Dot,line,plane,body are dominant elements for creating visual originality of modern landscapes,among which dot is the fundamental one in the visual design.It is a significant subject in modern landscape design to crea...Dot,line,plane,body are dominant elements for creating visual originality of modern landscapes,among which dot is the fundamental one in the visual design.It is a significant subject in modern landscape design to create visual originality and style of dotted landscapes,and also a premise for humanistic design.The visual characteristics of dotted landscapes were analyzed from the perspectives of style,size,location,configuration and so on.The principles of creating green visual originality for dotted landscapes were concluded,that is,coordination and unification,ratio and scale,balance and stability,rhythm and tempo.Then novel and elegant dotted landscapes can be created by using new materials and techniques,applying deformation,cutting and connection,alternation,distortion and rotation;by adopting motif composition method,motif with outstanding features can be selected as dotted landscapes to form contrast with background and break the rigid atmosphere.展开更多
All algae documented so far are of unknown origin. Here, we provide a taxonomic description of the first origin-known alga TDX16-DE that arises from the <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Chro...All algae documented so far are of unknown origin. Here, we provide a taxonomic description of the first origin-known alga TDX16-DE that arises from the <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Chroococcidiopsis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-like endosymbiotic cyanobacterium TDX16 by de novo organelle biogenesis after acquiring its green algal host</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Haematococcus pluvialis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">’s DNA. TDX16-DE is spherical or oval, with a diameter of 2.0-3.6 μm, containing typical chlorophyte pigments of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and lutein and reproducing by autosporulation, whose 18S rRNA gene sequence shows the highest similarity of 99.7% to that of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Chlorella vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. However, TDX16-DE is only about half the size of</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> C. vulgaris </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and structurally similar to</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> C. vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> only in having a chloroplast-localized pyrenoid, but differs from</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> C. vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in that 1) it possesses a double-membraned cytoplasmic envelope but lacks endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus;and 2) its nuc</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">leus is enclosed by two sets of envelopes (four</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">unit membranes). Therefore</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, based on these characters and the cyanobacterial origin, we describe TDX16-DE as a new genus and species, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Chroococcidiorella tianjinensis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gen. et sp. nov., which sets the basis for multidisciplinary research.</span></span>展开更多
文摘Dot,line,plane,body are dominant elements for creating visual originality of modern landscapes,among which dot is the fundamental one in the visual design.It is a significant subject in modern landscape design to create visual originality and style of dotted landscapes,and also a premise for humanistic design.The visual characteristics of dotted landscapes were analyzed from the perspectives of style,size,location,configuration and so on.The principles of creating green visual originality for dotted landscapes were concluded,that is,coordination and unification,ratio and scale,balance and stability,rhythm and tempo.Then novel and elegant dotted landscapes can be created by using new materials and techniques,applying deformation,cutting and connection,alternation,distortion and rotation;by adopting motif composition method,motif with outstanding features can be selected as dotted landscapes to form contrast with background and break the rigid atmosphere.
文摘All algae documented so far are of unknown origin. Here, we provide a taxonomic description of the first origin-known alga TDX16-DE that arises from the <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Chroococcidiopsis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-like endosymbiotic cyanobacterium TDX16 by de novo organelle biogenesis after acquiring its green algal host</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Haematococcus pluvialis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">’s DNA. TDX16-DE is spherical or oval, with a diameter of 2.0-3.6 μm, containing typical chlorophyte pigments of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and lutein and reproducing by autosporulation, whose 18S rRNA gene sequence shows the highest similarity of 99.7% to that of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Chlorella vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. However, TDX16-DE is only about half the size of</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> C. vulgaris </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and structurally similar to</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> C. vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> only in having a chloroplast-localized pyrenoid, but differs from</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> C. vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in that 1) it possesses a double-membraned cytoplasmic envelope but lacks endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus;and 2) its nuc</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">leus is enclosed by two sets of envelopes (four</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">unit membranes). Therefore</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, based on these characters and the cyanobacterial origin, we describe TDX16-DE as a new genus and species, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Chroococcidiorella tianjinensis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gen. et sp. nov., which sets the basis for multidisciplinary research.</span></span>
