This study examines the role of village regulations within China’s Litigation Source Governance(LSG)framework,specifically analyzing Tianjin Municipality’s 2023 Model Village Regulations.Employing legal analysis and...This study examines the role of village regulations within China’s Litigation Source Governance(LSG)framework,specifically analyzing Tianjin Municipality’s 2023 Model Village Regulations.Employing legal analysis and Natural Language Processing(NLP)techniques,the research evaluates the effectiveness,enforceability,and thematic orientation of these regulations in grassroots dispute resolution.Findings reveal a pronounced reliance on moral governance provisions,limited judicial recognition,and significant implementation challenges due to the predominance of non-binding(soft)clauses.The study recommends enhancing judicial recognition through formal confirmation mechanisms,increasing legally binding clauses,and integrating village-level governance more closely with formal judicial processes.This approach not only strengthens local governance but also provides valuable insights for nationwide replication,supporting broader goals of rural stability and governance modernization.展开更多
Effective corporate governance and sound macroprudential policies are crucial to the stability and sustainable development of the banking sector in China.This paper uses panel data sets from 31 listed Chinese commerci...Effective corporate governance and sound macroprudential policies are crucial to the stability and sustainable development of the banking sector in China.This paper uses panel data sets from 31 listed Chinese commercial banks between 2007 and 2023 to examine how corporate governance and macroprudential regulation influence bank risk-taking.To achieve this,we constructed a set of micro-level corporate governance indicators.The findings show that corporate governance significantly reduces bank risk-taking,while macroprudential regulation positively moderates this relationship.Furthermore,business diversification and loan concentration are the key mechanisms through which corporate governance mitigates risk-taking.We confirmed the soundness of these findings by using robust econometric techniques,including difference-in-differences,system GMM,and alternative independent variables.This study provides valuable insights for optimizing bank capital structures,enhancing corporate governance,improving personnel management,and clarifying the roles of regulators in refining the macroprudential regulatory framework.展开更多
The main challenge in AI governance today is striking a balance between controlling AI dangers and fostering AI innovation.Regulators in a number of nations have progressively extended the regulatory sandbox,which was...The main challenge in AI governance today is striking a balance between controlling AI dangers and fostering AI innovation.Regulators in a number of nations have progressively extended the regulatory sandbox,which was first implemented in the banking sector,to AI governance in an effort to reduce the conflict between regulation and innovation.The AI regulatory sandbox is a new and feasible route for AI governance in China that not only helps to manage the risks of technology application but also prevents inhibiting AI innovation.It keeps inventors'trial-and-error tolerance space inside the regulatory purview while offering a controlled setting for the development and testing of novel AI that hasn't yet been put on the market.By providing full-cycle governance of AI with the principles of agility and inclusive prudence,the regulatory sandbox offers an alternative to the conventional top-down hard regulation,expost regulation,and tight regulation.However,the current system also has inherent limitations and practical obstacles that need to be overcome by a more rational and effective approach.To achieve its positive impact on AI governance,the AI regulatory sandbox system should build and improve the access and exit mechanism,the coordination mechanism between the sandbox and personal information protection,and the mechanisms of exemption,disclosure,and communication.展开更多
The study aimed to develop a customized Data Governance Maturity Model (DGMM) for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Kenya to address data governance challenges in military settings. Current frameworks lack specific req...The study aimed to develop a customized Data Governance Maturity Model (DGMM) for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Kenya to address data governance challenges in military settings. Current frameworks lack specific requirements for the defence industry. The model uses Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to enhance data governance procedures. Design Science Research guided the study, using qualitative and quantitative methods to gather data from MoD personnel. Major deficiencies were found in data integration, quality control, and adherence to data security regulations. The DGMM helps the MOD improve personnel, procedures, technology, and organizational elements related to data management. The model was tested against ISO/IEC 38500 and recommended for use in other government sectors with similar data governance issues. The DGMM has the potential to enhance data management efficiency, security, and compliance in the MOD and guide further research in military data governance.展开更多
On March 19,2025,the Premier of the State Council,Li Qiang,signed Order No.801,announcing the“Regulations of the State Council on Resolving Foreign-related Intellectual Property Disputes”(hereinafter referred to as ...On March 19,2025,the Premier of the State Council,Li Qiang,signed Order No.801,announcing the“Regulations of the State Council on Resolving Foreign-related Intellectual Property Disputes”(hereinafter referred to as the“regulations”).展开更多
