AIM:To build a functional generalized estimating equation(GEE)model to detect glaucomatous visual field progression and compare the performance of the proposed method with that of commonly employed algorithms.METHODS:...AIM:To build a functional generalized estimating equation(GEE)model to detect glaucomatous visual field progression and compare the performance of the proposed method with that of commonly employed algorithms.METHODS:Totally 716 eyes of 716 patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with at least 5 reliable 24-2 test results and 2y of follow-up were selected.The functional GEE model was used to detect perimetric progression in the training dataset(501 eyes).In the testing dataset(215 eyes),progression was evaluated the functional GEE model,mean deviation(MD)and visual field index(VFI)rates of change,Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study(AGIS)and Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study(CIGTS)scores,and pointwise linear regression(PLR).RESULTS:The proposed method showed the highest proportion of eyes detected as progression(54.4%),followed by the VFI rate(34.4%),PLR(23.3%),and MD rate(21.4%).The CIGTS and AGIS scores had a lower proportion of eyes detected as progression(7.9%and 5.1%,respectively).The time to detection of progression was significantly shorter for the proposed method than that of other algorithms(adjusted P≤0.019).The VFI rate displayed moderate pairwise agreement with the proposed method(k=0.47).CONCLUSION:The functional GEE model shows the highest proportion of eyes detected as perimetric progression and the shortest time to detect perimetric progression in patients with POAG.展开更多
Based on the generalized reduced R-matrix theory,the R-matrix analysis code(RAC program)was used to analyze the experimental data of all the nuclear reaction channels related to the 5 He system.The current calculation...Based on the generalized reduced R-matrix theory,the R-matrix analysis code(RAC program)was used to analyze the experimental data of all the nuclear reaction channels related to the 5 He system.The current calculations provide accurate and reliable evaluation data and are in good agreement with the experimental data.In this study,self-consistent evaluation data for each reaction were obtained using multi-channel and multi-energy fitting.In particular,the error propagation theory of generalized least squares was used to determine the error of the evaluation data and the covariance matrix of the integral cross section.This R-matrix analysis for the 5 He system has three features.First,for the first time,the error in the evaluation data of the T(d,n)^(4)He reaction cross section and the covariance matrix of the integral cross section are provided.Second,we used only one set of R-matrix parameters to depict the reaction cross section of each reaction channel of the 5 He system for the entire energy region in our work.Third,in this evaluation,we considered some of the latest measured experimental data,especially after 2000.The T(d,n)^(4)He reaction cross section at 0.1 MeV and below was carefully studied.The effect of different energy levels in T(d,n)^(4)He was analyzed,with the energy levels 3/2^(+)making a major contribution to the cross section,and the role of the S-wave and P-wave from 3/2~-determines the lean forward trend of the angular distributions at 0.01–0.1 MeV.展开更多
