Fluid （and melt） inclusion studies have shown a marked devel- opment in the last decades, as indicated by the increasing number of papers and as covered under major themes in specialized meetings （e.g. ECROFI in Eu...Fluid （and melt） inclusion studies have shown a marked devel- opment in the last decades, as indicated by the increasing number of papers and as covered under major themes in specialized meetings （e.g. ECROFI in Europe, PACROFI in America, ACROFI in Asia）. However, a basic text book is lacking in current literature, available information being either somewhat outdated （e,g. Roedder, 1984） or scattered in multi-author ＂short course＂, mainly organized by the Mineralogical Societies of Canada, America or Europe. A result is that basic features of fluid inclusion studies, notably its key technique, microthermometry, and recently supplemented by micro Raman of infrared spectroscopy, is rarely taught in most universities, leaving the student alone to discover a field of study which has grown to the dimensions of a major science.展开更多
Thermodynamic properties of fluids are essential for the understanding of the geochemical behavior of various processes. The paper introduces the most updated computer modeling and simulation methods in the study of t...Thermodynamic properties of fluids are essential for the understanding of the geochemical behavior of various processes. The paper introduces the most updated computer modeling and simulation methods in the study of thermodynamics of geofluids, including semiempirical models (such as equation of state) and molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation.A well-established semi-empirical model can interpolate and extrapolate experimental data andyield much physicochemical in formation. Computer modeling may produce "experimental data"even under experimentally difficult conditions. They provide important methods for the studyof geological fluid systems on the quantitative basis.展开更多
In this work,we provide a comprehensive review on the formation,evolution,properties,and effects of supercritical geofluid.In Earth's interior,enhanced miscibility between H_(2)O and silicate by the addition of sp...In this work,we provide a comprehensive review on the formation,evolution,properties,and effects of supercritical geofluid.In Earth's interior,enhanced miscibility between H_(2)O and silicate by the addition of special components or by the increase of pressure and temperature gives rise to supercritical geofluid with a significant amount of both H_(2)O and silicate solute.The formation of supercritical geofluid in magmatic-hydrothermal systems,typified by pegmatite system,is governed by meltfluid critical curve.The formation of supercritical geofluid in metamorphic systems,typified by subducted slab,is governed by the second critical end point.Experimental results suggest that the presence of boron and fluorine in pegmatite system makes it possible to form supercritical geofluid at crustal depths,but the release of supercritical geofluid from subducted slab is withheld until almost 100 km depth.A major presence of both H_(2)O and depolymerized structural units(monomers,dimers,etc.)endows supercritical geofluid with unique physical properties including low density,low elastic moduli,low viscosity,high diffusivity,and high electrical conductivity.Supercritical geofluid can effectively mobilize a variety of elements even including high field strength elements and heavy rare earth elements.The chemical signatures of supercritical geofluid can be inherited by metasomatized mantle and mantle-derived melts,and this could give an explanation of the oxidation of arc magmas.Phase separation of supercritical geofluid through the mechanism of spinodal decomposition leads to formation of a melt network.Multiphase fluid inclusions recovered from subduction zone rocks and pegmatites are possible relics of supercritical geofluid.Supercritical geofluid can cause electrical anomaly and low seismic velocity near the top of subducted slab,and can be linked with intermediate-focus earthquakes.Supercritical geofluid may have played a crucial role in the formation of pegmatites and associated ore deposits.展开更多
文摘Fluid （and melt） inclusion studies have shown a marked devel- opment in the last decades, as indicated by the increasing number of papers and as covered under major themes in specialized meetings （e.g. ECROFI in Europe, PACROFI in America, ACROFI in Asia）. However, a basic text book is lacking in current literature, available information being either somewhat outdated （e,g. Roedder, 1984） or scattered in multi-author ＂short course＂, mainly organized by the Mineralogical Societies of Canada, America or Europe. A result is that basic features of fluid inclusion studies, notably its key technique, microthermometry, and recently supplemented by micro Raman of infrared spectroscopy, is rarely taught in most universities, leaving the student alone to discover a field of study which has grown to the dimensions of a major science.
文摘Thermodynamic properties of fluids are essential for the understanding of the geochemical behavior of various processes. The paper introduces the most updated computer modeling and simulation methods in the study of thermodynamics of geofluids, including semiempirical models (such as equation of state) and molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation.A well-established semi-empirical model can interpolate and extrapolate experimental data andyield much physicochemical in formation. Computer modeling may produce "experimental data"even under experimentally difficult conditions. They provide important methods for the studyof geological fluid systems on the quantitative basis.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFA0702700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42330301,42488101)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.WK3410000019)。
文摘In this work,we provide a comprehensive review on the formation,evolution,properties,and effects of supercritical geofluid.In Earth's interior,enhanced miscibility between H_(2)O and silicate by the addition of special components or by the increase of pressure and temperature gives rise to supercritical geofluid with a significant amount of both H_(2)O and silicate solute.The formation of supercritical geofluid in magmatic-hydrothermal systems,typified by pegmatite system,is governed by meltfluid critical curve.The formation of supercritical geofluid in metamorphic systems,typified by subducted slab,is governed by the second critical end point.Experimental results suggest that the presence of boron and fluorine in pegmatite system makes it possible to form supercritical geofluid at crustal depths,but the release of supercritical geofluid from subducted slab is withheld until almost 100 km depth.A major presence of both H_(2)O and depolymerized structural units(monomers,dimers,etc.)endows supercritical geofluid with unique physical properties including low density,low elastic moduli,low viscosity,high diffusivity,and high electrical conductivity.Supercritical geofluid can effectively mobilize a variety of elements even including high field strength elements and heavy rare earth elements.The chemical signatures of supercritical geofluid can be inherited by metasomatized mantle and mantle-derived melts,and this could give an explanation of the oxidation of arc magmas.Phase separation of supercritical geofluid through the mechanism of spinodal decomposition leads to formation of a melt network.Multiphase fluid inclusions recovered from subduction zone rocks and pegmatites are possible relics of supercritical geofluid.Supercritical geofluid can cause electrical anomaly and low seismic velocity near the top of subducted slab,and can be linked with intermediate-focus earthquakes.Supercritical geofluid may have played a crucial role in the formation of pegmatites and associated ore deposits.
