Slope units are divided according to the real topography and have clear geological characteristics,making them ideal units for evaluating the susceptibility to geological disasters.Based on the results of automaticall...Slope units are divided according to the real topography and have clear geological characteristics,making them ideal units for evaluating the susceptibility to geological disasters.Based on the results of automatically and manually corrected hydrological slope unit division,the Longhua District,Shenzhen City,Guangdong Province,was selected as the study area.A total of 15 influencing factors,namely Fluctuation,slope,slope aspect,curvature,topographic witness index(TWI),stream power index(SPI),topographic roughness index(TRI),annual average rainfall,distance to water system,engineering rock group,distance to fault,land use,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),nighttime light,and distance to road,were selected as evaluation indicators.The information volume model(IV)and random points were used to select non-geological disaster units,and then the random forest model(RF)was used to evaluate the susceptibility to geological disasters.The automatic slope unit and the hydrological slope unit were compared and analyzed in the random forest and information volume random forest models.The results show that the area under the curve(AUC)values of the automatic slope unit evaluation results are 0.931 for the IV-RF model and 0.716 for the RF model,which are 0.6%(IV-RF model)and 1.9%(RF model)higher than those for the hydrological slope unit.Based on a comparison of the evaluation methods based on the two types of slope units,the hydrological slope unit evaluation method based on manual correction is highly subjective,is complicated to operate,and has a low evaluation accuracy,whereas the evaluation method based on automatic slope unit division is efficient and accurate,is suitable for large-scale efficient geological disaster evaluation,and can better deal with the problem of geological disaster susceptibility evaluation.展开更多
Advanced geological prediction is a crucial means to ensure safety and efficiency in tunnel construction.However,diff erent advanced geological forecasting methods have their own limitations,resulting in poor detectio...Advanced geological prediction is a crucial means to ensure safety and efficiency in tunnel construction.However,diff erent advanced geological forecasting methods have their own limitations,resulting in poor detection accuracy.Using multiple methods to carry out a comprehensive evaluation can eff ectively improve the accuracy of advanced geological prediction results.In this study,geological information is combined with the detection results of geophysical methods,including transient electromagnetic,induced polarization,and tunnel seismic prediction,to establish a comprehensive analysis method of adverse geology.First,the possible main adverse geological problems are determined according to the geological information.Subsequently,various physical parameters of the rock mass in front of the tunnel face can then be derived on the basis of multisource geophysical data.Finally,based on the analysis results of geological information,the multisource data fusion algorithm is used to determine the type,location,and scale of adverse geology.The advanced geological prediction results that can provide eff ective guidance for tunnel construction can then be obtained.展开更多
In this article,the contemporary stress state of the Zhao-Ping metallogenic belt in eastern China was revealed using overcoring and hydraulic fracturing stress data,the relation between the stress field and geological...In this article,the contemporary stress state of the Zhao-Ping metallogenic belt in eastern China was revealed using overcoring and hydraulic fracturing stress data,the relation between the stress field and geological tectonics was discussed,and the stability of regional faults under the present-day stress environment was evaluated.The results indicate that the stress level is considerably high,and the distribution of stress intensity is uneven.The stress regime is primarily characterized by σ_(H)>σ_(v)>σ_(h).The σ_(H) orientation is well-oriented in the WNW-ESE,which is roughly identical to other stress indicators.Moreover,theσH direction reflected by joint strikes and inferred based on the fault characteristics agrees fairly with the identified stress orientation.The modern stress field basically inherited the tectonic stress field of the Yanshanian and Himalayan periods but is principally dominated by the Himalayan period.Additionally,the calculatedμm ranges from 0.2 to 0.7,indicating that the possibility of shallow faults across this area being reactivated and experiencing shear failure is small overall under the current stress conditions.μm=0.2 and 0.5 are suggested as the lower and upper limits for predicting and analyzing future fault activity in the area,respectively.展开更多
Deep geological sequestration is widely recognized as a reliable method for nuclear waste management,with expanded applications in thermal energy storage and adiabatic compressed air energy storage systems.This study ...Deep geological sequestration is widely recognized as a reliable method for nuclear waste management,with expanded applications in thermal energy storage and adiabatic compressed air energy storage systems.This study evaluated the suitability of granite,basalt,and marble as reservoir rocks capable of withstanding extreme high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.Using a custom-designed triaxial testing apparatus for thermal-hydro-mechanical(THM)coupling,we subjected rock samples to temperatures ranging from 20℃to 800℃,triaxial stresses up to 25 MPa,and seepage pressures of 0.6 MPa.After THM treatment,the specimens were analyzed using a Real-Time Load-Synchronized Micro-Computed Tomography(MCT)Scanner under a triaxial stress of 25 MPa,allowing for high-resolution insights into pore and fissure responses.Our findings revealed distinct thermal stability profiles and microscopic parameter changes across three phasesdslow growth,slow decline,and rapid growthdwith critical temperature thresholds observed at 500℃for granite,600℃for basalt,and 300℃for marble.Basalt showed minimal porosity changes,increasing gradually from 3.83%at 20℃to 12.45%at 800℃,indicating high structural integrity and resilience under extreme THM conditions.Granite shows significant increases in porosity due to thermally induced microcracking,while marble rapidly deteriorated beyond 300℃due to carbonate decomposition.Consequently,basalt,with its minimal porosity variability,high thermal stability,and robust mechanical properties,emerges as an optimal candidate for nuclear waste repositories and other high-temperature geological engineering applications,offering enhanced reliability,structural stability,and long-term safety in such settings.展开更多
At present,carbon capture and storage(CCS)is the only mature and commercialized technology capable of effectively and economically reducing greenhouse gas emissions to achieve a significant and immedi-ate impact on th...At present,carbon capture and storage(CCS)is the only mature and commercialized technology capable of effectively and economically reducing greenhouse gas emissions to achieve a significant and immedi-ate impact on the CO_(2) level on Earth.Notably,long-term geological storage of captured CO_(2) has emerged as a primary storage method,given its minimal impact on surface ecological environments and high level of safety.The integrity of CO_(2) storage wellbores can be compromised by the corrosion of steel casings and degradation of cement in supercritical CO_(2) storage environments,potentially leading to the leakage of stored CO_(2) from the sites.This critical review endeavors to establish a knowledge foundation for the cor-rosion and materials degradation associated with geological CO_(2) storage through an in-depth examina-tion and analysis of the environments,operation,and the state-of-the-art progress in research pertaining to the topic.This article discusses the physical and chemical properties of CO_(2) in its supercrit-ical phase during injection and storage.It then introduces the principle of geological CO_(2) storage,consid-erations in the construction of storage systems,and the unique geo-bio-chemical environment involving aqueous media and microbial communities in CO_(2) storage.After a comprehensive analysis of existing knowledge on corrosion in CO_(2) storage,including corrosion mechanisms,parametric effects,and corro-sion rate measurements,this review identifies technical gaps and puts forward potential avenues for fur-ther research in steel corrosion within geological CO_(2) storage systems.展开更多
