In order to prevent smearing the discontinuity, a modified term is added to the third order Upwind Compact Difference scheme to lower the dissipation error. Moreover, the dispersion error is controled to hold back the...In order to prevent smearing the discontinuity, a modified term is added to the third order Upwind Compact Difference scheme to lower the dissipation error. Moreover, the dispersion error is controled to hold back the non physical oscillation by means of the group velocity control. The scheme is used to simulate the interactions of shock density stratified interface and the disturbed interface developing to vortex rollers. Numerical results are satisfactory.展开更多
Aiming at the diversity and nonlinearity of the elevator system control target, an effective group method based on a hybrid algorithm of genetic algorithm and neural network is presented in this paper. The genetic alg...Aiming at the diversity and nonlinearity of the elevator system control target, an effective group method based on a hybrid algorithm of genetic algorithm and neural network is presented in this paper. The genetic algorithm is used to search the weight of the neural network. At the same time, the multi-objective-based evaluation function is adopted, in which there are three main indicators including the passenger waiting time, car passengers number and the number of stops. Different weights are given to meet the actual needs. The optimal values of the evaluation function are obtained, and the optimal dispatch control of the elevator group control system based on neural network is realized. By analyzing the running of the elevator group control system, all the processes and steps are presented. The validity of the hybrid algorithm is verified by the dynamic imitation performance.展开更多
The current multicast model provides no access control mechanism. Any host can send data directly to a multicast address or join a multicast group to become a member, which brings safety problems to multicast. In this...The current multicast model provides no access control mechanism. Any host can send data directly to a multicast address or join a multicast group to become a member, which brings safety problems to multicast. In this paper, we present a new active multicast group access control mechanism that is founded on trust management. This structure can solve the problem that exists in multicast members＇ access control and distributing authorization of traditional IP multicast.展开更多
A new kind of group coordination control problemgroup hybrid coordination control is investigated in this paper.The group hybrid coordination control means that in a whole multi-agent system(MAS)that consists of two s...A new kind of group coordination control problemgroup hybrid coordination control is investigated in this paper.The group hybrid coordination control means that in a whole multi-agent system(MAS)that consists of two subgroups with communications between them,agents in the two subgroups achieve consensus and containment,respectively.For MASs with both time-delays and additive noises,two group control protocols are proposed to solve this problem for the containment-oriented case and consensus-oriented case,respectively.By developing a new analysis idea,some sufficient conditions and necessary conditions related to the communication intensity betw een the two subgroups are obtained for the following two types of group hybrid coordination behavior:1)Agents in one subgroup and in another subgroup achieve weak consensus and containment,respectively;2)Agents in one subgroup and in another subgroup achieve strong consensus and containment,respectively.It is revealed that the decay of the communication impact betw een the two subgroups is necessary for the consensus-oriented case.Finally,the validity of the group control results is verified by several simulation examples.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Group transfer polymerization (GTP) is a method for controlling the structure of acrylic polymers in which reactive chain ends are covalentiy bound to a trimethylsilyl group. In the presence of a catalyst...INTRODUCTION Group transfer polymerization (GTP) is a method for controlling the structure of acrylic polymers in which reactive chain ends are covalentiy bound to a trimethylsilyl group. In the presence of a catalyst, monomer inserts into these chain ends between the silyl group and the last monomer unit. The process is illustrated by equation (1) for methyl methacrylate. GTP is a living polymerization, i. e., there is little or no chain termination and no chain transfer. A significant advantage of GTP is that it展开更多
