Chaoshan drawnwork handkerchief design exhibits self-similarity and fractal characteristics due to their grid-based structure,overall symmetry,and the way local motifs reflect the whole pattern.To explore the potentia...Chaoshan drawnwork handkerchief design exhibits self-similarity and fractal characteristics due to their grid-based structure,overall symmetry,and the way local motifs reflect the whole pattern.To explore the potential of fractals in traditional textile design,a fractal-based generative framework was proposed for efficiently creating drawnwork patterns suitable for practical handicraft production.The research was initiated with an analysis of the structural composition of center,skeleton,and filler motifs extracted from a pattern sample library.Based on this hierarchical classification,the box-counting method was employed to calculate their respective fractal dimensions.Building on fractal art theory,generative algorithms,and studies on the application of Ultra Fractal,a Chaoshan drawnwork fractal design model was established.Using this model,51 drawnwork fractal patterns and 153 handkerchief patterns were generated.These patterns were subsequently applied in real-world production to validate the feasibility and value of fractal techniques in textile design.展开更多
In the past decade, the construction speed of high-rise office towers worldwide hasexhibited explosive growth. The unique morphological characteristics of high-rise office towersresult in higher shape factors and rela...In the past decade, the construction speed of high-rise office towers worldwide hasexhibited explosive growth. The unique morphological characteristics of high-rise office towersresult in higher shape factors and relatively larger thermal loads. The traditional workflow of“design-evaluation” in the early stages of design imposes constraints on the diversity of towermorphology, the timeliness of performance evaluation, and the efficient integration of systems. Therefore, targeting the geometric characteristics of high-rise office towers, a systematically developed and universally applicable design grammar, named “Vertex-Based PolygonalGenerative Grammar (VPGG)” is proposed. Additionally, a corresponding early-stage performance driven High-rise Office Tower Generative Design Framework (HOT_GDF) is introduced.Case study results demonstrate that, with the support of Artificial Neural Network, utilizingthis system can not only globally explore the diversity of tower morphologies but also efficiently uncover greater energy-saving potential in complex architectural forms compared tosimpler cubic forms, with an improvement of up to 7.76% during the early stages of design. Designed from the perspective of architects, the framework achieves logical, refined, and visualreal-time interaction between computers and human minds during the early stages of towerdesign. This enhances design efficiency and facilitates design decision-making. It systematically integrates considerations for environmental performance, such as thermal load and thermal comfort, into the design process. Furthermore, it couples various aspects of morphologicaldesign with corresponding building performance, helping users in making design decisions froma rational and quantifiable perspective. This captures greater design potential, encompassingboth form and performance, for high-rise office towers during the initial design phase.展开更多
In this study,we introduce a deep generative model,named Multi-Species Generative Adversarial Network(MS-GAN),which is developed to extract the low-dimensional manifold of three-dimensional multi-species surfaces.In t...In this study,we introduce a deep generative model,named Multi-Species Generative Adversarial Network(MS-GAN),which is developed to extract the low-dimensional manifold of three-dimensional multi-species surfaces.In the development of MS-GAN,we extend the freeform deformation by incorporating principal component analysis to increase the non-linear deformation ability while maintaining geometric smoothness.The implicit information of multiple baselines is embedded in the feature extraction layers,to enhance the diversity and parameterization of multi-species dataset.Furthermore,Wasserstein GAN with a gradient penalty is used to ensure the stability and convergence of the training networks.Two experiments,ruled surfaces and propeller blade surfaces,are performed to demonstrate the advantages and superiorities of MS-GAN.展开更多
In the last decade, parametric and generative design techniques become quite popular for form-finding strategies or for pushing automation in design processes. Nevertheless, these techniques could be applied in engine...In the last decade, parametric and generative design techniques become quite popular for form-finding strategies or for pushing automation in design processes. Nevertheless, these techniques could be applied in engineering processes as well in order to improve the effectiveness and the efficiency of manufacturing processes in BI （building industry）. Focusing on the case study of GLT （glued-laminated timber）, this paper shows the procedure of programming a parametric algorithm adopted by authors that pursues two specific design intents： reducing the usage of unneeded high-quality raw material and improving the efficiency of production processes by producing DF （digital fabrication） contents for standard production systems of GLT. According to different European and international standards, thanks to FEM （finite element model） simulations and curvature analysis, the algorithm allows saving at least 33% of high-quality raw material and, according to early first surveys on a standard production system, 30% of operation time among product engineering-processes.展开更多
A new generalized modular design (GMD) method is proposed based on designpractice of frame structure of hydraulic press machines. By building a series of flexible modules(FMs), design knowledge and structure features ...A new generalized modular design (GMD) method is proposed based on designpractice of frame structure of hydraulic press machines. By building a series of flexible modules(FMs), design knowledge and structure features are integrated into parametric models. Then,parametric design and variational analysis methods for GMD are presented according to user defineddesign objectives and customized product characteristics. A FM-centered GMD system is developed andsuccessfully used in the rapid design of relevant products.展开更多