China has pledged to peak carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon capture and storage(CCS)will play a key role in these efforts.Over the past several years,the China Geolog...China has pledged to peak carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon capture and storage(CCS)will play a key role in these efforts.Over the past several years,the China Geological Survey(CGS)has completed the Suitability Evaluation Map of CO_(2)Geological Storage in Main Sedimentary Basins in China and Adjacent Sea Regions in 2017.This map reflects the suitability of the first-and secondary-order tectonic units within sedimentary basins for cO_(2)geological storage for CCS planning.The Junggar Basin is recognized as an important region for future CCS projects.Results from a mesoscale evaluation using the volume method indicate that deep saline aquifers represent the most significant resources for CO_(2)storage,with potential ranging from 48×10^(9)to 164×10^(9)t(with a P50 value of 96×10^(9)t).The highest storage potential is identified in the central and northern parts of the basin,reaching up to 9.5×10^(6)t/km^(2)at the P50 probability level.In contrast,the hinterland,eastern,and western parts of the basin generally exhibit storage potential of below 1.0×10^(6)t/km^(2)at the same probability level.The CGs has also characterized historical CO_(2)plume migration in reservoirs at the storage site of the Shenhua CCS demonstration project and conducted numerical simulations of CO_(2)plume migration for periods of 10 and 20 years following the shutdown of the injection well.The CGS implemented a kiloton-scale pilot test on CO_(2)-enhanced water recovery(CO_(2)-EWR)in eastern Junggar,revealing that CO_(2)flooding can improve the pressure for fluid production,with the highest ratio of CO_(2)to produced fluids estimated at approximately 1.2.Besides,an observation field for natural CO_(2)leakage,covering about 930 m^(2),was built in Qinghai Province.In natural CO_(2)fields or at artificial CO_(2)injection research sites,cO_(2)leakage points are primarily related to the distribution of faults(especially fault crossing),which can serve as pathways for CO_(2)leakage.The observation field provides a natural analog to wellbore failure and offers an opportunity to further monitor CO_(2)geological storage sites.However,it has been inferred that borehole ZK10 at the observation field has become a leakage pathway due to the drilling activities,inadequate well-plugging,and abandonment procedures without considering CO_(2)corrosion.展开更多
The integration of image analysis through deep learning(DL)into rock classification represents a significant leap forward in geological research.While traditional methods remain invaluable for their expertise and hist...The integration of image analysis through deep learning(DL)into rock classification represents a significant leap forward in geological research.While traditional methods remain invaluable for their expertise and historical context,DL offers a powerful complement by enhancing the speed,objectivity,and precision of the classification process.This research explores the significance of image data augmentation techniques in optimizing the performance of convolutional neural networks(CNNs)for geological image analysis,particularly in the classification of igneous,metamorphic,and sedimentary rock types from rock thin section(RTS)images.This study primarily focuses on classic image augmentation techniques and evaluates their impact on model accuracy and precision.Results demonstrate that augmentation techniques like Equalize significantly enhance the model's classification capabilities,achieving an F1-Score of 0.9869 for igneous rocks,0.9884 for metamorphic rocks,and 0.9929 for sedimentary rocks,representing improvements compared to the baseline original results.Moreover,the weighted average F1-Score across all classes and techniques is 0.9886,indicating an enhancement.Conversely,methods like Distort lead to decreased accuracy and F1-Score,with an F1-Score of 0.949 for igneous rocks,0.954 for metamorphic rocks,and 0.9416 for sedimentary rocks,exacerbating the performance compared to the baseline.The study underscores the practicality of image data augmentation in geological image classification and advocates for the adoption of DL methods in this domain for automation and improved results.The findings of this study can benefit various fields,including remote sensing,mineral exploration,and environmental monitoring,by enhancing the accuracy of geological image analysis both for scientific research and industrial applications.展开更多
Cyclic injection holds great potential for CO_(2) emission reduction coupled with enhanced unconventional oil recovery.There is,however,a lack of a thorough understanding of carbon distribution,migration,and transform...Cyclic injection holds great potential for CO_(2) emission reduction coupled with enhanced unconventional oil recovery.There is,however,a lack of a thorough understanding of carbon distribution,migration,and transformation underground over time at the reservoir scale.To address this issue,we conducted a rig-orous numerical simulation integrating microseismic events,multi-geomechanics,and multi-geochemistry to represent the complex fracture geometry,rock stress sensitivity,and CO_(2)-oil-brine-rock interactions.The fluid model,reservoir model,and geochemical reaction kinetics were carefully validated and calibrated using experimental data.The performance of CO_(2) utilization and geological storage was comprehensively investigated in terms of changes in oil production,CO_(2) storage,carbon distribution,and petrophysical properties.The results indicate that 48.3%of the injected CO_(2) was stored stably under-ground after ten cycles(ten years),with a 3.4%increase in oil recovery.The presence of multiple CO_(2) stor-age forms,such as dissolved in water and mineralized carbonate,impeded CO_(2)-oil interaction,leading to a 25.9%reduction in the volume of the CO_(2)-oil mixing zone and a 2.2%decrease in cumulative oil pro-duction,albeit with a 7.7%increase in the storage rate.The cyclic injection mode had a significant impact on the migration and transformation of CO_(2) in the reservoir.While dissolved CO_(2) in oil accounted for over half of the total storage,it had the possibility of being released during production.After ten cycles,20%of the injected CO_(2)(approximately 12000 t)reached long-term storage in four forms:mineralized carbon-ate(6%),water-dissolved CO_(2)(6%),aqueous ions(4%),and trapped gas(4%).Notably,the non-fracture zone within the stimulated reservoir volume(SRV)served as the primary trapping area for residual gas.This work provides valuable insights into dynamic CO_(2) transport and transformation processes under cyclic injection and presents a more comprehensive and precise framework for assessing CO_(2) capture,utilization,and storage with enhanced oil recovery(CCUS-EOR)performance in unconventional reser-voirs after fracturing.展开更多
Urban geological information platforms have traditionally focused on static data provision for public service,constrained by funding and limited engagement with engineering applications.This study takes Hangzhou-a maj...Urban geological information platforms have traditionally focused on static data provision for public service,constrained by funding and limited engagement with engineering applications.This study takes Hangzhou-a major Chinese megacity-as a model to propose a technically integrated platform that aligns with urban infrastructure development,particularly underground space engineering.Through the adoption of the large-scale relational database system Oracle,we first established a comprehensive storage framework for fundamental urban geological and underground infrastructure information,thereby completed the construction of the core databases.To ensure spatial consistency across multi-source data and to meet the platform’s high computational demands while improving overall server responsiveness,we introduced three critical innovations:voxel-based model encoding,distributed computing,and frontend-backend separation with asynchronous processing.To align with urban engineering projects and enhance economic returns,the platform was initially developed through the integration of foundational geological data,including borehole records and aboveground-underground spatial information.Based on this foundation,its practical application in Hangzhou’s Qiantang New Town further demonstrated the platform’s potential in supporting subway routing,underground structure planning,and engineering cost analysis.Consequently,the construction of the Hangzhou geological information platform not only offers robust support for urban decision-making and smart city development but also provides a replicable model for addressing the technical and institutional challenges commonly encountered in the development of urban geological platforms.展开更多
Coal mining induces changes in the nature of rock and soil bodies,as well as hydrogeological conditions,which can easily trigger the occurrence of geological disasters such as water inrush,movement of the coal seam ro...Coal mining induces changes in the nature of rock and soil bodies,as well as hydrogeological conditions,which can easily trigger the occurrence of geological disasters such as water inrush,movement of the coal seam roof and floor,and rock burst.Transparency in coal mine geological conditions provides technical support for intelligent coal mining and geological disaster prevention.In this sense,it is of great significance to address the requirements for informatizing coal mine geological conditions,dynamically adjust sensing parameters,and accurately identify disaster characteristics so as to prevent and control coal mine geological disasters.This paper examines the various action fields associated with geological disasters in mining faces and scrutinizes the types and sensing parameters of geological disasters resulting from coal seam mining.On this basis,it summarizes a distributed fiber-optic sensing technology framework for transparent geology in coal mines.Combined with the multi-field monitoring characteristics of the strain field,the temperature field,and the vibration field of distributed optical fiber sensing technology,parameters such as the strain increment ratio,the aquifer temperature gradient,and the acoustic wave amplitude are extracted as eigenvalues for identifying rock breaking,aquifer water level,and water cut range,and a multi-field sensing method is established for identifying the characteristics of mining-induced rock mass disasters.The development direction of transparent geology based on optical fiber sensing technology is proposed in terms of the aspects of sensing optical fiber structure for large deformation monitoring,identification accuracy of optical fiber acoustic signals,multi-parameter monitoring,and early warning methods.展开更多
