AIM： To establish a simple model consisting of the rou- tine laboratory variables to predict both minimal fibrosis and cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B virus （HBV）-infected patients. METHODS： We retrospectively in...AIM： To establish a simple model consisting of the rou- tine laboratory variables to predict both minimal fibrosis and cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B virus （HBV）-infected patients. METHODS： We retrospectively investigated 114 chron- ic HBV-infected patients who underwent liver biopsy in two different hospitals. Thirteen parameters were analyzed by step-wise regression analysis and correla- tion analysis. A new fibrosis index [globulin/platelet （GP） model] was developed, including globulin （GLOB） and platelet count （PLT）. GP model = GLOB （g/mL） x 100/PLT （x 109/L）. We evaluated the receiver operating characteristics analysis used to predict minimal fibrosis and compared six other available models. RESULTS： Thirteen clinical biochemical and hemato- logical variables [sex, age, PLT, alanine aminotransfer- ase, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, albumin, GLOB, total bilirubin （T.bil）, direct bilirubin （D.bil）, glutamyl-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, HBV DNA and pro- thrombin time （PT）] were analyzed according to three stages of liver fibrosis （F0-F1, F2-F3 and F4）. Bivariate Spearman＇s rank correlation analysis showed that six variables, including age, PLT, T.bil, D.bil, GLOB and PT, were correlated with the three fibrosis stages （FS）. Cor- relation coefficients were 0.23, -0.412, 0.208, 0.220, 0.314 and 0.212; and P value was 0.014, 〈 0.001, 0.026, 0.018, 0.001 and 0.024, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that only PLT and GLOB were signifi- cantly different in the three FS （PLT： F = 11.772, P 〈 0.001; GLOB： F = 6.612, P = 0.002）. Step-wise multiple regression analysis showed that PLT and GLOB were also independently correlated with FS （R2 = 0.237）. By Spearman＇s rank correlation analysis, GP model was significantly correlated with the three FS （r = 0.466, P 〈 0.001）. The median values in F0-F1, F2-F3 and F4 were 1.461, 1.720 and 2.634. Compared with the six available models （fibrosis index, AST-platelet ratio, FIB-4, fibrosis-cirrhosis index and age-AST model and age-PLT ratio）, GP model showed a highest correlation coefficient. The sensitivity and positive predictive value at a cutoff value 〈 1.68 for predicting minimal fibrosis F0-F1 were 72.4% and 71.2%, respectively. The speci- ficity and negative predictive value at a cutoff value 〈 2.53 for the prediction of cirrhosis were 84.5% and 96.7%. The area under the curve （AUC） of GP model for predicting minimal fibrosis and cirrhosis was 0.762 [95% confidence interval （CI）： 0.676-0.848] and 0.781 （95% CI： 0.638-0.924）. Although the differences were not statistically significant between GP model and the other models （P all 〉 0.05）, the AUC of GP model was the largest among the seven models. CONCLUSION： By establishing a simple model using available laboratory variables, chronic HBV-infected patients with minimal fibrosis and cirrhosis can be di- agnosed accurately, and the clinical application of this model may reduce the need for liver biopsy in HBV- infected patients.展开更多
Previous studies have identified a diverse set of predisposing factors for the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation （HT）, but the independent clinical predictors of HT after intra- arterial thrombolysis have not...Previous studies have identified a diverse set of predisposing factors for the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation （HT）, but the independent clinical predictors of HT after intra- arterial thrombolysis have not been determined. In this retrospective study, we investigated the characteristics of patients with or without HT who had received intra-arterial thrombolysis therapy, using biochemical analysis, renal function test, routine blood test, blood lipid test, coagulation blood test, liver function test, random blood glucose test, time- window for intra-arterial thrombolysis, recanalization, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS） score and systolic blood pressure before intra-artedal thrombolysis. The mortality rates were similar in the HT and non-HT groups （P = 0.944）. In the single- factor analysis, patients with a higher globulin level （P 〈0.002）, prothrombin time activity percentage （PTA; P = 0.026）, and NIHSS score （P = 0.002）, had a significantly increased risk of developing HT. In the multifactor logistic regression model involving globulin level, PTA, white blood cell count, and NIHSS score, the globulin level （P 〈0.001; OR, 1.185; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.090-1.288）, PTA （P = 0.018; OR, 1.016; 95% CI, 1.003-1.029）, white blood cell count （P = 0.025; OR, 1.097; 95% CI, 1.012-1.190） and NIHSS score （P = 0.003; OR, 1.097; 95% CI, 1.031-1.166） were significantly increased in the HT group. The increase in globulin level is an independent risk factor for HT in patients receiving intra-arterial thrombolysis. The possible mechanisms may involve inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and positive acute-phase reactants synthesized by the liver.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Combined hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) and lamivudine in prophylaxis of the recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation has significantly improved the survival of HBsAg positive patients. Th...BACKGROUND: Combined hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) and lamivudine in prophylaxis of the recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation has significantly improved the survival of HBsAg positive patients. This study was undertaken to evaluate the outcomes of liver transplantation for patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV). METHODS: A retrospective chart analysis and a review of the organ transplant database identified 51 patients (43 men and 8 women) transplanted for benign HBV-related cirrhotic diseases between June 2002 and December 2004 who had survived more than 3 months. HBIg was administered intravenously during the first week and intramuscularly thereafter. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 14.1 months, the overall recurrence rate in the 51 patients was 3.9% (2/51). The overall patient survival was 88.3%, and 82.4% after 1 and 2 years, respectively. A daily oral dose of 100 mg lamivudine for 2 weeks before transplantation for 10 patients enabled 57.1% (4/7) and 62.5% (5/8) of HBV-DNA and HBeAg positive patients respectively to convert to be negative. Intramuscular HBIg was well tolerated in all patients. CONCLUSION: Lamivudine combined with intramuscular HBIg can effectively prevent allograft from the recurrence of HBV after liver transplantation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic transformation(HT)is a common complication in patients with cerebral infarction.However,its pathogenesis is poorly understood.The knowledge of factors that may increase risk for HT may help in i...BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic transformation(HT)is a common complication in patients with cerebral infarction.However,its pathogenesis is poorly understood.The knowledge of factors that may increase risk for HT may help in improving the safety of thrombolytic therapy.AIM To investigate the predictive value of serum calcium,albumin,globulin and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)levels for HT after intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)in patients with acute cerebral infarction.METHODS Five hundred patients with acute cerebral infarction who received IVT with alteplase within 4.5 h after the onset of disease between January 2018 and January 2021 at our hospital