We used high-pass filtering and the Fourier transform to analyze tidal gravity data prior to five earthquakes from four superconducting gravity stations around the world. A stable gravitational perturbation signal is ...We used high-pass filtering and the Fourier transform to analyze tidal gravity data prior to five earthquakes from four superconducting gravity stations around the world. A stable gravitational perturbation signal is received within a few days before the earthquakes. The gravitational perturbation signal before the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008 has main frequency of 0.1–0.3 Hz, and the other four have frequency bands of 0.12-0.17 Hz and 0.06-0.085 Hz. For earthquakes in continental and oceanic plate fault zones, gravity anomalies often appear on the superconducting gravimeters away from the epicenter, whereas the stations near the epicenter record small or no anomalies. The results suggest that this kind of gravitational perturbation signals correlate with earthquake occurrence, making them potentially useful earthquake predictors. The far-field effect of the gravitational perturbation signals may reveal the interaction mechanisms of the Earth’s tectonic plates. However, owing to the uneven distribution of gravity tide stations, the results need to be further confirmed in the future.展开更多
The effects of RKM in comparison with pectin, algin and agar on lipid levels in serum and liver and on liver histopathology in rats were studied. In addition, the effects of all the tested materials on the composition...The effects of RKM in comparison with pectin, algin and agar on lipid levels in serum and liver and on liver histopathology in rats were studied. In addition, the effects of all the tested materials on the composition and output of fecal bile acid were observed. All four kinds of dietary fiber were given at a level of 5% of diet to young male rats of Wistar strain fed on a lipid-rich diet contalning 5 % lard, 1% cholesteral and 0. 25 % cholate. All the dietary fibers tested have similar effects on serum lipid composition. In all groups, these substances prevent ed increases in total cholesterol in fasting serum, but the level of triglyceride was tmchangd.The concentrations of totaI cholesterol and triglyceride in the liver were lower in the RKM group than in the control group and the other three groups. Hepatic histopathological exami nation also showed the most significant lipotropic effect in the RKM group. The daily output of fecal bile acids (CDCA+GDCA) was significantly increased in the four experimental groups than in the normal group and the control group. The increase of CDCA was more significant than GDCA, suggesting that the increase of fecal bile acids, especially CDCA, may be one of the mechanisms by which RKM and the other three dietary fibers exerts a hypocholesterolemic effect展开更多
In 1992,E.E.Podkletnov and R.Nieminen found that under certain conditions,ceramic superconductor with composite structure reveals weak shielding properties against gravitational force.In classical Newton's theory ...In 1992,E.E.Podkletnov and R.Nieminen found that under certain conditions,ceramic superconductor with composite structure reveals weak shielding properties against gravitational force.In classical Newton's theory of gravity and even in Einstein's general theory of gravity,there are no grounds of gravitational shielding effects.But in quantum gauge theory of gravity,the gravitational shielding effects can be explained in a simple and natural way.In quantum gauge theory of gravity,gravitational gauge interactions of complex scalar field can be formulated based on gauge principle.After spontaneous symmetry breaking,if the vacuum of the complex scalar field is not stable and uniform,there will be a mass term of gravitational gauge field.When gravitational gauge field propagates in this unstable vacuum of the complex scalar field,it will decays exponentially,which is the nature of gravitational shielding effects.The mechanism of gravitational shielding effects is studied in this paper,and some main properties of gravitational shielding effects are discussed.展开更多
Direct numerical simulations of two-dimensional gravity currents with small and medium density variations are performed using different non-Boussinesq buoyancy approximations. Taking the full low-Machnumber approximat...Direct numerical simulations of two-dimensional gravity currents with small and medium density variations are performed using different non-Boussinesq buoyancy approximations. Taking the full low-Machnumber approximation as the reference, the accuracy of several buoyancy terms are examined. It is found that all considered buoyancy terms performed well in the cases with small density variation. In the cases with medium density variation, the classical gravitational Boussinesq’s buoyancy term showed the lack of accuracy, and a simple correction did not make any improvement. In contrast, the recently introduced second-order buoyancy term showed a significantly higher accuracy. The present results and our previous derivations indicate that simple algebraic buoyancy approximations extended from the Boussinesq’s gravitational buoyancy are unlikely to achieve an accuracy beyond first order. Instead, it seems necessary to solve at least one extra Poisson equation for buoyancy terms to capture the higher-order baroclinic effect. An approximate analysis is also provided to show the leading term of the non-Boussinesq effect corresponding to gravity.展开更多