With the increasing tunnel construction projects in China,geological hazards and construction accidents in tunnels occur frequently.The widely applied intelligent detection of ground-penetrating radar(GPR)for tunnel a...With the increasing tunnel construction projects in China,geological hazards and construction accidents in tunnels occur frequently.The widely applied intelligent detection of ground-penetrating radar(GPR)for tunnel advance geological forecast(TAGF)rarely involves research and application exploration on irregular structures.The GPR dataset for TAGF in the Guangxi region meets the requirements for isomorphic source domain feature extraction.This paper proposes a methodology for creating polygon labeling of irregular structures and develops an image segmentation approach based on the Yolov5s deep learning framework,establishing the polygon-Yolov5s intelligent forecasting network for irregular geological hazards in GPR tunnel detection.Through case trials using both numerical and actual TAGF datasets,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are validated by using the SSD algorithm and the traditional Yolov5s algorithm.The effective utilization of intelligent interpretation systems for irregular geological hazards would improve the efficiency and accuracy of geological forecasting and operational maintenance detection.展开更多
Automatic segmentation and recognition of content and element information in color geological map are of great significance for researchers to analyze the distribution of mineral resources and predict disaster informa...Automatic segmentation and recognition of content and element information in color geological map are of great significance for researchers to analyze the distribution of mineral resources and predict disaster information.This article focuses on color planar raster geological map(geological maps include planar geological maps,columnar maps,and profiles).While existing deep learning approaches are often used to segment general images,their performance is limited due to complex elements,diverse regional features,and complicated backgrounds for color geological map in the domain of geoscience.To address the issue,a color geological map segmentation model is proposed that combines the Felz clustering algorithm and an improved SE-UNet deep learning network(named GeoMSeg).Firstly,a symmetrical encoder-decoder structure backbone network based on UNet is constructed,and the channel attention mechanism SENet has been incorporated to augment the network’s capacity for feature representation,enabling the model to purposefully extract map information.The SE-UNet network is employed for feature extraction from the geological map and obtain coarse segmentation results.Secondly,the Felz clustering algorithm is used for super pixel pre-segmentation of geological maps.The coarse segmentation results are refined and modified based on the super pixel pre-segmentation results to obtain the final segmentation results.This study applies GeoMSeg to the constructed dataset,and the experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has superior performance compared to other mainstream map segmentation models,with an accuracy of 91.89%and a MIoU of 71.91%.展开更多
The long-term stability of CO_(2) storage represents a pivotal challenge in geological CO_(2) storage(CGS),particularly within deep saline aquifers characterized by complex fault-block systems.While the injection site...The long-term stability of CO_(2) storage represents a pivotal challenge in geological CO_(2) storage(CGS),particularly within deep saline aquifers characterized by complex fault-block systems.While the injection sites and rate under different fault structures will directly affect the CO_(2) storage effect and the risk of leakage.This study investigates the Gaoyou Sag in the Subei Basin,a representative fault-block reservoir,through an integrated numerical-experimental approach.A three-dimensional simulation model incorporating multiphase flow dynamics was developed to characterize subsurface CO_(2) transport and dissolution processes.A novel fault seal capacity evaluation framework was proposed,integrating three critical geological indices(fault throw/reservoir thickness/caprock thicknesses)with the coupling of formation physical properties,temperature,and pressure for the rational selection of injection sites and rates.The results show that Optimal storage performance is observed when the fault throw is lower than the reservoir and caprock thicknesses.Furthermore,higher temperature and pressure promote the dissolution and diffusion of CO_(2),while compared to the structural form of faults,the physical properties of faults have a more significant effect on CO_(2) leakage.The larger reservoir space and the presence of an interlayer reduce the risk of CO_(2) leakage,and augmenting storage potential.Decreasing the injection rate increases the proportion of dissolved CO_(2),thereby enhancing the safety of CO_(2) storage.展开更多
Offshore carbon dioxide(CO_(2))geological storage is a promising strategy for reducing carbon emissions and supporting sustainable development in coastal regions within a carbon neutrality framework.However,only a few...Offshore carbon dioxide(CO_(2))geological storage is a promising strategy for reducing carbon emissions and supporting sustainable development in coastal regions within a carbon neutrality framework.However,only a few works have focused on offshore basins in China.To address this gap,this study established a dual indicator system that comprises necessary and critical indices and is integrated with the analytic hierarchy process.A coupled analysis was then performed to evaluate the suitability of 10 offshore sedimentary basins in China for CO_(2)geological storage.The necessary indicator system focuses on storage potential,geological conditions,and engineering feasibility.Meanwhile,the critical indicator system emphasizes the safety of storage projects and the viability of drilling operations.Evaluation results revealed that China's offshore basins have undergone two geological evolution stages,namely,the rifting and post-rifting phases,leading to the formation of a dual-layer structure characterized by faulted lower layers and sagged upper layers.These basins have thick and widespread Cenozoic strata,generally low seismic activity,and medium-to-low geothermal gradients.They form five reservoir-caprock systems with favorable geological conditions for CO_(2)storage.The Pearl River Mouth,East China Sea Shelf,and Bohai Basins emerged as primary candidates that offer substantial storage potential to support carbon neutrality goals in the Bohai Rim Economic Zone,Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone,and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.The Beibu Gulf and South Yellow Sea Basins were identified as secondary candidates,and the Qiongdongnan and Yinggehai Basins were considered potential alternatives.展开更多
The Xialonggang Pb-Zn-Sb deposit is a newly discovered large-scale polymetallic deposit within the Tethyan Himalayan metallogenic belt.Although significant prospecting breakthroughs have been made at Xialonggang in re...The Xialonggang Pb-Zn-Sb deposit is a newly discovered large-scale polymetallic deposit within the Tethyan Himalayan metallogenic belt.Although significant prospecting breakthroughs have been made at Xialonggang in recent years,the geology and mineralization process are poorly understood.This study conducted monazite U-Pb geochronology,fluid inclusion,and O-H-S isotope of the Xialonggang Pb-Zn-Sb deposit.Analytical results indicate that the ore-forming fluids constituted a H_(2)O-NaCl-CO_(2)-CH_(4)-N_(2)system characterized by moderate temperatures(261-314℃)and moderate to low salinities(2.9-8.9 wt%NaCl eqv.).The early-stage fluids exhibited signatures close to magmatic fluids,while the late-stage fluids showed characteristics indicative of mixing between magmatic fluids and meteoric water.Sulfur isotope analysis(mainly range primarily from 1.2‰to 6.44‰,with one sphalerite up to 8.19‰)revealed that a predominantly deep-sourced sulfur composition with minor contribution from sedimentary strata.This study demonstrates that the Xialonggang Pb-Zn-Sb deposit is controlled by the NE-trending fault system.A hydrothermal circulation system driven by substantial deep-seated magmatic heat,leached materials from the surrounding strata.The hydrothermal fluids migrated upwards along the fault system,filling the NE-trending tensional fractures to form a hydrothermal vein-type Pb-Zn-Sb deposit.展开更多
