Quantum random number generators adopting single negligible dead time of avalanche photodiodes （APDs） photon detection have been restricted due to the non- We propose a new approach based on an APD array to improve...Quantum random number generators adopting single negligible dead time of avalanche photodiodes （APDs） photon detection have been restricted due to the non- We propose a new approach based on an APD array to improve the generation rate of random numbers significantly. This method compares the detectors＇ responses to consecutive optical pulses and generates the random sequence. We implement a demonstration experiment to show its simplicity, compactness and scalability. The generated numbers are proved to be unbiased, post-processing free, ready to use, and their randomness is verified by using the national institute of standard technology statistical test suite. The random bit generation efficiency is as high as 32.8% and the potential generation rate adopting the 32× 32 APD array is up to tens of Gbits/s.展开更多
With the rapid increase of wind farms,the grid code needs to be improved to meet the requirement of wind farms and enhance grid stability.Doubly-fed induction generators are largely used in wind turbines,but they are ...With the rapid increase of wind farms,the grid code needs to be improved to meet the requirement of wind farms and enhance grid stability.Doubly-fed induction generators are largely used in wind turbines,but they are very sensitive to grid disturbances.The voltage swell can be caused by switching on capacitor banks or switching off large loads,which may result in the reversal of the power flow in the grid convertor;the current may flow from the grid into the DC link,which may step up DC voltage,and result in large faults of rotor currents and instantaneous power oscillation.The grid reactive compensation devices can not have the automatic swithing function after the low voltage fault,which will result in local reactive power surplus,so some wind power generators will retreat from the grid under high voltage protection.展开更多
We propose a biased random number generation protocol whose randomness is based on the violation of the Clauser Home inequality. Non-maximally entangled state is used to maximize the Bell violation. Due to the rotatio...We propose a biased random number generation protocol whose randomness is based on the violation of the Clauser Home inequality. Non-maximally entangled state is used to maximize the Bell violation. Due to the rotational asymmetry of the quantum state, the ratio of Os to ls varies with the measurement bases. The experimental partners can then use their measurement outcomes to generate the biased random bit string. The bias of their bit string can be adjusted by altering their choices of measurement bases. When this protocol is implemented in a device-independent way, we show that the bias of the bit string can still be ensured under the collective attack.展开更多
This paper presents a new control strategy for the rotor side converter of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator based Wind Turbine systems,under severe voltage dips.The main goal is to fulfill the Low Voltage Ride Through p...This paper presents a new control strategy for the rotor side converter of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator based Wind Turbine systems,under severe voltage dips.The main goal is to fulfill the Low Voltage Ride Through performance,required by modern grid codes.In this respect,the key point is to limit oscillations(particularly on rotor currents)triggered by line faults,so that the system keeps operating with graceful behavior.To this aim,a suitable feedforward-feedback control solution is proposed for the DFIG rotor side.The feedforward part exploits oscillation-free reference trajectories,analytically derived for the system internal dynamics.State feedback,designed accounting for control voltage limits,endows the system with robustness and further tame oscillations during faults.Moreover,improved torque and stator reactive power tracking during faults is achieved,proposing an exact mapping between such quantities and rotor-side currents,which are conventionally used as controlled outputs.Numerical simulations are provided to validate the capability of the proposed approach to effectively cope with harsh faults.展开更多
In this paper, a process of the quadtree mesh generation is described, then a mesh control device of the tree based mesh generators is analyzed in detail. Some examples are given to demonstrate that the mesh contro...In this paper, a process of the quadtree mesh generation is described, then a mesh control device of the tree based mesh generators is analyzed in detail. Some examples are given to demonstrate that the mesh control device allows for efficient a priori and a posteriori mesh refinements.展开更多