Embodiment theories proposed that the comprehension of language involves sensory-motor simulation in the brain.The present study examined the brain response to motor compatibility effect in comprehending action-relate...Embodiment theories proposed that the comprehension of language involves sensory-motor simulation in the brain.The present study examined the brain response to motor compatibility effect in comprehending action-related linguistic materials for participants learning Chinese as a second language(L2).In this study,participants are required to read action-related sentences describing an agent performing two manual actions simultaneously or sequentially by manipulating temporal conjunctions.The sentences with simultaneous actions are marked by Chinese parallel structure一边……一边……(“while”)showing non-congruent motor condition while the sequential action sentences are marked by先……然后……(“after”)showing congruent motor condition.Event-Related Potentials(ERPs)were recorded with the second verb phrase.A larger fronto-central late positivity was observed for the sentences with simultaneous actions rather than the sentences with sequential actions due to body constraints,revealing that late L2 Chinese learners integrate embodied knowledge while processing action-related complex sentence despite demanding more cognitive resources,and longer processing time.展开更多
The therapeutic actions of Qing Luo Yin (QLY清络饮) with heat property and Wen Luo Yin (WLY温络饮) with cold property on pain, swelling of the ankle, arthritis index and ultrastructures of synoviocytes were compared i...The therapeutic actions of Qing Luo Yin (QLY清络饮) with heat property and Wen Luo Yin (WLY温络饮) with cold property on pain, swelling of the ankle, arthritis index and ultrastructures of synoviocytes were compared in rats of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), with tripterygium glycosidorum (TG) used as control. The results indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce pain, swelling of the ankle and the arthritis index of CIA, and QLY had better effects in reducing the swelling of the ankle and controlling the secondary pathological lesions as compared with WLY. Investigation on the ultrastructures of synoviocytes indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce the number of Golgi apparatus, rough surface endoplasmic reticulum, dense bodies, matrix filaments and vacuoles so as to suppress the excessive secretion of synoviocytes in rats of CIA.展开更多
The complex geographical environment in China makes its gravity signals miscellaneous.This work gives a comprehensive representation and explanation in secular trend of gravity change in different regions,the key feat...The complex geographical environment in China makes its gravity signals miscellaneous.This work gives a comprehensive representation and explanation in secular trend of gravity change in different regions,the key features of which include positive trend in inner Tibet Plateau and South China and negative trend in North China plain and high mountain Asia（HMA）.We also present the patterns of amplitudes and phases of annual and semiannual change.The mechanism underlying the semiannual period is explicitly discussed.The displacement in three directions expressed in terms of geo-potential spherical coefficients and load Love numbers are given.A case study applied with these equations is presented.The results show that Global Positioning System（GPS） observations can be used to compare with Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment（GRACE） derived displacement and the vertical direction has a signal-noise-ratio of about one order of magnitude larger than the horizontal directions.展开更多
A high accuracy test of the weak equivalence principle（WEP） is of great scientific significance no matter whether its result is positive. We analyze the gravity gradient effect which is a main systematic error sourc...A high accuracy test of the weak equivalence principle（WEP） is of great scientific significance no matter whether its result is positive. We analyze the gravity gradient effect which is a main systematic error source in the test of WEP.The result shows that the uncompensated gravity gradient effect from the coupling term of the dominated gravity gradient multipole moment component q_（21） and the relative multipole field component Q_（21） contributes to an uncertainty of 1×10^（-11） on the E otv os parameter. We make a Q_（21） compensation to reduce the effect by about 20 times, and the limit of the test precision due to this coupling is improved to a level of a part in 10^（13）.展开更多
Summary： The effect of acute ischemia on the electrophysiological characteristics of the three layers myocardium of canine in vivo was investigated. Twelve canines were divided into two groups randomly： acute ischem...Summary： The effect of acute ischemia on the electrophysiological characteristics of the three layers myocardium of canine in vivo was investigated. Twelve canines were divided into two groups randomly： acute ischemia （AI） group and sham operation （SO） group. By using the monophasic action potential （MAP） technique, MAP and effective refractory period （ERP） of the three layers myocardium were measured by specially designed plunge needle electrodes and the transmural dispersion of repolarization （TDR） and transmural dispersion of ERP （TDE） were analyzed. The results showed that in the AI group, MAP duration （MAPD） was shortened from 201.67±21.42 ms to 169.50±13.81 ms （P〈0.05）, but ERP prolonged to varying degrees and TDE increased during ischemia. In the SO group, MAPD and ERP did not change almost. Among of the three layers myocardium of canine, MAPD was coincident in two groups. It was concluded that during acute ischemia, MAPD was shortened sharply, but there was no significant difference among of the three layers myocardium. The prolonged ERP was concomitant with increased TDE during acute ischemia, which may play an important role in the occurrence of arrhythmias induced by acute ischemia. These findings may have important implications in arrhythmogenesis.展开更多