The advancement of intelligent mining in open-pit operations has imposed higher demands on geological transparency,aiming to provide a robust foundation for intelligent drilling and charging.In this study,a linear arr...The advancement of intelligent mining in open-pit operations has imposed higher demands on geological transparency,aiming to provide a robust foundation for intelligent drilling and charging.In this study,a linear array of 120 nodal seismometers was deployed along the surfaces of the C8 and C9 platforms at Fenghuang Mountain to investigate cavities within the rock mass and prevent improper intelligent charging.The seismometers were 1 m apart along measurement lines,with a 2-m spacing between lines,and the monitoring time for each line was set at 2 h.This deployment was paired with spatial autocorrelation and station autocorrelation to analyze ambient noise seismic data and image the velocity and structure within the rock mass.The results demonstrate that the locations and sizes of cavities or loose structures can be accurately identified at the prepared excavation site.Compared with traditional geological exploration methods for openpit mines,the approach in this study off ers higher accuracy,greater efficiency,reduced labor intensity,and insensitivity to water conditions.Ambient noise seismic imaging for detecting adverse geological conditions in open-pit mines provides critical insights and references for intelligent mining advancements.展开更多
This study develops a geological hazard evaluation index system for Shouning County,a key area for disaster prevention in Fujian Province.Through detailed investigation reports and field surveys,six factors were selec...This study develops a geological hazard evaluation index system for Shouning County,a key area for disaster prevention in Fujian Province.Through detailed investigation reports and field surveys,six factors were selected,including elevation,slope gradient,slope aspect,stratigraphic lithological group,distance from the water systems,and geological structures.A geological hazard susceptibility zoning map was created using the Information Quantity Method(IQM).The evaluation showed that elevation,slope aspect,and distance from the water systems are primary risk factors,with high and extremely high susceptibility areas covering 168.57 km^(2)(52.63%of the study area)and a disaster point density of 3.07 points/km^(2).The model achieved an accuracy of 0.73,validating its effectiveness in hazard assessment.These findings provide a valuable reference for disaster prediction and mitigation in Shouning County,supporting improved planning and risk management efforts.展开更多
Current machine learning models for predicting geological conditions during earth pressure balance(EPB)shield tunneling predominantly rely on accurate geological conditions as model label inputs.This study introduces ...Current machine learning models for predicting geological conditions during earth pressure balance(EPB)shield tunneling predominantly rely on accurate geological conditions as model label inputs.This study introduces an innovative approach for the real-time prediction of geological conditions in EPB shield tunneling by utilizing an unsupervised incremental learning model that integrates deep temporal clustering(DTC)with elastic weight consolidation(EWC).The model was trained and tested using data from an EPB shield tunneling project in Nanjing,China.Results demonstrate that the DTC model outperforms nine comparison models by clustering the entire dataset into four distinct groups representing various geological conditions without requiring labeled data.Additionally,integrating EWC into the DTC model significantly enhances its continuous learning capabilities,enabling automatic parameter updates with incoming data and facilitating the real-time recognition of geological conditions.Feature importance was evaluated using the feature elimination method and the Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)method,underscoring the critical roles of earth chamber pressure and cutterhead rotation speed in predicting geological conditions.The proposed EWC-DTC model demonstrates practical utility for EPB shield tunneling in complex environments.展开更多
Geological samples often contain significant amounts of iron,which,although not typically the target element,can substantially interfere with the analysis of other elements of interest.To mitigate these interferences,...Geological samples often contain significant amounts of iron,which,although not typically the target element,can substantially interfere with the analysis of other elements of interest.To mitigate these interferences,amidoximebased radiation grafted adsorbents have been identified as effective for iron removal.In this study,an amidoximefunctionalized,radiation-grafted adsorbent synthesized from polypropylene waste(PPw-g-AO-10)was employed to remove iron from leached geological samples.The adsorption process was systematically optimized by investigating the effects of pH,contact time,adsorbent dosage,and initial ferric ion concentration.Under optimal conditions-pH1.4,a contact time of 90 min,and an initial ferric ion concentration of 4500 mg/L-the adsorbent exhibited a maximum iron adsorption capacity of 269.02 mg/g.After optimizing the critical adsorption parameters,the adsorbent was applied to the leached geological samples,achieving a 91%removal of the iron content.The adsorbent was regenerated through two consecutive cycles using 0.2 N HNO_(3),achieving a regeneration efficiency of 65%.These findings confirm the efficacy of the synthesized PPw-g-AO-10 as a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for successfully removing iron from leached geological matrices while maintaining a reasonable degree of reusability.展开更多
Xiyu conglomerate is a significant and extensively distributed geological formation in western China.A clear understanding of its properties and the establishment of a classification system are essential for selecting...Xiyu conglomerate is a significant and extensively distributed geological formation in western China.A clear understanding of its properties and the establishment of a classification system are essential for selecting appropriate research methods to investigate its engineering mechanical behavior.Based on geological data from eight typical Xiyu conglomerate geological belts and seven hydropower projects,this study summarizes the main engineering geological characteristics,and analyzes the fabric characteristics of various components of the conglomerate through laboratory tests and statistical analysis.A comprehensive classification system is proposed for Xiyu conglomerate based on two key criteria:(1)grain size distribution,quantified by the d_(50)(median grain diameter),and(2)cementation type,identified via mineralogical and geochemical analysis.This system divides Xiyu conglomerate into nine distinct categories,each defined by specific engineering geological and petrofabric properties.The results reveal that,even within the same region,the grain size composition and distribution of Xiyu conglomerate are highly heterogeneous.While the chemical composition of the cementing materials is generally consistent,notable differences in cement properties arise primarily from variations in mineral content,particularly the proportion of calcareous material(dolomite,calcite,and quartz).Conglomerates with gray or grayish-blue matrices typically exhibit higher calcareous content,whereas those with earth-yellow or khaki matrices contain less calcareous material and are predominantly argillaceous-cemented.Additionally,Xiyu conglomerate shows higher porosity compared to conventional rocks.The proposed classification method based on engineering geological and fabric characteristics offers a geological basis for further determining the engineering mechanical properties of various Xiyu conglomerate types.This approach holds potential for addressing the challenges related to unclear classification and difficulty in accurately defining mechanical parameters for Xiyu conglomerate across different regions.展开更多
文摘Slope units are divided according to the real topography and have clear geological characteristics,making them ideal units for evaluating the susceptibility to geological disasters.Based on the results of automatically and manually corrected hydrological slope unit division,the Longhua District,Shenzhen City,Guangdong Province,was selected as the study area.A total of 15 influencing factors,namely Fluctuation,slope,slope aspect,curvature,topographic witness index(TWI),stream power index(SPI),topographic roughness index(TRI),annual average rainfall,distance to water system,engineering rock group,distance to fault,land use,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),nighttime light,and distance to road,were selected as evaluation indicators.The information volume model(IV)and random points were used to select non-geological disaster units,and then the random forest model(RF)was used to evaluate the susceptibility to geological disasters.The automatic slope unit and the hydrological slope unit were compared and analyzed in the random forest and information volume random forest models.The results show that the area under the curve(AUC)values of the automatic slope unit evaluation results are 0.931 for the IV-RF model and 0.716 for the RF model,which are 0.6%(IV-RF model)and 1.9%(RF model)higher than those for the hydrological slope unit.Based on a comparison of the evaluation methods based on the two types of slope units,the hydrological slope unit evaluation method based on manual correction is highly subjective,is complicated to operate,and has a low evaluation accuracy,whereas the evaluation method based on automatic slope unit division is efficient and accurate,is suitable for large-scale efficient geological disaster evaluation,and can better deal with the problem of geological disaster susceptibility evaluation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 42293351,41877239,51422904 and 51379112).