Real estate plays a vital role in national economy and contributes a lot to social development. However, the rapid progress that has been made brings some problems, such as high price and high vacacy. This thesis take...Real estate plays a vital role in national economy and contributes a lot to social development. However, the rapid progress that has been made brings some problems, such as high price and high vacacy. This thesis takes Southern District of Qingdao City as an example to illustrate government regulation concerning real estate, and at the end some suggestions are provided.展开更多
Given the existence of real estate market bubbles and risks arising from high government debt,countries are faced with the challenge of preventing systemic risks.This study investigates the macroeconomic dynamics of t...Given the existence of real estate market bubbles and risks arising from high government debt,countries are faced with the challenge of preventing systemic risks.This study investigates the macroeconomic dynamics of the real estate market and local government debt risk from the perspective of liquidity constraints.We build a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with real estate and local government debt risk based on the New Keynesian-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model(NK-DSGE)model to investigate the transmission path of local government debt risk under real estate regulation.In addition,we analyze the risk transmission between the real estate market and local government under different tax systems and investigate the shock to household welfare from a local government debt default.The results show monetary policy can effectively control the scale of local government debt to reduce default risk.An increase in property taxes that restrains housing demand can effectively regulate the real estate market.Although reducing taxes can increase macroeconomic output,reducing tax rates on consumption,capital,and labor weakens the liquidity of household assets.Further,lowering taxes increases local government default risk,which reduces household welfare and makes it more difficult for local governments to deleverage.Our findings provide important insights for countries seeking an effective real estate regulation mechanism to curb local government default risk.展开更多
This study explores the externalities caused by managerial myopia from the perspective of carbon emissions in urban areas.Using panel data from 194 Chinese cities and 1286 listed companies from 2012 to 2021,this study...This study explores the externalities caused by managerial myopia from the perspective of carbon emissions in urban areas.Using panel data from 194 Chinese cities and 1286 listed companies from 2012 to 2021,this study empirically examines the effect of managerial myopia on urban carbon emissions.We integrate the“1+N”policy framework under China’s dual-carbon goals of peaking emssions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060,and propose a dual governance framework.The results show that managerial shortsightedness significantly contributes to urban carbon emissions,and this effect is particularly pronounced in cities with higher levels of carbon emissions and in first-and second-tier central cities.The mediating effect analysis indicate that managerial shortsightedness increases urban carbon emissions by inhibiting corporate green technological innovation.The moderating effect analysis shows that public media attention and government environmental regulation effectively mitigate the adverse impact of managerial myopia on urban carbon emissions.Theoretically,this study reveals the mechanism by which managerial shortsightedness increases urban carbon emissions by inhibiting green technology innovation and emphasizes the key roles of public media attention and government environmental regulation in mitigating this negative effect.This study provides important implications for policy rationale,especially for developing countries,for promoting green innovation and strengthening environmental governance to reduce carbon emissions.展开更多
By using the data collected from the years 2006 to 2012 of16 listed banks as samples,an empirical test was set up to analyze the impacts of corporate governance and government regulation towards bank stability. The re...By using the data collected from the years 2006 to 2012 of16 listed banks as samples,an empirical test was set up to analyze the impacts of corporate governance and government regulation towards bank stability. The results show that the nature and percentage of ownership of the largest shareholder,as well as the top10 shareholders, have no significant impact on bank stability.Supervision of board of directors increases bank stability, while independent directors could not play the role of supervision. Higher executive compensation increases bank stability,while shareholding of executives does not show much incentive function. Franchise value has self-regulatory effects. Capital regulation also improves bank stability. Implicit insurance covers the entire banking system.Improving corporate governance and government regulation to increase bank stability are put forward.展开更多