Based on unified theory of electromagnetic interactions and gravitational interactions, the non-relativistic limit of the equation of motion of a charged Dirac particle in gravitational field is studied. From the Schr...Based on unified theory of electromagnetic interactions and gravitational interactions, the non-relativistic limit of the equation of motion of a charged Dirac particle in gravitational field is studied. From the Schroedinger equation obtained from this non-relativistic limit, we can see that the classical Newtonian gravitational potential appears as a part of the potential in the Schroedinger equation, which can explain the gravitational phase effects found in COW experiments. And because of this Newtonian gravitational potential, a quantum particle in the earth＇s gravitational field may form a gravitationally bound quantized state, which has already been detected in experiments. Three different kinds of phase effects related to gravitational interactions are studied in this paper, and these phase effects should be observable in some astrophysical processes. Besides, there exists direct coupling between gravitomagnetic field and quantum spin, and radiation caused by this coupling can be used to directly determine the gravitomagnetic field on the surface of a star.展开更多
We construct a general braneworld inflation scenario where the inflaton field evolves on the DGP brahe and curvature effects are taken into account via incorporation of the Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk action. While ...We construct a general braneworld inflation scenario where the inflaton field evolves on the DGP brahe and curvature effects are taken into account via incorporation of the Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk action. While induced gravity on the DGP brane modifies the IR limit of general relativity, the Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk action modifies the UV sector of the theory. In this setup, the dynamics of perturbations on the brane are studied with details and some confrontation with recent observations are discussed. While the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet inflation scenario favors only a red spectrum of the scalar perturbation, pure DGP and GBIG inflation models have the capacity to realize the blue spectrum too. In addition, the GBIG inflation scenario in the large field limit requires a smaller number of e-folds than other proposed scenarios in the same situation. For the tensor-to-scalar ratio, the GBIG inflation scenario g/yes a better fit with observationally supported value of R≈ 0.24.展开更多
The finiteness of superstring theory at each order in perturbation theory is considered with respect to the ten-dimensional effective action. The quantum consistency of the ten-dimensional superstring effective action...The finiteness of superstring theory at each order in perturbation theory is considered with respect to the ten-dimensional effective action. The quantum consistency of the ten-dimensional superstring effective action is confirmed with an analysis of the perturbative expansion of the quartic sector. It is found to be compatible with the finiteness of reduced four-dimensional theory. Furthermore, implications for the validity of superstring perturbation theory at lower energies is considered.展开更多
Information on mechanisms and inheritance of resistance is critical to plan an effective strategy to breed for resistance to insect pests. Therefore, we evaluated a diverse array of chickpea genotypes (eight desi and ...Information on mechanisms and inheritance of resistance is critical to plan an effective strategy to breed for resistance to insect pests. Therefore, we evaluated a diverse array of chickpea genotypes (eight desi and one kabuli) with varying levels of resistance to the pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera to gain an understanding of the nature of gene action and possible maternal effects. The test genotypes were crossed in all possible combinations for a full diallel. The 72 F1s (36 direct and 36 reciprocal crosses) along with the parents were evaluated for resistance to H. armigera under field conditions, and for antibiosis mechanism of resistance (larval survival and larval weight gain) by using detached leaf assay under laboratory conditions, and grain yield under un-protected conditions in the field. Additive gene action governed the inheritance of resistance to H. armigera, while non-additive type of gene action was predominant for inheritance of antibiosis component of resistance (larval survival and larval weight) and grain yield. Greater magnitude of σ2 A(17.39 and 1.42) than σ2 D (3.93 and 1.21) indicated the preponderance of σ2 Ain inheritance of resistance to pod borer, H. armigera under laboratory and field conditions, respectively. There were no maternal effects for inheritance of resistance to pod borer and grain yield. Lines with significant gca effects for pod borer damage and grain yield were identified for further use in the resistance breeding program. The implications of the inheritance pattern of pod borer resistance and grain yield are discussed in the context of strategies to enhance pod borer resistance and grain yield in chickpea.展开更多
The effects of quantum gravity on spectroscopy for the charged rotating gravity’s rainbow are investigated in this paper.By utilizing an action invariant obtained from particles tunneling through the event horizon,th...The effects of quantum gravity on spectroscopy for the charged rotating gravity’s rainbow are investigated in this paper.By utilizing an action invariant obtained from particles tunneling through the event horizon,the entropy and area spectrum for the modified Kerr-Newman black hole are derived.The equally spaced entropy spectrum characteristic of Bekenstein’s original derivation is recovered.And,the entropy spectrum is independent of the energy of the test particles,although the gravity’s rainbow itself is the energy dependent.Such that,the quantum gravity effects of gravity’s rainbow has no influence on the entropy spectrum.On the other hand,due to the spacetime quantum effects,the obtained area spectrum is different from the original Bekenstein spectrum.It is not equidistant and is dependent on the horizon area.And that,by analyzing the area spectrum from a specific rainbow function,a minimum area with a Planck scale is derived for the event horizon.At this point,the area quantum is zero and the black hole radiation stops.Thus,the black hole remnant for the gravity’s rainbow is obtained from the area quantization.In addition,the entropy for the modified Kerr-Newman black hole is calculated and the quantum correction to the area law is obtained and discussed.展开更多