文摘Advanced geological prediction is a crucial means to ensure safety and efficiency in tunnel construction.However,diff erent advanced geological forecasting methods have their own limitations,resulting in poor detection accuracy.Using multiple methods to carry out a comprehensive evaluation can eff ectively improve the accuracy of advanced geological prediction results.In this study,geological information is combined with the detection results of geophysical methods,including transient electromagnetic,induced polarization,and tunnel seismic prediction,to establish a comprehensive analysis method of adverse geology.First,the possible main adverse geological problems are determined according to the geological information.Subsequently,various physical parameters of the rock mass in front of the tunnel face can then be derived on the basis of multisource geophysical data.Finally,based on the analysis results of geological information,the multisource data fusion algorithm is used to determine the type,location,and scale of adverse geology.The advanced geological prediction results that can provide eff ective guidance for tunnel construction can then be obtained.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52204084)the Open Research Fund of The State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and safe Mining,CUMT(SKLCRSM23KF004)+3 种基金the Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB(Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities)(FRF-IDRY-GD22-002)the Fundamen〓〓tal Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Youth Teacher International Exchange and Growth Program(QNXM20220009)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2905600 and 2022YFC3004601)the Science,Technology&Innovation Proj〓〓ect of Xiongan New Area(2023XAGG0061).
文摘In this article,the contemporary stress state of the Zhao-Ping metallogenic belt in eastern China was revealed using overcoring and hydraulic fracturing stress data,the relation between the stress field and geological tectonics was discussed,and the stability of regional faults under the present-day stress environment was evaluated.The results indicate that the stress level is considerably high,and the distribution of stress intensity is uneven.The stress regime is primarily characterized by σ_(H)>σ_(v)>σ_(h).The σ_(H) orientation is well-oriented in the WNW-ESE,which is roughly identical to other stress indicators.Moreover,theσH direction reflected by joint strikes and inferred based on the fault characteristics agrees fairly with the identified stress orientation.The modern stress field basically inherited the tectonic stress field of the Yanshanian and Himalayan periods but is principally dominated by the Himalayan period.Additionally,the calculatedμm ranges from 0.2 to 0.7,indicating that the possibility of shallow faults across this area being reactivated and experiencing shear failure is small overall under the current stress conditions.μm=0.2 and 0.5 are suggested as the lower and upper limits for predicting and analyzing future fault activity in the area,respectively.
基金financial supported by Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines(Grant No.DM2022B03)Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51904195)Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Educations Institutions in Shanxi Province(Grant No.2022L608).
文摘Deep geological sequestration is widely recognized as a reliable method for nuclear waste management,with expanded applications in thermal energy storage and adiabatic compressed air energy storage systems.This study evaluated the suitability of granite,basalt,and marble as reservoir rocks capable of withstanding extreme high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.Using a custom-designed triaxial testing apparatus for thermal-hydro-mechanical(THM)coupling,we subjected rock samples to temperatures ranging from 20℃to 800℃,triaxial stresses up to 25 MPa,and seepage pressures of 0.6 MPa.After THM treatment,the specimens were analyzed using a Real-Time Load-Synchronized Micro-Computed Tomography(MCT)Scanner under a triaxial stress of 25 MPa,allowing for high-resolution insights into pore and fissure responses.Our findings revealed distinct thermal stability profiles and microscopic parameter changes across three phasesdslow growth,slow decline,and rapid growthdwith critical temperature thresholds observed at 500℃for granite,600℃for basalt,and 300℃for marble.Basalt showed minimal porosity changes,increasing gradually from 3.83%at 20℃to 12.45%at 800℃,indicating high structural integrity and resilience under extreme THM conditions.Granite shows significant increases in porosity due to thermally induced microcracking,while marble rapidly deteriorated beyond 300℃due to carbonate decomposition.Consequently,basalt,with its minimal porosity variability,high thermal stability,and robust mechanical properties,emerges as an optimal candidate for nuclear waste repositories and other high-temperature geological engineering applications,offering enhanced reliability,structural stability,and long-term safety in such settings.
文摘At present,carbon capture and storage(CCS)is the only mature and commercialized technology capable of effectively and economically reducing greenhouse gas emissions to achieve a significant and immedi-ate impact on the CO_(2) level on Earth.Notably,long-term geological storage of captured CO_(2) has emerged as a primary storage method,given its minimal impact on surface ecological environments and high level of safety.The integrity of CO_(2) storage wellbores can be compromised by the corrosion of steel casings and degradation of cement in supercritical CO_(2) storage environments,potentially leading to the leakage of stored CO_(2) from the sites.This critical review endeavors to establish a knowledge foundation for the cor-rosion and materials degradation associated with geological CO_(2) storage through an in-depth examina-tion and analysis of the environments,operation,and the state-of-the-art progress in research pertaining to the topic.This article discusses the physical and chemical properties of CO_(2) in its supercrit-ical phase during injection and storage.It then introduces the principle of geological CO_(2) storage,consid-erations in the construction of storage systems,and the unique geo-bio-chemical environment involving aqueous media and microbial communities in CO_(2) storage.After a comprehensive analysis of existing knowledge on corrosion in CO_(2) storage,including corrosion mechanisms,parametric effects,and corro-sion rate measurements,this review identifies technical gaps and puts forward potential avenues for fur-ther research in steel corrosion within geological CO_(2) storage systems.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42141013)China Geological Survey(DD20221818,DD20242513).