Regulation is currently perceived as an art and craft of governance where the regulatory processes are an outcome of interdependences between political actors,bureaucrats,business community,and the public at large.How...Regulation is currently perceived as an art and craft of governance where the regulatory processes are an outcome of interdependences between political actors,bureaucrats,business community,and the public at large.However,it is now extensively recognized that this interdependency is beyond one level of government particularly in the era of decentralization where regulatory outcomes are a result of a complex set of interacting levels.This study concedes that regulatory processes are intrinsically political endeavor.Principally,local government regulatory processes are characterized by multiple actors at different levels of governance,i.e.,the local government itself and stakeholders within its jurisdiction and the central government.In fact power dispersion has a vertical direction consisting of actors stemming from different governmental levels as a consequence of decentralization.The complexities of the relationships of multiple actors at different levels of government and across the same level of government create a number of risks that jeopardize quality local regulation that need to be managed calling for multilevel regulatory governance anchored on effective stakeholder engagement and coordination.Particularly,engagement with local government during the design of new regulations is largely poor resulting in a missed opportunity to have informed decisions that enhance quality local regulation.To augment multilevel governance,it is imperative to improve the interface between central and local government with local authorities recognized as“co-producers”of regulatory outcomes.Effective implementation of Regulatory Impact Assessment(RIA)that safeguards proper analysis of proposed and existing regulation is of paramount importance to ensure evidenced based regulations,analysis of cost implications for the local government,the capacity of LGAs in to implement as well as legitimacy of regulations.Therefore this study examines the political tradeoffs between the central and local government and among other stakeholders.展开更多
The lack of descriptions regarding the order of precedence between the local laws of cities with subordinate districts and the regulations of provincial governments in Legislation Law of the People's Republic of C...The lack of descriptions regarding the order of precedence between the local laws of cities with subordinate districts and the regulations of provincial governments in Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China(Legislation Law) has led to two divergent views. One holds that "the local laws of cities with subordinate districts should take precedence over the regulations of provincial governments," while the other supports the exact opposite. This is a value judgment issue in legislation. To reach a solution, we need to clarify the premises based on the characteristics of the laws in question so that a basic common ground can be established for discussion. The first premise for traditional legislation is that a law should be based on experience as well as logic; the second is that the experience of authority subjects, plus the three aspects of logic should outweigh the experience of social subjects, plus the three aspects of logic. With respect to postmodern legislation, the first premise is that experience should override logic, and the second is that the experience of the authority subject should take precedence over that of social subject, with no requirements for logical consistency. Since Legislation Law fal s into the category of postmodern legislation, according to the premises, the argument that the local laws of cities with subordinate districts should take precedence enjoys wider acceptance, but the view is logically challenged in terms of conceptual consistency, system consistency and principle consistency. More studies must be conducted to facilitate the discussion.展开更多
To regulate human organ transplant, guarantee the quality and safety of the operation, protect the health of the people, the Health Ministry of China issued Regulations governing Clinical Application of Human Organ Tr...To regulate human organ transplant, guarantee the quality and safety of the operation, protect the health of the people, the Health Ministry of China issued Regulations governing Clinical Application of Human Organ Transplant on March 27, 2006, which is to be put into effect on the coming July 1. The regulations contain 5 chapters and 47 articles including general principles, registration of diagnosis and treatment, clinical management, supervision, and supplementary items.展开更多
As the frontier of intelligent computing technology,affective computing has been used in border inspection,case investigation,crime assessment,public opinion management,traffic management and other scenarios of public...As the frontier of intelligent computing technology,affective computing has been used in border inspection,case investigation,crime assessment,public opinion management,traffic management and other scenarios of public governance.However,there are still public risks associated with its failure to meet the basic requirements of modern public governance,and these risks are rooted in its technical characteristics.The technical characteristics of turning emotions into signals can give rise to such problems as degrading the right to informed consent,de-governance,and undermining human dignity when applied in public governance,and consequently can lead to social rights anxiety.Additionally,the affective modeling characteristics of affective computing tend to incur the rights risks of insufficient algorithm accuracy,algorithmic discrimination,and algorithmic black boxes.To avoid these risks,it is necessary to adopt the dynamic consent model as the premise for applying affective computing in public governance,and to regulate the auxiliary application of affective computing in public governance in a hierarchical manner,to achieve a balance between the application of affective computing technology and the protection of citizens'rights and the maintenance of public ethics.展开更多
Foreigners Included Foreign employees in China will be entitled to the same social insurance benefits as Chinese nationals when the new Social Insurance Law goes into effect on July 1, 2011,according a senior official...Foreigners Included Foreign employees in China will be entitled to the same social insurance benefits as Chinese nationals when the new Social Insurance Law goes into effect on July 1, 2011,according a senior official with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. Target groups include foreign workers employed by Chinese and overseas-fund-展开更多
