Electrochemical water splitting represents one of the most promising technologies to produce green hydrogen,which can help to realize the goal of achieving carbon neutrality.While substantial efforts on a laboratory s...Electrochemical water splitting represents one of the most promising technologies to produce green hydrogen,which can help to realize the goal of achieving carbon neutrality.While substantial efforts on a laboratory scale have been made for understanding fundamental catalysis and developing high-performance electrocatalysts for the two half-reactions involved in water electrocatalysis,much less attention has been paid to doing relevant research on a larger scale.For example,few such researches have been done on an industrial scale.Herein,we review the very recent endeavors to bridge the gaps between fundamental research and industrial applications for water electrolysis.We begin by introducing the fundamentals of electrochemical water splitting and then present comparisons of testing protocol,figure of merit,catalyst of interest,and manufacturing cost for laboratory and industry-based water-electrolysis research.Special attention is paid to tracking the surface reconstruction process and identifying real catalytic species under different testing conditions,which highlight the significant distinctions of corresponding electrochemical reconstruction mechanisms.Advances in catalyst designs for industry-relevant water electrolysis are also summarized,which reveal the progress of moving the practical applications forward and accelerating synergies between material science and engineering.Perspectives and challenges of electrocatalyst design strategies are proposed finally to further bridge the gaps between lab-scale research and large-scale electrocatalysis applications.展开更多
We previously prepared nerve growth factor poly-lactide co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres to treat rat sciatic nerve injury using the small gap sleeve technique.Multiple growth factors play a synergistic role...We previously prepared nerve growth factor poly-lactide co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres to treat rat sciatic nerve injury using the small gap sleeve technique.Multiple growth factors play a synergistic role in promoting the repair of peripheral nerve injury;as a result,in this study,we added basic fibroblast growth factors to the microspheres to further promote nerve regeneration.First,in an in vitro biomimetic microenvironment,we developed and used a drug screening biomimetic microfluidic chip to screen the optimal combination of nerve growth factor/basic fibroblast growth factor to promote the regeneration of Schwann cells.We found that 22.56 ng/mL nerve growth factor combined with 4.29 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor exhibited optimal effects on the proliferation of primary rat Schwann cells.The successfully prepared nerve growth factor-basic fibroblast growth factor-poly-lactide-co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres were used to treat rat sciatic nerve transection injury using the small gap sleeve bridge technique.Compared with epithelium sutures and small gap sleeve bridging alone,the small gap sleeve bridging technique combined with drug-free sustained-release microspheres has a stronger effect on rat sciatic nerve transfection injury repair at the structural and functional level.展开更多
Incidence and consequences of spinal cord injuries： World- wide, every year 250,000-500,000 people suffer from spinal cord injury （SCI; www.who.int, 2013）. Traumatic lesions of the spinal cord lead to primary and s...Incidence and consequences of spinal cord injuries： World- wide, every year 250,000-500,000 people suffer from spinal cord injury （SCI; www.who.int, 2013）. Traumatic lesions of the spinal cord lead to primary and secondary injury mechanisms, which result in axon damage, loss of signal conduction, demyelination of axons and long-lasting deficits in motor and sensory func- tion. The extent of the damage and the subsequent functional loss depend on the spinal level and the severity of the primary injury. Furthermore, pathophysiological and pathomorpholog- ical responses in acute and chronic SCI share similar but also different requirements for treatment.展开更多
It is inevitable for Chinese students to come across ＂education shock＂ when they go to study in the UK because of the skill gaps. After a brief interpretation of ＂education shock＂ and detailed analysis of college ...It is inevitable for Chinese students to come across ＂education shock＂ when they go to study in the UK because of the skill gaps. After a brief interpretation of ＂education shock＂ and detailed analysis of college students＇ skill gaps of language learning in the UK, this paper puts forward some ways of bridging the gaps from both the teachers and institutions in the UK and in China, so the study in the UK will be more successful and enjoyable.展开更多
Information plays various roles for supporting human activity.Its basic role is to describe objects in the world.Form of representation is first decided,then method of its processing can be defined on its basis.Thus a...Information plays various roles for supporting human activity.Its basic role is to describe objects in the world.Form of representation is first decided,then method of its processing can be defined on its basis.Thus an information processing paradigm is defined.As human activity gets more and more complicated,information also becomes more and more sophisticated.Form of representation and processing method become the more complicated.展开更多
VERMILION wooden doors, gray brick walls and exquisitely carved marble items. The elements typical of traditional upper-class Chinese architecture have been replicated in the Courtyards on Canal Bank, a luxury residen...VERMILION wooden doors, gray brick walls and exquisitely carved marble items. The elements typical of traditional upper-class Chinese architecture have been replicated in the Courtyards on Canal Bank, a luxury residential area in Beijing, to reflect the wealth and status of its property owners.展开更多