文摘China has pledged to peak carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon capture and storage(CCS)will play a key role in these efforts.Over the past several years,the China Geological Survey(CGS)has completed the Suitability Evaluation Map of CO_(2)Geological Storage in Main Sedimentary Basins in China and Adjacent Sea Regions in 2017.This map reflects the suitability of the first-and secondary-order tectonic units within sedimentary basins for cO_(2)geological storage for CCS planning.The Junggar Basin is recognized as an important region for future CCS projects.Results from a mesoscale evaluation using the volume method indicate that deep saline aquifers represent the most significant resources for CO_(2)storage,with potential ranging from 48×10^(9)to 164×10^(9)t(with a P50 value of 96×10^(9)t).The highest storage potential is identified in the central and northern parts of the basin,reaching up to 9.5×10^(6)t/km^(2)at the P50 probability level.In contrast,the hinterland,eastern,and western parts of the basin generally exhibit storage potential of below 1.0×10^(6)t/km^(2)at the same probability level.The CGs has also characterized historical CO_(2)plume migration in reservoirs at the storage site of the Shenhua CCS demonstration project and conducted numerical simulations of CO_(2)plume migration for periods of 10 and 20 years following the shutdown of the injection well.The CGS implemented a kiloton-scale pilot test on CO_(2)-enhanced water recovery(CO_(2)-EWR)in eastern Junggar,revealing that CO_(2)flooding can improve the pressure for fluid production,with the highest ratio of CO_(2)to produced fluids estimated at approximately 1.2.Besides,an observation field for natural CO_(2)leakage,covering about 930 m^(2),was built in Qinghai Province.In natural CO_(2)fields or at artificial CO_(2)injection research sites,cO_(2)leakage points are primarily related to the distribution of faults(especially fault crossing),which can serve as pathways for CO_(2)leakage.The observation field provides a natural analog to wellbore failure and offers an opportunity to further monitor CO_(2)geological storage sites.However,it has been inferred that borehole ZK10 at the observation field has become a leakage pathway due to the drilling activities,inadequate well-plugging,and abandonment procedures without considering CO_(2)corrosion.
文摘The integration of image analysis through deep learning(DL)into rock classification represents a significant leap forward in geological research.While traditional methods remain invaluable for their expertise and historical context,DL offers a powerful complement by enhancing the speed,objectivity,and precision of the classification process.This research explores the significance of image data augmentation techniques in optimizing the performance of convolutional neural networks(CNNs)for geological image analysis,particularly in the classification of igneous,metamorphic,and sedimentary rock types from rock thin section(RTS)images.This study primarily focuses on classic image augmentation techniques and evaluates their impact on model accuracy and precision.Results demonstrate that augmentation techniques like Equalize significantly enhance the model's classification capabilities,achieving an F1-Score of 0.9869 for igneous rocks,0.9884 for metamorphic rocks,and 0.9929 for sedimentary rocks,representing improvements compared to the baseline original results.Moreover,the weighted average F1-Score across all classes and techniques is 0.9886,indicating an enhancement.Conversely,methods like Distort lead to decreased accuracy and F1-Score,with an F1-Score of 0.949 for igneous rocks,0.954 for metamorphic rocks,and 0.9416 for sedimentary rocks,exacerbating the performance compared to the baseline.The study underscores the practicality of image data augmentation in geological image classification and advocates for the adoption of DL methods in this domain for automation and improved results.The findings of this study can benefit various fields,including remote sensing,mineral exploration,and environmental monitoring,by enhancing the accuracy of geological image analysis both for scientific research and industrial applications.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0120700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52274041)Distinguished Young Sichuan Science Scholars(2023NSFSC1954).
文摘Cyclic injection holds great potential for CO_(2) emission reduction coupled with enhanced unconventional oil recovery.There is,however,a lack of a thorough understanding of carbon distribution,migration,and transformation underground over time at the reservoir scale.To address this issue,we conducted a rig-orous numerical simulation integrating microseismic events,multi-geomechanics,and multi-geochemistry to represent the complex fracture geometry,rock stress sensitivity,and CO_(2)-oil-brine-rock interactions.The fluid model,reservoir model,and geochemical reaction kinetics were carefully validated and calibrated using experimental data.The performance of CO_(2) utilization and geological storage was comprehensively investigated in terms of changes in oil production,CO_(2) storage,carbon distribution,and petrophysical properties.The results indicate that 48.3%of the injected CO_(2) was stored stably under-ground after ten cycles(ten years),with a 3.4%increase in oil recovery.The presence of multiple CO_(2) stor-age forms,such as dissolved in water and mineralized carbonate,impeded CO_(2)-oil interaction,leading to a 25.9%reduction in the volume of the CO_(2)-oil mixing zone and a 2.2%decrease in cumulative oil pro-duction,albeit with a 7.7%increase in the storage rate.The cyclic injection mode had a significant impact on the migration and transformation of CO_(2) in the reservoir.While dissolved CO_(2) in oil accounted for over half of the total storage,it had the possibility of being released during production.After ten cycles,20%of the injected CO_(2)(approximately 12000 t)reached long-term storage in four forms:mineralized carbon-ate(6%),water-dissolved CO_(2)(6%),aqueous ions(4%),and trapped gas(4%).Notably,the non-fracture zone within the stimulated reservoir volume(SRV)served as the primary trapping area for residual gas.This work provides valuable insights into dynamic CO_(2) transport and transformation processes under cyclic injection and presents a more comprehensive and precise framework for assessing CO_(2) capture,utilization,and storage with enhanced oil recovery(CCUS-EOR)performance in unconventional reser-voirs after fracturing.
基金supported by the China Geological Survey,Nanjing Center,Zhejiang Geological Survey and China University of Geosciences,Wuhanfunded by the Laboratory of Geological Safety of Underground Space in Coastal Cities,Ministry of Natural Resources(Project No.BHKF2023×01)the China Geological Survey,Nanjing Center(Project No.DD20190281).