Based on the generalized uncertainty principle with maximum momentum arid minimal length, we discuss the equation of state of ideal ultra-relativistic Fermi gases at zero temperature. Maximum momentum avoids the probl...Based on the generalized uncertainty principle with maximum momentum arid minimal length, we discuss the equation of state of ideal ultra-relativistic Fermi gases at zero temperature. Maximum momentum avoids the problem that the Fermi degenerate pressure blows up since the increase of the Fermi energy is not limited. Applying this equation of state to the Tolman-Oppenheimer Volkoff （TOV） equation, the quantum gravitational effects on the cores of compact stars are discussed. In the center of compact stars, we obtain the singularity-free solution of the metric component, gtt ～-（1 ＋ 0.2185×r^2）. By numerically solving the TOV equation, we find that quantum gravity plays an important role in the region r～10^4α0（△x）min. Current observed masses of neutron stars indicate that the dimensionless parameter α0 cannot exceed 10^19.展开更多
In this paper we apply the assumption of our recent work in noncommutative scalar models to the noncommutative U（1） gauge theories. This assumption is that the noneommutative effects start to be visible continuously...In this paper we apply the assumption of our recent work in noncommutative scalar models to the noncommutative U（1） gauge theories. This assumption is that the noneommutative effects start to be visible continuously from a scale ANC and that below this scale the theory is a commutative one. Based on this assumption and using background field method and loop calculations, an effective action is derived for noncommutative U（1） gauge theory. It will be shown that the corresponding low energy effective theory is asymptotically free and that under this condition the noncommutative quadratic IR divergences will not appear. The effective theory contains higher dimensional terms, which become more important at high energies. These terms predict an elastic photon-photon scattering due to the noncommutativity of space. The coefficients of these higher dimensional terms also satisfy a positivity constraint indicating that in this theory the related diseases of superluminal signal propagating and bad analytic properties of S-matrix do not exist. In the last section, we will apply our method to the noncommutative extra dimension theories.展开更多
The geodetic and geophysical applications of Earth Gravity Field parameters computed from Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) are quite on the increase despite the inherent commission and omission errors of these models...The geodetic and geophysical applications of Earth Gravity Field parameters computed from Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) are quite on the increase despite the inherent commission and omission errors of these models. In view of this, this study focuses on refining and quantifying terrain-induced effects on Bouguer gravity anomalies computed directly from a total of seven recent GGMs. In the study, the Residual Terrain Model (RTM) technique was used to estimate the residual terrain effects that were added to the GGM-computed Bouguer gravity anomalies at the sixty test points in Enugu State, Nigeria. The computed residual terrain effects range from -24.6 to 37.5 mgal while the percentage of the omission errors of the GGMs based on their Root-Mean-Square (RMS) differences ranges from 7.8% to 44.7%. It can be concluded that GGM-refined Bouguer gravity anomalies are better in accuracy than the unrefined GGM-computed Bouguer gravity anomalies and hence there is need for accurate height information in the development of GGMs. We, therefore, recommend that refined Bouguer gravity anomalies obtained from HUST-Grace2016s, EIGEN-6C4 and GECO that gave best improvement amongst the seven GGMs under consideration should be used to supplement the available terrestrial Bouguer anomalies for geodetic and geophysical applications within the study area.展开更多
In this paper,we discuss some non-trivial relations for ordered exponentials on smooth Riemannian manifolds.As an example of application,we study the dependence of the four-dimensional quantum Yang–Mills effective ac...In this paper,we discuss some non-trivial relations for ordered exponentials on smooth Riemannian manifolds.As an example of application,we study the dependence of the four-dimensional quantum Yang–Mills effective action on the special gauge transformation with respect to the background field.Also,we formulate some open questions about a structure of divergences for a special type of regularization in the presence of the background field formalism.展开更多
Accumulation of enriched 235U-UO2F2 in the body had injurious effects on theimmune function of central and peripheral immune cells. After an intravenousinjection of beaU--UO,F,, the spontaneous ’H--TdR incorporation ...Accumulation of enriched 235U-UO2F2 in the body had injurious effects on theimmune function of central and peripheral immune cells. After an intravenousinjection of beaU--UO,F,, the spontaneous ’H--TdR incorporation in thymocytes andbone marrow cells decreased, with the thymocytes damaged more markedly. Theproliferation ability of spleen T and B lymphocytes were both inhibited, with Blymphocytes inhibited more severely. In spleen B lymphocytes the IL-- 1 production andIL--2 consumption were diminished. The inhibition of spleen B lymphocyteproliferation by 'U-- UOZFZ was partially restored by adding exogenous IL-- 1 or IL--2to the cultured lymphocytes obtained from 'U injected mice.展开更多