Objective: to sort out the clinical value of implementing quality control group management mode in emergency department nursing management, so as to provide reference and reference for gradually improving the quality ...Objective: to sort out the clinical value of implementing quality control group management mode in emergency department nursing management, so as to provide reference and reference for gradually improving the quality of emergency nursing. Methods: to sort out the nursing quality assessment results of the nursing staff in the emergency department of our hospital during the period from January 2019 to December 20, 2019, and then compare them with the nursing quality assessment results of the nursing staff after the establishment of the nursing quality control group in 2021, so as to provide reference and reference for the preparation of a scientific, standardized and efficient emergency nursing management plan, so as to continuously improve the nursing level of the undergraduate department. Results: according to the same version of the emergency nursing quality standard, the emergency nursing quality assessment was carried out in 2019 and 2021. It can be found that in 2019, the average of the assessment results was (93.23 ± 2.46) points, and the number of adverse reaction events in the undergraduate department was 10 pieces. In 2021, the average result of roast goose was (97.02 ± 1.49) points, and the number of adverse reaction events occurred in the undergraduate room was 4 pieces. The difference between the two data was prominent and there was a statistical advantage (P < 0.05). Conclusion: in the nursing management of the emergency department, the establishment of the nursing quality control team can play a positive role. It can detect the shortcomings and shortcomings of the nursing period at the first time, and analyze and rectify the root causes, so as to avoid risks, and improve the clinical nursing level and patient satisfaction.展开更多
Objective: to analyze the effect of quality control group management in the nursing of nail breast surgery. Methods: from December 2020 to April 2021, 98 cases of patients undergoing nail breast surgery in our hospita...Objective: to analyze the effect of quality control group management in the nursing of nail breast surgery. Methods: from December 2020 to April 2021, 98 cases of patients undergoing nail breast surgery in our hospital were selected as the observation objects of this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The control group adopted routine nursing, and the observation group adopted routine nursing + quality control management. The occurrence of nursing errors and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: the incidence of adverse events in observation group was 8.16%, which was lower than that in control group (26.52%) (P < 0.05). The satisfaction of the observation group was 93.88%, which was higher than that of the control group (80.43%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the intervention of quality control management on the basis of routine nursing can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse events such as nursery-patient disputes, improve patient satisfaction, and the effect is ideal.展开更多
Objective: to study the specific effect of setting up a professional infection control team in hospital on surgical site infection in obstetrics and gynecology patients. Methods: a total of 300 cases of surgery patien...Objective: to study the specific effect of setting up a professional infection control team in hospital on surgical site infection in obstetrics and gynecology patients. Methods: a total of 300 cases of surgery patients in the department of obstetrics and gynecology admitted to our hospital since 2019 to 2020 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the research group, with 150 cases in each group. A comparative study was conducted on the infection situation and specific control situation of the two groups to analyze the specific effects. Results: the incidence of surgical infection site in the control group was significantly higher, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. The research group was significantly better than the control group in terms of quality management, and the quality management score was higher. The experimental results of the two groups were different. Conclusion: the hospital through the establishment of obstetrics and gynecology hospital professional team, can reduce surgical site infections, obstetrics and gynecology patients to improve the control level of medical staff have very obvious effect, to promote the use of in the hospital, can reduce medical disputes, to alleviate the doctor-patient relationship has very obvious effect.展开更多
In this article, we propose two control charts namely, the “Multivariate Group Runs’ (MV-GR-M)” and the “Multivariate Modified Group Runs’ (MV-MGR-M)” control charts, based on the multivariate normal processes, ...In this article, we propose two control charts namely, the “Multivariate Group Runs’ (MV-GR-M)” and the “Multivariate Modified Group Runs’ (MV-MGR-M)” control charts, based on the multivariate normal processes, for monitoring the process mean vector. Methods to obtain the design parameters and operations of these control charts are discussed. Performances of the proposed charts are compared with some existing control charts. It is verified that, the proposed charts give a significant reduction in the out-of-control “Average Time to Signal” (ATS) in the zero state, as well in the steady state compared to the Hotelling’s T2 and the synthetic T2 control charts.展开更多