were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into groups based on computed tomography scan results of the brain made within 36 h after thrombolysis.Forty patients with HT were enrolled in an observation group and 460 patients without HT were enrolled in a control group.Serum calcium,albumin,globulin and MMP-9 levels were compared between the two groups.Regression analysis was used to discuss the relationship between these indices and HT.RESULTS The previous history of hypertension,diabetes,atrial fibrillation,cerebrovascular diseases,smoking and alcohol intake were not associated with HT after IVT in patients with acute cerebral infarction(all P>0.05).The National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NHISS)score was associated with HT after IVT in patients with acute cerebral infarction(P<0.05).The serum calcium and albumin levels were lower in the observation group than in the control group(all P<0.05).The levels of globulin and MMP-9 were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(all P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that NHISS score,serum calcium,albumin,globulins and MMP-9 were independent factors influencing the occurrence of HT following IVT in patients with cerebral infarction(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Serum calcium,albumin,globulin and MMP-9 levels are risk factors for HT after IVT in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Moreover,NHISS score can be used as a predictor of post-thrombolytic HT.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the impact of high-dose hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG) on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and hepatitis B virus(HBV) recurrence and overall survival after living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).M...AIM: To investigate the impact of high-dose hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG) on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and hepatitis B virus(HBV) recurrence and overall survival after living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).METHODS: We investigated 168 patients who underwent LDLT due to HCC, and who were HBV-DNA/hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag)-positive, from January 2008 to December 2013. After assessing whether the patients met the Milan criteria, they were assigned to the low-dose HBIG group and high-dose HBIG group. Using the propensity score 1:1 matching method, 38 and 18 pairs were defined as adhering to and not adhering to the Milan criteria. For each pair, HCC recurrence, HBV recurrence and overall survival were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log rank test according to the HBIG dose. RESULTS: Among those who met the Milan criteria, the 6-mo, 1-year, and 3-year HCC recurrence-free survival rates were 88.9%, 83.2%, and 83.2% in the low-dose HBIG group and 97.2%, 97.2%, and 97.2% in the high-dose HBIG group, respectively(P = 0.042).In contrast, among those who did not meet the Milan criteria, HCC recurrence did not differ according to the HBIG dose(P = 0.937). Moreover, HBV recurrence and overall survival did not differ according to the HBIG dose among those who met(P = 0.317 and 0.190, respectively) and did not meet(P = 0.350 and 0.987, respectively) the Milan criteria. CONCLUSION: High-dose HBIG therapy can reduce HCC recurrence in HBV-DNA/HBe Ag-positive patients after LDLT.展开更多
This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adul...This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P 〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.展开更多
Components with strong adsorption capacity for cholates from buckwheat proteins were screened, separated and purified by several methods, and the effects of ultra-high-pressure(UHP) on the structure and function of bu...Components with strong adsorption capacity for cholates from buckwheat proteins were screened, separated and purified by several methods, and the effects of ultra-high-pressure(UHP) on the structure and function of buckwheat 13S globulin(BW13SG) were studied. Samples were treated by UHP at different p H(3.0 and 7.0) value(s) and at 100–500 MPa for 10–30 min. The results showed that the tertiary structure of BW13SG was partially denatured and aggregated. The decrease in the unordered structure indicated that UHP resulted in a looser secondary structure of BW13SG. UHP treatment also increased solubility, emulsion activity and stability, foaming capacity and stability. The samples treated at 500 MPa, p H 3.0 for 30 min had the most enhanced functionality. Moreover, under this condition, the sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate adsorption capacities of BW13SG were both higher than 98% and the adsorption capacity of sodium taurocholate, which can be difficult to adsorb, was higher than 60%.展开更多
Acute viral myocarditis is an extremely diverse disease with a predictable good outcome with supportive therapy. The objective of this study was to look at the clinical outcome of patients receiving additional intrave...Acute viral myocarditis is an extremely diverse disease with a predictable good outcome with supportive therapy. The objective of this study was to look at the clinical outcome of patients receiving additional intravenous gamma globulin compared to those receiving conventional anti-congestive therapy alone. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective review of charts of children admitted with acute myocarditis. Group 1 was children who received intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG) along with conventional anti-congestive therapy. Group 2 were patients who received the conventional anticongestive therapy alone. Short-term outcome was survival to hospital discharge, and mid-term outcome was improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction at 6 months and one year follow-up. Results: A total of 36 patients were enrolled and 18 were males. The mean age of all patients was 2.3 ± 2.6 years and the mean duration of illness for the whole group was 6.7 ± 3.8 days. Group 1 comprised of 16 patients. There was no difference in short-term outcome with mortality of 2 patients in Group1 (12.5%) and 3(15%) in Group 2 (p = 0.2). At intermediate term follow up, recovery of ejection fraction in Group 1 was in 4/14 (28%) and in Group 2 it was 9/17 (55%) and at 12 months it was 10/13 (77%) in Group 1 and 15/16 (94%) in Group 2 (p = 0.02 and 0.19 respectively). Conclusion: Acute myocarditis has a high spontaneous cure rate. Our study did not show any significant difference in the short-term or midterm outcome between children receiving IVIG compared to those who did not.展开更多
Objective To identify significant factors related to the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 （apoB/A1） ratio and investigate the association between the apoB/A1 ratio and metabolic syndrome （MS） in polycystic ovary...Objective To identify significant factors related to the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 （apoB/A1） ratio and investigate the association between the apoB/A1 ratio and metabolic syndrome （MS） in polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） women. Methods Totally 307 subjects with PCOS were collected and recruited fulfilling the revised 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria. MS was diagnosed by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult treatment Panel （NCEP-ATP） III criteria. Results The prevalence of MS in PCOS women was 31.6%, whose average age was 26.2 ___＋ 5.2 years. The apoB/A1 ratio was significantly correlated with age, body mass index （BM1）, waist circumference （WC）, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, metabolic abnormalities, sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG）, and free androgen index. In addition, SHBG had a significant association with all five component risk of MS. The increasing apoB/A1 ratio was associated with the prevalence of MS and was one of the risk factors of MS. Conclusion SHBG was considered as an additional potential factor in predicting the metabolic abnormity in PCOS women. The apoB/A1 ratio is associated with SHBG and might be an indicator of MS in PCOS women.展开更多