As one of the foundations for the legitimacy of the United Nations, the universal human rights system derives from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights （here- after, ＂Declaration＂）. After World War II, the in...As one of the foundations for the legitimacy of the United Nations, the universal human rights system derives from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights （here- after, ＂Declaration＂）. After World War II, the international community formulated the Declaration, the most important international human rights legal document, under the direction of the United Nations, based on reflections on brutal aggressive wars and large-scale violations of human rights.展开更多
The ITM 2026 International Textile Machinery Exhibition is set to take place in Istanbul/Turkey from June 9–13,2026,serving as a vital meeting point for textile technology manufacturers and investors worldwide.Levera...The ITM 2026 International Textile Machinery Exhibition is set to take place in Istanbul/Turkey from June 9–13,2026,serving as a vital meeting point for textile technology manufacturers and investors worldwide.Leveraging Istanbul's strategic location and accessibility,the event aims to bridge gaps in the global textile industry,particularly for professionals from regions facing barriers to attending European trade fairs.展开更多
Global ecological agriculture is undergoing a significant transition from loosely defined and varied practices toward a coherent,sustainable develop-ment model with clearly established quality standards.This shift is ...Global ecological agriculture is undergoing a significant transition from loosely defined and varied practices toward a coherent,sustainable develop-ment model with clearly established quality standards.This shift is notably influ-enced by international frameworks such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,the European Green Deal,and China’s Green and Low Car-bon Development Strategy.To better align agricultural research with practical application during this transitional phase,this paper highlights three core areas requiring detailed consideration and dialogue:the functionalization of ecological agricultural products,the intelligent management of agricultural processes,and bridging persistent gaps between agricultural research and market demands,as illustrated in Figure 1.展开更多
Malatang. which literally means being numb, spicy and heated in the Chinese language, is a variety of street food adored by many Chinese. As the reputation of Chinese food continues to spread worldwide, malatang is ga...Malatang. which literally means being numb, spicy and heated in the Chinese language, is a variety of street food adored by many Chinese. As the reputation of Chinese food continues to spread worldwide, malatang is gaining popularity among foreign epicures.展开更多
Unearthed dinosaur fossils shed Iight on the evolutionary process chinese and foreign experts confirmed recently Zhucheng in east China’s Shandong Province contains the biggest collection of dinosaur fossils
RAISING children is a wordless book, its every page immersed with parents’ love. Young parents read it every day but find it more and more difficult to understand. China’s book of today’s children, entitled, The On...RAISING children is a wordless book, its every page immersed with parents’ love. Young parents read it every day but find it more and more difficult to understand. China’s book of today’s children, entitled, The One-Child Family, is indeed hard to understand.展开更多
The brittleness of traditional ceramics severely limits their application progress in engineering.The multiscale structural design of organisms can solve this problem,but it still lacks sufficient research and attenti...The brittleness of traditional ceramics severely limits their application progress in engineering.The multiscale structural design of organisms can solve this problem,but it still lacks sufficient research and attention.The underlined main feature is the multiscale hierarchical structures composed of basic nano-microstructure units arranged in order,which is currently impossible to achieve through artificial synthesis driven by high temperatures.This perspective aims to bridge the gap between biostructural materials and biomimetic ceramics,highlighting the relationship between bioinspired structures and interfacial interaction of structure densification in biomimetic ceramics.Therefore,we could accomplish densification and ceramic development at room temperature,consequently correlating the structure,properties,and functions of materials and accelerating the development of the next generation of advanced functional ceramics.展开更多
In a study published recently in Nature,Sass,Ma,and colleagues describe the neurokinin 2 receptor(NK2R),a G protein-coupled receptor(GPCR),as a novel regulator of food intake as well as energy expenditure,and develop ...In a study published recently in Nature,Sass,Ma,and colleagues describe the neurokinin 2 receptor(NK2R),a G protein-coupled receptor(GPCR),as a novel regulator of food intake as well as energy expenditure,and develop and characterize selective agonists that effectively activate NK2R to promote weight loss.Most interestingly,the authors bridge the gap between rodents and primates,raising hopes for novel treatment options.1 Although obesity cases are continuously rising,thereby contributing to major health problems,long-term effective treatment options are still limited.However,it is well established that GPCRs and their pathways are involved in the regulation of different processes controlling appetite,food intake,or energy homeostasis.Thus,several receptors expressed in neurons governing food intake have been proposed to be promising targets for body weight reduction.However,currently the only GPCR agonists approved for obesity treatment are targeting incretin receptors(receptors for glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP1R),glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide(GIP),glucagon(GCGR))(Fig.1).展开更多
