Climate models are essential for understanding past,present,and future changes in atmospheric circulation,with circulation modes providing key sources of seasonal predictability and prediction uncertainties for both g...Climate models are essential for understanding past,present,and future changes in atmospheric circulation,with circulation modes providing key sources of seasonal predictability and prediction uncertainties for both global and regional climates.This study assesses the performance of models participating in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project in simulating interannual variability modes of Northern Hemisphere 500-hPa geopotential height during winter and summer,distinguishing predictable(potentially predictable on seasonal or longer timescales)and unpredictable(intraseasonal and essentially unpredictable at long range)components,using reanalysis data and a variance decomposition method.Although most models effectively capture unpredictable modes in reanalysis,their ability to reproduce dominant predictable modes-specifically the Pacific-North American pattern,Arctic Oscillation,and Western Pacific Oscillation in winter,and the East Atlantic and North Atlantic Oscillations in summer-varies notably.An optimal ensemble is identified to distinguish(a)predictable-external modes,dominated by external forcing,and(b)predictable-internal modes,associated with slow internal variability,during the historical period(1950-2014)and the SSP5-8.5 scenario(2036-2100).Under increased radiative forcing,the leading winter/summer predictable-external mode exhibits a more uniform spatial distribution,remarkably larger trend and annual variance,and enhanced height-sea surface temperature(SST)covariance under SSP5-8.5 compared to historical conditions.The dominant winter/summer predictable-internal modes also exhibit increased variance and height-SST covariance under SSP5-8.5,along with localized changes in spatial configuration.Minimal changes are observed in spatial distribution or variance for dominant winter/summer unpredictable modes under SSP5-8.5.This study,from a predictive perspective,deepens our understanding of model uncertainties and projected changes in circulations.展开更多
A novel dammarane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, named ginsenoside-Rg6 3, was isolated from the stem-leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., together with two known ones, 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg2 1 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg2...A novel dammarane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, named ginsenoside-Rg6 3, was isolated from the stem-leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., together with two known ones, 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg2 1 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg2 2. On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence , the structure of ginsenoside-Rg6 have been elucidated as 6-O-(-L-rhamnosyl-(1?2)-(-D-glucopyranosyl-dammarane-(E)-20(22), 24-diene-3(, 6(, 12(-triol.展开更多
The advent of sixth-generation(6G)networks introduces unprecedented challenges in achieving seamless connectivity,ultra-low latency,and efficient resource management in highly dynamic environments.Although fifth-gener...The advent of sixth-generation(6G)networks introduces unprecedented challenges in achieving seamless connectivity,ultra-low latency,and efficient resource management in highly dynamic environments.Although fifth-generation(5G)networks transformed mobile broadband and machine-type communications at massive scales,their properties of scaling,interference management,and latency remain a limitation in dense high mobility settings.To overcome these limitations,artificial intelligence(AI)and unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have emerged as potential solutions to develop versatile,dynamic,and energy-efficient communication systems.The study proposes an AI-based UAV architecture that utilizes cooperative reinforcement learning(CoRL)to manage an autonomous network.The UAVs collaborate by sharing local observations and real-time state exchanges to optimize user connectivity,movement directions,allocate power,and resource distribution.Unlike conventional centralized or autonomous methods,CoRL involves joint state sharing and conflict-sensitive reward shaping,which ensures fair coverage,less interference,and enhanced adaptability in a dynamic urban environment.Simulations conducted in smart city scenarios with 10 UAVs and 50 ground users demonstrate that the proposed CoRL-based UAV system increases user coverage by up to 10%,achieves convergence 40%faster,and reduces latency and energy consumption by 30%compared with centralized and decentralized baselines.Furthermore,the distributed nature of the algorithm ensures scalability and flexibility,making it well-suited for future large-scale 6G deployments.The results highlighted that AI-enabled UAV systems enhance connectivity,support ultra-reliable low-latency communications(URLLC),and improve 6G network efficiency.Future work will extend the framework with adaptive modulation,beamforming-aware positioning,and real-world testbed deployment.展开更多