This paper proposes a new kind of generalized Friendman's urn model,which with adaptive nonhomogeneous generating matrix.This model may be applied in sequential medical experiment.In this model some limit theorems...This paper proposes a new kind of generalized Friendman's urn model,which with adaptive nonhomogeneous generating matrix.This model may be applied in sequential medical experiment.In this model some limit theorems (strong consistency and asymptot- ical normality) have been obtained.展开更多
A kind of new design method for two-degree-of-freedom(2DOF)PID regulator was presented,in which,a new global search heuristic--improved generalized extremal optimization(GEO)algorithm is applied to the parameter optim...A kind of new design method for two-degree-of-freedom(2DOF)PID regulator was presented,in which,a new global search heuristic--improved generalized extremal optimization(GEO)algorithm is applied to the parameter optimization design of 2DOF PID regulator.The simulated results show that very good dynamic response performance of both command tracking and disturbance rejection characteristics can be achieved simultaneously.At the same time,the comparisons of simulation results with the improved GA,the basic GEO and the improved GEO were given.From the comparisons,it is shown that the improved GEO algorithm is competitive in performance with the GA and basic GEO and is an attractive tool to be used in the design of two-degree-of-freedom PID regulator.展开更多
This study addresses the growing demand for personalized luxury yacht design by proposing an integrated evaluation framework combining the KANO model,Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),TOPSIS,and AI-based image generatio...This study addresses the growing demand for personalized luxury yacht design by proposing an integrated evaluation framework combining the KANO model,Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),TOPSIS,and AI-based image generation.As consumer expectations in high-end marine vessels become increasingly sophisticated,there is a need for systematic methods to translate subjective preferences into optimal design solutions.The research first identified and categorized fourteen critical user requirements through the KANO model,then determined their relative importance weights using AHP.These weights were subsequently applied in a TOPSIS analysis to objectively evaluate three competing yacht design concepts.To enhance the design process,Stable Diffusion AI was employed to generate visual renderings based on textual descriptions of user needs,enabling rapid conceptual prototyping and emotional validation.Results demonstrated that this hybrid approach successfully quantified subjective preferences,with the top-ranked design achieving a 0.82 closeness coefficient in TOPSIS analysis while showing 23%higher user satisfaction in aesthetic appeal compared to conventional methods.The framework provides yacht designers with a novel tool that combines analytical decision-making with AI-enhanced visualization,significantly improving both the efficiency and user-centricity of the design process for luxury marine vessels.展开更多
To address the insufficient integration of performance evaluation and contextual analysis in traditional architectural design,this paper proposes a design workflow that combines data-driven and performance-driven appr...To address the insufficient integration of performance evaluation and contextual analysis in traditional architectural design,this paper proposes a design workflow that combines data-driven and performance-driven approaches,establishing a comprehensive operational pathway from typology selection and design generation to performance assessment.Using Yanshen Ancient Town,a cold region,as the study area,the research evaluates 18 traditional courtyard types and 8 brick kiln courtyard types.Benchmark models are selected based on the combined performance of PET(Physiological Equivalent Temperature)and MRT(Mean Radiant Temperature)indices.Subsequently,multiple performance indicators,including indoor and outdoor thermal comfort,indoor illuminance,and building energy consumption,are integrated into the analysis.Using a genetic algorithm,Pareto optimal solutions that meet performance requirements are iteratively optimized and filtered.Based on the learning rates and various evaluation indicators,XGBoost is ultimately selected to classify and predict the overall building performance.Results indicate that the model achieves an average prediction accuracy of 83.6%.Additionally,SHAP analysis of the independent variables in the algorithm reveals distinct influencing trends under different performance labels.The workflow demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating performance prediction in the early design stage of village courtyards,significantly enhancing the efficiency of feedback and follow-up between design decision-making and performance evaluation.展开更多
To meet the extreme precision requirements of nanometer-scale semiconductor manufacturing and micrometer-level aerospace component processing,the complexity of precision manufacturing equipment design has exceeded the...To meet the extreme precision requirements of nanometer-scale semiconductor manufacturing and micrometer-level aerospace component processing,the complexity of precision manufacturing equipment design has exceeded the capabilities of traditional design methodologies.Conventional experience-driven design approaches exhibit fundamental limitations when confronting high-dimensional parameter spaces,complex multidisciplinary coupling effects,and dynamic performance prediction requirements,rendering trial-and-error iterative optimization processes inefficient and incapable of achieving optimal solutions.Intelligent design offers new pathways to overcome these limitations through the integration of artificial intelligence(AI)with traditional engineering workflows.However,the transition from theoretical concepts to manufacturing practice encounters three critical technical bottlenecks:the sparsity and heterogeneity of design data constrain the development of domain-specific large models,hallucination phenomena in generative design compromise solution trustworthiness,and numerical simulation methods face fundamental trade-offs between computational accuracy and efficiency.This paper conducts comprehensive analysis of the underlying causes of these challenges and proposes a knowledge-generation-simulation integrated intelligent design ecosystem as a development pathway.This approach achieves deep integration of large models with manufacturing domain knowledge,seamless fusion of AI with Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Engineering(CAD/CAE)systems,and comprehensive synthesis of physics-based mechanisms with data-driven methods,driving the evolution of intelligent design from human-dominated iterative processes toward autonomous collaborative innovation systems,thereby providing robust support for technological breakthroughs in precision and extreme manufacturing equipment while facilitating the intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry.展开更多