On April 24, 2007 the State Council promulgated Regulations of the People＇s Republic of China on Open Governrnent Information （referred to as Regulations below）, which will become effective on May 1, 2008. As the f...On April 24, 2007 the State Council promulgated Regulations of the People＇s Republic of China on Open Governrnent Information （referred to as Regulations below）, which will become effective on May 1, 2008. As the first administrative role of the central government of China that aims to safeguard the public＇s right to know, the Regulations are of great significance in China＇s democratization and its establishment of the role of law.展开更多
Tougher bank regulations New rules setting stricter criteria for lenders’ capital adequacy,provisions,leverage, and liquidity conditions are going to take effect at the beginning of 2012,according to the China Bankin...Tougher bank regulations New rules setting stricter criteria for lenders’ capital adequacy,provisions,leverage, and liquidity conditions are going to take effect at the beginning of 2012,according to the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC). The banks are required to meet the new standards by the end of 2013 and the end of 2016 respectively.展开更多
Resource Tax Adjusted China will implement new resource tax rates for oil and gas from November 1, 2011,according to the State Council, China’s cabinet. The sales of crude oil and natural gas nationwide will be subje...Resource Tax Adjusted China will implement new resource tax rates for oil and gas from November 1, 2011,according to the State Council, China’s cabinet. The sales of crude oil and natural gas nationwide will be subject to a tax of between 5 percent and 10 percent. It will also impose a tax of 0.4-60 yuan ($0.06-9.4) per ton on rare earth ores and 8-20 yuan($1.2-3.1) a ton on coking coal. Taxes on other types of coal remained unchanged at 0.3-5 yuan展开更多
Tax Exempted Import tax exemption on equipment used in oil and gas drilling programs was granted by the Chinese Government in order to support the drilling industry, according to a statement released on the website of...Tax Exempted Import tax exemption on equipment used in oil and gas drilling programs was granted by the Chinese Government in order to support the drilling industry, according to a statement released on the website of the Ministry of Finance on September 1. The statement said equipment,instruments, accessories and special purpose tools that domestic companies can’t produce and are directly used in exploration展开更多
Combating IPR Infringements China’s Ministry of Public Security launched a new round of crackdown on intellectual property right infringements starting from November 2010 to March 2011. According to Liu Jinguo,Vice M...Combating IPR Infringements China’s Ministry of Public Security launched a new round of crackdown on intellectual property right infringements starting from November 2010 to March 2011. According to Liu Jinguo,Vice Minister of Public Security,the campaign will focus on combating against infringement of copyrights,trademarks and the patents. Meanwhile,they will fight against the pro-展开更多
Stricter Rules for Foreigners A stricter provincial rule governing foreigners who live and work in south China’s Guangdong Province took effective on May 1 to tackle the problem of illegal immigration.People are enco...Stricter Rules for Foreigners A stricter provincial rule governing foreigners who live and work in south China’s Guangdong Province took effective on May 1 to tackle the problem of illegal immigration.People are encouraged to report wrongdoing like illegal entry,展开更多
基金Tianjin Education Commission Research Program,Humanities and Social Sciences,(Project No.:2022SK064)Innovation Training Program at Tianjin Normal University in 2024,“Research on the Function of Rural Norms in Source Governance of Disputes from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization”(Project No.:202410065027)。
文摘This study examines the role of village regulations within China’s Litigation Source Governance(LSG)framework,specifically analyzing Tianjin Municipality’s 2023 Model Village Regulations.Employing legal analysis and Natural Language Processing(NLP)techniques,the research evaluates the effectiveness,enforceability,and thematic orientation of these regulations in grassroots dispute resolution.Findings reveal a pronounced reliance on moral governance provisions,limited judicial recognition,and significant implementation challenges due to the predominance of non-binding(soft)clauses.The study recommends enhancing judicial recognition through formal confirmation mechanisms,increasing legally binding clauses,and integrating village-level governance more closely with formal judicial processes.This approach not only strengthens local governance but also provides valuable insights for nationwide replication,supporting broader goals of rural stability and governance modernization.
基金supported by the General Project of the National Social Science Fund,“Research on the Implementation Mechanism and Optimization Path of Multi-level Agricultural Insurance from the Perspective of Heterogeneity”(Project No.19BJY161)the Outstanding Youth Scientific Research Project of the Hunan Provincial Department of Education,“Measurement,Transmission,and Prevention of Systemic Financial Risks in the Context of Low-carbon Transition”(Project No.22B0649)the General Project of the Hunan Provincial Social Science Achievement Evaluation Committee,“Research on the Measurement and Early Warning of Systemic Financial Risks under the Impact of Low-carbon Transition”(Project No.XSP2023JJZ010).