BACKGROUND Thyroxine-binding globulin(TBG;the gene product of SERPINA7)is the main transporter of thyroid hormones in humans.Mutations in the TBG gene may lead to inherited TBG deficiency.There have been 28 reported m...BACKGROUND Thyroxine-binding globulin(TBG;the gene product of SERPINA7)is the main transporter of thyroid hormones in humans.Mutations in the TBG gene may lead to inherited TBG deficiency.There have been 28 reported mutations that associate with complete TBG deficiency(TBG-CD).Here we identified a novel frameshift mutation causing early termination of the TBG protein and TBG-CD in a Chinese family.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old Chinese man was referred to our hospital with normal free thyroxine,free triiodothyronine,thyrotropin,but lower total thyroxine and total triiodothyronine,and undetectable serum TBG,indicative of TBG-CD.Blood samples were obtained from the patient’s family members and thyroid function and serum TBG were evaluated.Genomic DNA from peripheral blood was sequenced to detect possible TBG mutation(s).Quantitative PCR high-resolution melting curve analysis was used to screen TBG-Poly(L283F)among 117 Chinese men.A novel mutation of TBG(p.Phe135Alafs*21),a 19-nucleotide insertion in exon 1,was identified,which resulted in a truncated TBG protein product and caused TBG-CD.The other mutation,identified in the proband’s father,is a known polymorphism,TBG-Poly(L283F).The frequency of the TBG-Poly allele among 117 unrelated Han Chinese men from northeast China was 21.37%.CONCLUSION A novel mutation in the TBG gene associated with the TBG-CD phenotype was identified in a Chinese family.Additionally,it was found that 21.37%of Chinese males had TBG-Poly(L283F).展开更多
Wheat embryo globulin(WEG)has been proven to possess multiple biological activities,including antioxidative properties,immunomodulatory,and so on.Aged mouse model were established by subcutaneous injection of D-galact...Wheat embryo globulin(WEG)has been proven to possess multiple biological activities,including antioxidative properties,immunomodulatory,and so on.Aged mouse model were established by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose(D-gal),and the effects of WEG on learning,memory,and antioxidant capacity in aging mice were explored through behavioural tests and antioxidant enzyme activities determination.Compared with the Model group,WEG improved the percentage of the platform quadrant,increased the number of crossing platforms,and enhanced the identification indexs.WEG also increased total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities in the liver and brains of aging mice,and reduced malondialdehyde(MDA)content.Pathological observations indicated that WEG protected against damage to brain in D-gal-induced aging mice.These results effectively revealed that WEG not only improved the abilities of learning and memory,and the cognitive impairment,but also delayed the aging process of the D-gal-induced mice.展开更多
[Objedive] To clone the partial exons of sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG） gene in pig and provide experimental references for ac- curate separation and allocation of SHBG gene in pig. [Method] According to the se...[Objedive] To clone the partial exons of sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG） gene in pig and provide experimental references for ac- curate separation and allocation of SHBG gene in pig. [Method] According to the sequences of SHBG gene in human and cow, one pair of primers was designed to amplify the DNA sequences of SHBG gene in pig, and the partial exons of SHBG gene were determined according to the principles of comparative genomics. Then the sequences and homology were analyzed. [ Result] The amplified SHBG gene was 841 bp in size, and its se- quences had 100.00% nucleotide homology to the CH242-411 E2 fragment on pig chromosome 12. The determined exon 4, exon 5 and exon 6 of SHBG gene were 162, 159 and 156 bp in size, respectively, and the amino acids sequences encoded by these three exons had 74.51% homology to that of human and 73.86% homology to that of cow, respectively. [ Conclusionl The partial exons of SHBG gene were determined successfully, which provides a basis for further research on the structure, accurate determination and allocation of SHBG gene in pig.展开更多
Objective:The morbidity of malignant melanoma keeps increasing annually.It has high risks of metastasis,drug resistance,and poor prognosis in clinics.Moreover,the available medicines used commonly,such as dacarbazine,...Objective:The morbidity of malignant melanoma keeps increasing annually.It has high risks of metastasis,drug resistance,and poor prognosis in clinics.Moreover,the available medicines used commonly,such as dacarbazine,temozolomide,the v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BRAF)inhibitor vemurafenib,and the programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor pembrolizumab,have some limitations at some extent.Therefore,a more effective therapeutic strategy is still urgently necessary.Methods:In this study,Brucea javanica(L.)Merr.globulins were hydrolyzed with pepsin,then ultra-filtrated to collect small molecular peptides(≤3 kDa).The peptides were then analyzed by antiproliferative assay,cell-cycle distribution,apoptosis assay,and in vitro wound-scratch assay.Finally,western blotting was conducted to elucidate the underlying anti-melanoma mechanism.Results:The small molecular peptide from B.javanica significantly inhibited malignant melanoma cell proliferation with the IC_(50) of 2.72 mg/mL for 72 h.Further analysis indicated that B.javanica peptides arrested cell cycle at the S and G2/M phases and induced apoptosis by upregulating p21,p53,Bax,caspase-3,and cleaved PARP while downregulating Bcl-2 expression.The inhibitory migration effects were also confirmed by wound-healing assay.Conclusion:The small molecular biopeptides from B.javanica may be a promising bioactive agent candidate for melanoma treatment.展开更多
Anti-thymocyte globulin(ATG)is a pivotal immunosuppressive therapy utilized in the management of T-cell-mediated rejection and steroid-resistant rejection among renal transplant recipients.Commercially available as Th...Anti-thymocyte globulin(ATG)is a pivotal immunosuppressive therapy utilized in the management of T-cell-mediated rejection and steroid-resistant rejection among renal transplant recipients.Commercially available as Thymoglobulin(rabbit-derived,Sanofi,United States),ATG-Fresenius S(rabbit-derived),and ATGAM(equine-derived,Pfizer,United States),these formulations share a common mechanism of action centered on their interaction with cell surface markers of immune cells,imparting immunosuppressive effects.Although the prevailing mechanism predominantly involves T-cell depletion via the complement-mediated pathway,alternate mechanisms have been elucidated.Optimal dosing and treatment duration of ATG have exhibited variance across randomised trials and clinical reports,rendering the establishment of standardized guidelines a challenge.The spectrum of risks associated with ATG administration spans from transient adverse effects such as fever,chills,and skin rash in the acute phase to long-term concerns related to immunosuppression,including susceptibility to infections and malignancies.This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough exploration of the current understanding of ATG,encompassing its mechanism of action,clinical utility in the treatment of acute renal graft rejections,specifically steroid-resistant cases,efficacy in rejection episode reversal,and a synthesis of findings from different eras of maintenance immunosuppression.Additionally,it delves into the adverse effects associated with ATG therapy and its impact on long-term graft function.Furthermore,the review underscores the existing gaps in evidence,particularly in the context of the Banff classification of rejections,and highlights the challenges faced by clinicians when navigating the available literature to strike the optimal balance between the risks and benefits of ATG utilization in renal transplantation.展开更多