1-Isoquinolin-1(2H)-one skeleton exists widely in natural products,pharmaceuticals and materials.We disclose here a fluorine effect and catalyst cooperatively induced regioselective or regiospecific 3,4-functionalizat...1-Isoquinolin-1(2H)-one skeleton exists widely in natural products,pharmaceuticals and materials.We disclose here a fluorine effect and catalyst cooperatively induced regioselective or regiospecific 3,4-functionalization of unsymmetric 2-CF_(3)-1,3-enynes.The presence of trifluoromethyl group is determinable for the regioselectivity.When the CF_(3) group was replaced with the methyl or amide group,the regioselectivity decreased to a ratio of 1.3:1 or 1:1.7,respectively.For alkyl substitutedβ-CF_(3)-1,3-enynes,a regiospecificity was obtained.This strategy features excellent regioselectivity,broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance.Mechanistic studies showed that C–H bond activation is the rate-limiting step.展开更多
Traffic flow forecasting is an important part of elevator group control system (EGCS).This paper applies time series prediction theories based on neural networks(NN) to EGCSs traffic analysis,and establishes a time se...Traffic flow forecasting is an important part of elevator group control system (EGCS).This paper applies time series prediction theories based on neural networks(NN) to EGCSs traffic analysis,and establishes a time series NN traffic flow forecasting model.Simulation results show its validity.展开更多
AIM To investigate the possible long-term psychological harm of participating in colorectal cancer(CRC)screening in Norway.METHODS In a prospective, randomized trial, 14294 participants(aged 50-74 years) were invited ...AIM To investigate the possible long-term psychological harm of participating in colorectal cancer(CRC)screening in Norway.METHODS In a prospective, randomized trial, 14294 participants(aged 50-74 years) were invited to either flexible sigmoidoscopy(FS) screening, or a faecal immunochemical test(FIT)(1:1). In total, 4422 screening participants(32%) completed the questionnaire, which consisted of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the SF-12, a generic health-related quality of life(HRQOL) measurement, when invited to screening and one year after the invitation. A control group of 7650 individuals was invited to complete the questionnaire only, at baseline and one year after, and 1911(25%) completed the questionnaires.RESULTS Receiving a positive or negative screening result and participating in the two different screening modalities did not cause clinically relevant mean changes in anxiety, depression or HRQOL after one year. FS screening, but not FIT, was associated with an increased probability of being an anxiety case(score ≥ 8) at the one-year follow-up(5.6% of FS participants transitioned from being not anxious to anxious, while 3.0% experienced the reverse). This increase was moderately significantly different from the changes in the control group(in which the corresponding numbers were 4.8% and 4.5%, respectively), P = 0.06. CONCLUSION Most individuals do not experience psychological effects of CRC screening participation after one year, while FS participation is associated with increased anxiety for a smaller group.展开更多
This study examined the application of the Rumsfeld Matrix to acupuncture clinical trials,particularly those published in leading medical journals such as The Journal of the American Medical Association(JAMA),British ...This study examined the application of the Rumsfeld Matrix to acupuncture clinical trials,particularly those published in leading medical journals such as The Journal of the American Medical Association(JAMA),British Medical Journal(BMJ),The Lancet,and The New Eng-land Journal of Medicine(NEJM).The integration of randomized clinical trials(RCTs)has in-troduced a level of academic rigor to acupuncture research,challenging the classical deter-ministic model and revealing a complex landscape of known knowns,known unknowns,un-known knowns,and unknown unknowns.While RCTs have validated acupuncture’s efficacy in certain conditions,they have also highlighted considerable challenges,including the limi-tations of control group designs and the potential influence of placebo effects.The recurring issue of no significant differences between real and sham acupuncture in many studies un-derscores the need for refined control strategies and a more nuanced understanding of acupuncture’s mechanisms.This investigation calls for continued rigorous research to fully explore acupuncture’s therapeutic potential and its integration into evidence-based medicine,ultimately contributing to improved patient care and broader acceptance within the medical community.展开更多
Although the channel-decoupling assumption is often used in design of three-dimensional guidance laws, it loses its rationality for aircrafts with strong kinematics coupling because body rotation arises. To overcome t...Although the channel-decoupling assumption is often used in design of three-dimensional guidance laws, it loses its rationality for aircrafts with strong kinematics coupling because body rotation arises. To overcome this trouble, a novel guiding method was proposed based on Lie-group. After a model of 3D guidance is formulated using vectors, the precision guidance with ending angular constraints can be transformed into a problem involving the relation between directional angles and rotational angular velocities of certain vectors. When the guidance model is imposed a SO(3)-based description, a novel 3D sliding mode guidance law with ending angular constraints can be developed via Lie-group control method and variable structure control theory. Finally, the feasibility and performance of the guidance law were shown by simulating the examples.展开更多