We first show that Doppler’s effect implies that the time runs identically in the frames of reference of the source of light and the observer. Furthermore, we then show that the frequency shift due to the (assumed) e...We first show that Doppler’s effect implies that the time runs identically in the frames of reference of the source of light and the observer. Furthermore, we then show that the frequency shift due to the (assumed) expansion of space, if any, is “indistinguishable” from that due to the motion of the source with respect to the observer;and that the shift does not depend on the distance to the source. Observed frequency shifts of cosmological sources then need to be interpreted as being only due to their motions with respect to us. This has important implications for our ideas in cosmology.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Fund of China Project(Nos.41174104 and 41472301)the Project of Innovation-driven Plan in Central South University(No.2015CX008)
文摘We used high-pass filtering and the Fourier transform to analyze tidal gravity data prior to five earthquakes from four superconducting gravity stations around the world. A stable gravitational perturbation signal is received within a few days before the earthquakes. The gravitational perturbation signal before the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008 has main frequency of 0.1–0.3 Hz, and the other four have frequency bands of 0.12-0.17 Hz and 0.06-0.085 Hz. For earthquakes in continental and oceanic plate fault zones, gravity anomalies often appear on the superconducting gravimeters away from the epicenter, whereas the stations near the epicenter record small or no anomalies. The results suggest that this kind of gravitational perturbation signals correlate with earthquake occurrence, making them potentially useful earthquake predictors. The far-field effect of the gravitational perturbation signals may reveal the interaction mechanisms of the Earth’s tectonic plates. However, owing to the uneven distribution of gravity tide stations, the results need to be further confirmed in the future.
文摘The effects of RKM in comparison with pectin, algin and agar on lipid levels in serum and liver and on liver histopathology in rats were studied. In addition, the effects of all the tested materials on the composition and output of fecal bile acid were observed. All four kinds of dietary fiber were given at a level of 5% of diet to young male rats of Wistar strain fed on a lipid-rich diet contalning 5 % lard, 1% cholesteral and 0. 25 % cholate. All the dietary fibers tested have similar effects on serum lipid composition. In all groups, these substances prevent ed increases in total cholesterol in fasting serum, but the level of triglyceride was tmchangd.The concentrations of totaI cholesterol and triglyceride in the liver were lower in the RKM group than in the control group and the other three groups. Hepatic histopathological exami nation also showed the most significant lipotropic effect in the RKM group. The daily output of fecal bile acids (CDCA+GDCA) was significantly increased in the four experimental groups than in the normal group and the control group. The increase of CDCA was more significant than GDCA, suggesting that the increase of fecal bile acids, especially CDCA, may be one of the mechanisms by which RKM and the other three dietary fibers exerts a hypocholesterolemic effect
文摘In 1992,E.E.Podkletnov and R.Nieminen found that under certain conditions,ceramic superconductor with composite structure reveals weak shielding properties against gravitational force.In classical Newton's theory of gravity and even in Einstein's general theory of gravity,there are no grounds of gravitational shielding effects.But in quantum gauge theory of gravity,the gravitational shielding effects can be explained in a simple and natural way.In quantum gauge theory of gravity,gravitational gauge interactions of complex scalar field can be formulated based on gauge principle.After spontaneous symmetry breaking,if the vacuum of the complex scalar field is not stable and uniform,there will be a mass term of gravitational gauge field.When gravitational gauge field propagates in this unstable vacuum of the complex scalar field,it will decays exponentially,which is the nature of gravitational shielding effects.The mechanism of gravitational shielding effects is studied in this paper,and some main properties of gravitational shielding effects are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 11822208,92152101,11772297,and 91852205)。
文摘Direct numerical simulations of two-dimensional gravity currents with small and medium density variations are performed using different non-Boussinesq buoyancy approximations. Taking the full low-Machnumber approximation as the reference, the accuracy of several buoyancy terms are examined. It is found that all considered buoyancy terms performed well in the cases with small density variation. In the cases with medium density variation, the classical gravitational Boussinesq’s buoyancy term showed the lack of accuracy, and a simple correction did not make any improvement. In contrast, the recently introduced second-order buoyancy term showed a significantly higher accuracy. The present results and our previous derivations indicate that simple algebraic buoyancy approximations extended from the Boussinesq’s gravitational buoyancy are unlikely to achieve an accuracy beyond first order. Instead, it seems necessary to solve at least one extra Poisson equation for buoyancy terms to capture the higher-order baroclinic effect. An approximate analysis is also provided to show the leading term of the non-Boussinesq effect corresponding to gravity.
