionally,hydrocarbon generation within organic-clay composites during high-over mature stages may induce volumetric expansion,resulting in microfracturing and hydrocarbon expulsion.The associated higher hydrocarbon expulsion rates promote the formation of larger pores and fracture-shaped pores along the flake-shaped clay minerals.This study highlights that the research of submicron-scale molecular functional groups provides a deeper understanding of organic matter evolution and pores development mechanisms in overmature shales,thereby offering critical theoretical parameters for reservoir evaluation in shale oil and gas exploration.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the umbilical acupuncture’s“Wind-Thunder Interaction Method”in treating schizophrenia(SCH)patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency.Methods:A total of 12...Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the umbilical acupuncture’s“Wind-Thunder Interaction Method”in treating schizophrenia(SCH)patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency.Methods:A total of 120 SCH patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency were selected and evenly divided by ball drawing.The umbilical acupuncture group received the“Wind-Thunder Interaction Method”,while the Western medicine group received pure Western medicine treatment.The outcomes were compared in terms of efficacy and other indicators.Results:The umbilical acupuncture group showed a higher total effective rate,a decrease in disease symptom scores,lower scores on the side effect rating scale,improved cognitive function scores,and excellent laboratory indicators,with p<0.05 between the groups.Conclusion:The“Wind-Thunder Interaction Method”of umbilical acupuncture demonstrated a relatively high effectiveness in treating SCH patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency,alleviating symptoms,reducing side effects,improving cognitive function,and facilitating the recovery of neuro-vascular regulatory peptide groups.展开更多
All parabolic subgroups and Borel subgroups of PΩ（2m ＋ 1, F） over a linearable field F of characteristic 0 are shown to be complete groups, provided m 〉 3.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12071092)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2025A1515012072)+1 种基金the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee(Grant No.2024AH051298)the Scientific Research Foundation of Bozhou University(Grant No.BYKQ202419).
文摘Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G.The normal index of H in G is defined as the order of K/H_(G),where K is a normal supplement of H in G such that|K|is minimal and H_(G)≤K■G.Let p be a prime which divides the order of a group G.In this paper,some characterizations of G being p-solvable or p-supersolvable were obtained by analyzing the normal index of certain subgroups of G.These results can be viewed as local version of recent results in the literature.
基金General Project of the 2023 Annual Scheme for Shenzhen’s Education Science“14th Five-Year”Plan:Construction of Art and Design Specialty Groups in Higher Vocational Education Based on the Municipal Industry-Education Consortium(yb23018)2024 University-Level Teaching Achievement Award Cultivation Project of Shenzhen Polytechnic University:“Innovation and Implementation of a Sustainable Talent Development Model Based on Municipal Industry-Education Collaboration and Art-Technology Integration”。
文摘With the transformation and upgrading of industries,along with the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies,higher vocational education in art and design is facing new developmental challenges.As an emerging integrative ecosystem,the municipal industry-education consortium offers a strategic pathway to address these challenges by deepening collaboration between education and industry and fostering the coordinated development of both sectors.Grounded in the framework of the municipal industry-education consortium,this study proposes a top-level organizational model for art and design specialty groups characterized by industry-chain-driven development,interdisciplinary integration,and growth-employment orientation.It further explores multiple development pathways,including innovations in consortium council governance,dynamic talent cultivation models,shared curriculum systems,dual-track teaching teams,and multi-tiered practice bases.Collectively,these pathways establish a comprehensive specialty group system in which core specialties drive development,supporting specialties ensure interdependence,and extended specialties foster mutual advancement.The findings provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for advancing the modernization and high-quality transformation of vocational art and design education,contributing to the cultivation of innovative and application-oriented professionals aligned with industrial restructuring and the development of new productive forces.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.1237101812201236)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.B240201093/2013)the Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions(Grant No.2022AH051907)。
文摘In this paper,we introduce the set of maximal subgroups with non-trivial core and their corresponding second maximal subgroups.A correlation characterization of the group class J_(pr)is presented by establishing the relationship between the core and the second maximal subgroups in these classifications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.1120108211171353)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2013T60866)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.S201204007267)Outstanding Young Teachers Training Project of Guangdong Province(GrantNo.Yq2013061)
文摘Let P be a Sylow p-subgroup of a group G with the smallest generator number d, where p is a prime. Denote by Md（P） = （P1, P2,..., Pd） a set of maximal subgroups of P such that φ（P） = ∩n^d=1Pn. In this paper, we investigate the structure of a finite group G under the assumption that the maximal subgroups in Md（P） are weakly s-permutably embedded in G, some interesting results are obtained which generalize some recent results. Finally, we give some further results in terms of weakly s-permutably embedded subgroups.