We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study to evaluate the role of genetics in determining the individual difference in total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels. Study participants comprise...We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study to evaluate the role of genetics in determining the individual difference in total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels. Study participants comprised 730 Korean men consisting of 142 pairs of monozygotic twins, 191 pairs of siblings, and 259 father-offspring pairs from 270 families who participated in the Healthy Twin study. Serum concentration of total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay, and free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone were calculated using Vermeulen＇s method. Quantitative genetic analysis based on a variance decomposition model showed that the heritability of total testosterone, free testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were 0.56, 0.45, 0.44, and 0.69, respectively after accounting for age and body mass index. Proportions of variance explained by age and body mass index varied across different traits, from 8% for total testosterone to 31% for sex hormone-binding globulin. Bivariate analysis showed a high degree of additive genetic correlation （p~ = 0.67） and a moderate degree of individual-specific environmental correlation （PE = 0.42） between total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin. The findings confirmed the important role of genetics in determining the individually different levels of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin during adulthood in Korean men as found in non-Asian populations, which may suggest that common biologic control for determining testosterone level directly or indirectly through binding protein are largely shared among different populations.展开更多
The pretreatment serum albumin/globulin ratio (AGR)has been used as a prognostic biomarker for various cancer types.However, the prognostic value of the AGR for prostate cancer,especially for metastatic prostate cance...The pretreatment serum albumin/globulin ratio (AGR)has been used as a prognostic biomarker for various cancer types.However, the prognostic value of the AGR for prostate cancer,especially for metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa)after maximal androgen blockade (MAB),remains unclear.The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the pretreatment serum AGR for mPCa treated with MAB.This retrospective study included 214 mPCa patients receiving MAB from October 2007 to March 2017. The correlation of the AGR with survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models.The cutoff value of the AGR was 1.45 according to the receiver operating characteristic curve.Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with a low AGR (<1.45)had poor outcomes in terms of progression-free survival (PFS)and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Multivariate Cox analyses showed that the AGR was an independent predictor of PFS (hazard ratio [HR]=0.642;95%confidence interval [CI]:0.430-0.957;P=0.030)and CSS (HR =0.412;95%CI:0.259-0.654;P<0.001).Furthermore,in a subset of 79 patients with normal serum albumin levels (≥40.0 g l^-1),the serum AGR remained an independent predictor of CSS (P=0.009). The pretreatment AGR was an independent prognostic biomarker for PFS and CSS in patients with mPCa receiving MAB.In addition,the AGR remained effective for the prediction of CSS in patients with normal albumin levels (≥40 g l^-1).However,further prospective studies are needed to confirm our conclusions.展开更多
Two soy protein 11S fractions with different surface sulfhydryl contents were prepared.Utilizing analytical ultracentrifugation,the effects of storage time and hydrogen peroxide at different concentrations(0.5-100 mmo...Two soy protein 11S fractions with different surface sulfhydryl contents were prepared.Utilizing analytical ultracentrifugation,the effects of storage time and hydrogen peroxide at different concentrations(0.5-100 mmol/L)on the two 11S fractions were investigated.Results show that after removing 2-mercaptoethanol(2-ME)by size exclusion chromatography,the 11S fraction with high surface sulfhydryl content(2.0 mol sulfhydryl/mol 11S)progressively formed 15S and 21S in dilute solutions during storage at 4℃ for 82 days.While,the 11s fraction with low surface sulfhydryl content(0.2 mol sulfhydryl/mol 11S)was stable under the same condition.Moreover,after treating the 11s with high surface sulfhydryl content with 1 mmol/L H_(2)O_(2),the weight percentage of 15S reached the maximum value of 20%.The 15S induced by air and H_(2)O_(2)could be totally converted to 11S with the addition of 10 mmol/L 2-ME,which could be attributed to that the disulfide bond linking two 11S molecules is on the surface of the 15S and easily accessible to the reducing agent 2-ME.This study helps us to deeply understand the formation mechanism of 15S and the stability of 11S.展开更多
Waldenström macroglobulinemia(WM)is characterized by lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma associated with large amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin M(IgM)protein(Owen et al.,2003).Common signs and symptoms include fatigue...Waldenström macroglobulinemia(WM)is characterized by lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma associated with large amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin M(IgM)protein(Owen et al.,2003).Common signs and symptoms include fatigue due to anemia,lymph node enlargement,hepatosplenomegaly,thrombocytopenia,symptoms related to high viscosity,and peripheral neuropathy,among others.Despite significant advances in WM treatment,this type of indolent lymphoma remains incurable,with a wide array of patient outcomes(Ruan et al.,2020).In recent years,chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy targeting cluster of differentiation 19(CD19)has shown unprecedented response rates and durability in the treatment of B-cell malignancies.In this report,we describe a challenging case of WM that involved multiple extramedullary sites,relapsed,and was refractory to chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and targeted therapy.After anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy,the tumor burden significantly decreased and the patient’s condition remained stable at the writing of this report.展开更多
This paper described the therapeutic efficacy of immunosuppressive (IS) treatment agents (ATG and CSA) and androgens in the treatment of childhood aplastic anemia (AA). The results showed that the overall curative rat...This paper described the therapeutic efficacy of immunosuppressive (IS) treatment agents (ATG and CSA) and androgens in the treatment of childhood aplastic anemia (AA). The results showed that the overall curative rate was 52.4% in the ATG therapy group (21 cases) and 58.3% in the CSA therapy group (12 cases) respectively. The effective rate of all patients (SAA and CAA) was 58.1% in the IS group (18/31) and 40.4% in the androgens group (42/104), P】0.05. But, in the childhood patients with SAA, the clinical effective rate was 68.4% in the IS group and 7.9% in the androgens group, P【0.01. The laboratory tests revealed that the majority of the AA patients displalyed abnormal immunological states: inversed CD4/ CD8 ratio and increased IL-2 activity. These abnormal immunological states could be normalized in several patients when clinical response was abtained following IS therapy with ATG and CSA.展开更多
