Over the past century,advancements in chemistry have significantly propelled human innovation,enhancing both industrial and consumer products.However,this rapid progression has resulted in chemical pollution increasin...Over the past century,advancements in chemistry have significantly propelled human innovation,enhancing both industrial and consumer products.However,this rapid progression has resulted in chemical pollution increasingly surpassing planetary boundaries,as production and release rates have outpaced our monitoring capabilities.To catalyze more impactful efforts,this study transitions from traditional chemical assessment to inverse chemical design,introducing a generative graph latent diffusion model aimed at discovering safer alternatives.In a case study on the design of green solvents for cyclohexane/benzene extraction distillation,we constructed a design database encompassing functional,environmental hazards,and process constraints.Virtual screening of previous design dataset revealed distinct trade-off trends between these design requirements.Based on the screening outcomes,an unconstrained generative model was developed,which covered a broader chemical space and demonstrated superior capabilities for structural interpolation and extrapolation.To further optimize molecular generation towards desired properties,a multi-objective latent diffusion method was applied,yielding 19 candidate molecules.Of these,7 were identified in PubChem as the most viable green solvent candidates,while the remaining 12 as potential novel candidates.Overall,this study effectively designed green solvent candidates for safer and more sustainable industrial production,setting a promising precedent for the development of environmentally friendly alternatives in other areas of chemical research.展开更多
The integration of Green Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies into educational systems offers a promising avenue to enhance operational efficiency while addressing sustainability challenges.Through a rigorous three...The integration of Green Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies into educational systems offers a promising avenue to enhance operational efficiency while addressing sustainability challenges.Through a rigorous three-phase methodology combining literature review,AI agent development,and participatory workshop-based case analysis,this paper highlights the pivotal role of AI agents,as applications of Green AI technologies,in driving transformative outcomes within schools.By directly improving self-learning efficiency and reducing learning costs for students,enhancing management and service efficiency,reducing labor costs for schools,as well as minimizing resource dependence for both teachers and students,AI agents create a foundation for sustainable operations.These direct effects generate positive spillover effects,cascading into broader outcomes,including innovation performance,economic efficiency,and environmental sustainability,aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).By presenting a comprehensive conceptual model,this study demonstrates the pathways through which Green AI contributes to sustainable development in education and emphasizes its critical role in bridging technological innovation with sustainability.This framework provides significant theoretical insights for further empirical research while offering actionable strategies for policymakers and educators to harness Green AI for building sustainable schools with a student-centered approach.展开更多
The traditional Green-Ampt model does not accurately represent the infiltration behavior of clay soils.Infiltration in clay is influenced by low hydraulic conductivity,strong capillary forces,and a gradual transition ...The traditional Green-Ampt model does not accurately represent the infiltration behavior of clay soils.Infiltration in clay is influenced by low hydraulic conductivity,strong capillary forces,and a gradual transition zone between saturated and unsaturated zones.These factors often lead to overestimated infiltration rates and underestimated infiltration durations.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the model to better reflect the characteristics of clay infiltration and enhance its predictive accuracy and practical applicability.This study conducts hydraulic characterization tests,one-dimensional soil column rainfall infiltration experiments,and numerical analysis on a representative clay sampled from Wuhan,China,to investigate infiltration behaviors under varying rainfall intensities and initial moisture conditions.The study reveals that the proportion of the transition layer within the wetting layer decreases with increasing wetting front depth,following a power-law function.Under the same initial moisture content,this proportion tends to converge to a stable value regardless of rainfall intensity.In contrast,under the same rainfall intensity,a higher initial moisture content leads to a larger proportion of the transition layer at a given wetting front depth.Based on the NMR curve,the unsaturated permeability coefficients corresponding to different volumetric water contents of clay can be obtained quickly,accurately,and at low cost.By utilizing the unsaturated permeability coefficient prediction model based on the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)curve,the study refines the computational method for the equivalent permeability coefficient in the wetting layer during clay rainfall infiltration,and proposes an improved clay Green-Ampt infiltration model that considers the saturated-unsaturated differentiation layer and the dynamic variation of its equivalent permeability coefficient under continuous rainfall conditions.The computational results of the improved model were compared with measured infiltration data,numerical simulations,and predictions from the traditional GA model.The results indicate that the improved model effectively captures the dynamic variation between the transition layer and wetting layer and provides more accurate predictions of wetting front depth in clay,with an accuracy approximately 68.36%higher than that of the traditional GA model.展开更多