Wide-band oscillations have become a significant issue limiting the development of wind power.Both large-signal and small-signal analyses require extensive model derivation.Moreover,the large number and high order of ...Wide-band oscillations have become a significant issue limiting the development of wind power.Both large-signal and small-signal analyses require extensive model derivation.Moreover,the large number and high order of wind turbines have driven the development of simplified models,whose applicability remains controversial.In this paper,a wide-band oscillation analysis method based on the average-value model(AVM)is proposed for wind farms(WFs).A novel linearization analysis framework is developed,leveraging the continuous-time characteristics of the AVM and MATLAB/Simulink’s built-in linearization tools.This significantly reduces modeling complexity and computational costs while maintaining model fidelity.Additionally,an object-based initial value estimation method of state variables is introduced,which,when combined with steady-state point-solving tools,greatly reduces the computational effort required for equilibrium point solving in batch linearization analysis.The proposed method is validated in both doubly fed induction generator(DFIG)-based and permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG)-based WFs.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis is conducted for the first time to examine the impact of the machine-side system on the system stability of the nonfully controlled PMSG-based WF.展开更多
COMPUTATIONAL experiments method is an essential tool for analyzing,designing,managing,and integrating complex systems.However,a significant challenge arises in constructing agents with human-like characteristics to f...COMPUTATIONAL experiments method is an essential tool for analyzing,designing,managing,and integrating complex systems.However,a significant challenge arises in constructing agents with human-like characteristics to form an AI society.Agent modeling typically encompasses four levels:1)The autonomy features of agents,e.g.,perception,behavior,and decision-making;2)The evolutionary features of agents,e.g.,bounded rationality,heterogeneity,and learning evolution;3)The social features of agents,e.g.,interaction,cooperation,and competition;4)The emergent features of agents,e.g.,gaming with environments or regulatory strategies.Traditional modeling techniques primarily derive from ABMs(Agent-based Models)and incorporate various emerging technologies(e.g.,machine learning,big data,and social networks),which can enhance modeling capabilities,while amplifying the complexity[1].展开更多
In the context of power generation companies, vast amounts of specialized data and expert knowledge have been accumulated. However, challenges such as data silos and fragmented knowledge hinder the effective utilizati...In the context of power generation companies, vast amounts of specialized data and expert knowledge have been accumulated. However, challenges such as data silos and fragmented knowledge hinder the effective utilization of this information. This study proposes a novel framework for intelligent Question-and-Answer (Q&A) systems based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to address these issues. The system efficiently acquires domain-specific knowledge by leveraging external databases, including Relational Databases (RDBs) and graph databases, without additional fine-tuning for Large Language Models (LLMs). Crucially, the framework integrates a Dynamic Knowledge Base Updating Mechanism (DKBUM) and a Weighted Context-Aware Similarity (WCAS) method to enhance retrieval accuracy and mitigate inherent limitations of LLMs, such as hallucinations and lack of specialization. Additionally, the proposed DKBUM dynamically adjusts knowledge weights within the database, ensuring that the most recent and relevant information is utilized, while WCAS refines the alignment between queries and knowledge items by enhanced context understanding. Experimental validation demonstrates that the system can generate timely, accurate, and context-sensitive responses, making it a robust solution for managing complex business logic in specialized industries.展开更多