文摘A subgroup H of a group G is called F-z-supplemented in G if there exists a subgroup K of G, such that G = HK and H∩K≤ Z∞F（G）, where Z∞F（G） is the F-hypercenter of G. We obtain some results about the F-z-supplemented subgroups and use them to determine the structure of some groups.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3203602)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52370018)+1 种基金Shaanxi Provincial Youth Innovation Team Project(No.22JP040)Shaanxi Provincial Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team(No.2023-CX-TD-32).
文摘During the initial impoundment period of a canyon-shaped reservoir,the water body fluctuated violently regarding water level,hydrological condition,and thermal stratification.These variations may alter the structure of phytoplankton community,resulting in algal blooms and seriously threatening the ecological security of the reservoir.It is of great significance to understand the continuous changes of phytoplankton in the initial impoundment period for the protection of reservoir water quality.Therefore,a two-year in-situ monitoring study was conducted on water quality and phytoplankton in a representative canyonshaped reservoir named Sanhekou and the interannual changes of phytoplankton community and its response to environmental changes during the initial impoundment period were discussed at taxonomic versus functional classification levels.The results showed that the total nitrogen and permanganate index levels were relatively high in the first year due to rapid water storage and heavy rainfall input,and the more stable hydrological conditions in the second year promoted the increase of algae density and the transformation of community,and the proportion of cyanobacteria increased significantly.The succession order of phytoplankton in the first year of the initial impoundment periodwas Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta-Chlorophyta,or J/F/X1-P/MP/W1-A/X1/MP,respectively.And the succession order in the second year was Cyanobacteria/Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta-Chlorophyta,or L_(M)/G/P-P/A/X1-X1/J/G.Water temperature,relativewater column stability,mixing depth,and pHwere crucial factors affecting phytoplankton community succession.This study revealed the interannual succession law and driving factors of phytoplankton in the initial impoundment period and provided an important reference for the operation management and ecological protection of canyon-shaped reservoirs.
文摘Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs)combine the high power dens-ity of electrical double-layer capacitors with the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries.However,they face practical limitations due to the narrow operating voltage window of their activated carbon(AC)cathodes.We report a scalable thermal treatment strategy to develop high-voltage-tolerant AC cathodes.Through controlled thermal treatment of commer-cial activated carbon(Raw-AC)under a H_(2)/Ar atmosphere at 400-800℃,the targeted reduction of degradation-prone functional groups can be achieved while preserving the critical pore structure and increasing graph-itic microcrystalline ordering.The AC treated at 400℃(HAC-400)had a significant increase in specific capacity(96.0 vs.75.1 mAh/g at 0.05 A/g)and better rate capability(61.1 vs.36.1 mAh/g at 5 A/g)in half-cell LICs,along with an 83.5%capacity retention over 7400 cycles within an extended voltage range of 2.0-4.2 V in full-cell LICs.Scalability was demonstrated by a 120 g batch production,enabling fabrication of pouch-type LICs with commercial hard carbon anodes that delivered a higher energy density of 28.3 Wh/kg at 1 C,and a peak power density of 12.1 kW/kg compared to devices using raw AC.This simple,industry-compatible approach may be used for producing ad-vanced cathode materials for practical high-performance LICs.