Green innovation is an important driving force for high-quality development and an important guarantee for the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China.However,research on green innovation is still...Green innovation is an important driving force for high-quality development and an important guarantee for the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China.However,research on green innovation is still insufficient.Using the super-efficiency epsilon-based measure Malmquist model,kernel density estimation,and spatial econometric model,this study investigated the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of green innovation efficiency(GIE)in Northeast China from 2005 to 2020.The results reveal that:1)The GIE in Northeast China has obvious phased characteristics,where 2005-2011 was a period of fluctuating decline while 2012-2020 was a period of fluctuating increase,reflecting the severe resource and environmental constraints faced by the green innovation process.2)The GIE in the Northeast China has a significant spatial dependence,which has not formed a relatively stable spatial club feature.The process for improving the GIE in the Northeast China in the future is still arduous and far off.3)The interweaving and mutual influence of nonequilibrium factors have led to the diversity and complexity of the spatiotemporal pattern evolution of GIE.Overall,the level of economic development and industrial structure has a positive effect,while foreign investment and industrial agglomeration have a negative effect.The direct effects of government regulation,resource endowment,science and technology,environmental regulation,and urbanization are not significant.The research conclusion of this article can provide important reference for the revitalization of Northeast China.展开更多
The economics’ ecological modernization approach based on the input-output balance model is considered in the paper. The government measures on Russian Federation’s transition to green economy on reducing of greenho...The economics’ ecological modernization approach based on the input-output balance model is considered in the paper. The government measures on Russian Federation’s transition to green economy on reducing of greenhouse gas emissions are analyzed. In an article for green economy evaluation, including greenhouse gas emissions per capita and per unit of GDP, the indicator of the production environmental costs is proposed to include. The authors suppose adding and to modernize the Leontief-Ford model of input-output balance by economic evaluation of the environment pollution effects. This model is proposed to consider macro-economic assessment of environmental damage, health deterioration due to environmental pollution, as well as the use costs of the environmentally friendly technologies, the environmental and energy innovations’ implementation, climate change. The proposed modified model of environmentally oriented input-output balance can be used in the economic compensation system implementation on natural capital use and ecosystem services’ consuming in countries and their regions. The modified Leontief-Ford model proposed in the paper can be used for green economy development calculating, for example in Russia during the development of measures for the environment and economic development. Also this paper opens discussions for opportunities of the further possible integration of the theoretical models for environment protection decision-making.展开更多
A class of nonlinear and continuous type Leontief model and its corresponding conditional input-output equation are introduced, and two basic problems under the so called positive or negative boundary assumption are p...A class of nonlinear and continuous type Leontief model and its corresponding conditional input-output equation are introduced, and two basic problems under the so called positive or negative boundary assumption are presented. By approaches of nonlinear analysis some solvability results of this equation and continuous perturbation properties of the relative solution sets are obtained, and some economic significance are illustrated by the remark.展开更多
Compaction process simulation and residual stress prediction of green PM compact were carried out with elasto-plastic 3D FEA based on the modified Drueker-Prager Cap model in Abaqus. The model parameters of the invest...Compaction process simulation and residual stress prediction of green PM compact were carried out with elasto-plastic 3D FEA based on the modified Drueker-Prager Cap model in Abaqus. The model parameters of the investigated powder Distaloy AE were determined as functions of relative density through typical mechanical property tests of powder. The model was implemented as a user subroutine USDFLD. Single sided compaction of a d20 ram^5 mm disk green compact of Distaloy AE was simulated, and the residual stress of the disk after ejection was predicted with FEA. The FEA results of the compaction process and the residual stress of the disk show good agreement with compaction experiments and X-ray diffraction measurements, which validates the model and its parameters. The results indicate that the compressive residual stresses exist mainly in a thin layer on the side surface, but the residual stresses are very small on the top and bottom surfaces.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test (clearance rate (K) and retention rate at 15 minutes (R(15))) is a sensitive indicator to evaluate liver function. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) sc...BACKGROUND: The indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test (clearance rate (K) and retention rate at 15 minutes (R(15))) is a sensitive indicator to evaluate liver function. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score has emerged as a useful tool for estimating the mortality of patients awaiting liver transplantation and has recently been validated on patients with liver diseases of various etiologies and severity. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the ICG clearance test and MELD score of patients with liver cirrhosis. METHODS: From June 2007 to March 2008, 52 patients with liver cirrhosis admitted to our center were classified into Child-Pugh class A (8 patients), B (14) and C (30). The ICG clearance test (K value and R(15)) was performed by ICG pulse spectrophotometry (DDG-3300K), and the MELD scores of patients were calculated. RESULTS: As the Child-Pugh classification of liver function gradually deteriorated, the K value decreased, while R(15) and MELD score increased. There were significant statistical differences in K value, R(15) and MELD score in patients with different Child-Pugh classifications. Significant correlations were found between the parameters of the ICG clearance test (K value and R(15)) and MELD score. A negative correlation was observed between K value and MELD score (r=-0.892, P < 0.05), while a positive correlation was observed between R(15) and MELD score (r=0.804, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The ICG clearance test and MELD score are good parameters for evaluating liver function. Moreover, K value and R(15) have significant correlations with MELD score, especially the K value, which may be a convenient and appropriate indicator to evaluate liver function of patients with liver cirrhosis.展开更多