文摘Effective corporate governance and sound macroprudential policies are crucial to the stability and sustainable development of the banking sector in China.This paper uses panel data sets from 31 listed Chinese commercial banks between 2007 and 2023 to examine how corporate governance and macroprudential regulation influence bank risk-taking.To achieve this,we constructed a set of micro-level corporate governance indicators.The findings show that corporate governance significantly reduces bank risk-taking,while macroprudential regulation positively moderates this relationship.Furthermore,business diversification and loan concentration are the key mechanisms through which corporate governance mitigates risk-taking.We confirmed the soundness of these findings by using robust econometric techniques,including difference-in-differences,system GMM,and alternative independent variables.This study provides valuable insights for optimizing bank capital structures,enhancing corporate governance,improving personnel management,and clarifying the roles of regulators in refining the macroprudential regulatory framework.
文摘The main challenge in AI governance today is striking a balance between controlling AI dangers and fostering AI innovation.Regulators in a number of nations have progressively extended the regulatory sandbox,which was first implemented in the banking sector,to AI governance in an effort to reduce the conflict between regulation and innovation.The AI regulatory sandbox is a new and feasible route for AI governance in China that not only helps to manage the risks of technology application but also prevents inhibiting AI innovation.It keeps inventors'trial-and-error tolerance space inside the regulatory purview while offering a controlled setting for the development and testing of novel AI that hasn't yet been put on the market.By providing full-cycle governance of AI with the principles of agility and inclusive prudence,the regulatory sandbox offers an alternative to the conventional top-down hard regulation,expost regulation,and tight regulation.However,the current system also has inherent limitations and practical obstacles that need to be overcome by a more rational and effective approach.To achieve its positive impact on AI governance,the AI regulatory sandbox system should build and improve the access and exit mechanism,the coordination mechanism between the sandbox and personal information protection,and the mechanisms of exemption,disclosure,and communication.
文摘The study aimed to develop a customized Data Governance Maturity Model (DGMM) for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Kenya to address data governance challenges in military settings. Current frameworks lack specific requirements for the defence industry. The model uses Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to enhance data governance procedures. Design Science Research guided the study, using qualitative and quantitative methods to gather data from MoD personnel. Major deficiencies were found in data integration, quality control, and adherence to data security regulations. The DGMM helps the MOD improve personnel, procedures, technology, and organizational elements related to data management. The model was tested against ISO/IEC 38500 and recommended for use in other government sectors with similar data governance issues. The DGMM has the potential to enhance data management efficiency, security, and compliance in the MOD and guide further research in military data governance.
文摘On March 19,2025,the Premier of the State Council,Li Qiang,signed Order No.801,announcing the“Regulations of the State Council on Resolving Foreign-related Intellectual Property Disputes”(hereinafter referred to as the“regulations”).
文摘Real estate plays a vital role in national economy and contributes a lot to social development. However, the rapid progress that has been made brings some problems, such as high price and high vacacy. This thesis takes Southern District of Qingdao City as an example to illustrate government regulation concerning real estate, and at the end some suggestions are provided.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.72271135,72141304,71901130)National Social Science Fund of China(22&ZD117)+3 种基金Laboratory of Computation and Analytics of Complex Management Systems(Tianjin University)Special Funds for Taishan Scholars(tsqn202211120)2024 Qingdao Finance Society Key Project2024 Qingdao Social Science Planning Project.
文摘Given the existence of real estate market bubbles and risks arising from high government debt,countries are faced with the challenge of preventing systemic risks.This study investigates the macroeconomic dynamics of the real estate market and local government debt risk from the perspective of liquidity constraints.We build a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with real estate and local government debt risk based on the New Keynesian-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model(NK-DSGE)model to investigate the transmission path of local government debt risk under real estate regulation.In addition,we analyze the risk transmission between the real estate market and local government under different tax systems and investigate the shock to household welfare from a local government debt default.The results show monetary policy can effectively control the scale of local government debt to reduce default risk.An increase in property taxes that restrains housing demand can effectively regulate the real estate market.Although reducing taxes can increase macroeconomic output,reducing tax rates on consumption,capital,and labor weakens the liquidity of household assets.Further,lowering taxes increases local government default risk,which reduces household welfare and makes it more difficult for local governments to deleverage.Our findings provide important insights for countries seeking an effective real estate regulation mechanism to curb local government default risk.