文摘Embodiment theories proposed that the comprehension of language involves sensory-motor simulation in the brain.The present study examined the brain response to motor compatibility effect in comprehending action-related linguistic materials for participants learning Chinese as a second language(L2).In this study,participants are required to read action-related sentences describing an agent performing two manual actions simultaneously or sequentially by manipulating temporal conjunctions.The sentences with simultaneous actions are marked by Chinese parallel structure一边……一边……(“while”)showing non-congruent motor condition while the sequential action sentences are marked by先……然后……(“after”)showing congruent motor condition.Event-Related Potentials(ERPs)were recorded with the second verb phrase.A larger fronto-central late positivity was observed for the sentences with simultaneous actions rather than the sentences with sequential actions due to body constraints,revealing that late L2 Chinese learners integrate embodied knowledge while processing action-related complex sentence despite demanding more cognitive resources,and longer processing time.
文摘The therapeutic actions of Qing Luo Yin (QLY清络饮) with heat property and Wen Luo Yin (WLY温络饮) with cold property on pain, swelling of the ankle, arthritis index and ultrastructures of synoviocytes were compared in rats of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), with tripterygium glycosidorum (TG) used as control. The results indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce pain, swelling of the ankle and the arthritis index of CIA, and QLY had better effects in reducing the swelling of the ankle and controlling the secondary pathological lesions as compared with WLY. Investigation on the ultrastructures of synoviocytes indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce the number of Golgi apparatus, rough surface endoplasmic reticulum, dense bodies, matrix filaments and vacuoles so as to suppress the excessive secretion of synoviocytes in rats of CIA.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41174063,41331066 and41474059)the CAS/CAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams(KZZD-EW-TZ-19)the SKLGED Foundation(2014-1-1-E)
文摘The complex geographical environment in China makes its gravity signals miscellaneous.This work gives a comprehensive representation and explanation in secular trend of gravity change in different regions,the key features of which include positive trend in inner Tibet Plateau and South China and negative trend in North China plain and high mountain Asia（HMA）.We also present the patterns of amplitudes and phases of annual and semiannual change.The mechanism underlying the semiannual period is explicitly discussed.The displacement in three directions expressed in terms of geo-potential spherical coefficients and load Love numbers are given.A case study applied with these equations is presented.The results show that Global Positioning System（GPS） observations can be used to compare with Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment（GRACE） derived displacement and the vertical direction has a signal-noise-ratio of about one order of magnitude larger than the horizontal directions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11575160 and 11605065)
文摘A high accuracy test of the weak equivalence principle（WEP） is of great scientific significance no matter whether its result is positive. We analyze the gravity gradient effect which is a main systematic error source in the test of WEP.The result shows that the uncompensated gravity gradient effect from the coupling term of the dominated gravity gradient multipole moment component q_（21） and the relative multipole field component Q_（21） contributes to an uncertainty of 1×10^（-11） on the E otv os parameter. We make a Q_（21） compensation to reduce the effect by about 20 times, and the limit of the test precision due to this coupling is improved to a level of a part in 10^（13）.
文摘Summary： The effect of acute ischemia on the electrophysiological characteristics of the three layers myocardium of canine in vivo was investigated. Twelve canines were divided into two groups randomly： acute ischemia （AI） group and sham operation （SO） group. By using the monophasic action potential （MAP） technique, MAP and effective refractory period （ERP） of the three layers myocardium were measured by specially designed plunge needle electrodes and the transmural dispersion of repolarization （TDR） and transmural dispersion of ERP （TDE） were analyzed. The results showed that in the AI group, MAP duration （MAPD） was shortened from 201.67±21.42 ms to 169.50±13.81 ms （P〈0.05）, but ERP prolonged to varying degrees and TDE increased during ischemia. In the SO group, MAPD and ERP did not change almost. Among of the three layers myocardium of canine, MAPD was coincident in two groups. It was concluded that during acute ischemia, MAPD was shortened sharply, but there was no significant difference among of the three layers myocardium. The prolonged ERP was concomitant with increased TDE during acute ischemia, which may play an important role in the occurrence of arrhythmias induced by acute ischemia. These findings may have important implications in arrhythmogenesis.