Pursuing the green manufacturing (GM) of products i s very beneficial in the alleviation of environment burdens. In order to reap such benefits, green manufacturing is involved in every aspect of manufacturing proc es...Pursuing the green manufacturing (GM) of products i s very beneficial in the alleviation of environment burdens. In order to reap such benefits, green manufacturing is involved in every aspect of manufacturing proc esses. During the machining process, cutting fluid is one of the main roots of e nvironmental pollution. And how to make an optimal selection for cutting fluid f or GM is an important path to reduce the environmental pollution. The objective factors of decision-making problems in the traditional selection of cutting flu id are usually two: quality and cost. But from the viewpoint of GM, environmenta l impact (E) should be considered together. In this paper, a multi-object d ecision-making model of cutting fluid selection for GM is put forward, in which the objects of Quality (Q), Cost(C) and Environmental impact (E) are considered together. In this model, E means to minimize the environmental impact, Q means to maximize the quality and C means to minimize the cost. Each objective is anal yzed in detail too. A case study on a decision-making problem of cutting fluid selection in a gear hobbing process is analyzed, and the result shows the model is practical.展开更多
In Northeast Thailand, the climate change has resulted in erratic rainfall and tem- perature patterns. The region has experienced both periods of drought and seasonal floods with the increasing severity. This study in...In Northeast Thailand, the climate change has resulted in erratic rainfall and tem- perature patterns. The region has experienced both periods of drought and seasonal floods with the increasing severity. This study investigated the seasonal variation of vegetation greenness based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） in major land cover types in the region. An assessment of the relationship between climate patterns and vegeta- tion conditions observed from NDVI was made. NDVI data were collected from year 2001 to 2009 using multi-temporal Terra MODIS Vegetation Indices Product （MOD13Q1）. NDVI pro- files were developed to measure vegetation dynamics and variation according to land cover types. Meteorological information, i.e. rainfall and temperature, for a 30 year time span from 1980 to 2009 was analyzed for their patterns. Furthermore, the data taken from the period of 2001-2009, were digitally encoded into GIS database and the spatial patterns of monthly rainfall and temperature maps were generated based on kriging technique. The results showed a decreasing trend in NDVI values for both deciduous and evergreen forests. The highest productivity and biomass were observed in dry evergreen forests and the lowest in paddy fields. Temperature was found to be increasing slightly from 1980 to 2009 while no significant trends in rainfall amounts were observed. In dry evergreen forest, NDVI was not correlated with rainfall but was significant negatively correlated with temperature. These re- sults indicated that the overall productivity in dry evergreen forest was affected by increasing temperatures. A vegetation greenness model was developed from correlations between NDVI and meteorological data using linear regression. The model could be used to observe the change in vegetation greenness and dynamics affected by temperature and rainfall.展开更多
In recent years, with the development of terrestrial sequence stratigraphy, more attention has been focused on the study of the terrestrial lacustrine sequence stratigraphic model globally. Different viewpoints are pr...In recent years, with the development of terrestrial sequence stratigraphy, more attention has been focused on the study of the terrestrial lacustrine sequence stratigraphic model globally. Different viewpoints are preferred by researchers. Under the guidance of the theory of sequence stratigraphy, the findings of this paper indicate that climate is a major factor controlling the formation of the fourth-order sequence, based upon the study of the sequence stratigraphy in the Green River Formation of the Uinta basin in the USA. It also divides the fourth-order sequence in the terrestrial lacustrine basin into two system tracts： the wet （rising） half-cycle and the dry （falling） half- cycle, establishing a new-style fourth-order sequence stratigraphic model for the terrestrial lacustrine basin, that is, the climate-genetic sequence stratigraphic model. As a result, the theory of sequence stratigraphy is greatly enriched.展开更多
Green manure use in China has declined rapidly since the 1980 s with the extensive use of chemical fertilizers.The deterioration of field environments and the demand for green agricultural products have resulted in mo...Green manure use in China has declined rapidly since the 1980 s with the extensive use of chemical fertilizers.The deterioration of field environments and the demand for green agricultural products have resulted in more attention to green manure.Human intervention and policy-oriented behaviors likely have large impacts on promoting green manure planting.However,little information is available regarding on where,at what rates,and in which ways（i.e.,intercropping green manure in orchards or rotating green manure in cropland） to develop green manure and what benefits could be gained by incorporating green manure in fields at the county scale.This paper presents the conversion of land use and its effects at small region extent（CLUE-S） model,which is specifically developed for the simulation of land use changes originally,to predict spatial distribution of green manure in cropland and orchards in 2020 in Pinggu District located in Beijing,China.Four types of land use for planting or not planting green manure were classified and the future land use dynamics（mainly croplands and orchards） were considered in the prediction.Two scenarios were used to predict the spatial distribution of green manure based on data from 2011：The promotion of green manure planting in orchards（scenario 1） and the promotion of simultaneous green manure planting in orchards and croplands（scenario 2）.The predictions were generally accurate based on the receiver operating characteristic（ROC） and Kappa indices,which validated the effectiveness of the CLUE-S model in the prediction.In addition,the spatial distribution of the green manure was acquired,which indicated that green manure mainly located in the orchards of the middle and southern regions of Dahuashan,the western and southern regions of Wangxinzhuang,the middle region of Shandongzhuang,the eastern region of Pinggu and the middle region of Xiagezhuang under scenario 1.Green manure planting under scenario 2 occurred in orchards in the middle region of Wangxinzhuang,and croplands in most regions of Daxingzhuang,southern Pinggu,northern Xiagezhuang and most of Mafang.The spatially explicit results allowed for the assessment of the benefits of these changes based on different economic and ecological indicators.The economic and ecological gains of scenarios 1 and 2 were 175691 900 and143000 300 CNY,respectively,which indicated that the first scenario was more beneficial for promoting the same area of green manure.These results can facilitate policies of promoting green manure and guide the extensive use of green manure in local agricultural production in suitable ways.展开更多