基金supported by the Project of the Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund[Grant No.24YJC 790245].
文摘This study explores the externalities caused by managerial myopia from the perspective of carbon emissions in urban areas.Using panel data from 194 Chinese cities and 1286 listed companies from 2012 to 2021,this study empirically examines the effect of managerial myopia on urban carbon emissions.We integrate the“1+N”policy framework under China’s dual-carbon goals of peaking emssions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060,and propose a dual governance framework.The results show that managerial shortsightedness significantly contributes to urban carbon emissions,and this effect is particularly pronounced in cities with higher levels of carbon emissions and in first-and second-tier central cities.The mediating effect analysis indicate that managerial shortsightedness increases urban carbon emissions by inhibiting corporate green technological innovation.The moderating effect analysis shows that public media attention and government environmental regulation effectively mitigate the adverse impact of managerial myopia on urban carbon emissions.Theoretically,this study reveals the mechanism by which managerial shortsightedness increases urban carbon emissions by inhibiting green technology innovation and emphasizes the key roles of public media attention and government environmental regulation in mitigating this negative effect.This study provides important implications for policy rationale,especially for developing countries,for promoting green innovation and strengthening environmental governance to reduce carbon emissions.
基金Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Science Youth Fund Project,China(No.12YJC630157)Shanghai University of Engineering Science,China(No.2012pg33)
文摘By using the data collected from the years 2006 to 2012 of16 listed banks as samples,an empirical test was set up to analyze the impacts of corporate governance and government regulation towards bank stability. The results show that the nature and percentage of ownership of the largest shareholder,as well as the top10 shareholders, have no significant impact on bank stability.Supervision of board of directors increases bank stability, while independent directors could not play the role of supervision. Higher executive compensation increases bank stability,while shareholding of executives does not show much incentive function. Franchise value has self-regulatory effects. Capital regulation also improves bank stability. Implicit insurance covers the entire banking system.Improving corporate governance and government regulation to increase bank stability are put forward.
文摘Regulation is currently perceived as an art and craft of governance where the regulatory processes are an outcome of interdependences between political actors,bureaucrats,business community,and the public at large.However,it is now extensively recognized that this interdependency is beyond one level of government particularly in the era of decentralization where regulatory outcomes are a result of a complex set of interacting levels.This study concedes that regulatory processes are intrinsically political endeavor.Principally,local government regulatory processes are characterized by multiple actors at different levels of governance,i.e.,the local government itself and stakeholders within its jurisdiction and the central government.In fact power dispersion has a vertical direction consisting of actors stemming from different governmental levels as a consequence of decentralization.The complexities of the relationships of multiple actors at different levels of government and across the same level of government create a number of risks that jeopardize quality local regulation that need to be managed calling for multilevel regulatory governance anchored on effective stakeholder engagement and coordination.Particularly,engagement with local government during the design of new regulations is largely poor resulting in a missed opportunity to have informed decisions that enhance quality local regulation.To augment multilevel governance,it is imperative to improve the interface between central and local government with local authorities recognized as“co-producers”of regulatory outcomes.Effective implementation of Regulatory Impact Assessment(RIA)that safeguards proper analysis of proposed and existing regulation is of paramount importance to ensure evidenced based regulations,analysis of cost implications for the local government,the capacity of LGAs in to implement as well as legitimacy of regulations.Therefore this study examines the political tradeoffs between the central and local government and among other stakeholders.
基金part of the results(presented in stages)of"Research on the Legislative System of Cities with Subordinate Districts"(16XFX004)-a program of National Social Sciences Fund in Western China"Empirical Research on Local Legislation"(16XW16)-a research focus of Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences under a key program launched by the Publicity Department of the CPC Sichuan Provincial Committee
文摘The lack of descriptions regarding the order of precedence between the local laws of cities with subordinate districts and the regulations of provincial governments in Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China(Legislation Law) has led to two divergent views. One holds that "the local laws of cities with subordinate districts should take precedence over the regulations of provincial governments," while the other supports the exact opposite. This is a value judgment issue in legislation. To reach a solution, we need to clarify the premises based on the characteristics of the laws in question so that a basic common ground can be established for discussion. The first premise for traditional legislation is that a law should be based on experience as well as logic; the second is that the experience of authority subjects, plus the three aspects of logic should outweigh the experience of social subjects, plus the three aspects of logic. With respect to postmodern legislation, the first premise is that experience should override logic, and the second is that the experience of the authority subject should take precedence over that of social subject, with no requirements for logical consistency. Since Legislation Law fal s into the category of postmodern legislation, according to the premises, the argument that the local laws of cities with subordinate districts should take precedence enjoys wider acceptance, but the view is logically challenged in terms of conceptual consistency, system consistency and principle consistency. More studies must be conducted to facilitate the discussion.