目的分析西安汉族人群CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性及其与吸烟行为的关联性。方法选取2021年9月—2023年6月在西安区域医学检验中心体检的西安汉族居民3500例为研究对象。根据受试者是否吸烟,将其分为吸烟组(2233例)和不吸烟组(1267例),根据...目的分析西安汉族人群CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性及其与吸烟行为的关联性。方法选取2021年9月—2023年6月在西安区域医学检验中心体检的西安汉族居民3500例为研究对象。根据受试者是否吸烟,将其分为吸烟组(2233例)和不吸烟组(1267例),根据吸烟组受试者吸烟程度将其进一步分为轻度吸烟亚组(476例)和重度吸烟亚组(1757例)。采用TaqMan®Copy Number Assays试剂盒检测受试者CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性。结果3500例受试者中,CYP2A6基因拷贝数为0者32例(0.91%),CYP2A6基因拷贝数为1拷贝者632例(18.06%),CYP2A6基因拷贝数为2拷贝者2737例(78.20%),CYP2A6基因拷贝数为≥3拷贝者99例(2.83%)。吸烟组CYP2A6基因拷贝数为0、1拷贝者占比低于不吸烟组,CYP2A6基因拷贝数为2拷贝、≥3拷贝者占比高于不吸烟组(P<0.05)。轻度吸烟亚组与重度吸烟亚组CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论西安汉族人群CYP2A6基因缺失率较高,达18.97%;西安汉族人群CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性与吸烟行为可能存在关联,且CYP2A6基因缺失个体不易形成烟草依赖,而CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性可能与吸烟程度不存在关联。展开更多
The neuroinflammatory response mediated by microglial activation plays an important role in the secondary nerve injury of traumatic brain injury.The post-transcriptional modification of N^(6)-methyladenosine is ubiqui...The neuroinflammatory response mediated by microglial activation plays an important role in the secondary nerve injury of traumatic brain injury.The post-transcriptional modification of N^(6)-methyladenosine is ubiquitous in the immune response of the central nervous system.The fat mass and obesity-related protein catalyzes the demethylation of N^(6)-methyladenosine modifications on mRNA and is widely expressed in various tissues,participating in the regulation of multiple diseases’biological processes.However,the role of fat mass and obesity in microglial activation and the subsequent neuroinflammatory response after traumatic brain injury is unclear.In this study,we found that the expression of fat mass and obesity was significantly down-regulated in both lipopolysaccharide-treated BV2 cells and a traumatic brain injury mouse model.After fat mass and obesity interference,BV2 cells exhibited a pro-inflammatory phenotype as shown by the increased proportion of CD11b^(+)/CD86^(+)cells and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.Fat mass and obesity-mediated N^(6)-methyladenosine demethylation accelerated the degradation of ADAM17 mRNA,while silencing of fat mass and obesity enhanced the stability of ADAM17 mRNA.Therefore,down-regulation of fat mass and obesity expression leads to the abnormally high expression of ADAM17 in microglia.These results indicate that the activation of microglia and neuroinflammatory response regulated by fat mass and obesity-related N^(6)-methyladenosine modification plays an important role in the pro-inflammatory process of secondary injury following traumatic brain injury.展开更多
目的探讨肠道屏障功能、IL-6、血沉(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)指标在克罗恩病合并贫血患者中的变化及应用价值。方法选取2022年6月至2023年4月至南京市第二医院就诊的克罗恩病患者155例。根据血红蛋白检测结果将患者分为贫血...目的探讨肠道屏障功能、IL-6、血沉(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)指标在克罗恩病合并贫血患者中的变化及应用价值。方法选取2022年6月至2023年4月至南京市第二医院就诊的克罗恩病患者155例。根据血红蛋白检测结果将患者分为贫血组(55例)及非贫血组(100例),对两组间DAO、D-LA、BT、IL-6及ESR水平进行比较,并进行相关统计学分析。结果与非贫血组相比,贫血组患者D-LA水平明显降低,IL-6及ESR水平显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组间DAO、BT水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在贫血组中,血清D-LA水平与BT水平呈正相关、与IL-6呈负相关;二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,ESR水平是克罗恩病患者贫血的独立影响因素(OR=1.963,P<0.05);D-LA、IL-6及ESR判断克罗恩病合并贫血的ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.322、0.714、0.737(P均<0.05),DAO及BT的AUC差异无统计学意义。结论克罗恩病合并贫血患者肠道屏障功能、IL-6及ESR水平发生明显变化,做好其分析对克罗恩病患者的贫血发生机制研究以及临床诊疗具有积极意义。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2342210 and 42275043)the National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China(Grant Nos.J2223806,ZDJ2024-25 and ZDJ2025-34)。