AIM: To examine the protective effect of green tea extract (GT) on hepatic fi brosis in vitro and in vivo in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced rats.METHODS: HSC-T6, a rat hepatic stellate cell line, was used as an in ...AIM: To examine the protective effect of green tea extract (GT) on hepatic fi brosis in vitro and in vivo in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced rats.METHODS: HSC-T6, a rat hepatic stellate cell line, was used as an in vitro assay system. Cell proliferation, collagen content, and type 1 collagen expression were examined in activated HSC-T6 cells. Collagen was determined by estimating the hydroxyproline content. In rats with DMN-induced hepatic fi brosis, serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase concentrations, liver hydroxyproline and lipid peroxides were determined. Pathologic changes were examined by hematoxylin & eosin staining.RESULTS: GT administration prevented the development of hepatic fibrosis in the rat model of DMN-induced liver fi brosis. These results were confi rmed both by liver histology and by quantitative measurement of hepatic hydroxyproline content, a marker of liver collagen deposition. Accordingly, inhibition of proliferation, reduced collagen deposition, and type 1 collagen expression were observed in activated HSC-T6 cells following GT treatment. These results imply that GT reduced the proliferation of activated HSC and down regulated the collagen content and expression of collagen type 1, thereby ameliorating hepatic fibrosis.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that greentea administration can effectively improve liver fibrosis caused by DMN, and may be used as a therapeutic option and preventive measure against hepatic f ibrosis.展开更多
The objective of this study is to develop a model that determines the optimal points for investment in green management by defining a mathematical relationship between carbon trading profits and investments in green m...The objective of this study is to develop a model that determines the optimal points for investment in green management by defining a mathematical relationship between carbon trading profits and investments in green management using a company’s supply chain information. To formulate this model, we first define and analyze a green supply chain in a multi-dimensional and quantitative manner. The green investment alternatives considering in our model are as follows: 1) purchasing eco-friendly raw materials that cost more than conventional raw materials but whose use in production results in lower CO2 emissions;2) replacing current facilities with new eco-friendly facilities that have the capability to reduce CO2 emissions;and 3) changing modes of transport from less eco-friendly to more eco-friendly modes. We propose a green investment cost optimization (GICO) model that enables us to determine the optimal investment points. The proposed GICO model can support decision-making processes in green supply chain management environments.展开更多
On the basis of input-output table of Henan Province and China in 2007,this paper advances a simple method of constructing two-region input-output model using MRIO model,to research the economic link between the indus...On the basis of input-output table of Henan Province and China in 2007,this paper advances a simple method of constructing two-region input-output model using MRIO model,to research the economic link between the industries of Henan Province and the industries of other regions.I summarize the characteristics of this method based on this as follows:when researching inter-regional economic link,the multi-region or two-region input-output model has prominent superiority,and we can conduct preliminary estimation on the multi-region input-output model using location quotient approach.展开更多
Energy has laid material foundation for human society during its development. Meanwhile, any change of price in the energy industry may influence social production and people’s life at all levels via an input-output ...Energy has laid material foundation for human society during its development. Meanwhile, any change of price in the energy industry may influence social production and people’s life at all levels via an input-output mechanism under which the change related to energy is surely transmitted to other industries. The price change thus incurred in all industries may adversely affect the realization of macroeconomic objective-maintaining prices at a stable level. It is, therefore, needed to conduct an empirical research related to the impact of price change in energy industry on that in other industries. According to the data coming from “China’s 2015 Input-Output Extension Table (42 Departments)” and four hypothetical basis, this article focuses on four energy sectors and analyzes how deeply the price change of them, by use of input-output model, affects that of other industrial products under five conditions where each of their price rises by 10% individually or simultaneously, and why such an influence occurs. The results show that the price rising of the energies in question leads to an upward growth in the prices of other industrial products, especially when their prices go up simultaneously. Besides, the price increase in the four energy sectors doesn’t influence other industries in an accumulation form but actually leads to a rollback in some of other industries. It is recommended to adopt diversified pricing strategies for different energy products, thus maximizing the value of each specific energy, and meanwhile achieving the goals of energy consumption reduction and price equilibrium.展开更多
In the context of the new urbanization,the characteristic town,as a new hotspot to developing rapidly to explore the industry,humanities,community integration town model,a urbanization and high-tech industry developme...In the context of the new urbanization,the characteristic town,as a new hotspot to developing rapidly to explore the industry,humanities,community integration town model,a urbanization and high-tech industry development booster,by the government and developers attention.At the same time,the green development model applies to the characteristic town of industrial upgrading and transformation,guiding the future characteristic town of green economic industry development direction.This paper studies the green development model of the characteristic town,and puts forward the implementation of the green industry through the greening industry structure,promoting green consumption and optimizing the green management.展开更多
基金supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project(No.21DZ1201502)Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment(Shanghai Environ-mental Science[2023]No.40)+1 种基金the Interdisciplinary Joint Research Project of Tongji University(No.2022-4-YB-12)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project(No.22DZ2200200).