Computation-based approaches in design have emerged in the last decades and rapidly became popular among architects and other designers.Design professionals and researchers adopted different terminologies to address t...Computation-based approaches in design have emerged in the last decades and rapidly became popular among architects and other designers.Design professionals and researchers adopted different terminologies to address these approaches.However,some terms are used ambiguously and inconsistently,and different terms are commonly used to express the same concept.This paper discusses computational design(CD)and proposes an improved and sound taxonomy for a set of key CD terms,namely,parametric,generative,and algorithmic design,based on an extensive literature review from which different definitions by various authors were collected,analyzed,and compared.展开更多
The significant challenges that urban design faces when moving forward into this new digital era involve the increasingly massive and complex projects that must be analyzed and developed.The need for efficient analysi...The significant challenges that urban design faces when moving forward into this new digital era involve the increasingly massive and complex projects that must be analyzed and developed.The need for efficient analysis tools and rational design methods represent ongoing concerns,while practicable and maneuverable applications rather than experimental studies are scarce.This research implemented a framework of digital description and generative grammar of block form from the perspective of block morphological complexity.The implemented framework was tested in an urban design practice.First,this study adapted the hierarchical structure and access structure theory to analyze the spatial form of target blocks.The characteristics of blocks case samples in Nanjing are extracted as text descriptions.Second,the relevant composition patterns and parameters were employed as features for classificati on and were converted into procedural rules.With the top-down control by rules and bottom-up generation by shape grammar in CityEngine,the texture of the block can be generated as close to the actual block as possible.Furthermore,in a real urban design case located in Nanjing,this work applies the method to construct a three-dimensional scene quickly and accurately.After integrating design factors such as an environment,transportation,and vision and summarizing the intentions of blocks and buildings in corresponding functions and control indexes,the initial generation plan was built by applying the obtained characteristics and procedural rules in specific shape grammar.Finally,designers can adjust the result in detail by employing real-time calculation and interactive operation.展开更多
In this paper,a new algorithm combining the features of bi-direction evolutionary structural optimization(BESO)and reinforcement learning(RL)is proposed for continuum structural topology optimization(STO).In contrast ...In this paper,a new algorithm combining the features of bi-direction evolutionary structural optimization(BESO)and reinforcement learning(RL)is proposed for continuum structural topology optimization(STO).In contrast to conventional approaches which only generate a certain quasi-optimal solution,the goal of the combined method is to provide more quasi-optimal solutions for designers such as the idea of generative design.Two key components were adopted.First,besides sensitivity,value function updated by Monte-Carlo reinforcement learning was utilized to measure the importance of each element,which made the solving process convergent and closer to the optimum.Second,ε-greedy policy added a random perturbation to the main search direction so as to extend the search ability.Finally,the quality and diversity of solutions could be guaranteed by controlling the value of compliance as well as Intersection-over-Union(IoU).Results of several 2D and 3D compliance minimization problems,including a geometrically nonlinear case,show that the combined method is capable of generating a group of good and different solutions that satisfy various possible requirements in engineering design within acceptable computation cost.展开更多
With rapid advances in design methods and structural analysis techniques,computational generative design strategies have been adopted more widely in the field of architecture and engineering.As a performance-based des...With rapid advances in design methods and structural analysis techniques,computational generative design strategies have been adopted more widely in the field of architecture and engineering.As a performance-based design technique to find out the most efficient structural form,topology optimization provides a powerful tool for designers to explore lightweight and elegant structures.Building on this background,this study proposes an innovative pedestrian bridge design,which covers the process from conceptualization to detailed design implementation.This pedestrian bridge,with a main span of 152 m,needs to meet some unique architectural requirements,while addressing multiple engineering challenges.Aiming to reduce the depth of the girder but still meeting the load-carrying capacity requirements,the superstructure of this bridge adopts a variable-depth spinal-shaped girder in the center of its deck,thus forming an elegant curving facade,from which one pathway cantilevers on either side.At one end of the bridge,given considerable elevation difference between the bridge deck and the ground,a two-level Fibonacci-type spiral-shaped bicycle ramp is provided.The superstructure is supported by a series of organic tree-shaped branching piers resulting from the topology optimization.The ingenious design for the elegant profile of the bicycle ramp generates an enjoyable and dynamic crossing experience,with scenic views in all directions.By virtue of technological innovation,the pedestrian bridge is expected to create an iconic,cost-effective,and low-maintenance solution.A brief overview of the theoretical background of the bi-directional evolutionary structure optimization(BESO)and the multi-material BESO approach is also offered in this paper,while the construction requirements and challenges,conceptual development process,form-finding strategy,detailed design,and construction method of the bridge are presented.展开更多