文摘Acceptor-donor-acceptor(A-D-A)type molecules,of which the novel non-fused azacyclic end-group pyrazoli-nones were modified with chlorine substitution on the phenyl ring,were synthesized.The non-fused azacyclic end-group py-razolinones have the advantages of simple synthesis steps,low cost and environmental friendliness,compared to the classical end-group dicyanomethyleneindianone.The properties of the synthesized A-D-A type molecules with non-fused azacyclic end groups were characterized by theoretical calculation,UV-vis absorption,cyclic voltammetry,X-ray diffraction and space charge limited current.It is shown that the strong UV-vis absorptions of the synthesized A-D-A type molecules are located in the wavelength range of 500~700 nm,with a moderate band gap of nearly 1.7 eV.At the same time,the influence of end-group chlorination on the properties of A-D-A type molecules was compared and explored.It is proven that this kind of A-D-A type molecule with non-fused azacyclic end groups has the potential to be applied as interfacial modified layer of the active layer in perovskite solar cell devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22361024 and 22471055)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20232ACB203001)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2024202021,B2022202039)S&T Program of Hebei(236Z4308G)。
文摘The photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production by graphitic carbon nitride is a sustainable and environment-benign alternative approach of conventional anthraquinone autoxidation technology,but it is great challenges to promote two-electron O_(2)reduction and water oxidation.Herein,we present the well-dispersed graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots decorated with cyano groups(Na-CNQD and K-CNQD)by thermal polymerization of melamine in the presence of metal fluoride.The quantum confinement and edge effect have endowed the photocatalysts with rich active sites,wide light absorption range and the inhibited charge recombination.The cyano moieties function as O_(2)reduction centers to accept the photogenerated electrons and facilitate their rapid transfer to O_(2)molecules.This process enables the selective two-electron reduction of O_(2),leading to the production of H_(2)O_(2).Concurrently,the valence band holes on the heptazine moiety oxidize water into H_(2)O_(2).These synergistic effects promote photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production from O_(2)and H_(2)O without the need for additional photosensitizers,organic scavengers and co-catalysts.In contrast,pristine carbon nitride nanosheets remain inactive under the same conditions.This study offers new strategies for rational design of carbon-based materials for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.21606191)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020ME024).
文摘As a new electrochemical technology,capacitive deionization(CDI)has been increasingly applied in environmental water treatment and seawater desalination.In this study,functional groups modified porous hollow carbon(HC)were synthesized as CDI electrode material for removing Na^(+)and Cl^(−)in salty water.Results showed that the average diameter of HC was approximately 180 nm,and the infrared spectrum showed that its surface was successfully modified with sulfonic and amino groups,respectively.The sulfonic acid functionalized HC(HC-S)showed better electrochemical and desalting performance than the amino-functionalized HC(HC–N),with a maximum Faradic capacity of 287.4 F/g and an adsorptive capacity of 112.97 mg/g for NaCl.Additionally,92.63%capacity retention after 100 adsorption/desorption cycles demonstrates the excellent stability of HC-S.The main findings prove that HC-S is viable as an electrodematerial for desalination by high-performance CDI applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U23B6011)。
文摘Introducing functional polar groups into polyolefins can significantly improve the material properties,but there are still challenges in achieving this goal,with the core difficulty being that polar groups are prone to interact with metal active species,affecting the efficiency of the copolymerization.With the rapid advancement in catalyst,a variety of copolymerization strategies are developed aimed at producing more versatile polyolefin materials.Although early transition metal catalysts play an indispensable role in the traditional polyolefin industry,their inherent strong oxophilicity becomes a significant constraint in copolymerization involving polar olefins,limiting their application scope.This review summarizes the progress made in recent years in the efficient copolymerization of non-polar olefins with polar comonomers catalyzed by groups 3 and 4 single-site catalysts.We classify the catalysts into four categories,Sc-,Ti-,Zr-,Hf-,based on the type of metal centers,and provide insights into the influence of catalyst structures and the type of comonomers on the copolymerization behavior.The introduction of polar monomers fundamentally improves the comprehensive performance of the products,greatly broadens the application scope of polyolefin materials,and meets the growing market demand for multifunctional and high-performance materials.
