Geographic information technologies(GIT)have matured,have become pervasive throughout many types of organizations over recent decades and gained a wide range of attention in diverse sectors of society.The goal of this...Geographic information technologies(GIT)have matured,have become pervasive throughout many types of organizations over recent decades and gained a wide range of attention in diverse sectors of society.The goal of this paper is to identify the main drivers and uses of GIT in organizations and to give an overview of GIT uses in developing countries with a focus on a case study developed for Mozambique by analyzing the results of a survey of 123 Mozambican organizations that are current GIT users.The results show that the main drivers behind are compatibility,complexity,competitive pressure,donor pressure,government policy,intention to adopt,innovation,relative advantage,security,and technology competence.Organizations of the public and private sectors use GIT for customer/resource/risk management,decision support,education,research,monitoring,prediction,simulation,suitability analysis,sustainability,use and access.展开更多
In mine production, using reasonable method to complete the measurement process is helpful for subsequent mining exploration and mining design. In actual measurement, adopting diversified information and surveying and...In mine production, using reasonable method to complete the measurement process is helpful for subsequent mining exploration and mining design. In actual measurement, adopting diversified information and surveying and mapping technology is conducive to further improve the quality and precision of measurement. In this paper, the role of the impact on mine survey is introduced. Moreover, the present situation of using geographic information, surveying and mapping technology and its future development prospect are discussed.展开更多
In recent years, China's science, technology and economy have improved in an all-round way, and the social productivity has increased significantly on the basis of the past. With the continuous development of dome...In recent years, China's science, technology and economy have improved in an all-round way, and the social productivity has increased significantly on the basis of the past. With the continuous development of domestic construction industry, there are many contradictions and problems, which are difficult to adapt to the existing engineering measurement technology. In order to improve the measurement accuracy and ensure the reliability of engineering measurement, new technology is needed. In recent years, the development of wechat technology and information system has greatly promoted the development of digital surveying and mapping technology, and many new technical means have emerged in the surveying and mapping industry.展开更多
We developed a sophisticated method to depict the spatial and seasonal characterization of net primary productivity (NPP) and climate variables. The role of climate variability in the seasonal variation of NPP exerts ...We developed a sophisticated method to depict the spatial and seasonal characterization of net primary productivity (NPP) and climate variables. The role of climate variability in the seasonal variation of NPP exerts delayed and continuous effects. This study expands on this by mapping the seasonal characterization of NPP and climate variables from space using geographic information system (GIS) technology at the pixel level. Our approach was developed in southeastern China using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. The results showed that air temperature,precipitation and sunshine percentage contributed significantly to seasonal variation of NPP. In the northern portion of the study area,a significant positive 32-d lagged correlation was observed between seasonal variation of NPP and climate (P<0.01),and the influences of changing climate on NPP lasted for 48 d or 64 d. In central southeastern China,NPP showed 16-d,48-d,and 96-d lagged correlation with air temperature,precipitation,and sunshine percentage,respectively (P<0.01); the influences of air temperature and precipitation on NPP lasted for 48 d or 64 d,while sunshine influence on NPP only persisted for 16 d. Due to complex topography and vegetation distribution in the southern part of the study region,the spatial patterns of vegetation-climate relationship became complicated and diversiform,especially for precipitation influences on NPP. In the northern part of the study area,all vegetation NPP had an almost similar response to seasonal variation of air temperature except for broad crops. The impacts of seasonal variation of precipitation and sunshine on broad and cereal crop NPP were slightly different from other vegetation NPP.展开更多
Lake basins are natural pathways for the flow of materials and energy and play a key role in maintaining biodiversity and providing ecosystem services[1].However,lake basin water security issues(e.g.,water resource sc...Lake basins are natural pathways for the flow of materials and energy and play a key role in maintaining biodiversity and providing ecosystem services[1].However,lake basin water security issues(e.g.,water resource scarcity,water environment degradation,and aquatic ecosystem deterioration)caused by climate change and intensified human activities threaten the survival of nearly 80%of the global population[[2],[3],[4]].These challenges undermine the synergy between human and natural systems in lake basins,hindering the achievement of over 90%of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)[5].Therefore,ensuring and enhancing water security in lake basins is crucial for the sustainability of socio-ecological systems.展开更多
Beef cattle production is declining in the areas surrounding LVB （Lake Victoria Basin） due to many factors among which is the climate change. This study was focused on generating spatial knowledge that will be usefu...Beef cattle production is declining in the areas surrounding LVB （Lake Victoria Basin） due to many factors among which is the climate change. This study was focused on generating spatial knowledge that will be useful in designing appropriate strategies for improving beef cattle production on rangelands of the LVB, through assessing changes in stock routes in relation to water and pasture availability for livestock under a changing climate. The study used participatory mapping and focused group discussions to assess spatial changes of stock routes in relation to water availability and pasture under critical climate changes. Also, GIS （Geographic Information Systems） technologies were deployed in formalization of spatial layers for integration with other pertinent datasets to the facilitate analysis. The study revealed remarkable stock routes changes （i.e. some have been lost, some have been converted into roads, while others have been lost and others narrowed influencing conflicts between pastorists and farmers. The stock routes changes are made by the increased human population which has led to an increase of cultivated areas and subsequently the decline of water sources and grazing land for pastorists. It is recommended that there should be effective land use planning practice, real-time stock route modification concomitant with adverse climate changes and cattle farming practice. Intervention by other mitigation measures particuticularly rainwater harvesting which is a strategy for alleviation of climate change effects for improving beef cattle production in LVB areas is proposed.展开更多
基金This research was partially funded by NUFFIC,the Dutch organization for internationalization in education,through a doctoral grant[grant number:NICHE-MOZ-136].