Elevators are essential components of contemporary buildings, enabling efficient vertical mobility for occupants. However, the proliferation of tall buildings has exacerbated challenges such as traffic congestion with...Elevators are essential components of contemporary buildings, enabling efficient vertical mobility for occupants. However, the proliferation of tall buildings has exacerbated challenges such as traffic congestion within elevator systems. Many passengers experience dissatisfaction with prolonged wait times, leading to impatience and frustration among building occupants. The widespread adoption of neural networks and deep learning technologies across various fields and industries represents a significant paradigm shift, and unlocking new avenues for innovation and advancement. These cutting-edge technologies offer unprecedented opportunities to address complex challenges and optimize processes in diverse domains. In this study, LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) network technology is leveraged to analyze elevator traffic flow within a typical office building. By harnessing the predictive capabilities of LSTM, the research aims to contribute to advancements in elevator group control design, ultimately enhancing the functionality and efficiency of vertical transportation systems in built environments. The findings of this research have the potential to reference the development of intelligent elevator management systems, capable of dynamically adapting to fluctuating passenger demand and optimizing elevator usage in real-time. By enhancing the efficiency and functionality of vertical transportation systems, the research contributes to creating more sustainable, accessible, and user-friendly living environments for individuals across diverse demographics.展开更多
This paper presents a weight-based group formation tracking control method for air–ground multi-agent systems,where the system consists of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)and unmanned ground vehicles(UGVs).Specifically...This paper presents a weight-based group formation tracking control method for air–ground multi-agent systems,where the system consists of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)and unmanned ground vehicles(UGVs).Specifically,a three-layer directed communication topology consisting of a master leader,group leaders,and followers is designed first.Subsequently,a formation tracking controller is developed,and the stability of the system is proven using Lyapunov theory.Additionally,to address the collision issues that can arise during the grouping and flight of multi-UAV formations,a collision avoidance controller is designed based on a rotational potential field function.Finally,simulation experiments validate that the proposed method can achieve stable and safe grouping,formation,and collaborative tracking of air–ground multi-agent systems.展开更多
For solving complex flow field with multi-scale structure higher order accurate schemes are preferred. Among high order schemes the compact schemes have higher resolving efficiency. When the compact and upwind compact...For solving complex flow field with multi-scale structure higher order accurate schemes are preferred. Among high order schemes the compact schemes have higher resolving efficiency. When the compact and upwind compact schemes are used to solve aerodynamic problems there are numerical oscillations near the shocks. The reason of oscillation production is because of non-uniform group velocity of wave packets in numerical solutions. For improvement of resolution of the shock a parameter function is introduced in compact scheme to control the group velocity. The newly developed method is simple. It has higher accuracy and less stencil of grid points.展开更多
This study proposes a group control system optimization strategy coupled with a refrigeration plant model for a primary pump variable flow system,in order to improve the automation level of the refrigeration plant and...This study proposes a group control system optimization strategy coupled with a refrigeration plant model for a primary pump variable flow system,in order to improve the automation level of the refrigeration plant and maximize the energy saving potential.First,the control variables,optimization objectives,and operational con-straints of the entire system were analyzed.Then,by collecting the operational data for each component and combining these data with theoretical analysis,the sub models were designed and the input parameters,output parameters,and optimization variables of each sub-model were defined.Next,the sub-models were coupled and the control variables of the operational combination,leading to the lowest overall system energy consumption,were obtained using a particle swarm optimization algorithm.Finally,considering a medical building in North China as an example,the application effectiveness of the optimal control strategy of the refrigeration plant was analyzed.The results showed that the energy-savings of the group control system after the optimization of the re-frigerator,chilled water pump,cooling water pump,and cooling tower could reach 9.42,8.04,5.67,and 14.64%,respectively.This is a remarkable energy-savings benefit.The research described in this study also provides some reference for the design of group control systems in refrigeration plants.展开更多