文摘Urban geological information platforms have traditionally focused on static data provision for public service,constrained by funding and limited engagement with engineering applications.This study takes Hangzhou-a major Chinese megacity-as a model to propose a technically integrated platform that aligns with urban infrastructure development,particularly underground space engineering.Through the adoption of the large-scale relational database system Oracle,we first established a comprehensive storage framework for fundamental urban geological and underground infrastructure information,thereby completed the construction of the core databases.To ensure spatial consistency across multi-source data and to meet the platform’s high computational demands while improving overall server responsiveness,we introduced three critical innovations:voxel-based model encoding,distributed computing,and frontend-backend separation with asynchronous processing.To align with urban engineering projects and enhance economic returns,the platform was initially developed through the integration of foundational geological data,including borehole records and aboveground-underground spatial information.Based on this foundation,its practical application in Hangzhou’s Qiantang New Town further demonstrated the platform’s potential in supporting subway routing,underground structure planning,and engineering cost analysis.Consequently,the construction of the Hangzhou geological information platform not only offers robust support for urban decision-making and smart city development but also provides a replicable model for addressing the technical and institutional challenges commonly encountered in the development of urban geological platforms.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:42130706。
文摘Coal mining induces changes in the nature of rock and soil bodies,as well as hydrogeological conditions,which can easily trigger the occurrence of geological disasters such as water inrush,movement of the coal seam roof and floor,and rock burst.Transparency in coal mine geological conditions provides technical support for intelligent coal mining and geological disaster prevention.In this sense,it is of great significance to address the requirements for informatizing coal mine geological conditions,dynamically adjust sensing parameters,and accurately identify disaster characteristics so as to prevent and control coal mine geological disasters.This paper examines the various action fields associated with geological disasters in mining faces and scrutinizes the types and sensing parameters of geological disasters resulting from coal seam mining.On this basis,it summarizes a distributed fiber-optic sensing technology framework for transparent geology in coal mines.Combined with the multi-field monitoring characteristics of the strain field,the temperature field,and the vibration field of distributed optical fiber sensing technology,parameters such as the strain increment ratio,the aquifer temperature gradient,and the acoustic wave amplitude are extracted as eigenvalues for identifying rock breaking,aquifer water level,and water cut range,and a multi-field sensing method is established for identifying the characteristics of mining-induced rock mass disasters.The development direction of transparent geology based on optical fiber sensing technology is proposed in terms of the aspects of sensing optical fiber structure for large deformation monitoring,identification accuracy of optical fiber acoustic signals,multi-parameter monitoring,and early warning methods.
文摘With the increasing tunnel construction projects in China,geological hazards and construction accidents in tunnels occur frequently.The widely applied intelligent detection of ground-penetrating radar(GPR)for tunnel advance geological forecast(TAGF)rarely involves research and application exploration on irregular structures.The GPR dataset for TAGF in the Guangxi region meets the requirements for isomorphic source domain feature extraction.This paper proposes a methodology for creating polygon labeling of irregular structures and develops an image segmentation approach based on the Yolov5s deep learning framework,establishing the polygon-Yolov5s intelligent forecasting network for irregular geological hazards in GPR tunnel detection.Through case trials using both numerical and actual TAGF datasets,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are validated by using the SSD algorithm and the traditional Yolov5s algorithm.The effective utilization of intelligent interpretation systems for irregular geological hazards would improve the efficiency and accuracy of geological forecasting and operational maintenance detection.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(42301492)the Open Fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vision Based Monitoring for Hydroelectric Engineering(2022SDSJ04,2024SDSJ03)+1 种基金the Opening Fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education(GLAB 2023ZR01,GLAB2024ZR08)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Automatic segmentation and recognition of content and element information in color geological map are of great significance for researchers to analyze the distribution of mineral resources and predict disaster information.This article focuses on color planar raster geological map(geological maps include planar geological maps,columnar maps,and profiles).While existing deep learning approaches are often used to segment general images,their performance is limited due to complex elements,diverse regional features,and complicated backgrounds for color geological map in the domain of geoscience.To address the issue,a color geological map segmentation model is proposed that combines the Felz clustering algorithm and an improved SE-UNet deep learning network(named GeoMSeg).Firstly,a symmetrical encoder-decoder structure backbone network based on UNet is constructed,and the channel attention mechanism SENet has been incorporated to augment the network’s capacity for feature representation,enabling the model to purposefully extract map information.The SE-UNet network is employed for feature extraction from the geological map and obtain coarse segmentation results.Secondly,the Felz clustering algorithm is used for super pixel pre-segmentation of geological maps.The coarse segmentation results are refined and modified based on the super pixel pre-segmentation results to obtain the final segmentation results.This study applies GeoMSeg to the constructed dataset,and the experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has superior performance compared to other mainstream map segmentation models,with an accuracy of 91.89%and a MIoU of 71.91%.
基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.8232044)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.2462023BJRC030).
文摘The long-term stability of CO_(2) storage represents a pivotal challenge in geological CO_(2) storage(CGS),particularly within deep saline aquifers characterized by complex fault-block systems.While the injection sites and rate under different fault structures will directly affect the CO_(2) storage effect and the risk of leakage.This study investigates the Gaoyou Sag in the Subei Basin,a representative fault-block reservoir,through an integrated numerical-experimental approach.A three-dimensional simulation model incorporating multiphase flow dynamics was developed to characterize subsurface CO_(2) transport and dissolution processes.A novel fault seal capacity evaluation framework was proposed,integrating three critical geological indices(fault throw/reservoir thickness/caprock thicknesses)with the coupling of formation physical properties,temperature,and pressure for the rational selection of injection sites and rates.The results show that Optimal storage performance is observed when the fault throw is lower than the reservoir and caprock thicknesses.Furthermore,higher temperature and pressure promote the dissolution and diffusion of CO_(2),while compared to the structural form of faults,the physical properties of faults have a more significant effect on CO_(2) leakage.The larger reservoir space and the presence of an interlayer reduce the risk of CO_(2) leakage,and augmenting storage potential.Decreasing the injection rate increases the proportion of dissolved CO_(2),thereby enhancing the safety of CO_(2) storage.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42206234,42476228,42076220)the Key R&D Project of Shandong Province(No.2024SFGC0302)+2 种基金the Project of Laoshan Laboratory(No.LSKJ202203404)the Project of China Geology Survey(Nos.DD202503023,DD20230401)support from the Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions(ONCE)Program。
文摘Offshore carbon dioxide(CO_(2))geological storage is a promising strategy for reducing carbon emissions and supporting sustainable development in coastal regions within a carbon neutrality framework.However,only a few works have focused on offshore basins in China.To address this gap,this study established a dual indicator system that comprises necessary and critical indices and is integrated with the analytic hierarchy process.A coupled analysis was then performed to evaluate the suitability of 10 offshore sedimentary basins in China for CO_(2)geological storage.The necessary indicator system focuses on storage potential,geological conditions,and engineering feasibility.Meanwhile,the critical indicator system emphasizes the safety of storage projects and the viability of drilling operations.Evaluation results revealed that China's offshore basins have undergone two geological evolution stages,namely,the rifting and post-rifting phases,leading to the formation of a dual-layer structure characterized by faulted lower layers and sagged upper layers.These basins have thick and widespread Cenozoic strata,generally low seismic activity,and medium-to-low geothermal gradients.They form five reservoir-caprock systems with favorable geological conditions for CO_(2)storage.The Pearl River Mouth,East China Sea Shelf,and Bohai Basins emerged as primary candidates that offer substantial storage potential to support carbon neutrality goals in the Bohai Rim Economic Zone,Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone,and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.The Beibu Gulf and South Yellow Sea Basins were identified as secondary candidates,and the Qiongdongnan and Yinggehai Basins were considered potential alternatives.