针对地图综合中建筑多边形化简方法依赖人工规则、自动化程度低且难以利用已有化简成果的问题,本文提出了一种基于Transformer机制的建筑多边形化简模型。该模型首先把建筑多边形映射至一定范围的网格空间,将建筑多边形的坐标串表达为...针对地图综合中建筑多边形化简方法依赖人工规则、自动化程度低且难以利用已有化简成果的问题,本文提出了一种基于Transformer机制的建筑多边形化简模型。该模型首先把建筑多边形映射至一定范围的网格空间,将建筑多边形的坐标串表达为网格序列,从而获取建筑多边形化简前后的Token序列,构建出建筑多边形化简样本对数据;随后采用Transformer架构建立模型,基于样本数据利用模型的掩码自注意力机制学习点序列之间的依赖关系,最终逐点生成新的简化多边形,从而实现建筑多边形的化简。在训练过程中,模型使用结构化的样本数据,设计了忽略特定索引的交叉熵损失函数以提升化简质量。试验设计包括主试验与泛化验证两部分。主试验基于洛杉矶1∶2000建筑数据集,分别采用0.2、0.3和0.5 mm 3种网格尺寸对多边形进行编码,实现了目标比例尺为1∶5000与1∶10000的化简。试验结果表明,在0.3 mm的网格尺寸下模型性能最优,验证集上的化简结果与人工标注的一致率超过92.0%,且针对北京部分区域的建筑多边形数据的泛化试验验证了模型的迁移能力;与LSTM模型的对比分析显示,在参数规模相近的条件下,LSTM模型无法形成有效收敛,并生成可用结果。本文证实了Transformer在处理空间几何序列任务中的潜力,且能够有效复用已有化简样本,为智能建筑多边形化简提供了具有工程实用价值的途径。展开更多
目的系统评价环泊酚用于全身麻醉/深度镇静的效果与安全性。方法通过计算机系统,全面检索万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Cochrane、Embase、Web of Science等数据库,检索时间从建库至2024年...目的系统评价环泊酚用于全身麻醉/深度镇静的效果与安全性。方法通过计算机系统,全面检索万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Cochrane、Embase、Web of Science等数据库,检索时间从建库至2024年1月。严格筛选以环泊酚为干预组、丙泊酚为对照组用于全身麻醉/深度镇静的随机对照试验文献。根据明确的纳入标准、排除标准及文献质量评价,对筛选出的文献进行细致分析。采用Revman 5.4软件进行综合的Meta分析。结果共纳入文献31篇,涉及患者4580例。Meta分析结果显示,干预组与对照组麻醉诱导成功时间比较差异无统计学意义[MD=2.62,95%CI(-4.35,9.60),P=0.46],干预组麻醉苏醒时间较对照组长[MD=0.44,95%CI(0.08,0.81),P=0.02];干预组患者及麻醉科医师满意度评分较对照组高[MD=1.10,95%CI(0.15,2.05),P=0.02;MD=0.78,95%CI(0.13,1.43),P=0.02],干预组与对照组内镜医师满意度比较差异无统计学意义[MD=0.40,95%CI(-0.28,1.07),P=0.25];干预组麻醉诱导前后血氧饱和度、平均动脉压差值较对照组小[MD=0.75,95%CI(0.03,1.47),P=0.04;MD=3.90,95%CI(2.33,5.47),P<0.00001],干预组与对照组麻醉诱导前后脑电双频指数与心率差值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预组不良反应总发生率及低血压、注射痛、低氧血症发生率较对照组低[OR=0.37,95%CI(0.22,0.64),P=0.0003;OR=0.54,95%CI(0.41,0.71),P<0.0001;OR=0.07,95%CI(0.04,0.11),P<0.00001;OR=0.48,95%CI(0.36,0.65),P<0.00001],干预组与对照组心动过缓、高血压、恶心呕吐发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论全身麻醉/深度镇静中环泊酚的麻醉效果与丙泊酚相当,且安全性优于丙泊酚。展开更多
基金Supported by the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI),funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(No.HR20C0026)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(No.RS-2023-00247504)the Patient-Centered Clinical Research Coordinating Center,funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(No.HC19C0276).
文摘AIM:To build a functional generalized estimating equation(GEE)model to detect glaucomatous visual field progression and compare the performance of the proposed method with that of commonly employed algorithms.METHODS:Totally 716 eyes of 716 patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with at least 5 reliable 24-2 test results and 2y of follow-up were selected.The functional GEE model was used to detect perimetric progression in the training dataset(501 eyes).In the testing dataset(215 eyes),progression was evaluated the functional GEE model,mean deviation(MD)and visual field index(VFI)rates of change,Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study(AGIS)and Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study(CIGTS)scores,and pointwise linear regression(PLR).RESULTS:The proposed method showed the highest proportion of eyes detected as progression(54.4%),followed by the VFI rate(34.4%),PLR(23.3%),and MD rate(21.4%).The CIGTS and AGIS scores had a lower proportion of eyes detected as progression(7.9%and 5.1%,respectively).The time to detection of progression was significantly shorter for the proposed method than that of other algorithms(adjusted P≤0.019).The VFI rate displayed moderate pairwise agreement with the proposed method(k=0.47).CONCLUSION:The functional GEE model shows the highest proportion of eyes detected as perimetric progression and the shortest time to detect perimetric progression in patients with POAG.