文摘Over the past century,advancements in chemistry have significantly propelled human innovation,enhancing both industrial and consumer products.However,this rapid progression has resulted in chemical pollution increasingly surpassing planetary boundaries,as production and release rates have outpaced our monitoring capabilities.To catalyze more impactful efforts,this study transitions from traditional chemical assessment to inverse chemical design,introducing a generative graph latent diffusion model aimed at discovering safer alternatives.In a case study on the design of green solvents for cyclohexane/benzene extraction distillation,we constructed a design database encompassing functional,environmental hazards,and process constraints.Virtual screening of previous design dataset revealed distinct trade-off trends between these design requirements.Based on the screening outcomes,an unconstrained generative model was developed,which covered a broader chemical space and demonstrated superior capabilities for structural interpolation and extrapolation.To further optimize molecular generation towards desired properties,a multi-objective latent diffusion method was applied,yielding 19 candidate molecules.Of these,7 were identified in PubChem as the most viable green solvent candidates,while the remaining 12 as potential novel candidates.Overall,this study effectively designed green solvent candidates for safer and more sustainable industrial production,setting a promising precedent for the development of environmentally friendly alternatives in other areas of chemical research.
基金2024 Academic Research of Zhejiang Technical Institute of Economics:“Spillover Effects of Multimodal AI Agents on Green School Development”(Project No.:X2024038)2024-2025 Research and Creative Project,Department of Culture and Tourism:“The Application of Digital Information Technology in Safety Early Warning and Supervision of Cultural Relics in Zhejiang,China”(Project No.:2024KYY045)2024 General Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education:“Empirical Research on Low-Carbon Economy Driving the Development of New Quality Productivity:A Case Study of Zhejiang Province”(Project No.:Y202456145)。
文摘The integration of Green Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies into educational systems offers a promising avenue to enhance operational efficiency while addressing sustainability challenges.Through a rigorous three-phase methodology combining literature review,AI agent development,and participatory workshop-based case analysis,this paper highlights the pivotal role of AI agents,as applications of Green AI technologies,in driving transformative outcomes within schools.By directly improving self-learning efficiency and reducing learning costs for students,enhancing management and service efficiency,reducing labor costs for schools,as well as minimizing resource dependence for both teachers and students,AI agents create a foundation for sustainable operations.These direct effects generate positive spillover effects,cascading into broader outcomes,including innovation performance,economic efficiency,and environmental sustainability,aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).By presenting a comprehensive conceptual model,this study demonstrates the pathways through which Green AI contributes to sustainable development in education and emphasizes its critical role in bridging technological innovation with sustainability.This framework provides significant theoretical insights for further empirical research while offering actionable strategies for policymakers and educators to harness Green AI for building sustainable schools with a student-centered approach.
基金financial support from the Joint Funds of the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.U22A20232)Supported by Open Project Funding of Key Laboratory of Intelligent Health Perception and Ecological Restoration of Rivers and Lakes,Ministry of Education(HGKFZ07)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51978249)Innovation Research Team Project of the Hubei Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2025AFA020)the International Collaborative Research Fund for Young Scholars in the Innovation Demonstration Base of Ecological Environment Geotechnical and Ecological Restoration of Rivers and Lakes.