文摘Climate models are essential for understanding past,present,and future changes in atmospheric circulation,with circulation modes providing key sources of seasonal predictability and prediction uncertainties for both global and regional climates.This study assesses the performance of models participating in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project in simulating interannual variability modes of Northern Hemisphere 500-hPa geopotential height during winter and summer,distinguishing predictable(potentially predictable on seasonal or longer timescales)and unpredictable(intraseasonal and essentially unpredictable at long range)components,using reanalysis data and a variance decomposition method.Although most models effectively capture unpredictable modes in reanalysis,their ability to reproduce dominant predictable modes-specifically the Pacific-North American pattern,Arctic Oscillation,and Western Pacific Oscillation in winter,and the East Atlantic and North Atlantic Oscillations in summer-varies notably.An optimal ensemble is identified to distinguish(a)predictable-external modes,dominated by external forcing,and(b)predictable-internal modes,associated with slow internal variability,during the historical period(1950-2014)and the SSP5-8.5 scenario(2036-2100).Under increased radiative forcing,the leading winter/summer predictable-external mode exhibits a more uniform spatial distribution,remarkably larger trend and annual variance,and enhanced height-sea surface temperature(SST)covariance under SSP5-8.5 compared to historical conditions.The dominant winter/summer predictable-internal modes also exhibit increased variance and height-SST covariance under SSP5-8.5,along with localized changes in spatial configuration.Minimal changes are observed in spatial distribution or variance for dominant winter/summer unpredictable modes under SSP5-8.5.This study,from a predictive perspective,deepens our understanding of model uncertainties and projected changes in circulations.
基金The Ninth 5-year Plan" Key Science and Technique R & D Programme Foundation of China (96-901-01-12A).
文摘A novel dammarane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, named ginsenoside-Rg6 3, was isolated from the stem-leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., together with two known ones, 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg2 1 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg2 2. On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence , the structure of ginsenoside-Rg6 have been elucidated as 6-O-(-L-rhamnosyl-(1?2)-(-D-glucopyranosyl-dammarane-(E)-20(22), 24-diene-3(, 6(, 12(-triol.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(RS-2025-00559546)supported by the IITP(Institute of Information&Coummunications Technology Planning&Evaluation)-ITRC(Information Technology Research Center)grant funded by the Korea government(Ministry of Science and ICT)(IITP-2025-RS-2023-00259004).
文摘The advent of sixth-generation(6G)networks introduces unprecedented challenges in achieving seamless connectivity,ultra-low latency,and efficient resource management in highly dynamic environments.Although fifth-generation(5G)networks transformed mobile broadband and machine-type communications at massive scales,their properties of scaling,interference management,and latency remain a limitation in dense high mobility settings.To overcome these limitations,artificial intelligence(AI)and unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have emerged as potential solutions to develop versatile,dynamic,and energy-efficient communication systems.The study proposes an AI-based UAV architecture that utilizes cooperative reinforcement learning(CoRL)to manage an autonomous network.The UAVs collaborate by sharing local observations and real-time state exchanges to optimize user connectivity,movement directions,allocate power,and resource distribution.Unlike conventional centralized or autonomous methods,CoRL involves joint state sharing and conflict-sensitive reward shaping,which ensures fair coverage,less interference,and enhanced adaptability in a dynamic urban environment.Simulations conducted in smart city scenarios with 10 UAVs and 50 ground users demonstrate that the proposed CoRL-based UAV system increases user coverage by up to 10%,achieves convergence 40%faster,and reduces latency and energy consumption by 30%compared with centralized and decentralized baselines.Furthermore,the distributed nature of the algorithm ensures scalability and flexibility,making it well-suited for future large-scale 6G deployments.The results highlighted that AI-enabled UAV systems enhance connectivity,support ultra-reliable low-latency communications(URLLC),and improve 6G network efficiency.Future work will extend the framework with adaptive modulation,beamforming-aware positioning,and real-world testbed deployment.