Recent research challenges in the wireless communication include the usage of diversity and efficient coding to improve data transmission quality and spectral efficiency. Space diversity uses multiple transmitting and...Recent research challenges in the wireless communication include the usage of diversity and efficient coding to improve data transmission quality and spectral efficiency. Space diversity uses multiple transmitting and/or receiving antennas to create independent fading channels without penalty in bandwidth efficiency. Space-time block coding is an encoding scheme for communication over Rayleigh fading channels using multiple transmitting antennas. Space-time block codes from complex orthogonal designs exist only for two transmitting antennas. This paper generalizes a new complex orthogonal space-time block code for four transmitting antennas, whose decoding complexity is very low. Simulations show that the generalized complex orthogonal space-time block code has low bit error rate, full rate and possibly large diversity.展开更多
Kinetic facades possess aesthetic expressiveness and environmental responsiveness,aligning with the principles of low-carbon architecture.Current kinetic facades primarily rely on three-dimensional movement,which are ...Kinetic facades possess aesthetic expressiveness and environmental responsiveness,aligning with the principles of low-carbon architecture.Current kinetic facades primarily rely on three-dimensional movement,which are characterized by complex structures and distributed drives,resulting in monotonous form,low robustness,and high costs.This paper focuses on the design of two-dimensional kinetic facades,proposing a hinged tessellation generation method based on the duality principle.First,the paper discusses the value and principles of applying dual graphs in HT,and then proposes a method of generating HT by adding hinged plates.Then,the operation process for different tessellation types is elaborated upon.Finally,a conceptual design is proposed to illustrate the potential of this method on kinetic facades.The method proposed in this paper is applicable to all uniform tessellations and Voronoi tessellations,capable of generating an infinite variety of planar expandable structures with small spatial thickness,simple structures,stable movements.Additionally,these structures can be driven to expand by a single driving point,enabling continuous adjustment in response to the requirement.It has significant application value in fields such as architectural and decorative design,structural design,mechanical design,industrial product and graphic design.展开更多
Automated floorplanning or space layout planning has been a long-standing NP-hard problem in the field of computer-aided design,with applications in integrated circuits,architecture,urbanism,and operational research.I...Automated floorplanning or space layout planning has been a long-standing NP-hard problem in the field of computer-aided design,with applications in integrated circuits,architecture,urbanism,and operational research.In this paper,we introduce GenFloor,an interactive design system that takes geometrical,topological,and performance goals and constraints as input and provides optimized spatial design solutions as output.As part of our work,we propose three novel permutation methods for existing space layout graph representations,namely O-Tree and B*-Tree representations.We implement our proposed floorplanning methods as a package for Dynamo,a visual programming tool,with a custom GUI and additional evaluation functionalities to facilitate designers in their generative design workflow.Furthermore,we illustrate the performance of GenFloor in two sets of case-study experiments for residential floorplanning tasks by(a)measuring the ability of the proposed system to find a known optimal solution,and(b)observing how the system can generate diverse floorplans while addressing given a constant residential design problem.Our results indicate that convergence to the global optimum is achieved while offering a diverse set of solutions of a residential floorplan corresponding to local optimums of the solution landscape.展开更多
A near generalized balanced tournament design, or an NGBTD(k,m) in short, is a (km+1,k,k-1)-BIBD defined on a (km+1)-set V . Its blocks can be arranged into an m×(km+1) array in such a way that (1) the blocks in ...A near generalized balanced tournament design, or an NGBTD(k,m) in short, is a (km+1,k,k-1)-BIBD defined on a (km+1)-set V . Its blocks can be arranged into an m×(km+1) array in such a way that (1) the blocks in every column of the array form a partial parallel class partitioning V\{x} for some point x, and (2) every element of V is contained in precise k cells of each row. In this paper, we completely solve the existence of NGBTD(4,m) and almost completely solve the existence of NGBTD(5,m) with four exceptions.展开更多
The design of universal segments and deviation control of segment assembly are essential for robust and low-risk tunnel construction.A building information modeling(BIM)-based framework was proposed for parametric mod...The design of universal segments and deviation control of segment assembly are essential for robust and low-risk tunnel construction.A building information modeling(BIM)-based framework was proposed for parametric modeling,automatic assembly,and deviation control of universal segments.First,segment models of different levels of detail(LoDs)were built based on BIM visual programming language(VPL)for different project life cycles.Then,the geometric constraints,requirements,and procedures for parametric segment assembly were distilled to develop a program that combines a novel typesetting algorithm with a 3D path replanning algorithm.Typesetting is implemented by introducing a point indication matrix,characterizing segments by sides,and manipulating geometries in a VPL.Simultaneously,3D path replanning,with non-uniform rational B-splines(NURBS)and arcs as basic shapes,was used to resolve unacceptable deviation situations after typesetting.Finally,the proposed framework was validated on a water diversion line and was found to be more effective and accurate than the previous method.展开更多