文摘Background Quantitative flow ratio(QFR)based lesion selection for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment has shown clinical benefits in terms of reduced risk for myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization.Whether this benefit is consistent across different age groups still needs further investigation.Methods In this prespecified subgroup study of FAVORⅢChina trial,we compared long-term clinical outcomes between QFR-guided and angiography-guided PCI among different age groups among 3825 enrolled subjects.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events(MACEs),a composite of all-cause death,myocardial infarction,and ischemia-driven revascularization.Results Of the 3825 patients,1717(44.9%)were aged≥65 years.At baseline,patients≥65 had higher rates of hypertension,hyperlipidaemia,stroke history(P<0.0001),and peripheral vascular disease(P=0.024)and had higher SYNTAX scores(P=0.0095).Compared with standard angiography guidance,the QFR-guided strategy consistently reduced the 1-year(≥65 years,6.04%vs.9.19%,HR=0.65,95%CI:0.46–0.92;<65 years,5.53%vs.8.43%,HR=0.65,95%CI:0.47–0.91)and 3-year MACE rates in both age groups(≥65 years,11.8%vs.15.2%,HR:0.75,95%CI:0.58–0.98;<65 years,9.5%vs.14.6%,HR=0.63;95%CI:0.49–0.81),without a significant interaction(Pinteraction=0.99).Within the QFR-guided group,the 3-year MACE rate in patients with deferred vessels was numerically greater in patients aged≥65 years than in those aged<65 years(8.3%vs.3.0%,P=0.10).Conclusions Although with higher rate of comorbidities and more complex coronary anatomy,the long-term benefit of the QFR-guided PCI strategy remained consistent in patients≥65 years,compared with those<65 years.
基金China Private Education Association 2025 Annual Planning Topic“Research on the Construction Path of Characteristic Specialty Groups in Private Vocational Undergraduate Colleges——Dynamic Adjustment Mechanism of Specialty at Hainan Science and Technology Vocational University Based on Regional Industrial Demand”(CANQN250302)。
文摘In the context of national efforts to promote high-quality development of vocational education and deepen industry-education integration,private vocational undergraduate institutions serve as crucial platforms bridging the cultivation of high-level technical and skilled talents with regional industrial development.The alignment between their distinctive specialty clusters and regional industrial synergy directly impacts talent development quality and regional economic efficiency.This paper analyzes the inherent logic of coordinated development between specialty clusters and regional industries,leveraging the flexible operational mechanisms and direct industry connections of private vocational institutions.It identifies current challenges,including“inaccurate demand alignment,insufficient resource integration,and loose interest coordination,”and proposes four strategic dimensions:establishing collaborative research mechanisms,optimizing cluster layouts,deepening industry-education integration,and improving support systems.These recommendations provide actionable references for advancing high-quality coordinated development between private vocational institutions and regional industries.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52175401)Hunan Provincial Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project(Grant No.QL20230244)+1 种基金Enterprise Innovation and Development Joint Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20B2032)Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Program(Grant No.2022RC1050).
文摘Because the grinding temperature is high when grinding using conventional disordered grinding wheels,the grinding quality improvement is limited when using single abrasive ordered grinding wheels,and the wheel preparation process is complex and costly when using microstructured grinding wheels,abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels are widely investigated.However,there is a paucity of systematic analyses and comprehensive reviews focused on abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels.Therefore,this paper defines abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels and classifies them,based on their unique characteristics,into groups such as abrasive blocks ordered grinding wheel,fine grain structured grinding wheel,abrasive clusters ordered grinding wheel,and abrasive fibers ordered grinding wheel.We provide an overview of the latest advances in wheel structures,preparation methods,and abrasive selection for various types of abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels.Furthermore,we conduct a comparative analysis of the existing types,significant advantages,and challenges associated with the four types of abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels.Looking ahead,given the potential of abrasive groups ordered grinding wheels in reducing grinding force and temperature,we recommend further exploration of their application in combination with special processing techniques.This could pave the way for the development of machining processes that are more environmentally friendly,energy-efficient,and precise.