We consider GROUP CONTROL BY ADDING INDIVIDUALS(GCAI)in the setting of group identification for two procedural rules-the consensus-start-respecting rule and the liberal-start-respecting rule.It is known that GCAI for ...We consider GROUP CONTROL BY ADDING INDIVIDUALS(GCAI)in the setting of group identification for two procedural rules-the consensus-start-respecting rule and the liberal-start-respecting rule.It is known that GCAI for both rules are NP-hard,but whether they are fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the number of distinguished individuals remained open.We resolve both open problems in the affirmative.In addition,we strengthen the NP-hardness of GCAI by showing that,with respect to the natural parameter the number of added individuals,GCAI for both rules are W[2]-hard.Notably,the W[2]-hardness for the liberal-startrespecting rule holds even when restricted to a very special case where the qualifications of individuals satisfy the so-called consecutive ones property.However,for the consensus-startrespecting rule,the problem becomes polynomial-time solvable in this special case.We also study a dual restriction where the disqualifications of individuals fulfill the consecutive ones property,and show that under this restriction GCAI for both rules turn out to be polynomial-time solvable.Our reductions for showing W[2]-hardness also imply several algorithmic lowerbounds.展开更多
基金NKBRSF CG 1990 3 2 80 5 National Natural Science F oundation of China !( No.5 98760 0 2 )
文摘In order to prevent smearing the discontinuity, a modified term is added to the third order Upwind Compact Difference scheme to lower the dissipation error. Moreover, the dispersion error is controled to hold back the non physical oscillation by means of the group velocity control. The scheme is used to simulate the interactions of shock density stratified interface and the disturbed interface developing to vortex rollers. Numerical results are satisfactory.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No60874077) Specialized Research Funds for Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No20060056054) Research Funds for Scientific Financing Projects of Quality Control Public Welfare Profession (No2007GYB172)
文摘Aiming at the diversity and nonlinearity of the elevator system control target, an effective group method based on a hybrid algorithm of genetic algorithm and neural network is presented in this paper. The genetic algorithm is used to search the weight of the neural network. At the same time, the multi-objective-based evaluation function is adopted, in which there are three main indicators including the passenger waiting time, car passengers number and the number of stops. Different weights are given to meet the actual needs. The optimal values of the evaluation function are obtained, and the optimal dispatch control of the elevator group control system based on neural network is realized. By analyzing the running of the elevator group control system, all the processes and steps are presented. The validity of the hybrid algorithm is verified by the dynamic imitation performance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (60363001 ,60373087 ,90104005 ,60473023)
文摘The current multicast model provides no access control mechanism. Any host can send data directly to a multicast address or join a multicast group to become a member, which brings safety problems to multicast. In this paper, we present a new active multicast group access control mechanism that is founded on trust management. This structure can solve the problem that exists in multicast members＇ access control and distributing authorization of traditional IP multicast.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62073305)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(CUG170610)。
文摘A new kind of group coordination control problemgroup hybrid coordination control is investigated in this paper.The group hybrid coordination control means that in a whole multi-agent system(MAS)that consists of two subgroups with communications between them,agents in the two subgroups achieve consensus and containment,respectively.For MASs with both time-delays and additive noises,two group control protocols are proposed to solve this problem for the containment-oriented case and consensus-oriented case,respectively.By developing a new analysis idea,some sufficient conditions and necessary conditions related to the communication intensity betw een the two subgroups are obtained for the following two types of group hybrid coordination behavior:1)Agents in one subgroup and in another subgroup achieve weak consensus and containment,respectively;2)Agents in one subgroup and in another subgroup achieve strong consensus and containment,respectively.It is revealed that the decay of the communication impact betw een the two subgroups is necessary for the consensus-oriented case.Finally,the validity of the group control results is verified by several simulation examples.