This paper attempts to evaluate the banding patterns of non-gluten protein isolates from the grain of durum wheat varieties. Under reduced condition, polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis has revealed a number of differe...This paper attempts to evaluate the banding patterns of non-gluten protein isolates from the grain of durum wheat varieties. Under reduced condition, polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis has revealed a number of different sized albumin and globulin protein bands. The electrophoretic pattern of globulin showed more polymorphisms than that of albumin. High polymorphism, both in band intensity and occurrence, was observed between 15 kDa and 35 kDa. Most of the protein bands were scored in the range of 10 kDa and 85 kDa in the two protein fractions. At a cutoff point 2.5, cluster analysis based on the SDS-PAGE of globulin proteins classified the durum wheat varieties into three major family groups. Generally, the experiment showed the suitability and usefulness of globulin protein fractions as a genetic marker in discriminating durum wheat genotypes.展开更多
文摘AIM： To establish a simple model consisting of the rou- tine laboratory variables to predict both minimal fibrosis and cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B virus （HBV）-infected patients. METHODS： We retrospectively investigated 114 chron- ic HBV-infected patients who underwent liver biopsy in two different hospitals. Thirteen parameters were analyzed by step-wise regression analysis and correla- tion analysis. A new fibrosis index [globulin/platelet （GP） model] was developed, including globulin （GLOB） and platelet count （PLT）. GP model = GLOB （g/mL） x 100/PLT （x 109/L）. We evaluated the receiver operating characteristics analysis used to predict minimal fibrosis and compared six other available models. RESULTS： Thirteen clinical biochemical and hemato- logical variables [sex, age, PLT, alanine aminotransfer- ase, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, albumin, GLOB, total bilirubin （T.bil）, direct bilirubin （D.bil）, glutamyl-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, HBV DNA and pro- thrombin time （PT）] were analyzed according to three stages of liver fibrosis （F0-F1, F2-F3 and F4）. Bivariate Spearman＇s rank correlation analysis showed that six variables, including age, PLT, T.bil, D.bil, GLOB and PT, were correlated with the three fibrosis stages （FS）. Cor- relation coefficients were 0.23, -0.412, 0.208, 0.220, 0.314 and 0.212; and P value was 0.014, 〈 0.001, 0.026, 0.018, 0.001 and 0.024, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that only PLT and GLOB were signifi- cantly different in the three FS （PLT： F = 11.772, P 〈 0.001; GLOB： F = 6.612, P = 0.002）. Step-wise multiple regression analysis showed that PLT and GLOB were also independently correlated with FS （R2 = 0.237）. By Spearman＇s rank correlation analysis, GP model was significantly correlated with the three FS （r = 0.466, P 〈 0.001）. The median values in F0-F1, F2-F3 and F4 were 1.461, 1.720 and 2.634. Compared with the six available models （fibrosis index, AST-platelet ratio, FIB-4, fibrosis-cirrhosis index and age-AST model and age-PLT ratio）, GP model showed a highest correlation coefficient. The sensitivity and positive predictive value at a cutoff value 〈 1.68 for predicting minimal fibrosis F0-F1 were 72.4% and 71.2%, respectively. The speci- ficity and negative predictive value at a cutoff value 〈 2.53 for the prediction of cirrhosis were 84.5% and 96.7%. The area under the curve （AUC） of GP model for predicting minimal fibrosis and cirrhosis was 0.762 [95% confidence interval （CI）： 0.676-0.848] and 0.781 （95% CI： 0.638-0.924）. Although the differences were not statistically significant between GP model and the other models （P all 〉 0.05）, the AUC of GP model was the largest among the seven models. CONCLUSION： By establishing a simple model using available laboratory variables, chronic HBV-infected patients with minimal fibrosis and cirrhosis can be di- agnosed accurately, and the clinical application of this model may reduce the need for liver biopsy in HBV- infected patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81100855)the Scientific Program of Ministry of Education, China (201201201401)the Education Department of Jilin Province, China (20132014)
文摘Previous studies have identified a diverse set of predisposing factors for the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation （HT）, but the independent clinical predictors of HT after intra- arterial thrombolysis have not been determined. In this retrospective study, we investigated the characteristics of patients with or without HT who had received intra-arterial thrombolysis therapy, using biochemical analysis, renal function test, routine blood test, blood lipid test, coagulation blood test, liver function test, random blood glucose test, time- window for intra-arterial thrombolysis, recanalization, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS） score and systolic blood pressure before intra-artedal thrombolysis. The mortality rates were similar in the HT and non-HT groups （P = 0.944）. In the single- factor analysis, patients with a higher globulin level （P 〈0.002）, prothrombin time activity percentage （PTA; P = 0.026）, and NIHSS score （P = 0.002）, had a significantly increased risk of developing HT. In the multifactor logistic regression model involving globulin level, PTA, white blood cell count, and NIHSS score, the globulin level （P 〈0.001; OR, 1.185; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.090-1.288）, PTA （P = 0.018; OR, 1.016; 95% CI, 1.003-1.029）, white blood cell count （P = 0.025; OR, 1.097; 95% CI, 1.012-1.190） and NIHSS score （P = 0.003; OR, 1.097; 95% CI, 1.031-1.166） were significantly increased in the HT group. The increase in globulin level is an independent risk factor for HT in patients receiving intra-arterial thrombolysis. The possible mechanisms may involve inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and positive acute-phase reactants synthesized by the liver.
文摘BACKGROUND: Combined hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) and lamivudine in prophylaxis of the recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation has significantly improved the survival of HBsAg positive patients. This study was undertaken to evaluate the outcomes of liver transplantation for patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV). METHODS: A retrospective chart analysis and a review of the organ transplant database identified 51 patients (43 men and 8 women) transplanted for benign HBV-related cirrhotic diseases between June 2002 and December 2004 who had survived more than 3 months. HBIg was administered intravenously during the first week and intramuscularly thereafter. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 14.1 months, the overall recurrence rate in the 51 patients was 3.9% (2/51). The overall patient survival was 88.3%, and 82.4% after 1 and 2 years, respectively. A daily oral dose of 100 mg lamivudine for 2 weeks before transplantation for 10 patients enabled 57.1% (4/7) and 62.5% (5/8) of HBV-DNA and HBeAg positive patients respectively to convert to be negative. Intramuscular HBIg was well tolerated in all patients. CONCLUSION: Lamivudine combined with intramuscular HBIg can effectively prevent allograft from the recurrence of HBV after liver transplantation.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hebei Health Commission,No.20210197.