The use of architectural morphological analysis and generative design is an important strategy to interpret current designs and to propose novel ones.Conventional morphological features are defined based on qualitativ...The use of architectural morphological analysis and generative design is an important strategy to interpret current designs and to propose novel ones.Conventional morphological features are defined based on qualitative descriptions or manually selected indicators,which include subjective bias,thus limiting generalizability.The lack of public architectural morphological datasets also leads to setbacks in data-driven morphological analysis.This study proposed a new method for generating topology-based synthetic data via a rule-based system and for encoding morphological information to promote morphological classification via deep learning.A deep convolution network,LeNet,which was modified in the output layer,was trained with synthetic data,including five spatial prototypes(central,linear,radial,cluster,and grid).The performance of the proposed method was validated on 40 practical architectural layouts.Compared to the ground truth,the proposed method provided an encouraging accuracy of 97.5%(39/40).Interestingly,the most possible mistakes of the LeNet were also understandable according to the architects intuitive perception.The proposed method considered the statistical and overall characteristics of the training samples.This work demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the deep learning network trained with synthetic architectural patterns for morphological classification in practical architectural layouts.The findings of this work could serve as a basis for further morpho-topology studies and other social,building energy,and building structure studies related to spatial morphology.展开更多
文摘Chaoshan drawnwork handkerchief design exhibits self-similarity and fractal characteristics due to their grid-based structure,overall symmetry,and the way local motifs reflect the whole pattern.To explore the potential of fractals in traditional textile design,a fractal-based generative framework was proposed for efficiently creating drawnwork patterns suitable for practical handicraft production.The research was initiated with an analysis of the structural composition of center,skeleton,and filler motifs extracted from a pattern sample library.Based on this hierarchical classification,the box-counting method was employed to calculate their respective fractal dimensions.Building on fractal art theory,generative algorithms,and studies on the application of Ultra Fractal,a Chaoshan drawnwork fractal design model was established.Using this model,51 drawnwork fractal patterns and 153 handkerchief patterns were generated.These patterns were subsequently applied in real-world production to validate the feasibility and value of fractal techniques in textile design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51878436,51708397).
文摘In the past decade, the construction speed of high-rise office towers worldwide hasexhibited explosive growth. The unique morphological characteristics of high-rise office towersresult in higher shape factors and relatively larger thermal loads. The traditional workflow of“design-evaluation” in the early stages of design imposes constraints on the diversity of towermorphology, the timeliness of performance evaluation, and the efficient integration of systems. Therefore, targeting the geometric characteristics of high-rise office towers, a systematically developed and universally applicable design grammar, named “Vertex-Based PolygonalGenerative Grammar (VPGG)” is proposed. Additionally, a corresponding early-stage performance driven High-rise Office Tower Generative Design Framework (HOT_GDF) is introduced.Case study results demonstrate that, with the support of Artificial Neural Network, utilizingthis system can not only globally explore the diversity of tower morphologies but also efficiently uncover greater energy-saving potential in complex architectural forms compared tosimpler cubic forms, with an improvement of up to 7.76% during the early stages of design. Designed from the perspective of architects, the framework achieves logical, refined, and visualreal-time interaction between computers and human minds during the early stages of towerdesign. This enhances design efficiency and facilitates design decision-making. It systematically integrates considerations for environmental performance, such as thermal load and thermal comfort, into the design process. Furthermore, it couples various aspects of morphologicaldesign with corresponding building performance, helping users in making design decisions froma rational and quantifiable perspective. This captures greater design potential, encompassingboth form and performance, for high-rise office towers during the initial design phase.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12372221)is acknowledged.
文摘In this study,we introduce a deep generative model,named Multi-Species Generative Adversarial Network(MS-GAN),which is developed to extract the low-dimensional manifold of three-dimensional multi-species surfaces.In the development of MS-GAN,we extend the freeform deformation by incorporating principal component analysis to increase the non-linear deformation ability while maintaining geometric smoothness.The implicit information of multiple baselines is embedded in the feature extraction layers,to enhance the diversity and parameterization of multi-species dataset.Furthermore,Wasserstein GAN with a gradient penalty is used to ensure the stability and convergence of the training networks.Two experiments,ruled surfaces and propeller blade surfaces,are performed to demonstrate the advantages and superiorities of MS-GAN.
文摘In the last decade, parametric and generative design techniques become quite popular for form-finding strategies or for pushing automation in design processes. Nevertheless, these techniques could be applied in engineering processes as well in order to improve the effectiveness and the efficiency of manufacturing processes in BI （building industry）. Focusing on the case study of GLT （glued-laminated timber）, this paper shows the procedure of programming a parametric algorithm adopted by authors that pursues two specific design intents： reducing the usage of unneeded high-quality raw material and improving the efficiency of production processes by producing DF （digital fabrication） contents for standard production systems of GLT. According to different European and international standards, thanks to FEM （finite element model） simulations and curvature analysis, the algorithm allows saving at least 33% of high-quality raw material and, according to early first surveys on a standard production system, 30% of operation time among product engineering-processes.