Hereditary disorders often present remarkable genetic and clinical heterogeneities,but bridging the gap between pathogenic mutation and clinical consequences remains challenging.One plausible explanation is the presen...Hereditary disorders often present remarkable genetic and clinical heterogeneities,but bridging the gap between pathogenic mutation and clinical consequences remains challenging.One plausible explanation is the presence of second-hit modifier mutations,which could create additional genetic complexity to contribute to clinical heterogeneities.展开更多
Artificial skins are essential for bridging sensory gaps between robots and environments,enabling natural and intuitive interactions.While artificial skins can sense stimuli like pressure and stretchability,their capa...Artificial skins are essential for bridging sensory gaps between robots and environments,enabling natural and intuitive interactions.While artificial skins can sense stimuli like pressure and stretchability,their capabilities need to be expanded into chemical sensing for specific applications.Here,we introduce optical/electronic artificial skins(oe-skins),advancing robotic sensing from physical perception to chemical sensation.Our design integrates optical fibers into a carbon nanotube(CNT)-based haptic electronic skin.This empowers the skin to sense force and temperature,while detecting near-infrared(NIR)optical signals from molecules,giving dual modalities of physical and chemical sensing.We successfully implement the oe-skin into robots,enabling intraocular pressure and glucose level detection for diagnosing glaucoma and diabetes.Additionally,we demonstrated their effectiveness in delicately harvesting fruits and grading them by ripeness,firmness,and sugar levels.We present a blueprint for next-generation intelligent electronics where technological progress aligns with sustainable development and societal well-being.展开更多
基金supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)supported by National R&D Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),grant number 2021M3H4A1A01079300the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Core Research Program funded by the Korea Research Council for Industrial Science and Technology,grant number KS2222-10.
文摘Electrochemical water splitting represents one of the most promising technologies to produce green hydrogen,which can help to realize the goal of achieving carbon neutrality.While substantial efforts on a laboratory scale have been made for understanding fundamental catalysis and developing high-performance electrocatalysts for the two half-reactions involved in water electrocatalysis,much less attention has been paid to doing relevant research on a larger scale.For example,few such researches have been done on an industrial scale.Herein,we review the very recent endeavors to bridge the gaps between fundamental research and industrial applications for water electrolysis.We begin by introducing the fundamentals of electrochemical water splitting and then present comparisons of testing protocol,figure of merit,catalyst of interest,and manufacturing cost for laboratory and industry-based water-electrolysis research.Special attention is paid to tracking the surface reconstruction process and identifying real catalytic species under different testing conditions,which highlight the significant distinctions of corresponding electrochemical reconstruction mechanisms.Advances in catalyst designs for industry-relevant water electrolysis are also summarized,which reveal the progress of moving the practical applications forward and accelerating synergies between material science and engineering.Perspectives and challenges of electrocatalyst design strategies are proposed finally to further bridge the gaps between lab-scale research and large-scale electrocatalysis applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2016YFC1101603 (to DYZ)the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 31640045 (to YHW), 81901251 (to ML)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing of China, No. 7204323 (to ML)
文摘We previously prepared nerve growth factor poly-lactide co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres to treat rat sciatic nerve injury using the small gap sleeve technique.Multiple growth factors play a synergistic role in promoting the repair of peripheral nerve injury;as a result,in this study,we added basic fibroblast growth factors to the microspheres to further promote nerve regeneration.First,in an in vitro biomimetic microenvironment,we developed and used a drug screening biomimetic microfluidic chip to screen the optimal combination of nerve growth factor/basic fibroblast growth factor to promote the regeneration of Schwann cells.We found that 22.56 ng/mL nerve growth factor combined with 4.29 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor exhibited optimal effects on the proliferation of primary rat Schwann cells.The successfully prepared nerve growth factor-basic fibroblast growth factor-poly-lactide-co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres were used to treat rat sciatic nerve transection injury using the small gap sleeve bridge technique.Compared with epithelium sutures and small gap sleeve bridging alone,the small gap sleeve bridging technique combined with drug-free sustained-release microspheres has a stronger effect on rat sciatic nerve transfection injury repair at the structural and functional level.