文摘The traditional Green-Ampt model does not accurately represent the infiltration behavior of clay soils.Infiltration in clay is influenced by low hydraulic conductivity,strong capillary forces,and a gradual transition zone between saturated and unsaturated zones.These factors often lead to overestimated infiltration rates and underestimated infiltration durations.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the model to better reflect the characteristics of clay infiltration and enhance its predictive accuracy and practical applicability.This study conducts hydraulic characterization tests,one-dimensional soil column rainfall infiltration experiments,and numerical analysis on a representative clay sampled from Wuhan,China,to investigate infiltration behaviors under varying rainfall intensities and initial moisture conditions.The study reveals that the proportion of the transition layer within the wetting layer decreases with increasing wetting front depth,following a power-law function.Under the same initial moisture content,this proportion tends to converge to a stable value regardless of rainfall intensity.In contrast,under the same rainfall intensity,a higher initial moisture content leads to a larger proportion of the transition layer at a given wetting front depth.Based on the NMR curve,the unsaturated permeability coefficients corresponding to different volumetric water contents of clay can be obtained quickly,accurately,and at low cost.By utilizing the unsaturated permeability coefficient prediction model based on the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)curve,the study refines the computational method for the equivalent permeability coefficient in the wetting layer during clay rainfall infiltration,and proposes an improved clay Green-Ampt infiltration model that considers the saturated-unsaturated differentiation layer and the dynamic variation of its equivalent permeability coefficient under continuous rainfall conditions.The computational results of the improved model were compared with measured infiltration data,numerical simulations,and predictions from the traditional GA model.The results indicate that the improved model effectively captures the dynamic variation between the transition layer and wetting layer and provides more accurate predictions of wetting front depth in clay,with an accuracy approximately 68.36%higher than that of the traditional GA model.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42571228,42401212)National Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(No.ZR2024MD022)。
文摘Green innovation is an important driving force for high-quality development and an important guarantee for the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China.However,research on green innovation is still insufficient.Using the super-efficiency epsilon-based measure Malmquist model,kernel density estimation,and spatial econometric model,this study investigated the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of green innovation efficiency(GIE)in Northeast China from 2005 to 2020.The results reveal that:1)The GIE in Northeast China has obvious phased characteristics,where 2005-2011 was a period of fluctuating decline while 2012-2020 was a period of fluctuating increase,reflecting the severe resource and environmental constraints faced by the green innovation process.2)The GIE in the Northeast China has a significant spatial dependence,which has not formed a relatively stable spatial club feature.The process for improving the GIE in the Northeast China in the future is still arduous and far off.3)The interweaving and mutual influence of nonequilibrium factors have led to the diversity and complexity of the spatiotemporal pattern evolution of GIE.Overall,the level of economic development and industrial structure has a positive effect,while foreign investment and industrial agglomeration have a negative effect.The direct effects of government regulation,resource endowment,science and technology,environmental regulation,and urbanization are not significant.The research conclusion of this article can provide important reference for the revitalization of Northeast China.
文摘The economics’ ecological modernization approach based on the input-output balance model is considered in the paper. The government measures on Russian Federation’s transition to green economy on reducing of greenhouse gas emissions are analyzed. In an article for green economy evaluation, including greenhouse gas emissions per capita and per unit of GDP, the indicator of the production environmental costs is proposed to include. The authors suppose adding and to modernize the Leontief-Ford model of input-output balance by economic evaluation of the environment pollution effects. This model is proposed to consider macro-economic assessment of environmental damage, health deterioration due to environmental pollution, as well as the use costs of the environmentally friendly technologies, the environmental and energy innovations’ implementation, climate change. The proposed modified model of environmentally oriented input-output balance can be used in the economic compensation system implementation on natural capital use and ecosystem services’ consuming in countries and their regions. The modified Leontief-Ford model proposed in the paper can be used for green economy development calculating, for example in Russia during the development of measures for the environment and economic development. Also this paper opens discussions for opportunities of the further possible integration of the theoretical models for environment protection decision-making.
文摘A class of nonlinear and continuous type Leontief model and its corresponding conditional input-output equation are introduced, and two basic problems under the so called positive or negative boundary assumption are presented. By approaches of nonlinear analysis some solvability results of this equation and continuous perturbation properties of the relative solution sets are obtained, and some economic significance are illustrated by the remark.
基金Project(2009ZX04004-031-04) supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘Compaction process simulation and residual stress prediction of green PM compact were carried out with elasto-plastic 3D FEA based on the modified Drueker-Prager Cap model in Abaqus. The model parameters of the investigated powder Distaloy AE were determined as functions of relative density through typical mechanical property tests of powder. The model was implemented as a user subroutine USDFLD. Single sided compaction of a d20 ram^5 mm disk green compact of Distaloy AE was simulated, and the residual stress of the disk after ejection was predicted with FEA. The FEA results of the compaction process and the residual stress of the disk show good agreement with compaction experiments and X-ray diffraction measurements, which validates the model and its parameters. The results indicate that the compressive residual stresses exist mainly in a thin layer on the side surface, but the residual stresses are very small on the top and bottom surfaces.
文摘BACKGROUND: The indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test (clearance rate (K) and retention rate at 15 minutes (R(15))) is a sensitive indicator to evaluate liver function. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score has emerged as a useful tool for estimating the mortality of patients awaiting liver transplantation and has recently been validated on patients with liver diseases of various etiologies and severity. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the ICG clearance test and MELD score of patients with liver cirrhosis. METHODS: From June 2007 to March 2008, 52 patients with liver cirrhosis admitted to our center were classified into Child-Pugh class A (8 patients), B (14) and C (30). The ICG clearance test (K value and R(15)) was performed by ICG pulse spectrophotometry (DDG-3300K), and the MELD scores of patients were calculated. RESULTS: As the Child-Pugh classification of liver function gradually deteriorated, the K value decreased, while R(15) and MELD score increased. There were significant statistical differences in K value, R(15) and MELD score in patients with different Child-Pugh classifications. Significant correlations were found between the parameters of the ICG clearance test (K value and R(15)) and MELD score. A negative correlation was observed between K value and MELD score (r=-0.892, P < 0.05), while a positive correlation was observed between R(15) and MELD score (r=0.804, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The ICG clearance test and MELD score are good parameters for evaluating liver function. Moreover, K value and R(15) have significant correlations with MELD score, especially the K value, which may be a convenient and appropriate indicator to evaluate liver function of patients with liver cirrhosis.