经VSC-HVDC并网风电系统在风电场侧故障时,风电机组出口母线电压过低,极易引起风力机脱网。而双馈风力发电机(DFIG)传统的Crowbar技术在故障时将转子侧变流器(RSC)短接,使发电机定子侧失去了为电网提供无功的能力,风力机的低电压穿越能...经VSC-HVDC并网风电系统在风电场侧故障时,风电机组出口母线电压过低,极易引起风力机脱网。而双馈风力发电机(DFIG)传统的Crowbar技术在故障时将转子侧变流器(RSC)短接,使发电机定子侧失去了为电网提供无功的能力,风力机的低电压穿越能力较低。提出一种改进的DFIG模型,加入了主动式DC-Chopper,与传统的Crowbar相配合,降低Crowbar动作的概率,使得DFIG转子侧变流器可以控制定子侧在故障时期继续提供无功功率。并利用此改进的DFIG与VSC-HVDC协调控制,改善风电场侧母线电压水平。通过算例仿真表明,在严重故障时采用改进式DFIG的Crowbar仍未动作。从而大大降低Crowbar动作的概率,双馈风电机组RSC故障期间可以继续投入运行并为电网提供无功支持。完成故障期间DFIG两侧变流器与VSC-HVDC风电场侧变流器(WFVSC)之间的无功协调,使风电场具有更好的低电压穿越能力(Low Voltage Ride Though,LVRT)。展开更多
基金Supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics,Shanghai Branch,University of Science and Technology of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11405172
文摘Quantum random number generators adopting single negligible dead time of avalanche photodiodes （APDs） photon detection have been restricted due to the non- We propose a new approach based on an APD array to improve the generation rate of random numbers significantly. This method compares the detectors＇ responses to consecutive optical pulses and generates the random sequence. We implement a demonstration experiment to show its simplicity, compactness and scalability. The generated numbers are proved to be unbiased, post-processing free, ready to use, and their randomness is verified by using the national institute of standard technology statistical test suite. The random bit generation efficiency is as high as 32.8% and the potential generation rate adopting the 32× 32 APD array is up to tens of Gbits/s.
文摘With the rapid increase of wind farms,the grid code needs to be improved to meet the requirement of wind farms and enhance grid stability.Doubly-fed induction generators are largely used in wind turbines,but they are very sensitive to grid disturbances.The voltage swell can be caused by switching on capacitor banks or switching off large loads,which may result in the reversal of the power flow in the grid convertor;the current may flow from the grid into the DC link,which may step up DC voltage,and result in large faults of rotor currents and instantaneous power oscillation.The grid reactive compensation devices can not have the automatic swithing function after the low voltage fault,which will result in local reactive power surplus,so some wind power generators will retreat from the grid under high voltage protection.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61378011,U1204616 and 11447143the Program for Science and Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province under Grant No 2012HASTIT028the Program for Science and Technology Innovation Research Team in University of Henan Province under Grant No 13IRTSTHN020
文摘We propose a biased random number generation protocol whose randomness is based on the violation of the Clauser Home inequality. Non-maximally entangled state is used to maximize the Bell violation. Due to the rotational asymmetry of the quantum state, the ratio of Os to ls varies with the measurement bases. The experimental partners can then use their measurement outcomes to generate the biased random bit string. The bias of their bit string can be adjusted by altering their choices of measurement bases. When this protocol is implemented in a device-independent way, we show that the bias of the bit string can still be ensured under the collective attack.
文摘This paper presents a new control strategy for the rotor side converter of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator based Wind Turbine systems,under severe voltage dips.The main goal is to fulfill the Low Voltage Ride Through performance,required by modern grid codes.In this respect,the key point is to limit oscillations(particularly on rotor currents)triggered by line faults,so that the system keeps operating with graceful behavior.To this aim,a suitable feedforward-feedback control solution is proposed for the DFIG rotor side.The feedforward part exploits oscillation-free reference trajectories,analytically derived for the system internal dynamics.State feedback,designed accounting for control voltage limits,endows the system with robustness and further tame oscillations during faults.Moreover,improved torque and stator reactive power tracking during faults is achieved,proposing an exact mapping between such quantities and rotor-side currents,which are conventionally used as controlled outputs.Numerical simulations are provided to validate the capability of the proposed approach to effectively cope with harsh faults.
文摘In this paper, a process of the quadtree mesh generation is described, then a mesh control device of the tree based mesh generators is analyzed in detail. Some examples are given to demonstrate that the mesh control device allows for efficient a priori and a posteriori mesh refinements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52277072.