文摘A new generalized modular design (GMD) method is proposed based on designpractice of frame structure of hydraulic press machines. By building a series of flexible modules(FMs), design knowledge and structure features are integrated into parametric models. Then,parametric design and variational analysis methods for GMD are presented according to user defineddesign objectives and customized product characteristics. A FM-centered GMD system is developed andsuccessfully used in the rapid design of relevant products.
基金This work is supported by a grant of National University of Singapore(RP 3972712)by partially National Science Foundation of
文摘This paper proposes a new kind of generalized Friendman's urn model,which with adaptive nonhomogeneous generating matrix.This model may be applied in sequential medical experiment.In this model some limit theorems (strong consistency and asymptot- ical normality) have been obtained.
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863Program)(No.2003AA517020)
文摘A kind of new design method for two-degree-of-freedom(2DOF)PID regulator was presented,in which,a new global search heuristic--improved generalized extremal optimization(GEO)algorithm is applied to the parameter optimization design of 2DOF PID regulator.The simulated results show that very good dynamic response performance of both command tracking and disturbance rejection characteristics can be achieved simultaneously.At the same time,the comparisons of simulation results with the improved GA,the basic GEO and the improved GEO were given.From the comparisons,it is shown that the improved GEO algorithm is competitive in performance with the GA and basic GEO and is an attractive tool to be used in the design of two-degree-of-freedom PID regulator.
文摘This study addresses the growing demand for personalized luxury yacht design by proposing an integrated evaluation framework combining the KANO model,Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),TOPSIS,and AI-based image generation.As consumer expectations in high-end marine vessels become increasingly sophisticated,there is a need for systematic methods to translate subjective preferences into optimal design solutions.The research first identified and categorized fourteen critical user requirements through the KANO model,then determined their relative importance weights using AHP.These weights were subsequently applied in a TOPSIS analysis to objectively evaluate three competing yacht design concepts.To enhance the design process,Stable Diffusion AI was employed to generate visual renderings based on textual descriptions of user needs,enabling rapid conceptual prototyping and emotional validation.Results demonstrated that this hybrid approach successfully quantified subjective preferences,with the top-ranked design achieving a 0.82 closeness coefficient in TOPSIS analysis while showing 23%higher user satisfaction in aesthetic appeal compared to conventional methods.The framework provides yacht designers with a novel tool that combines analytical decision-making with AI-enhanced visualization,significantly improving both the efficiency and user-centricity of the design process for luxury marine vessels.
基金funded by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX19_0090).
文摘To address the insufficient integration of performance evaluation and contextual analysis in traditional architectural design,this paper proposes a design workflow that combines data-driven and performance-driven approaches,establishing a comprehensive operational pathway from typology selection and design generation to performance assessment.Using Yanshen Ancient Town,a cold region,as the study area,the research evaluates 18 traditional courtyard types and 8 brick kiln courtyard types.Benchmark models are selected based on the combined performance of PET(Physiological Equivalent Temperature)and MRT(Mean Radiant Temperature)indices.Subsequently,multiple performance indicators,including indoor and outdoor thermal comfort,indoor illuminance,and building energy consumption,are integrated into the analysis.Using a genetic algorithm,Pareto optimal solutions that meet performance requirements are iteratively optimized and filtered.Based on the learning rates and various evaluation indicators,XGBoost is ultimately selected to classify and predict the overall building performance.Results indicate that the model achieves an average prediction accuracy of 83.6%.Additionally,SHAP analysis of the independent variables in the algorithm reveals distinct influencing trends under different performance labels.The workflow demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating performance prediction in the early design stage of village courtyards,significantly enhancing the efficiency of feedback and follow-up between design decision-making and performance evaluation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFB3309500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U24B6005,U22A6001)。
文摘To meet the extreme precision requirements of nanometer-scale semiconductor manufacturing and micrometer-level aerospace component processing,the complexity of precision manufacturing equipment design has exceeded the capabilities of traditional design methodologies.Conventional experience-driven design approaches exhibit fundamental limitations when confronting high-dimensional parameter spaces,complex multidisciplinary coupling effects,and dynamic performance prediction requirements,rendering trial-and-error iterative optimization processes inefficient and incapable of achieving optimal solutions.Intelligent design offers new pathways to overcome these limitations through the integration of artificial intelligence(AI)with traditional engineering workflows.However,the transition from theoretical concepts to manufacturing practice encounters three critical technical bottlenecks:the sparsity and heterogeneity of design data constrain the development of domain-specific large models,hallucination phenomena in generative design compromise solution trustworthiness,and numerical simulation methods face fundamental trade-offs between computational accuracy and efficiency.This paper conducts comprehensive analysis of the underlying causes of these challenges and proposes a knowledge-generation-simulation integrated intelligent design ecosystem as a development pathway.This approach achieves deep integration of large models with manufacturing domain knowledge,seamless fusion of AI with Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Engineering(CAD/CAE)systems,and comprehensive synthesis of physics-based mechanisms with data-driven methods,driving the evolution of intelligent design from human-dominated iterative processes toward autonomous collaborative innovation systems,thereby providing robust support for technological breakthroughs in precision and extreme manufacturing equipment while facilitating the intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry.