文摘Pursuing the green manufacturing (GM) of products i s very beneficial in the alleviation of environment burdens. In order to reap such benefits, green manufacturing is involved in every aspect of manufacturing proc esses. During the machining process, cutting fluid is one of the main roots of e nvironmental pollution. And how to make an optimal selection for cutting fluid f or GM is an important path to reduce the environmental pollution. The objective factors of decision-making problems in the traditional selection of cutting flu id are usually two: quality and cost. But from the viewpoint of GM, environmenta l impact (E) should be considered together. In this paper, a multi-object d ecision-making model of cutting fluid selection for GM is put forward, in which the objects of Quality (Q), Cost(C) and Environmental impact (E) are considered together. In this model, E means to minimize the environmental impact, Q means to maximize the quality and C means to minimize the cost. Each objective is anal yzed in detail too. A case study on a decision-making problem of cutting fluid selection in a gear hobbing process is analyzed, and the result shows the model is practical.
基金supported by the Faculty of Engineering and the Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of ThailandOffice of the Higher Education Commission and the Faculty of Engineering,Khon Kaen University,Thailand
文摘In Northeast Thailand, the climate change has resulted in erratic rainfall and tem- perature patterns. The region has experienced both periods of drought and seasonal floods with the increasing severity. This study investigated the seasonal variation of vegetation greenness based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） in major land cover types in the region. An assessment of the relationship between climate patterns and vegeta- tion conditions observed from NDVI was made. NDVI data were collected from year 2001 to 2009 using multi-temporal Terra MODIS Vegetation Indices Product （MOD13Q1）. NDVI pro- files were developed to measure vegetation dynamics and variation according to land cover types. Meteorological information, i.e. rainfall and temperature, for a 30 year time span from 1980 to 2009 was analyzed for their patterns. Furthermore, the data taken from the period of 2001-2009, were digitally encoded into GIS database and the spatial patterns of monthly rainfall and temperature maps were generated based on kriging technique. The results showed a decreasing trend in NDVI values for both deciduous and evergreen forests. The highest productivity and biomass were observed in dry evergreen forests and the lowest in paddy fields. Temperature was found to be increasing slightly from 1980 to 2009 while no significant trends in rainfall amounts were observed. In dry evergreen forest, NDVI was not correlated with rainfall but was significant negatively correlated with temperature. These re- sults indicated that the overall productivity in dry evergreen forest was affected by increasing temperatures. A vegetation greenness model was developed from correlations between NDVI and meteorological data using linear regression. The model could be used to observe the change in vegetation greenness and dynamics affected by temperature and rainfall.
基金These research results are part of a key international cooperation project carried out during 2003 and 2005 and financially supported by SINOPEC.
文摘In recent years, with the development of terrestrial sequence stratigraphy, more attention has been focused on the study of the terrestrial lacustrine sequence stratigraphic model globally. Different viewpoints are preferred by researchers. Under the guidance of the theory of sequence stratigraphy, the findings of this paper indicate that climate is a major factor controlling the formation of the fourth-order sequence, based upon the study of the sequence stratigraphy in the Green River Formation of the Uinta basin in the USA. It also divides the fourth-order sequence in the terrestrial lacustrine basin into two system tracts： the wet （rising） half-cycle and the dry （falling） half- cycle, establishing a new-style fourth-order sequence stratigraphic model for the terrestrial lacustrine basin, that is, the climate-genetic sequence stratigraphic model. As a result, the theory of sequence stratigraphy is greatly enriched.
基金supported by the Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest,China(20110300501-01)the Special Fund for First-Class University (4572-18101510)
文摘Green manure use in China has declined rapidly since the 1980 s with the extensive use of chemical fertilizers.The deterioration of field environments and the demand for green agricultural products have resulted in more attention to green manure.Human intervention and policy-oriented behaviors likely have large impacts on promoting green manure planting.However,little information is available regarding on where,at what rates,and in which ways（i.e.,intercropping green manure in orchards or rotating green manure in cropland） to develop green manure and what benefits could be gained by incorporating green manure in fields at the county scale.This paper presents the conversion of land use and its effects at small region extent（CLUE-S） model,which is specifically developed for the simulation of land use changes originally,to predict spatial distribution of green manure in cropland and orchards in 2020 in Pinggu District located in Beijing,China.Four types of land use for planting or not planting green manure were classified and the future land use dynamics（mainly croplands and orchards） were considered in the prediction.Two scenarios were used to predict the spatial distribution of green manure based on data from 2011：The promotion of green manure planting in orchards（scenario 1） and the promotion of simultaneous green manure planting in orchards and croplands（scenario 2）.The predictions were generally accurate based on the receiver operating characteristic（ROC） and Kappa indices,which validated the effectiveness of the CLUE-S model in the prediction.In addition,the spatial distribution of the green manure was acquired,which indicated that green manure mainly located in the orchards of the middle and southern regions of Dahuashan,the western and southern regions of Wangxinzhuang,the middle region of Shandongzhuang,the eastern region of Pinggu and the middle region of Xiagezhuang under scenario 1.Green manure planting under scenario 2 occurred in orchards in the middle region of Wangxinzhuang,and croplands in most regions of Daxingzhuang,southern Pinggu,northern Xiagezhuang and most of Mafang.The spatially explicit results allowed for the assessment of the benefits of these changes based on different economic and ecological indicators.The economic and ecological gains of scenarios 1 and 2 were 175691 900 and143000 300 CNY,respectively,which indicated that the first scenario was more beneficial for promoting the same area of green manure.These results can facilitate policies of promoting green manure and guide the extensive use of green manure in local agricultural production in suitable ways.