文摘BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic transformation(HT)is a common complication in patients with cerebral infarction.However,its pathogenesis is poorly understood.The knowledge of factors that may increase risk for HT may help in improving the safety of thrombolytic therapy.AIM To investigate the predictive value of serum calcium,albumin,globulin and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)levels for HT after intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)in patients with acute cerebral infarction.METHODS Five hundred patients with acute cerebral infarction who received IVT with alteplase within 4.5 h after the onset of disease between January 2018 and January 2021 at our hospital were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into groups based on computed tomography scan results of the brain made within 36 h after thrombolysis.Forty patients with HT were enrolled in an observation group and 460 patients without HT were enrolled in a control group.Serum calcium,albumin,globulin and MMP-9 levels were compared between the two groups.Regression analysis was used to discuss the relationship between these indices and HT.RESULTS The previous history of hypertension,diabetes,atrial fibrillation,cerebrovascular diseases,smoking and alcohol intake were not associated with HT after IVT in patients with acute cerebral infarction(all P>0.05).The National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NHISS)score was associated with HT after IVT in patients with acute cerebral infarction(P<0.05).The serum calcium and albumin levels were lower in the observation group than in the control group(all P<0.05).The levels of globulin and MMP-9 were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(all P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that NHISS score,serum calcium,albumin,globulins and MMP-9 were independent factors influencing the occurrence of HT following IVT in patients with cerebral infarction(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Serum calcium,albumin,globulin and MMP-9 levels are risk factors for HT after IVT in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Moreover,NHISS score can be used as a predictor of post-thrombolytic HT.
文摘AIM: To investigate the impact of high-dose hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG) on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and hepatitis B virus(HBV) recurrence and overall survival after living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).METHODS: We investigated 168 patients who underwent LDLT due to HCC, and who were HBV-DNA/hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag)-positive, from January 2008 to December 2013. After assessing whether the patients met the Milan criteria, they were assigned to the low-dose HBIG group and high-dose HBIG group. Using the propensity score 1:1 matching method, 38 and 18 pairs were defined as adhering to and not adhering to the Milan criteria. For each pair, HCC recurrence, HBV recurrence and overall survival were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log rank test according to the HBIG dose. RESULTS: Among those who met the Milan criteria, the 6-mo, 1-year, and 3-year HCC recurrence-free survival rates were 88.9%, 83.2%, and 83.2% in the low-dose HBIG group and 97.2%, 97.2%, and 97.2% in the high-dose HBIG group, respectively(P = 0.042).In contrast, among those who did not meet the Milan criteria, HCC recurrence did not differ according to the HBIG dose(P = 0.937). Moreover, HBV recurrence and overall survival did not differ according to the HBIG dose among those who met(P = 0.317 and 0.190, respectively) and did not meet(P = 0.350 and 0.987, respectively) the Milan criteria. CONCLUSION: High-dose HBIG therapy can reduce HCC recurrence in HBV-DNA/HBe Ag-positive patients after LDLT.
文摘This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P 〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.
基金the financial support by the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology (No. SKLDB2018-002)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31871805 & No. 31501437)+1 种基金Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Plateau Discipline Construction Program)China Agriculture Research System (CARS-08-D2)。
文摘Components with strong adsorption capacity for cholates from buckwheat proteins were screened, separated and purified by several methods, and the effects of ultra-high-pressure(UHP) on the structure and function of buckwheat 13S globulin(BW13SG) were studied. Samples were treated by UHP at different p H(3.0 and 7.0) value(s) and at 100–500 MPa for 10–30 min. The results showed that the tertiary structure of BW13SG was partially denatured and aggregated. The decrease in the unordered structure indicated that UHP resulted in a looser secondary structure of BW13SG. UHP treatment also increased solubility, emulsion activity and stability, foaming capacity and stability. The samples treated at 500 MPa, p H 3.0 for 30 min had the most enhanced functionality. Moreover, under this condition, the sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate adsorption capacities of BW13SG were both higher than 98% and the adsorption capacity of sodium taurocholate, which can be difficult to adsorb, was higher than 60%.
文摘Acute viral myocarditis is an extremely diverse disease with a predictable good outcome with supportive therapy. The objective of this study was to look at the clinical outcome of patients receiving additional intravenous gamma globulin compared to those receiving conventional anti-congestive therapy alone. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective review of charts of children admitted with acute myocarditis. Group 1 was children who received intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG) along with conventional anti-congestive therapy. Group 2 were patients who received the conventional anticongestive therapy alone. Short-term outcome was survival to hospital discharge, and mid-term outcome was improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction at 6 months and one year follow-up. Results: A total of 36 patients were enrolled and 18 were males. The mean age of all patients was 2.3 ± 2.6 years and the mean duration of illness for the whole group was 6.7 ± 3.8 days. Group 1 comprised of 16 patients. There was no difference in short-term outcome with mortality of 2 patients in Group1 (12.5%) and 3(15%) in Group 2 (p = 0.2). At intermediate term follow up, recovery of ejection fraction in Group 1 was in 4/14 (28%) and in Group 2 it was 9/17 (55%) and at 12 months it was 10/13 (77%) in Group 1 and 15/16 (94%) in Group 2 (p = 0.02 and 0.19 respectively). Conclusion: Acute myocarditis has a high spontaneous cure rate. Our study did not show any significant difference in the short-term or midterm outcome between children receiving IVIG compared to those who did not.