基金This work was supported by national funds through Fundacao para a Ciencia-a Tecnologia(FCT)with references UID/CEC/50021/2019 and PTDC/ART-DAQ/31061/2017by the PhD grants under contract of FCT with references SFRH/BD/128628/2017 and SFRH/BD/98658/2013,and by the PhD grant under contract of University of Lisbon(UL),Instituto Superior Tecnico(IST)and the research unit Investigacao-Inovacao em Engenharia Civil para a Sustentabilidade(CERIS).
文摘Computation-based approaches in design have emerged in the last decades and rapidly became popular among architects and other designers.Design professionals and researchers adopted different terminologies to address these approaches.However,some terms are used ambiguously and inconsistently,and different terms are commonly used to express the same concept.This paper discusses computational design(CD)and proposes an improved and sound taxonomy for a set of key CD terms,namely,parametric,generative,and algorithmic design,based on an extensive literature review from which different definitions by various authors were collected,analyzed,and compared.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51778118。
文摘The significant challenges that urban design faces when moving forward into this new digital era involve the increasingly massive and complex projects that must be analyzed and developed.The need for efficient analysis tools and rational design methods represent ongoing concerns,while practicable and maneuverable applications rather than experimental studies are scarce.This research implemented a framework of digital description and generative grammar of block form from the perspective of block morphological complexity.The implemented framework was tested in an urban design practice.First,this study adapted the hierarchical structure and access structure theory to analyze the spatial form of target blocks.The characteristics of blocks case samples in Nanjing are extracted as text descriptions.Second,the relevant composition patterns and parameters were employed as features for classificati on and were converted into procedural rules.With the top-down control by rules and bottom-up generation by shape grammar in CityEngine,the texture of the block can be generated as close to the actual block as possible.Furthermore,in a real urban design case located in Nanjing,this work applies the method to construct a three-dimensional scene quickly and accurately.After integrating design factors such as an environment,transportation,and vision and summarizing the intentions of blocks and buildings in corresponding functions and control indexes,the initial generation plan was built by applying the obtained characteristics and procedural rules in specific shape grammar.Finally,designers can adjust the result in detail by employing real-time calculation and interactive operation.
文摘In this paper,a new algorithm combining the features of bi-direction evolutionary structural optimization(BESO)and reinforcement learning(RL)is proposed for continuum structural topology optimization(STO).In contrast to conventional approaches which only generate a certain quasi-optimal solution,the goal of the combined method is to provide more quasi-optimal solutions for designers such as the idea of generative design.Two key components were adopted.First,besides sensitivity,value function updated by Monte-Carlo reinforcement learning was utilized to measure the importance of each element,which made the solving process convergent and closer to the optimum.Second,ε-greedy policy added a random perturbation to the main search direction so as to extend the search ability.Finally,the quality and diversity of solutions could be guaranteed by controlling the value of compliance as well as Intersection-over-Union(IoU).Results of several 2D and 3D compliance minimization problems,including a geometrically nonlinear case,show that the combined method is capable of generating a group of good and different solutions that satisfy various possible requirements in engineering design within acceptable computation cost.
基金supported by the Technological Innovation and Construction Science and Technology Project of Chongqing City(cstc2022-1-5-3)the Australian Research Council(FL190100014,DP200102190).
文摘With rapid advances in design methods and structural analysis techniques,computational generative design strategies have been adopted more widely in the field of architecture and engineering.As a performance-based design technique to find out the most efficient structural form,topology optimization provides a powerful tool for designers to explore lightweight and elegant structures.Building on this background,this study proposes an innovative pedestrian bridge design,which covers the process from conceptualization to detailed design implementation.This pedestrian bridge,with a main span of 152 m,needs to meet some unique architectural requirements,while addressing multiple engineering challenges.Aiming to reduce the depth of the girder but still meeting the load-carrying capacity requirements,the superstructure of this bridge adopts a variable-depth spinal-shaped girder in the center of its deck,thus forming an elegant curving facade,from which one pathway cantilevers on either side.At one end of the bridge,given considerable elevation difference between the bridge deck and the ground,a two-level Fibonacci-type spiral-shaped bicycle ramp is provided.The superstructure is supported by a series of organic tree-shaped branching piers resulting from the topology optimization.The ingenious design for the elegant profile of the bicycle ramp generates an enjoyable and dynamic crossing experience,with scenic views in all directions.By virtue of technological innovation,the pedestrian bridge is expected to create an iconic,cost-effective,and low-maintenance solution.A brief overview of the theoretical background of the bi-directional evolutionary structure optimization(BESO)and the multi-material BESO approach is also offered in this paper,while the construction requirements and challenges,conceptual development process,form-finding strategy,detailed design,and construction method of the bridge are presented.