文摘Wide-band oscillations have become a significant issue limiting the development of wind power.Both large-signal and small-signal analyses require extensive model derivation.Moreover,the large number and high order of wind turbines have driven the development of simplified models,whose applicability remains controversial.In this paper,a wide-band oscillation analysis method based on the average-value model(AVM)is proposed for wind farms(WFs).A novel linearization analysis framework is developed,leveraging the continuous-time characteristics of the AVM and MATLAB/Simulink’s built-in linearization tools.This significantly reduces modeling complexity and computational costs while maintaining model fidelity.Additionally,an object-based initial value estimation method of state variables is introduced,which,when combined with steady-state point-solving tools,greatly reduces the computational effort required for equilibrium point solving in batch linearization analysis.The proposed method is validated in both doubly fed induction generator(DFIG)-based and permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG)-based WFs.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis is conducted for the first time to examine the impact of the machine-side system on the system stability of the nonfully controlled PMSG-based WF.
基金supported in part by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0900800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62472306,62441221,62206116)+2 种基金Tianjin University’s 2024 Special Project on Disciplinary Development(XKJS-2024-5-9)Tianjin University Talent Innovation Reward Program for Literature&Science Graduate Student(C1-2022-010)Shanxi Province Social Science Foundation(2020F002).
文摘COMPUTATIONAL experiments method is an essential tool for analyzing,designing,managing,and integrating complex systems.However,a significant challenge arises in constructing agents with human-like characteristics to form an AI society.Agent modeling typically encompasses four levels:1)The autonomy features of agents,e.g.,perception,behavior,and decision-making;2)The evolutionary features of agents,e.g.,bounded rationality,heterogeneity,and learning evolution;3)The social features of agents,e.g.,interaction,cooperation,and competition;4)The emergent features of agents,e.g.,gaming with environments or regulatory strategies.Traditional modeling techniques primarily derive from ABMs(Agent-based Models)and incorporate various emerging technologies(e.g.,machine learning,big data,and social networks),which can enhance modeling capabilities,while amplifying the complexity[1].
文摘In the context of power generation companies, vast amounts of specialized data and expert knowledge have been accumulated. However, challenges such as data silos and fragmented knowledge hinder the effective utilization of this information. This study proposes a novel framework for intelligent Question-and-Answer (Q&A) systems based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to address these issues. The system efficiently acquires domain-specific knowledge by leveraging external databases, including Relational Databases (RDBs) and graph databases, without additional fine-tuning for Large Language Models (LLMs). Crucially, the framework integrates a Dynamic Knowledge Base Updating Mechanism (DKBUM) and a Weighted Context-Aware Similarity (WCAS) method to enhance retrieval accuracy and mitigate inherent limitations of LLMs, such as hallucinations and lack of specialization. Additionally, the proposed DKBUM dynamically adjusts knowledge weights within the database, ensuring that the most recent and relevant information is utilized, while WCAS refines the alignment between queries and knowledge items by enhanced context understanding. Experimental validation demonstrates that the system can generate timely, accurate, and context-sensitive responses, making it a robust solution for managing complex business logic in specialized industries.
文摘经VSC-HVDC并网风电系统在风电场侧故障时,风电机组出口母线电压过低,极易引起风力机脱网。而双馈风力发电机(DFIG)传统的Crowbar技术在故障时将转子侧变流器(RSC)短接,使发电机定子侧失去了为电网提供无功的能力,风力机的低电压穿越能力较低。提出一种改进的DFIG模型,加入了主动式DC-Chopper,与传统的Crowbar相配合,降低Crowbar动作的概率,使得DFIG转子侧变流器可以控制定子侧在故障时期继续提供无功功率。并利用此改进的DFIG与VSC-HVDC协调控制,改善风电场侧母线电压水平。通过算例仿真表明,在严重故障时采用改进式DFIG的Crowbar仍未动作。从而大大降低Crowbar动作的概率,双馈风电机组RSC故障期间可以继续投入运行并为电网提供无功支持。完成故障期间DFIG两侧变流器与VSC-HVDC风电场侧变流器(WFVSC)之间的无功协调,使风电场具有更好的低电压穿越能力(Low Voltage Ride Though,LVRT)。