基金supported by Science Challenge Project(No.TZ20180001)。
文摘Based on the generalized reduced R-matrix theory,the R-matrix analysis code(RAC program)was used to analyze the experimental data of all the nuclear reaction channels related to the 5 He system.The current calculations provide accurate and reliable evaluation data and are in good agreement with the experimental data.In this study,self-consistent evaluation data for each reaction were obtained using multi-channel and multi-energy fitting.In particular,the error propagation theory of generalized least squares was used to determine the error of the evaluation data and the covariance matrix of the integral cross section.This R-matrix analysis for the 5 He system has three features.First,for the first time,the error in the evaluation data of the T(d,n)^(4)He reaction cross section and the covariance matrix of the integral cross section are provided.Second,we used only one set of R-matrix parameters to depict the reaction cross section of each reaction channel of the 5 He system for the entire energy region in our work.Third,in this evaluation,we considered some of the latest measured experimental data,especially after 2000.The T(d,n)^(4)He reaction cross section at 0.1 MeV and below was carefully studied.The effect of different energy levels in T(d,n)^(4)He was analyzed,with the energy levels 3/2^(+)making a major contribution to the cross section,and the role of the S-wave and P-wave from 3/2~-determines the lean forward trend of the angular distributions at 0.01–0.1 MeV.
文摘针对地图综合中建筑多边形化简方法依赖人工规则、自动化程度低且难以利用已有化简成果的问题,本文提出了一种基于Transformer机制的建筑多边形化简模型。该模型首先把建筑多边形映射至一定范围的网格空间,将建筑多边形的坐标串表达为网格序列,从而获取建筑多边形化简前后的Token序列,构建出建筑多边形化简样本对数据;随后采用Transformer架构建立模型,基于样本数据利用模型的掩码自注意力机制学习点序列之间的依赖关系,最终逐点生成新的简化多边形,从而实现建筑多边形的化简。在训练过程中,模型使用结构化的样本数据,设计了忽略特定索引的交叉熵损失函数以提升化简质量。试验设计包括主试验与泛化验证两部分。主试验基于洛杉矶1∶2000建筑数据集,分别采用0.2、0.3和0.5 mm 3种网格尺寸对多边形进行编码,实现了目标比例尺为1∶5000与1∶10000的化简。试验结果表明,在0.3 mm的网格尺寸下模型性能最优,验证集上的化简结果与人工标注的一致率超过92.0%,且针对北京部分区域的建筑多边形数据的泛化试验验证了模型的迁移能力;与LSTM模型的对比分析显示,在参数规模相近的条件下,LSTM模型无法形成有效收敛,并生成可用结果。本文证实了Transformer在处理空间几何序列任务中的潜力,且能够有效复用已有化简样本,为智能建筑多边形化简提供了具有工程实用价值的途径。
文摘目的系统评价环泊酚用于全身麻醉/深度镇静的效果与安全性。方法通过计算机系统,全面检索万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Cochrane、Embase、Web of Science等数据库,检索时间从建库至2024年1月。严格筛选以环泊酚为干预组、丙泊酚为对照组用于全身麻醉/深度镇静的随机对照试验文献。根据明确的纳入标准、排除标准及文献质量评价,对筛选出的文献进行细致分析。采用Revman 5.4软件进行综合的Meta分析。结果共纳入文献31篇,涉及患者4580例。Meta分析结果显示,干预组与对照组麻醉诱导成功时间比较差异无统计学意义[MD=2.62,95%CI(-4.35,9.60),P=0.46],干预组麻醉苏醒时间较对照组长[MD=0.44,95%CI(0.08,0.81),P=0.02];干预组患者及麻醉科医师满意度评分较对照组高[MD=1.10,95%CI(0.15,2.05),P=0.02;MD=0.78,95%CI(0.13,1.43),P=0.02],干预组与对照组内镜医师满意度比较差异无统计学意义[MD=0.40,95%CI(-0.28,1.07),P=0.25];干预组麻醉诱导前后血氧饱和度、平均动脉压差值较对照组小[MD=0.75,95%CI(0.03,1.47),P=0.04;MD=3.90,95%CI(2.33,5.47),P<0.00001],干预组与对照组麻醉诱导前后脑电双频指数与心率差值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预组不良反应总发生率及低血压、注射痛、低氧血症发生率较对照组低[OR=0.37,95%CI(0.22,0.64),P=0.0003;OR=0.54,95%CI(0.41,0.71),P<0.0001;OR=0.07,95%CI(0.04,0.11),P<0.00001;OR=0.48,95%CI(0.36,0.65),P<0.00001],干预组与对照组心动过缓、高血压、恶心呕吐发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论全身麻醉/深度镇静中环泊酚的麻醉效果与丙泊酚相当,且安全性优于丙泊酚。