文摘AIM: To examine the protective effect of green tea extract (GT) on hepatic fi brosis in vitro and in vivo in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced rats.METHODS: HSC-T6, a rat hepatic stellate cell line, was used as an in vitro assay system. Cell proliferation, collagen content, and type 1 collagen expression were examined in activated HSC-T6 cells. Collagen was determined by estimating the hydroxyproline content. In rats with DMN-induced hepatic fi brosis, serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase concentrations, liver hydroxyproline and lipid peroxides were determined. Pathologic changes were examined by hematoxylin & eosin staining.RESULTS: GT administration prevented the development of hepatic fibrosis in the rat model of DMN-induced liver fi brosis. These results were confi rmed both by liver histology and by quantitative measurement of hepatic hydroxyproline content, a marker of liver collagen deposition. Accordingly, inhibition of proliferation, reduced collagen deposition, and type 1 collagen expression were observed in activated HSC-T6 cells following GT treatment. These results imply that GT reduced the proliferation of activated HSC and down regulated the collagen content and expression of collagen type 1, thereby ameliorating hepatic fibrosis.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that greentea administration can effectively improve liver fibrosis caused by DMN, and may be used as a therapeutic option and preventive measure against hepatic f ibrosis.
文摘The objective of this study is to develop a model that determines the optimal points for investment in green management by defining a mathematical relationship between carbon trading profits and investments in green management using a company’s supply chain information. To formulate this model, we first define and analyze a green supply chain in a multi-dimensional and quantitative manner. The green investment alternatives considering in our model are as follows: 1) purchasing eco-friendly raw materials that cost more than conventional raw materials but whose use in production results in lower CO2 emissions;2) replacing current facilities with new eco-friendly facilities that have the capability to reduce CO2 emissions;and 3) changing modes of transport from less eco-friendly to more eco-friendly modes. We propose a green investment cost optimization (GICO) model that enables us to determine the optimal investment points. The proposed GICO model can support decision-making processes in green supply chain management environments.
基金Supported by Project of Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(112400410017)Project of Henan Provincial Department of Education(2010-QN-008)
文摘On the basis of input-output table of Henan Province and China in 2007,this paper advances a simple method of constructing two-region input-output model using MRIO model,to research the economic link between the industries of Henan Province and the industries of other regions.I summarize the characteristics of this method based on this as follows:when researching inter-regional economic link,the multi-region or two-region input-output model has prominent superiority,and we can conduct preliminary estimation on the multi-region input-output model using location quotient approach.
文摘Energy has laid material foundation for human society during its development. Meanwhile, any change of price in the energy industry may influence social production and people’s life at all levels via an input-output mechanism under which the change related to energy is surely transmitted to other industries. The price change thus incurred in all industries may adversely affect the realization of macroeconomic objective-maintaining prices at a stable level. It is, therefore, needed to conduct an empirical research related to the impact of price change in energy industry on that in other industries. According to the data coming from “China’s 2015 Input-Output Extension Table (42 Departments)” and four hypothetical basis, this article focuses on four energy sectors and analyzes how deeply the price change of them, by use of input-output model, affects that of other industrial products under five conditions where each of their price rises by 10% individually or simultaneously, and why such an influence occurs. The results show that the price rising of the energies in question leads to an upward growth in the prices of other industrial products, especially when their prices go up simultaneously. Besides, the price increase in the four energy sectors doesn’t influence other industries in an accumulation form but actually leads to a rollback in some of other industries. It is recommended to adopt diversified pricing strategies for different energy products, thus maximizing the value of each specific energy, and meanwhile achieving the goals of energy consumption reduction and price equilibrium.
基金supported by the Project for Master Degree Candidate at Guizhou University of Finance and Economics(Grant No.2017YAN128)
文摘In the context of the new urbanization,the characteristic town,as a new hotspot to developing rapidly to explore the industry,humanities,community integration town model,a urbanization and high-tech industry development booster,by the government and developers attention.At the same time,the green development model applies to the characteristic town of industrial upgrading and transformation,guiding the future characteristic town of green economic industry development direction.This paper studies the green development model of the characteristic town,and puts forward the implementation of the green industry through the greening industry structure,promoting green consumption and optimizing the green management.