文摘INTRODUCTION Group transfer polymerization (GTP) is a method for controlling the structure of acrylic polymers in which reactive chain ends are covalentiy bound to a trimethylsilyl group. In the presence of a catalyst, monomer inserts into these chain ends between the silyl group and the last monomer unit. The process is illustrated by equation (1) for methyl methacrylate. GTP is a living polymerization, i. e., there is little or no chain termination and no chain transfer. A significant advantage of GTP is that it
文摘Objective: to sort out the clinical value of implementing quality control group management mode in emergency department nursing management, so as to provide reference and reference for gradually improving the quality of emergency nursing. Methods: to sort out the nursing quality assessment results of the nursing staff in the emergency department of our hospital during the period from January 2019 to December 20, 2019, and then compare them with the nursing quality assessment results of the nursing staff after the establishment of the nursing quality control group in 2021, so as to provide reference and reference for the preparation of a scientific, standardized and efficient emergency nursing management plan, so as to continuously improve the nursing level of the undergraduate department. Results: according to the same version of the emergency nursing quality standard, the emergency nursing quality assessment was carried out in 2019 and 2021. It can be found that in 2019, the average of the assessment results was (93.23 ± 2.46) points, and the number of adverse reaction events in the undergraduate department was 10 pieces. In 2021, the average result of roast goose was (97.02 ± 1.49) points, and the number of adverse reaction events occurred in the undergraduate room was 4 pieces. The difference between the two data was prominent and there was a statistical advantage (P < 0.05). Conclusion: in the nursing management of the emergency department, the establishment of the nursing quality control team can play a positive role. It can detect the shortcomings and shortcomings of the nursing period at the first time, and analyze and rectify the root causes, so as to avoid risks, and improve the clinical nursing level and patient satisfaction.
文摘Objective: to analyze the effect of quality control group management in the nursing of nail breast surgery. Methods: from December 2020 to April 2021, 98 cases of patients undergoing nail breast surgery in our hospital were selected as the observation objects of this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The control group adopted routine nursing, and the observation group adopted routine nursing + quality control management. The occurrence of nursing errors and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: the incidence of adverse events in observation group was 8.16%, which was lower than that in control group (26.52%) (P < 0.05). The satisfaction of the observation group was 93.88%, which was higher than that of the control group (80.43%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the intervention of quality control management on the basis of routine nursing can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse events such as nursery-patient disputes, improve patient satisfaction, and the effect is ideal.
文摘Objective: to study the specific effect of setting up a professional infection control team in hospital on surgical site infection in obstetrics and gynecology patients. Methods: a total of 300 cases of surgery patients in the department of obstetrics and gynecology admitted to our hospital since 2019 to 2020 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the research group, with 150 cases in each group. A comparative study was conducted on the infection situation and specific control situation of the two groups to analyze the specific effects. Results: the incidence of surgical infection site in the control group was significantly higher, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. The research group was significantly better than the control group in terms of quality management, and the quality management score was higher. The experimental results of the two groups were different. Conclusion: the hospital through the establishment of obstetrics and gynecology hospital professional team, can reduce surgical site infections, obstetrics and gynecology patients to improve the control level of medical staff have very obvious effect, to promote the use of in the hospital, can reduce medical disputes, to alleviate the doctor-patient relationship has very obvious effect.
文摘In this article, we propose two control charts namely, the “Multivariate Group Runs’ (MV-GR-M)” and the “Multivariate Modified Group Runs’ (MV-MGR-M)” control charts, based on the multivariate normal processes, for monitoring the process mean vector. Methods to obtain the design parameters and operations of these control charts are discussed. Performances of the proposed charts are compared with some existing control charts. It is verified that, the proposed charts give a significant reduction in the out-of-control “Average Time to Signal” (ATS) in the zero state, as well in the steady state compared to the Hotelling’s T2 and the synthetic T2 control charts.
基金supported by National Natural Science Founda:tion of China(22461002,22308061,22305046)Natural Science Foundation(NSF)of Jiangxi Province(20224BAB213011,20242BAB20110,20224BAB213012)+1 种基金High-Level and Highly Demanded Overseas Talent Programs of Jiangxi Province(20232BCJ25050)Gannan Normal University Start-up Fund(BSJJ202109).
