The part of China,east of the Hu Huanyong Line,is commonly referred to as eastern China.It is characterized by a high population density and a well-developed economy;it also has huge energy demands.This study assesses...The part of China,east of the Hu Huanyong Line,is commonly referred to as eastern China.It is characterized by a high population density and a well-developed economy;it also has huge energy demands.This study assesses and promotes the large-scale development of geothermal resources in eastern China by analyzing deep geological structures,geothermal regimes,and typical geothermal systems.These analyses are based on data collected from geotectology,deep geophysics,geothermics,structural geology,and petrology.Determining the distribution patterns of intermediate-to-deep geothermal resources in the region helps develop prospects for their exploitation and utilization.Eastern China hosts superimposed layers of rocks from three major,global tectonic domainsd namely Paleo-Asian,Circum-Pacific,and Tethyan rocks.The structure of its crust and mantle exhibits a special flyover pattern,with basins and mountains as well as well-spaced uplifts and depressions alternatively on top.The lithosphere in Northeast China and North China is characterized by a thin,low density crust and mantle,whereas the lithosphere in South China has a thin,low density crust and a thick,high density mantle.The middle and upper crust contain geobodies with high conductivity and low velocity,with varying degrees of development that create favorable conditions for the formation and enrichment of geothermal resources.Moderate-to-high temperature geothermal resources are distributed in the MesozoiceCenozoic basins in eastern China,although moderate temperature geothermal resources with low abundance dominate.Porous sandstone reservoirs,karstified fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs,and fissured granite reservoirs are the main types of geothermal reservoirs in this region.Under the currently available technical conditions,the exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources in eastern China favor direct utilization over large-scale geothermal power generation.In Northeast China and North China,geothermal resources could be applied for large-scale geothermal heating purposes;geothermal heating could be applied during winter along parts of the Yangtze River while geothermal cooling would be more suitable for summer there;geothermal cooling could also be applied to much of South China.Geothermal resources can also be applied to high value-added industries,to aid agricultural practices,and for tourism.展开更多
The formation mechanism of high salinity geothermal water is significant for utilizing geothermal resources and mineral resources.The high salinity in geothermal water may be derived from the geothermal mother fluid o...The formation mechanism of high salinity geothermal water is significant for utilizing geothermal resources and mineral resources.The high salinity in geothermal water may be derived from the geothermal mother fluid or from the evaporite dissolution.It is difficult to distinguish between these two sources because they may have similar hydrochemistry.In this paper,water chemistry and stable isotopes were used to explore the high salinity geothermal water in Yanchanghe geothermal field,central China.It is a lowtemperature hydrothermal system in the inland karst area.The thermal water is Cl-Na type with high salinity(TDS>8,400 mg/L).The modified silicon thermometer is more suitable and the reasonable result is about 58.8℃.The maximum circulation depth is 1.9 km.Using the temperature of hot and cold water to estimate the mixing ratio is 58%-81%.Saturation index(SI),Na/1000-K/100-Mg1/2 and Gibbs diagram suggest that the main source of salt in geothermal water is derived from the evaporite dissolution,which provides Cl-of 11,264-31,279 mg/L and Na+of 9,272-21,236 mg/L.We found the combination of temperature and hydrogeochemistry can be used to investigate the formation mechanism and mixing process of high-salinity geothermal water formed in a karst low-temperature hydrothermal system.展开更多
基金This work was funded by a number of scientific research programs,including grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China,titled‘Evaluation and Optimal Target Selection of Deep Geothermal Resources in the Igneous Province in South China’(Project No.2019YFC0604903)‘Analysis and Geothermal Reservoir Stimulation Methods of Deep High-temperature Geothermal Systems in East China’(Project No.2021YFA0716004)+2 种基金a grant from the Joint Fund Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Sinopec,titled‘Deep Geological Processes and Resource Effects of Basins’(Project No.U20B6001)two grants from the Sinopec Science and Technology Research Program,titled'Single well evaluation of Well Fushenre 1 and study on the potential of deep geothermal resources in Hainan'(Project No.P23131)‘Siting and Target Evaluation of Deep Geothermal Resources in Key Areas of Southeastern China’(Project No.P20041-1).
文摘The part of China,east of the Hu Huanyong Line,is commonly referred to as eastern China.It is characterized by a high population density and a well-developed economy;it also has huge energy demands.This study assesses and promotes the large-scale development of geothermal resources in eastern China by analyzing deep geological structures,geothermal regimes,and typical geothermal systems.These analyses are based on data collected from geotectology,deep geophysics,geothermics,structural geology,and petrology.Determining the distribution patterns of intermediate-to-deep geothermal resources in the region helps develop prospects for their exploitation and utilization.Eastern China hosts superimposed layers of rocks from three major,global tectonic domainsd namely Paleo-Asian,Circum-Pacific,and Tethyan rocks.The structure of its crust and mantle exhibits a special flyover pattern,with basins and mountains as well as well-spaced uplifts and depressions alternatively on top.The lithosphere in Northeast China and North China is characterized by a thin,low density crust and mantle,whereas the lithosphere in South China has a thin,low density crust and a thick,high density mantle.The middle and upper crust contain geobodies with high conductivity and low velocity,with varying degrees of development that create favorable conditions for the formation and enrichment of geothermal resources.Moderate-to-high temperature geothermal resources are distributed in the MesozoiceCenozoic basins in eastern China,although moderate temperature geothermal resources with low abundance dominate.Porous sandstone reservoirs,karstified fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs,and fissured granite reservoirs are the main types of geothermal reservoirs in this region.Under the currently available technical conditions,the exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources in eastern China favor direct utilization over large-scale geothermal power generation.In Northeast China and North China,geothermal resources could be applied for large-scale geothermal heating purposes;geothermal heating could be applied during winter along parts of the Yangtze River while geothermal cooling would be more suitable for summer there;geothermal cooling could also be applied to much of South China.Geothermal resources can also be applied to high value-added industries,to aid agricultural practices,and for tourism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number:41440027)。
文摘The formation mechanism of high salinity geothermal water is significant for utilizing geothermal resources and mineral resources.The high salinity in geothermal water may be derived from the geothermal mother fluid or from the evaporite dissolution.It is difficult to distinguish between these two sources because they may have similar hydrochemistry.In this paper,water chemistry and stable isotopes were used to explore the high salinity geothermal water in Yanchanghe geothermal field,central China.It is a lowtemperature hydrothermal system in the inland karst area.The thermal water is Cl-Na type with high salinity(TDS>8,400 mg/L).The modified silicon thermometer is more suitable and the reasonable result is about 58.8℃.The maximum circulation depth is 1.9 km.Using the temperature of hot and cold water to estimate the mixing ratio is 58%-81%.Saturation index(SI),Na/1000-K/100-Mg1/2 and Gibbs diagram suggest that the main source of salt in geothermal water is derived from the evaporite dissolution,which provides Cl-of 11,264-31,279 mg/L and Na+of 9,272-21,236 mg/L.We found the combination of temperature and hydrogeochemistry can be used to investigate the formation mechanism and mixing process of high-salinity geothermal water formed in a karst low-temperature hydrothermal system.