基金financially supported by the China Geological Survey(Grant Nos.DD20240014 and DD20243090)Central governmentguided local scientific and technological development fund project(Grant No.XZ202401YD0006-07)Ministry of Natural Resources of China(Grant No.ZKKJ202427)。
文摘The Xialonggang Pb-Zn-Sb deposit is a newly discovered large-scale polymetallic deposit within the Tethyan Himalayan metallogenic belt.Although significant prospecting breakthroughs have been made at Xialonggang in recent years,the geology and mineralization process are poorly understood.This study conducted monazite U-Pb geochronology,fluid inclusion,and O-H-S isotope of the Xialonggang Pb-Zn-Sb deposit.Analytical results indicate that the ore-forming fluids constituted a H_(2)O-NaCl-CO_(2)-CH_(4)-N_(2)system characterized by moderate temperatures(261-314℃)and moderate to low salinities(2.9-8.9 wt%NaCl eqv.).The early-stage fluids exhibited signatures close to magmatic fluids,while the late-stage fluids showed characteristics indicative of mixing between magmatic fluids and meteoric water.Sulfur isotope analysis(mainly range primarily from 1.2‰to 6.44‰,with one sphalerite up to 8.19‰)revealed that a predominantly deep-sourced sulfur composition with minor contribution from sedimentary strata.This study demonstrates that the Xialonggang Pb-Zn-Sb deposit is controlled by the NE-trending fault system.A hydrothermal circulation system driven by substantial deep-seated magmatic heat,leached materials from the surrounding strata.The hydrothermal fluids migrated upwards along the fault system,filling the NE-trending tensional fractures to form a hydrothermal vein-type Pb-Zn-Sb deposit.
基金National science and technology signifi cant special(No.2024ZD1003406)Natural Science Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(No.2024AH050374)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52274071).
文摘The advancement of intelligent mining in open-pit operations has imposed higher demands on geological transparency,aiming to provide a robust foundation for intelligent drilling and charging.In this study,a linear array of 120 nodal seismometers was deployed along the surfaces of the C8 and C9 platforms at Fenghuang Mountain to investigate cavities within the rock mass and prevent improper intelligent charging.The seismometers were 1 m apart along measurement lines,with a 2-m spacing between lines,and the monitoring time for each line was set at 2 h.This deployment was paired with spatial autocorrelation and station autocorrelation to analyze ambient noise seismic data and image the velocity and structure within the rock mass.The results demonstrate that the locations and sizes of cavities or loose structures can be accurately identified at the prepared excavation site.Compared with traditional geological exploration methods for openpit mines,the approach in this study off ers higher accuracy,greater efficiency,reduced labor intensity,and insensitivity to water conditions.Ambient noise seismic imaging for detecting adverse geological conditions in open-pit mines provides critical insights and references for intelligent mining advancements.
基金2024 Guiding Science and Technology Program of Fujian Province(No.2024H0026)2025 Innovation Fund Project of Fujian Province(No.2025C0004).
文摘This study develops a geological hazard evaluation index system for Shouning County,a key area for disaster prevention in Fujian Province.Through detailed investigation reports and field surveys,six factors were selected,including elevation,slope gradient,slope aspect,stratigraphic lithological group,distance from the water systems,and geological structures.A geological hazard susceptibility zoning map was created using the Information Quantity Method(IQM).The evaluation showed that elevation,slope aspect,and distance from the water systems are primary risk factors,with high and extremely high susceptibility areas covering 168.57 km^(2)(52.63%of the study area)and a disaster point density of 3.07 points/km^(2).The model achieved an accuracy of 0.73,validating its effectiveness in hazard assessment.These findings provide a valuable reference for disaster prediction and mitigation in Shouning County,supporting improved planning and risk management efforts.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52378392,52408356)Foal Eagle Program Youth Top-notch Talent Project of Fujian Province,China(Grant No.00387088).
文摘Current machine learning models for predicting geological conditions during earth pressure balance(EPB)shield tunneling predominantly rely on accurate geological conditions as model label inputs.This study introduces an innovative approach for the real-time prediction of geological conditions in EPB shield tunneling by utilizing an unsupervised incremental learning model that integrates deep temporal clustering(DTC)with elastic weight consolidation(EWC).The model was trained and tested using data from an EPB shield tunneling project in Nanjing,China.Results demonstrate that the DTC model outperforms nine comparison models by clustering the entire dataset into four distinct groups representing various geological conditions without requiring labeled data.Additionally,integrating EWC into the DTC model significantly enhances its continuous learning capabilities,enabling automatic parameter updates with incoming data and facilitating the real-time recognition of geological conditions.Feature importance was evaluated using the feature elimination method and the Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)method,underscoring the critical roles of earth chamber pressure and cutterhead rotation speed in predicting geological conditions.The proposed EWC-DTC model demonstrates practical utility for EPB shield tunneling in complex environments.
文摘Geological samples often contain significant amounts of iron,which,although not typically the target element,can substantially interfere with the analysis of other elements of interest.To mitigate these interferences,amidoximebased radiation grafted adsorbents have been identified as effective for iron removal.In this study,an amidoximefunctionalized,radiation-grafted adsorbent synthesized from polypropylene waste(PPw-g-AO-10)was employed to remove iron from leached geological samples.The adsorption process was systematically optimized by investigating the effects of pH,contact time,adsorbent dosage,and initial ferric ion concentration.Under optimal conditions-pH1.4,a contact time of 90 min,and an initial ferric ion concentration of 4500 mg/L-the adsorbent exhibited a maximum iron adsorption capacity of 269.02 mg/g.After optimizing the critical adsorption parameters,the adsorbent was applied to the leached geological samples,achieving a 91%removal of the iron content.The adsorbent was regenerated through two consecutive cycles using 0.2 N HNO_(3),achieving a regeneration efficiency of 65%.These findings confirm the efficacy of the synthesized PPw-g-AO-10 as a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for successfully removing iron from leached geological matrices while maintaining a reasonable degree of reusability.
基金Xinjiang Water Science and Technology Special Project,Grant/Award Numbers:XSKJ-2022-05,XSKJ-2023-30State Grid Co.,LTD.Technology Project,Grant/Award Number:5108-202218280A-2-301-XG。
文摘Xiyu conglomerate is a significant and extensively distributed geological formation in western China.A clear understanding of its properties and the establishment of a classification system are essential for selecting appropriate research methods to investigate its engineering mechanical behavior.Based on geological data from eight typical Xiyu conglomerate geological belts and seven hydropower projects,this study summarizes the main engineering geological characteristics,and analyzes the fabric characteristics of various components of the conglomerate through laboratory tests and statistical analysis.A comprehensive classification system is proposed for Xiyu conglomerate based on two key criteria:(1)grain size distribution,quantified by the d_(50)(median grain diameter),and(2)cementation type,identified via mineralogical and geochemical analysis.This system divides Xiyu conglomerate into nine distinct categories,each defined by specific engineering geological and petrofabric properties.The results reveal that,even within the same region,the grain size composition and distribution of Xiyu conglomerate are highly heterogeneous.While the chemical composition of the cementing materials is generally consistent,notable differences in cement properties arise primarily from variations in mineral content,particularly the proportion of calcareous material(dolomite,calcite,and quartz).Conglomerates with gray or grayish-blue matrices typically exhibit higher calcareous content,whereas those with earth-yellow or khaki matrices contain less calcareous material and are predominantly argillaceous-cemented.Additionally,Xiyu conglomerate shows higher porosity compared to conventional rocks.The proposed classification method based on engineering geological and fabric characteristics offers a geological basis for further determining the engineering mechanical properties of various Xiyu conglomerate types.This approach holds potential for addressing the challenges related to unclear classification and difficulty in accurately defining mechanical parameters for Xiyu conglomerate across different regions.