基金the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)clinical research base contribution subject of the State Administration of TCM of China(JDZX2012039)special scientific research of Chinese Medicine Industry of the State Administration of TCM of China(201207001)
文摘Objective To identify significant factors related to the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 （apoB/A1） ratio and investigate the association between the apoB/A1 ratio and metabolic syndrome （MS） in polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） women. Methods Totally 307 subjects with PCOS were collected and recruited fulfilling the revised 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria. MS was diagnosed by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult treatment Panel （NCEP-ATP） III criteria. Results The prevalence of MS in PCOS women was 31.6%, whose average age was 26.2 ___＋ 5.2 years. The apoB/A1 ratio was significantly correlated with age, body mass index （BM1）, waist circumference （WC）, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, metabolic abnormalities, sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG）, and free androgen index. In addition, SHBG had a significant association with all five component risk of MS. The increasing apoB/A1 ratio was associated with the prevalence of MS and was one of the risk factors of MS. Conclusion SHBG was considered as an additional potential factor in predicting the metabolic abnormity in PCOS women. The apoB/A1 ratio is associated with SHBG and might be an indicator of MS in PCOS women.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81570711National Clinical Key College Fund and the Key Platform Foundation of Science and Technology for the Universities in Liaoning Province,No.16010
文摘BACKGROUND Thyroxine-binding globulin(TBG;the gene product of SERPINA7)is the main transporter of thyroid hormones in humans.Mutations in the TBG gene may lead to inherited TBG deficiency.There have been 28 reported mutations that associate with complete TBG deficiency(TBG-CD).Here we identified a novel frameshift mutation causing early termination of the TBG protein and TBG-CD in a Chinese family.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old Chinese man was referred to our hospital with normal free thyroxine,free triiodothyronine,thyrotropin,but lower total thyroxine and total triiodothyronine,and undetectable serum TBG,indicative of TBG-CD.Blood samples were obtained from the patient’s family members and thyroid function and serum TBG were evaluated.Genomic DNA from peripheral blood was sequenced to detect possible TBG mutation(s).Quantitative PCR high-resolution melting curve analysis was used to screen TBG-Poly(L283F)among 117 Chinese men.A novel mutation of TBG(p.Phe135Alafs*21),a 19-nucleotide insertion in exon 1,was identified,which resulted in a truncated TBG protein product and caused TBG-CD.The other mutation,identified in the proband’s father,is a known polymorphism,TBG-Poly(L283F).The frequency of the TBG-Poly allele among 117 unrelated Han Chinese men from northeast China was 21.37%.CONCLUSION A novel mutation in the TBG gene associated with the TBG-CD phenotype was identified in a Chinese family.Additionally,it was found that 21.37%of Chinese males had TBG-Poly(L283F).
基金funded by Zhongyuan Scholars in Henan Province(192101510004)Major Science and Technology Projects for Public Welfare of Henan Province(201300110300)+2 种基金Innovation Demonstration Special Project of Henan Province(201111110100)financially supported by Key Project Foundation of Natural Science Research of Universities of Henan Province in China(20A550004)Fundamental Research Funds for the Henan Provincial Colleges and Universities in Henan University of Technology(HAUT)and High-Level Talents Research Fund of HAUT(2018QNJH13,and 2018BS012)。
文摘Wheat embryo globulin(WEG)has been proven to possess multiple biological activities,including antioxidative properties,immunomodulatory,and so on.Aged mouse model were established by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose(D-gal),and the effects of WEG on learning,memory,and antioxidant capacity in aging mice were explored through behavioural tests and antioxidant enzyme activities determination.Compared with the Model group,WEG improved the percentage of the platform quadrant,increased the number of crossing platforms,and enhanced the identification indexs.WEG also increased total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities in the liver and brains of aging mice,and reduced malondialdehyde(MDA)content.Pathological observations indicated that WEG protected against damage to brain in D-gal-induced aging mice.These results effectively revealed that WEG not only improved the abilities of learning and memory,and the cognitive impairment,but also delayed the aging process of the D-gal-induced mice.
基金supported by the Youth Innovation Fund Projectof Dean(200933)the National 863 Project(2007AA10Z171)Subjects of National Support Schemes(2006BAD01A08-09 and 2008BADB2B02-11)
文摘[Objedive] To clone the partial exons of sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG） gene in pig and provide experimental references for ac- curate separation and allocation of SHBG gene in pig. [Method] According to the sequences of SHBG gene in human and cow, one pair of primers was designed to amplify the DNA sequences of SHBG gene in pig, and the partial exons of SHBG gene were determined according to the principles of comparative genomics. Then the sequences and homology were analyzed. [ Result] The amplified SHBG gene was 841 bp in size, and its se- quences had 100.00% nucleotide homology to the CH242-411 E2 fragment on pig chromosome 12. The determined exon 4, exon 5 and exon 6 of SHBG gene were 162, 159 and 156 bp in size, respectively, and the amino acids sequences encoded by these three exons had 74.51% homology to that of human and 73.86% homology to that of cow, respectively. [ Conclusionl The partial exons of SHBG gene were determined successfully, which provides a basis for further research on the structure, accurate determination and allocation of SHBG gene in pig.
基金This experiment was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81872972).
文摘Objective:The morbidity of malignant melanoma keeps increasing annually.It has high risks of metastasis,drug resistance,and poor prognosis in clinics.Moreover,the available medicines used commonly,such as dacarbazine,temozolomide,the v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BRAF)inhibitor vemurafenib,and the programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor pembrolizumab,have some limitations at some extent.Therefore,a more effective therapeutic strategy is still urgently necessary.Methods:In this study,Brucea javanica(L.)Merr.globulins were hydrolyzed with pepsin,then ultra-filtrated to collect small molecular peptides(≤3 kDa).The peptides were then analyzed by antiproliferative assay,cell-cycle distribution,apoptosis assay,and in vitro wound-scratch assay.Finally,western blotting was conducted to elucidate the underlying anti-melanoma mechanism.Results:The small molecular peptide from B.javanica significantly inhibited malignant melanoma cell proliferation with the IC_(50) of 2.72 mg/mL for 72 h.Further analysis indicated that B.javanica peptides arrested cell cycle at the S and G2/M phases and induced apoptosis by upregulating p21,p53,Bax,caspase-3,and cleaved PARP while downregulating Bcl-2 expression.The inhibitory migration effects were also confirmed by wound-healing assay.Conclusion:The small molecular biopeptides from B.javanica may be a promising bioactive agent candidate for melanoma treatment.
文摘Anti-thymocyte globulin(ATG)is a pivotal immunosuppressive therapy utilized in the management of T-cell-mediated rejection and steroid-resistant rejection among renal transplant recipients.Commercially available as Thymoglobulin(rabbit-derived,Sanofi,United States),ATG-Fresenius S(rabbit-derived),and ATGAM(equine-derived,Pfizer,United States),these formulations share a common mechanism of action centered on their interaction with cell surface markers of immune cells,imparting immunosuppressive effects.Although the prevailing mechanism predominantly involves T-cell depletion via the complement-mediated pathway,alternate mechanisms have been elucidated.Optimal dosing and treatment duration of ATG have exhibited variance across randomised trials and clinical reports,rendering the establishment of standardized guidelines a challenge.The spectrum of risks associated with ATG administration spans from transient adverse effects such as fever,chills,and skin rash in the acute phase to long-term concerns related to immunosuppression,including susceptibility to infections and malignancies.This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough exploration of the current understanding of ATG,encompassing its mechanism of action,clinical utility in the treatment of acute renal graft rejections,specifically steroid-resistant cases,efficacy in rejection episode reversal,and a synthesis of findings from different eras of maintenance immunosuppression.Additionally,it delves into the adverse effects associated with ATG therapy and its impact on long-term graft function.Furthermore,the review underscores the existing gaps in evidence,particularly in the context of the Banff classification of rejections,and highlights the challenges faced by clinicians when navigating the available literature to strike the optimal balance between the risks and benefits of ATG utilization in renal transplantation.