文摘Along the ancient Tea-Horse Road of thousands of miles between Sichuan and Xizang in Southwest China lies a centuries old courtyard.Commonly called the"Jiang Family Compound"or"Yu Xing Tea Store",this architecture situated in the old downtown area of Yingjing County in Ya'an City,Sichuan Province,was once the residence of the local tea merchants-the Jiang family.
文摘Based on deep realization in relationship between human beings and environment,Yi people gradually formed high level ecological wisdom,which not only protects the environment very well where they are living in,but also maintains their survival and development.Importantly,such traditional ecological wisdom will be very helpful for environmental protection and sustainable development of human beings,especially in the background of modern industrial civilization.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12301577)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023NSFSC1346).
文摘In this paper,the synchronizable system by groups and the generalized synchronizable system are studied for a coupled system of wave equations.Moreover,situations possessing different groupings are also discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42172148,42172142)。
文摘Taking the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in the Sichuan Basin as an example,this study employs atomic force microscopy-based infrared(AFM-IR)spectroscopy to analyze the submicron-scale molecular functional groups of different types and occurrences of organic matter.Combined with the quantitative evaluation of pore development via scanning electron microscopy(SEM),the response of organic pore formation and evolution mechanisms to chemical composition and structural evolution of organic matter in overmature marine shale is investigated.The results indicate that the AFM-IR spectra of graptolite periderms and pyrobitumen in shale are dominated by the stretching vibrations of conjugated C=C bonds in aromatic compounds at approximately 1600 cm-1,with weak absorption peaks near 1375,1450 and 1720 cm-1,corresponding to aliphatic chains and carbonyl/carboxyl functional groups.Overall,the AFM-IR structural indices(A and C factors)of organic matter show a strong correlation with visible porosity in shales of equivalent maturity.Lower A and C factor values correlate with enhanced development of organic pores,which is associated with the detachment of more aliphatic chains and oxygen-containing functional groups during thermal evolution.Pyrobitumen-clay mineral composites generally exhibit superior pore development,likely attributable to clay mineral dehydration participating in hydrocarbon generation reactions that promote the removal of more functional groups.Additionally,hydrocarbon generation within organic-clay composites during high-over mature stages may induce volumetric expansion,resulting in microfracturing and hydrocarbon expulsion.The associated higher hydrocarbon expulsion rates promote the formation of larger pores and fracture-shaped pores along the flake-shaped clay minerals.This study highlights that the research of submicron-scale molecular functional groups provides a deeper understanding of organic matter evolution and pores development mechanisms in overmature shales,thereby offering critical theoretical parameters for reservoir evaluation in shale oil and gas exploration.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the umbilical acupuncture’s“Wind-Thunder Interaction Method”in treating schizophrenia(SCH)patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency.Methods:A total of 120 SCH patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency were selected and evenly divided by ball drawing.The umbilical acupuncture group received the“Wind-Thunder Interaction Method”,while the Western medicine group received pure Western medicine treatment.The outcomes were compared in terms of efficacy and other indicators.Results:The umbilical acupuncture group showed a higher total effective rate,a decrease in disease symptom scores,lower scores on the side effect rating scale,improved cognitive function scores,and excellent laboratory indicators,with p<0.05 between the groups.Conclusion:The“Wind-Thunder Interaction Method”of umbilical acupuncture demonstrated a relatively high effectiveness in treating SCH patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency,alleviating symptoms,reducing side effects,improving cognitive function,and facilitating the recovery of neuro-vascular regulatory peptide groups.
文摘All parabolic subgroups and Borel subgroups of PΩ（2m ＋ 1, F） over a linearable field F of characteristic 0 are shown to be complete groups, provided m 〉 3.