文摘1-Isoquinolin-1(2H)-one skeleton exists widely in natural products,pharmaceuticals and materials.We disclose here a fluorine effect and catalyst cooperatively induced regioselective or regiospecific 3,4-functionalization of unsymmetric 2-CF_(3)-1,3-enynes.The presence of trifluoromethyl group is determinable for the regioselectivity.When the CF_(3) group was replaced with the methyl or amide group,the regioselectivity decreased to a ratio of 1.3:1 or 1:1.7,respectively.For alkyl substitutedβ-CF_(3)-1,3-enynes,a regiospecificity was obtained.This strategy features excellent regioselectivity,broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance.Mechanistic studies showed that C–H bond activation is the rate-limiting step.
文摘Traffic flow forecasting is an important part of elevator group control system (EGCS).This paper applies time series prediction theories based on neural networks(NN) to EGCSs traffic analysis,and establishes a time series NN traffic flow forecasting model.Simulation results show its validity.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Health and Care Services in Norway
文摘AIM To investigate the possible long-term psychological harm of participating in colorectal cancer(CRC)screening in Norway.METHODS In a prospective, randomized trial, 14294 participants(aged 50-74 years) were invited to either flexible sigmoidoscopy(FS) screening, or a faecal immunochemical test(FIT)(1:1). In total, 4422 screening participants(32%) completed the questionnaire, which consisted of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the SF-12, a generic health-related quality of life(HRQOL) measurement, when invited to screening and one year after the invitation. A control group of 7650 individuals was invited to complete the questionnaire only, at baseline and one year after, and 1911(25%) completed the questionnaires.RESULTS Receiving a positive or negative screening result and participating in the two different screening modalities did not cause clinically relevant mean changes in anxiety, depression or HRQOL after one year. FS screening, but not FIT, was associated with an increased probability of being an anxiety case(score ≥ 8) at the one-year follow-up(5.6% of FS participants transitioned from being not anxious to anxious, while 3.0% experienced the reverse). This increase was moderately significantly different from the changes in the control group(in which the corresponding numbers were 4.8% and 4.5%, respectively), P = 0.06. CONCLUSION Most individuals do not experience psychological effects of CRC screening participation after one year, while FS participation is associated with increased anxiety for a smaller group.
文摘This study examined the application of the Rumsfeld Matrix to acupuncture clinical trials,particularly those published in leading medical journals such as The Journal of the American Medical Association(JAMA),British Medical Journal(BMJ),The Lancet,and The New Eng-land Journal of Medicine(NEJM).The integration of randomized clinical trials(RCTs)has in-troduced a level of academic rigor to acupuncture research,challenging the classical deter-ministic model and revealing a complex landscape of known knowns,known unknowns,un-known knowns,and unknown unknowns.While RCTs have validated acupuncture’s efficacy in certain conditions,they have also highlighted considerable challenges,including the limi-tations of control group designs and the potential influence of placebo effects.The recurring issue of no significant differences between real and sham acupuncture in many studies un-derscores the need for refined control strategies and a more nuanced understanding of acupuncture’s mechanisms.This investigation calls for continued rigorous research to fully explore acupuncture’s therapeutic potential and its integration into evidence-based medicine,ultimately contributing to improved patient care and broader acceptance within the medical community.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60374006)
文摘Although the channel-decoupling assumption is often used in design of three-dimensional guidance laws, it loses its rationality for aircrafts with strong kinematics coupling because body rotation arises. To overcome this trouble, a novel guiding method was proposed based on Lie-group. After a model of 3D guidance is formulated using vectors, the precision guidance with ending angular constraints can be transformed into a problem involving the relation between directional angles and rotational angular velocities of certain vectors. When the guidance model is imposed a SO(3)-based description, a novel 3D sliding mode guidance law with ending angular constraints can be developed via Lie-group control method and variable structure control theory. Finally, the feasibility and performance of the guidance law were shown by simulating the examples.