文摘Based on unified theory of electromagnetic interactions and gravitational interactions, the non-relativistic limit of the equation of motion of a charged Dirac particle in gravitational field is studied. From the Schroedinger equation obtained from this non-relativistic limit, we can see that the classical Newtonian gravitational potential appears as a part of the potential in the Schroedinger equation, which can explain the gravitational phase effects found in COW experiments. And because of this Newtonian gravitational potential, a quantum particle in the earth＇s gravitational field may form a gravitationally bound quantized state, which has already been detected in experiments. Three different kinds of phase effects related to gravitational interactions are studied in this paper, and these phase effects should be observable in some astrophysical processes. Besides, there exists direct coupling between gravitomagnetic field and quantum spin, and radiation caused by this coupling can be used to directly determine the gravitomagnetic field on the surface of a star.
基金Kourosh Nozari is supported financially by the Science and Research Branch,Islamic Azad university,Mazandaran,Iran
文摘We construct a general braneworld inflation scenario where the inflaton field evolves on the DGP brahe and curvature effects are taken into account via incorporation of the Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk action. While induced gravity on the DGP brane modifies the IR limit of general relativity, the Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk action modifies the UV sector of the theory. In this setup, the dynamics of perturbations on the brane are studied with details and some confrontation with recent observations are discussed. While the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet inflation scenario favors only a red spectrum of the scalar perturbation, pure DGP and GBIG inflation models have the capacity to realize the blue spectrum too. In addition, the GBIG inflation scenario in the large field limit requires a smaller number of e-folds than other proposed scenarios in the same situation. For the tensor-to-scalar ratio, the GBIG inflation scenario g/yes a better fit with observationally supported value of R≈ 0.24.
文摘The finiteness of superstring theory at each order in perturbation theory is considered with respect to the ten-dimensional effective action. The quantum consistency of the ten-dimensional superstring effective action is confirmed with an analysis of the perturbative expansion of the quartic sector. It is found to be compatible with the finiteness of reduced four-dimensional theory. Furthermore, implications for the validity of superstring perturbation theory at lower energies is considered.
文摘Information on mechanisms and inheritance of resistance is critical to plan an effective strategy to breed for resistance to insect pests. Therefore, we evaluated a diverse array of chickpea genotypes (eight desi and one kabuli) with varying levels of resistance to the pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera to gain an understanding of the nature of gene action and possible maternal effects. The test genotypes were crossed in all possible combinations for a full diallel. The 72 F1s (36 direct and 36 reciprocal crosses) along with the parents were evaluated for resistance to H. armigera under field conditions, and for antibiosis mechanism of resistance (larval survival and larval weight gain) by using detached leaf assay under laboratory conditions, and grain yield under un-protected conditions in the field. Additive gene action governed the inheritance of resistance to H. armigera, while non-additive type of gene action was predominant for inheritance of antibiosis component of resistance (larval survival and larval weight) and grain yield. Greater magnitude of σ2 A(17.39 and 1.42) than σ2 D (3.93 and 1.21) indicated the preponderance of σ2 Ain inheritance of resistance to pod borer, H. armigera under laboratory and field conditions, respectively. There were no maternal effects for inheritance of resistance to pod borer and grain yield. Lines with significant gca effects for pod borer damage and grain yield were identified for further use in the resistance breeding program. The implications of the inheritance pattern of pod borer resistance and grain yield are discussed in the context of strategies to enhance pod borer resistance and grain yield in chickpea.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(No.LY14A030001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11373020)。
文摘The effects of quantum gravity on spectroscopy for the charged rotating gravity’s rainbow are investigated in this paper.By utilizing an action invariant obtained from particles tunneling through the event horizon,the entropy and area spectrum for the modified Kerr-Newman black hole are derived.The equally spaced entropy spectrum characteristic of Bekenstein’s original derivation is recovered.And,the entropy spectrum is independent of the energy of the test particles,although the gravity’s rainbow itself is the energy dependent.Such that,the quantum gravity effects of gravity’s rainbow has no influence on the entropy spectrum.On the other hand,due to the spacetime quantum effects,the obtained area spectrum is different from the original Bekenstein spectrum.It is not equidistant and is dependent on the horizon area.And that,by analyzing the area spectrum from a specific rainbow function,a minimum area with a Planck scale is derived for the event horizon.At this point,the area quantum is zero and the black hole radiation stops.Thus,the black hole remnant for the gravity’s rainbow is obtained from the area quantization.In addition,the entropy for the modified Kerr-Newman black hole is calculated and the quantum correction to the area law is obtained and discussed.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No ZYGX2009X008
文摘Based on the generalized uncertainty principle with maximum momentum arid minimal length, we discuss the equation of state of ideal ultra-relativistic Fermi gases at zero temperature. Maximum momentum avoids the problem that the Fermi degenerate pressure blows up since the increase of the Fermi energy is not limited. Applying this equation of state to the Tolman-Oppenheimer Volkoff （TOV） equation, the quantum gravitational effects on the cores of compact stars are discussed. In the center of compact stars, we obtain the singularity-free solution of the metric component, gtt ～-（1 ＋ 0.2185×r^2）. By numerically solving the TOV equation, we find that quantum gravity plays an important role in the region r～10^4α0（△x）min. Current observed masses of neutron stars indicate that the dimensionless parameter α0 cannot exceed 10^19.