文摘We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study to evaluate the role of genetics in determining the individual difference in total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels. Study participants comprised 730 Korean men consisting of 142 pairs of monozygotic twins, 191 pairs of siblings, and 259 father-offspring pairs from 270 families who participated in the Healthy Twin study. Serum concentration of total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay, and free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone were calculated using Vermeulen＇s method. Quantitative genetic analysis based on a variance decomposition model showed that the heritability of total testosterone, free testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were 0.56, 0.45, 0.44, and 0.69, respectively after accounting for age and body mass index. Proportions of variance explained by age and body mass index varied across different traits, from 8% for total testosterone to 31% for sex hormone-binding globulin. Bivariate analysis showed a high degree of additive genetic correlation （p~ = 0.67） and a moderate degree of individual-specific environmental correlation （PE = 0.42） between total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin. The findings confirmed the important role of genetics in determining the individually different levels of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin during adulthood in Korean men as found in non-Asian populations, which may suggest that common biologic control for determining testosterone level directly or indirectly through binding protein are largely shared among different populations.
文摘The pretreatment serum albumin/globulin ratio (AGR)has been used as a prognostic biomarker for various cancer types.However, the prognostic value of the AGR for prostate cancer,especially for metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa)after maximal androgen blockade (MAB),remains unclear.The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the pretreatment serum AGR for mPCa treated with MAB.This retrospective study included 214 mPCa patients receiving MAB from October 2007 to March 2017. The correlation of the AGR with survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models.The cutoff value of the AGR was 1.45 according to the receiver operating characteristic curve.Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with a low AGR (<1.45)had poor outcomes in terms of progression-free survival (PFS)and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Multivariate Cox analyses showed that the AGR was an independent predictor of PFS (hazard ratio [HR]=0.642;95%confidence interval [CI]:0.430-0.957;P=0.030)and CSS (HR =0.412;95%CI:0.259-0.654;P<0.001).Furthermore,in a subset of 79 patients with normal serum albumin levels (≥40.0 g l^-1),the serum AGR remained an independent predictor of CSS (P=0.009). The pretreatment AGR was an independent prognostic biomarker for PFS and CSS in patients with mPCa receiving MAB.In addition,the AGR remained effective for the prediction of CSS in patients with normal albumin levels (≥40 g l^-1).However,further prospective studies are needed to confirm our conclusions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22173092 and No.21674107).
文摘Two soy protein 11S fractions with different surface sulfhydryl contents were prepared.Utilizing analytical ultracentrifugation,the effects of storage time and hydrogen peroxide at different concentrations(0.5-100 mmol/L)on the two 11S fractions were investigated.Results show that after removing 2-mercaptoethanol(2-ME)by size exclusion chromatography,the 11S fraction with high surface sulfhydryl content(2.0 mol sulfhydryl/mol 11S)progressively formed 15S and 21S in dilute solutions during storage at 4℃ for 82 days.While,the 11s fraction with low surface sulfhydryl content(0.2 mol sulfhydryl/mol 11S)was stable under the same condition.Moreover,after treating the 11s with high surface sulfhydryl content with 1 mmol/L H_(2)O_(2),the weight percentage of 15S reached the maximum value of 20%.The 15S induced by air and H_(2)O_(2)could be totally converted to 11S with the addition of 10 mmol/L 2-ME,which could be attributed to that the disulfide bond linking two 11S molecules is on the surface of the 15S and easily accessible to the reducing agent 2-ME.This study helps us to deeply understand the formation mechanism of 15S and the stability of 11S.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Key Research and Development Project(No.2020C03014).
文摘Waldenström macroglobulinemia(WM)is characterized by lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma associated with large amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin M(IgM)protein(Owen et al.,2003).Common signs and symptoms include fatigue due to anemia,lymph node enlargement,hepatosplenomegaly,thrombocytopenia,symptoms related to high viscosity,and peripheral neuropathy,among others.Despite significant advances in WM treatment,this type of indolent lymphoma remains incurable,with a wide array of patient outcomes(Ruan et al.,2020).In recent years,chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy targeting cluster of differentiation 19(CD19)has shown unprecedented response rates and durability in the treatment of B-cell malignancies.In this report,we describe a challenging case of WM that involved multiple extramedullary sites,relapsed,and was refractory to chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and targeted therapy.After anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy,the tumor burden significantly decreased and the patient’s condition remained stable at the writing of this report.
文摘This paper described the therapeutic efficacy of immunosuppressive (IS) treatment agents (ATG and CSA) and androgens in the treatment of childhood aplastic anemia (AA). The results showed that the overall curative rate was 52.4% in the ATG therapy group (21 cases) and 58.3% in the CSA therapy group (12 cases) respectively. The effective rate of all patients (SAA and CAA) was 58.1% in the IS group (18/31) and 40.4% in the androgens group (42/104), P】0.05. But, in the childhood patients with SAA, the clinical effective rate was 68.4% in the IS group and 7.9% in the androgens group, P【0.01. The laboratory tests revealed that the majority of the AA patients displalyed abnormal immunological states: inversed CD4/ CD8 ratio and increased IL-2 activity. These abnormal immunological states could be normalized in several patients when clinical response was abtained following IS therapy with ATG and CSA.
文摘This paper attempts to evaluate the banding patterns of non-gluten protein isolates from the grain of durum wheat varieties. Under reduced condition, polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis has revealed a number of different sized albumin and globulin protein bands. The electrophoretic pattern of globulin showed more polymorphisms than that of albumin. High polymorphism, both in band intensity and occurrence, was observed between 15 kDa and 35 kDa. Most of the protein bands were scored in the range of 10 kDa and 85 kDa in the two protein fractions. At a cutoff point 2.5, cluster analysis based on the SDS-PAGE of globulin proteins classified the durum wheat varieties into three major family groups. Generally, the experiment showed the suitability and usefulness of globulin protein fractions as a genetic marker in discriminating durum wheat genotypes.