文摘Recent research challenges in the wireless communication include the usage of diversity and efficient coding to improve data transmission quality and spectral efficiency. Space diversity uses multiple transmitting and/or receiving antennas to create independent fading channels without penalty in bandwidth efficiency. Space-time block coding is an encoding scheme for communication over Rayleigh fading channels using multiple transmitting antennas. Space-time block codes from complex orthogonal designs exist only for two transmitting antennas. This paper generalizes a new complex orthogonal space-time block code for four transmitting antennas, whose decoding complexity is very low. Simulations show that the generalized complex orthogonal space-time block code has low bit error rate, full rate and possibly large diversity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52378043)。
文摘Kinetic facades possess aesthetic expressiveness and environmental responsiveness,aligning with the principles of low-carbon architecture.Current kinetic facades primarily rely on three-dimensional movement,which are characterized by complex structures and distributed drives,resulting in monotonous form,low robustness,and high costs.This paper focuses on the design of two-dimensional kinetic facades,proposing a hinged tessellation generation method based on the duality principle.First,the paper discusses the value and principles of applying dual graphs in HT,and then proposes a method of generating HT by adding hinged plates.Then,the operation process for different tessellation types is elaborated upon.Finally,a conceptual design is proposed to illustrate the potential of this method on kinetic facades.The method proposed in this paper is applicable to all uniform tessellations and Voronoi tessellations,capable of generating an infinite variety of planar expandable structures with small spatial thickness,simple structures,stable movements.Additionally,these structures can be driven to expand by a single driving point,enabling continuous adjustment in response to the requirement.It has significant application value in fields such as architectural and decorative design,structural design,mechanical design,industrial product and graphic design.
文摘Automated floorplanning or space layout planning has been a long-standing NP-hard problem in the field of computer-aided design,with applications in integrated circuits,architecture,urbanism,and operational research.In this paper,we introduce GenFloor,an interactive design system that takes geometrical,topological,and performance goals and constraints as input and provides optimized spatial design solutions as output.As part of our work,we propose three novel permutation methods for existing space layout graph representations,namely O-Tree and B*-Tree representations.We implement our proposed floorplanning methods as a package for Dynamo,a visual programming tool,with a custom GUI and additional evaluation functionalities to facilitate designers in their generative design workflow.Furthermore,we illustrate the performance of GenFloor in two sets of case-study experiments for residential floorplanning tasks by(a)measuring the ability of the proposed system to find a known optimal solution,and(b)observing how the system can generate diverse floorplans while addressing given a constant residential design problem.Our results indicate that convergence to the global optimum is achieved while offering a diverse set of solutions of a residential floorplan corresponding to local optimums of the solution landscape.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10771051,10831002)
文摘A near generalized balanced tournament design, or an NGBTD(k,m) in short, is a (km+1,k,k-1)-BIBD defined on a (km+1)-set V . Its blocks can be arranged into an m×(km+1) array in such a way that (1) the blocks in every column of the array form a partial parallel class partitioning V\{x} for some point x, and (2) every element of V is contained in precise k cells of each row. In this paper, we completely solve the existence of NGBTD(4,m) and almost completely solve the existence of NGBTD(5,m) with four exceptions.
文摘The design of universal segments and deviation control of segment assembly are essential for robust and low-risk tunnel construction.A building information modeling(BIM)-based framework was proposed for parametric modeling,automatic assembly,and deviation control of universal segments.First,segment models of different levels of detail(LoDs)were built based on BIM visual programming language(VPL)for different project life cycles.Then,the geometric constraints,requirements,and procedures for parametric segment assembly were distilled to develop a program that combines a novel typesetting algorithm with a 3D path replanning algorithm.Typesetting is implemented by introducing a point indication matrix,characterizing segments by sides,and manipulating geometries in a VPL.Simultaneously,3D path replanning,with non-uniform rational B-splines(NURBS)and arcs as basic shapes,was used to resolve unacceptable deviation situations after typesetting.Finally,the proposed framework was validated on a water diversion line and was found to be more effective and accurate than the previous method.
基金This research was funded by National Key REtD Program of China(2017YFC0702302 in 2017YFC0702300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.51978139)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Postgraduate Research Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Project No.KYCX20_0110).
文摘The use of architectural morphological analysis and generative design is an important strategy to interpret current designs and to propose novel ones.Conventional morphological features are defined based on qualitative descriptions or manually selected indicators,which include subjective bias,thus limiting generalizability.The lack of public architectural morphological datasets also leads to setbacks in data-driven morphological analysis.This study proposed a new method for generating topology-based synthetic data via a rule-based system and for encoding morphological information to promote morphological classification via deep learning.A deep convolution network,LeNet,which was modified in the output layer,was trained with synthetic data,including five spatial prototypes(central,linear,radial,cluster,and grid).The performance of the proposed method was validated on 40 practical architectural layouts.Compared to the ground truth,the proposed method provided an encouraging accuracy of 97.5%(39/40).Interestingly,the most possible mistakes of the LeNet were also understandable according to the architects intuitive perception.The proposed method considered the statistical and overall characteristics of the training samples.This work demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the deep learning network trained with synthetic architectural patterns for morphological classification in practical architectural layouts.The findings of this work could serve as a basis for further morpho-topology studies and other social,building energy,and building structure studies related to spatial morphology.