文摘In this paper we apply the assumption of our recent work in noncommutative scalar models to the noncommutative U（1） gauge theories. This assumption is that the noneommutative effects start to be visible continuously from a scale ANC and that below this scale the theory is a commutative one. Based on this assumption and using background field method and loop calculations, an effective action is derived for noncommutative U（1） gauge theory. It will be shown that the corresponding low energy effective theory is asymptotically free and that under this condition the noncommutative quadratic IR divergences will not appear. The effective theory contains higher dimensional terms, which become more important at high energies. These terms predict an elastic photon-photon scattering due to the noncommutativity of space. The coefficients of these higher dimensional terms also satisfy a positivity constraint indicating that in this theory the related diseases of superluminal signal propagating and bad analytic properties of S-matrix do not exist. In the last section, we will apply our method to the noncommutative extra dimension theories.
文摘The geodetic and geophysical applications of Earth Gravity Field parameters computed from Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) are quite on the increase despite the inherent commission and omission errors of these models. In view of this, this study focuses on refining and quantifying terrain-induced effects on Bouguer gravity anomalies computed directly from a total of seven recent GGMs. In the study, the Residual Terrain Model (RTM) technique was used to estimate the residual terrain effects that were added to the GGM-computed Bouguer gravity anomalies at the sixty test points in Enugu State, Nigeria. The computed residual terrain effects range from -24.6 to 37.5 mgal while the percentage of the omission errors of the GGMs based on their Root-Mean-Square (RMS) differences ranges from 7.8% to 44.7%. It can be concluded that GGM-refined Bouguer gravity anomalies are better in accuracy than the unrefined GGM-computed Bouguer gravity anomalies and hence there is need for accurate height information in the development of GGMs. We, therefore, recommend that refined Bouguer gravity anomalies obtained from HUST-Grace2016s, EIGEN-6C4 and GECO that gave best improvement amongst the seven GGMs under consideration should be used to supplement the available terrestrial Bouguer anomalies for geodetic and geophysical applications within the study area.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation,agreement 07515-2022-289supported in parts by the Foundation for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics and Mathematics‘BASIS’,grant‘Young Russian Mathematics’。
文摘In this paper,we discuss some non-trivial relations for ordered exponentials on smooth Riemannian manifolds.As an example of application,we study the dependence of the four-dimensional quantum Yang–Mills effective action on the special gauge transformation with respect to the background field.Also,we formulate some open questions about a structure of divergences for a special type of regularization in the presence of the background field formalism.
文摘Accumulation of enriched 235U-UO2F2 in the body had injurious effects on theimmune function of central and peripheral immune cells. After an intravenousinjection of beaU--UO,F,, the spontaneous ’H--TdR incorporation in thymocytes andbone marrow cells decreased, with the thymocytes damaged more markedly. Theproliferation ability of spleen T and B lymphocytes were both inhibited, with Blymphocytes inhibited more severely. In spleen B lymphocytes the IL-- 1 production andIL--2 consumption were diminished. The inhibition of spleen B lymphocyteproliferation by 'U-- UOZFZ was partially restored by adding exogenous IL-- 1 or IL--2to the cultured lymphocytes obtained from 'U injected mice.
文摘We first show that Doppler’s effect implies that the time runs identically in the frames of reference of the source of light and the observer. Furthermore, we then show that the frequency shift due to the (assumed) expansion of space, if any, is “indistinguishable” from that due to the motion of the source with respect to the observer;and that the shift does not depend on the distance to the source. Observed frequency shifts of cosmological sources then need to be interpreted as being only due to their motions with respect to us. This has important implications for our ideas in cosmology.