文摘Elevators are essential components of contemporary buildings, enabling efficient vertical mobility for occupants. However, the proliferation of tall buildings has exacerbated challenges such as traffic congestion within elevator systems. Many passengers experience dissatisfaction with prolonged wait times, leading to impatience and frustration among building occupants. The widespread adoption of neural networks and deep learning technologies across various fields and industries represents a significant paradigm shift, and unlocking new avenues for innovation and advancement. These cutting-edge technologies offer unprecedented opportunities to address complex challenges and optimize processes in diverse domains. In this study, LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) network technology is leveraged to analyze elevator traffic flow within a typical office building. By harnessing the predictive capabilities of LSTM, the research aims to contribute to advancements in elevator group control design, ultimately enhancing the functionality and efficiency of vertical transportation systems in built environments. The findings of this research have the potential to reference the development of intelligent elevator management systems, capable of dynamically adapting to fluctuating passenger demand and optimizing elevator usage in real-time. By enhancing the efficiency and functionality of vertical transportation systems, the research contributes to creating more sustainable, accessible, and user-friendly living environments for individuals across diverse demographics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62173242)the Major Science and Technology Plan Project of Hainan(Grant No.ZDKJ2021057)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.62225308)
文摘This paper presents a weight-based group formation tracking control method for air–ground multi-agent systems,where the system consists of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)and unmanned ground vehicles(UGVs).Specifically,a three-layer directed communication topology consisting of a master leader,group leaders,and followers is designed first.Subsequently,a formation tracking controller is developed,and the stability of the system is proven using Lyapunov theory.Additionally,to address the collision issues that can arise during the grouping and flight of multi-UAV formations,a collision avoidance controller is designed based on a rotational potential field function.Finally,simulation experiments validate that the proposed method can achieve stable and safe grouping,formation,and collaborative tracking of air–ground multi-agent systems.
基金the computers of the State Kay Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing, the Chinese Academy of Sciences This work was supporded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 19972070) "95" Project and 973 Project (Grant N
文摘For solving complex flow field with multi-scale structure higher order accurate schemes are preferred. Among high order schemes the compact schemes have higher resolving efficiency. When the compact and upwind compact schemes are used to solve aerodynamic problems there are numerical oscillations near the shocks. The reason of oscillation production is because of non-uniform group velocity of wave packets in numerical solutions. For improvement of resolution of the shock a parameter function is introduced in compact scheme to control the group velocity. The newly developed method is simple. It has higher accuracy and less stencil of grid points.
文摘This study proposes a group control system optimization strategy coupled with a refrigeration plant model for a primary pump variable flow system,in order to improve the automation level of the refrigeration plant and maximize the energy saving potential.First,the control variables,optimization objectives,and operational con-straints of the entire system were analyzed.Then,by collecting the operational data for each component and combining these data with theoretical analysis,the sub models were designed and the input parameters,output parameters,and optimization variables of each sub-model were defined.Next,the sub-models were coupled and the control variables of the operational combination,leading to the lowest overall system energy consumption,were obtained using a particle swarm optimization algorithm.Finally,considering a medical building in North China as an example,the application effectiveness of the optimal control strategy of the refrigeration plant was analyzed.The results showed that the energy-savings of the group control system after the optimization of the re-frigerator,chilled water pump,cooling water pump,and cooling tower could reach 9.42,8.04,5.67,and 14.64%,respectively.This is a remarkable energy-savings benefit.The research described in this study also provides some reference for the design of group control systems in refrigeration plants.
文摘We consider GROUP CONTROL BY ADDING INDIVIDUALS(GCAI)in the setting of group identification for two procedural rules-the consensus-start-respecting rule and the liberal-start-respecting rule.It is known that GCAI for both rules are NP-hard,but whether they are fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the number of distinguished individuals remained open.We resolve both open problems in the affirmative.In addition,we strengthen the NP-hardness of GCAI by showing that,with respect to the natural parameter the number of added individuals,GCAI for both rules are W[2]-hard.Notably,the W[2]-hardness for the liberal-startrespecting rule holds even when restricted to a very special case where the qualifications of individuals satisfy the so-called consecutive ones property.However,for the consensus-startrespecting rule,the problem becomes polynomial-time solvable in this special case.We also study a dual restriction where the disqualifications of individuals fulfill the consecutive ones property,and show that under this restriction GCAI for both rules turn out to be polynomial-time solvable.Our reductions for showing W[2]-hardness also imply several algorithmic lowerbounds.