文摘To regulate human organ transplant, guarantee the quality and safety of the operation, protect the health of the people, the Health Ministry of China issued Regulations governing Clinical Application of Human Organ Transplant on March 27, 2006, which is to be put into effect on the coming July 1. The regulations contain 5 chapters and 47 articles including general principles, registration of diagnosis and treatment, clinical management, supervision, and supplementary items.
基金a phased achievement of the 2020 Youth Fund Project of the Ministry of Education in Humanities and Social Sciences of China,titled“Legislative Research on Collaborative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms for Medical Disputes in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area”(Project Number 20YJC820023)。
文摘As the frontier of intelligent computing technology,affective computing has been used in border inspection,case investigation,crime assessment,public opinion management,traffic management and other scenarios of public governance.However,there are still public risks associated with its failure to meet the basic requirements of modern public governance,and these risks are rooted in its technical characteristics.The technical characteristics of turning emotions into signals can give rise to such problems as degrading the right to informed consent,de-governance,and undermining human dignity when applied in public governance,and consequently can lead to social rights anxiety.Additionally,the affective modeling characteristics of affective computing tend to incur the rights risks of insufficient algorithm accuracy,algorithmic discrimination,and algorithmic black boxes.To avoid these risks,it is necessary to adopt the dynamic consent model as the premise for applying affective computing in public governance,and to regulate the auxiliary application of affective computing in public governance in a hierarchical manner,to achieve a balance between the application of affective computing technology and the protection of citizens'rights and the maintenance of public ethics.
文摘Foreigners Included Foreign employees in China will be entitled to the same social insurance benefits as Chinese nationals when the new Social Insurance Law goes into effect on July 1, 2011,according a senior official with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. Target groups include foreign workers employed by Chinese and overseas-fund-
文摘On April 24, 2007 the State Council promulgated Regulations of the People＇s Republic of China on Open Governrnent Information （referred to as Regulations below）, which will become effective on May 1, 2008. As the first administrative role of the central government of China that aims to safeguard the public＇s right to know, the Regulations are of great significance in China＇s democratization and its establishment of the role of law.
文摘Tougher bank regulations New rules setting stricter criteria for lenders’ capital adequacy,provisions,leverage, and liquidity conditions are going to take effect at the beginning of 2012,according to the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC). The banks are required to meet the new standards by the end of 2013 and the end of 2016 respectively.
文摘Resource Tax Adjusted China will implement new resource tax rates for oil and gas from November 1, 2011,according to the State Council, China’s cabinet. The sales of crude oil and natural gas nationwide will be subject to a tax of between 5 percent and 10 percent. It will also impose a tax of 0.4-60 yuan ($0.06-9.4) per ton on rare earth ores and 8-20 yuan($1.2-3.1) a ton on coking coal. Taxes on other types of coal remained unchanged at 0.3-5 yuan
文摘Tax Exempted Import tax exemption on equipment used in oil and gas drilling programs was granted by the Chinese Government in order to support the drilling industry, according to a statement released on the website of the Ministry of Finance on September 1. The statement said equipment,instruments, accessories and special purpose tools that domestic companies can’t produce and are directly used in exploration
文摘Combating IPR Infringements China’s Ministry of Public Security launched a new round of crackdown on intellectual property right infringements starting from November 2010 to March 2011. According to Liu Jinguo,Vice Minister of Public Security,the campaign will focus on combating against infringement of copyrights,trademarks and the patents. Meanwhile,they will fight against the pro-
文摘Stricter Rules for Foreigners A stricter provincial rule governing foreigners who live and work in south China’s Guangdong Province took effective on May 1 to tackle the problem of illegal immigration.People are encouraged to report wrongdoing like illegal entry,