文摘Geographic information technologies(GIT)have matured,have become pervasive throughout many types of organizations over recent decades and gained a wide range of attention in diverse sectors of society.The goal of this paper is to identify the main drivers and uses of GIT in organizations and to give an overview of GIT uses in developing countries with a focus on a case study developed for Mozambique by analyzing the results of a survey of 123 Mozambican organizations that are current GIT users.The results show that the main drivers behind are compatibility,complexity,competitive pressure,donor pressure,government policy,intention to adopt,innovation,relative advantage,security,and technology competence.Organizations of the public and private sectors use GIT for customer/resource/risk management,decision support,education,research,monitoring,prediction,simulation,suitability analysis,sustainability,use and access.
文摘In mine production, using reasonable method to complete the measurement process is helpful for subsequent mining exploration and mining design. In actual measurement, adopting diversified information and surveying and mapping technology is conducive to further improve the quality and precision of measurement. In this paper, the role of the impact on mine survey is introduced. Moreover, the present situation of using geographic information, surveying and mapping technology and its future development prospect are discussed.
文摘In recent years, China's science, technology and economy have improved in an all-round way, and the social productivity has increased significantly on the basis of the past. With the continuous development of domestic construction industry, there are many contradictions and problems, which are difficult to adapt to the existing engineering measurement technology. In order to improve the measurement accuracy and ensure the reliability of engineering measurement, new technology is needed. In recent years, the development of wechat technology and information system has greatly promoted the development of digital surveying and mapping technology, and many new technical means have emerged in the surveying and mapping industry.
基金Project supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2006AA120101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40871158 and 40875070)the Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China (No. 2006BAD10A01)
文摘We developed a sophisticated method to depict the spatial and seasonal characterization of net primary productivity (NPP) and climate variables. The role of climate variability in the seasonal variation of NPP exerts delayed and continuous effects. This study expands on this by mapping the seasonal characterization of NPP and climate variables from space using geographic information system (GIS) technology at the pixel level. Our approach was developed in southeastern China using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. The results showed that air temperature,precipitation and sunshine percentage contributed significantly to seasonal variation of NPP. In the northern portion of the study area,a significant positive 32-d lagged correlation was observed between seasonal variation of NPP and climate (P<0.01),and the influences of changing climate on NPP lasted for 48 d or 64 d. In central southeastern China,NPP showed 16-d,48-d,and 96-d lagged correlation with air temperature,precipitation,and sunshine percentage,respectively (P<0.01); the influences of air temperature and precipitation on NPP lasted for 48 d or 64 d,while sunshine influence on NPP only persisted for 16 d. Due to complex topography and vegetation distribution in the southern part of the study region,the spatial patterns of vegetation-climate relationship became complicated and diversiform,especially for precipitation influences on NPP. In the northern part of the study area,all vegetation NPP had an almost similar response to seasonal variation of air temperature except for broad crops. The impacts of seasonal variation of precipitation and sunshine on broad and cereal crop NPP were slightly different from other vegetation NPP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(42230110)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20242BAB27001).
文摘Lake basins are natural pathways for the flow of materials and energy and play a key role in maintaining biodiversity and providing ecosystem services[1].However,lake basin water security issues(e.g.,water resource scarcity,water environment degradation,and aquatic ecosystem deterioration)caused by climate change and intensified human activities threaten the survival of nearly 80%of the global population[[2],[3],[4]].These challenges undermine the synergy between human and natural systems in lake basins,hindering the achievement of over 90%of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)[5].Therefore,ensuring and enhancing water security in lake basins is crucial for the sustainability of socio-ecological systems.
文摘Beef cattle production is declining in the areas surrounding LVB （Lake Victoria Basin） due to many factors among which is the climate change. This study was focused on generating spatial knowledge that will be useful in designing appropriate strategies for improving beef cattle production on rangelands of the LVB, through assessing changes in stock routes in relation to water and pasture availability for livestock under a changing climate. The study used participatory mapping and focused group discussions to assess spatial changes of stock routes in relation to water availability and pasture under critical climate changes. Also, GIS （Geographic Information Systems） technologies were deployed in formalization of spatial layers for integration with other pertinent datasets to the facilitate analysis. The study revealed remarkable stock routes changes （i.e. some have been lost, some have been converted into roads, while others have been lost and others narrowed influencing conflicts between pastorists and farmers. The stock routes changes are made by the increased human population which has led to an increase of cultivated areas and subsequently the decline of water sources and grazing land for pastorists. It is recommended that there should be effective land use planning practice, real-time stock route modification concomitant with adverse climate changes and cattle farming practice. Intervention by other mitigation measures particuticularly rainwater harvesting which is a strategy for alleviation of climate change effects for improving beef cattle production in LVB areas is proposed.