文摘目的分析西安汉族人群CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性及其与吸烟行为的关联性。方法选取2021年9月—2023年6月在西安区域医学检验中心体检的西安汉族居民3500例为研究对象。根据受试者是否吸烟,将其分为吸烟组(2233例)和不吸烟组(1267例),根据吸烟组受试者吸烟程度将其进一步分为轻度吸烟亚组(476例)和重度吸烟亚组(1757例)。采用TaqMan®Copy Number Assays试剂盒检测受试者CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性。结果3500例受试者中,CYP2A6基因拷贝数为0者32例(0.91%),CYP2A6基因拷贝数为1拷贝者632例(18.06%),CYP2A6基因拷贝数为2拷贝者2737例(78.20%),CYP2A6基因拷贝数为≥3拷贝者99例(2.83%)。吸烟组CYP2A6基因拷贝数为0、1拷贝者占比低于不吸烟组,CYP2A6基因拷贝数为2拷贝、≥3拷贝者占比高于不吸烟组(P<0.05)。轻度吸烟亚组与重度吸烟亚组CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论西安汉族人群CYP2A6基因缺失率较高,达18.97%;西安汉族人群CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性与吸烟行为可能存在关联,且CYP2A6基因缺失个体不易形成烟草依赖,而CYP2A6基因拷贝数多态性可能与吸烟程度不存在关联。
基金supported by grants from the Major Projects of Health Science Research Foundation for Middle-Aged and Young Scientist of Fujian Province,China,No.2022ZQNZD01010010the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82371390Fujian Province Scientific Foundation,No.2023J01725(all to XC).
文摘The neuroinflammatory response mediated by microglial activation plays an important role in the secondary nerve injury of traumatic brain injury.The post-transcriptional modification of N^(6)-methyladenosine is ubiquitous in the immune response of the central nervous system.The fat mass and obesity-related protein catalyzes the demethylation of N^(6)-methyladenosine modifications on mRNA and is widely expressed in various tissues,participating in the regulation of multiple diseases’biological processes.However,the role of fat mass and obesity in microglial activation and the subsequent neuroinflammatory response after traumatic brain injury is unclear.In this study,we found that the expression of fat mass and obesity was significantly down-regulated in both lipopolysaccharide-treated BV2 cells and a traumatic brain injury mouse model.After fat mass and obesity interference,BV2 cells exhibited a pro-inflammatory phenotype as shown by the increased proportion of CD11b^(+)/CD86^(+)cells and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.Fat mass and obesity-mediated N^(6)-methyladenosine demethylation accelerated the degradation of ADAM17 mRNA,while silencing of fat mass and obesity enhanced the stability of ADAM17 mRNA.Therefore,down-regulation of fat mass and obesity expression leads to the abnormally high expression of ADAM17 in microglia.These results indicate that the activation of microglia and neuroinflammatory response regulated by fat mass and obesity-related N^(6)-methyladenosine modification plays an important role in the pro-inflammatory process of secondary injury following traumatic brain injury.
文摘目的探讨肠道屏障功能、IL-6、血沉(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)指标在克罗恩病合并贫血患者中的变化及应用价值。方法选取2022年6月至2023年4月至南京市第二医院就诊的克罗恩病患者155例。根据血红蛋白检测结果将患者分为贫血组(55例)及非贫血组(100例),对两组间DAO、D-LA、BT、IL-6及ESR水平进行比较,并进行相关统计学分析。结果与非贫血组相比,贫血组患者D-LA水平明显降低,IL-6及ESR水平显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组间DAO、BT水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在贫血组中,血清D-LA水平与BT水平呈正相关、与IL-6呈负相关;二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,ESR水平是克罗恩病患者贫血的独立影响因素(OR=1.963,P<0.05);D-LA、IL-6及ESR判断克罗恩病合并贫血的ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.322、0.714、0.737(P均<0.05),DAO及BT的AUC差异无统计学意义。结论克罗恩病合并贫血患者肠道屏障功能、IL-6及ESR水平发生明显变化,做好其分析对克罗恩病患者的贫血发生机制研究以及临床诊疗具有积极意义。
