Living microorganisms can perform directed migration for foraging in response to a chemoattractant gradient.We report a biomimetic strategy that rotary F_(o)F_(1)-ATPase(adenosine triphosphatase)-propelled flasklike c...Living microorganisms can perform directed migration for foraging in response to a chemoattractant gradient.We report a biomimetic strategy that rotary F_(o)F_(1)-ATPase(adenosine triphosphatase)-propelled flasklike colloidal motors exhibit positive chemotaxis resembling the chemotactic behavior of bacteria.The streamlined flasklike colloidal particles are fabricated through polymerization,expansion,surface rupture,and re-polymerizing nanoemulsions composed of triblock copolymers and ribose.The as-synthesized particles enable the incorporation of thylakoid vesicles into the cavity,ensuring a geometric asymmetric nanoarchitecture.The chemical gradient in the neck channel across flasklike colloidal motors facilitates autonomous movement at a speed of 1.19μm/s in a ΔpH value of 4.Computer simulations reveal the self-actuated flasklike colloidal motors driven by self-diffusiophoretic force.These flasklike colloidal motors display positive directional motion along an adenosine diphosphate(ADP)concentration gradient during adenosine triphosphate(ATP)synthesis.The positive chemotaxis is ascribed that the phosphorylation reaction occurring inside colloidal motors generates 2 distinct phoretic torques at the bottom and the opening owing to the diffusion of ADP,thereby a continuous reorientation motion.Such a biophysical strategy that nanosized rotary protein molecular motors propel the directional movement of a flasklike colloidal motor holds promise for designing new types of biomedical swimming nanobots.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF0503504)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(grant nos.22193033,22172044,and U23A20342)the Key R&D Program of Heilongjiang Province,China(grant no.2022ZX02C23).
文摘Living microorganisms can perform directed migration for foraging in response to a chemoattractant gradient.We report a biomimetic strategy that rotary F_(o)F_(1)-ATPase(adenosine triphosphatase)-propelled flasklike colloidal motors exhibit positive chemotaxis resembling the chemotactic behavior of bacteria.The streamlined flasklike colloidal particles are fabricated through polymerization,expansion,surface rupture,and re-polymerizing nanoemulsions composed of triblock copolymers and ribose.The as-synthesized particles enable the incorporation of thylakoid vesicles into the cavity,ensuring a geometric asymmetric nanoarchitecture.The chemical gradient in the neck channel across flasklike colloidal motors facilitates autonomous movement at a speed of 1.19μm/s in a ΔpH value of 4.Computer simulations reveal the self-actuated flasklike colloidal motors driven by self-diffusiophoretic force.These flasklike colloidal motors display positive directional motion along an adenosine diphosphate(ADP)concentration gradient during adenosine triphosphate(ATP)synthesis.The positive chemotaxis is ascribed that the phosphorylation reaction occurring inside colloidal motors generates 2 distinct phoretic torques at the bottom and the opening owing to the diffusion of ADP,thereby a continuous reorientation motion.Such a biophysical strategy that nanosized rotary protein molecular motors propel the directional movement of a flasklike colloidal motor holds promise for designing new types of biomedical swimming nanobots.