基金funded by the DGUV(Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung)BMBF(German Federal Ministry for Education and Research)+1 种基金DSQ(German Paraplegia Foundation)Manchot Foundation and Research Commission of the Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf
文摘Incidence and consequences of spinal cord injuries： World- wide, every year 250,000-500,000 people suffer from spinal cord injury （SCI; www.who.int, 2013）. Traumatic lesions of the spinal cord lead to primary and secondary injury mechanisms, which result in axon damage, loss of signal conduction, demyelination of axons and long-lasting deficits in motor and sensory func- tion. The extent of the damage and the subsequent functional loss depend on the spinal level and the severity of the primary injury. Furthermore, pathophysiological and pathomorpholog- ical responses in acute and chronic SCI share similar but also different requirements for treatment.
文摘It is inevitable for Chinese students to come across ＂education shock＂ when they go to study in the UK because of the skill gaps. After a brief interpretation of ＂education shock＂ and detailed analysis of college students＇ skill gaps of language learning in the UK, this paper puts forward some ways of bridging the gaps from both the teachers and institutions in the UK and in China, so the study in the UK will be more successful and enjoyable.
文摘Information plays various roles for supporting human activity.Its basic role is to describe objects in the world.Form of representation is first decided,then method of its processing can be defined on its basis.Thus an information processing paradigm is defined.As human activity gets more and more complicated,information also becomes more and more sophisticated.Form of representation and processing method become the more complicated.
文摘VERMILION wooden doors, gray brick walls and exquisitely carved marble items. The elements typical of traditional upper-class Chinese architecture have been replicated in the Courtyards on Canal Bank, a luxury residential area in Beijing, to reflect the wealth and status of its property owners.
文摘As one of the foundations for the legitimacy of the United Nations, the universal human rights system derives from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights （here- after, ＂Declaration＂）. After World War II, the international community formulated the Declaration, the most important international human rights legal document, under the direction of the United Nations, based on reflections on brutal aggressive wars and large-scale violations of human rights.
文摘The ITM 2026 International Textile Machinery Exhibition is set to take place in Istanbul/Turkey from June 9–13,2026,serving as a vital meeting point for textile technology manufacturers and investors worldwide.Leveraging Istanbul's strategic location and accessibility,the event aims to bridge gaps in the global textile industry,particularly for professionals from regions facing barriers to attending European trade fairs.
基金supported by the Hunan Provincial Major Basic Research Project(2024JC0007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32330098,32472943)+2 种基金the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD040430103)the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding of China(2004DA125184F2301)the Changsha Science and Technology Plan Natural Science Foundation(kq2402188).
文摘Global ecological agriculture is undergoing a significant transition from loosely defined and varied practices toward a coherent,sustainable develop-ment model with clearly established quality standards.This shift is notably influ-enced by international frameworks such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,the European Green Deal,and China’s Green and Low Car-bon Development Strategy.To better align agricultural research with practical application during this transitional phase,this paper highlights three core areas requiring detailed consideration and dialogue:the functionalization of ecological agricultural products,the intelligent management of agricultural processes,and bridging persistent gaps between agricultural research and market demands,as illustrated in Figure 1.
文摘Malatang. which literally means being numb, spicy and heated in the Chinese language, is a variety of street food adored by many Chinese. As the reputation of Chinese food continues to spread worldwide, malatang is gaining popularity among foreign epicures.
文摘Unearthed dinosaur fossils shed Iight on the evolutionary process chinese and foreign experts confirmed recently Zhucheng in east China’s Shandong Province contains the biggest collection of dinosaur fossils
文摘RAISING children is a wordless book, its every page immersed with parents’ love. Young parents read it every day but find it more and more difficult to understand. China’s book of today’s children, entitled, The One-Child Family, is indeed hard to understand.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52302081)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2024NSFSC1007)+1 种基金supported by the Open Fund of Hubei Longzhong Laboratory(No.2024KF-21)the financial support from the Tianfu Emei Plan of Sichuan Province(No.2680).
文摘The brittleness of traditional ceramics severely limits their application progress in engineering.The multiscale structural design of organisms can solve this problem,but it still lacks sufficient research and attention.The underlined main feature is the multiscale hierarchical structures composed of basic nano-microstructure units arranged in order,which is currently impossible to achieve through artificial synthesis driven by high temperatures.This perspective aims to bridge the gap between biostructural materials and biomimetic ceramics,highlighting the relationship between bioinspired structures and interfacial interaction of structure densification in biomimetic ceramics.Therefore,we could accomplish densification and ceramic development at room temperature,consequently correlating the structure,properties,and functions of materials and accelerating the development of the next generation of advanced functional ceramics.
基金supported by the German Diabetes Association(DDG)(D.T.)the German Research Foundation(DFG)in CRC1423/2(project number 421152132,C04(S.P.)).
文摘In a study published recently in Nature,Sass,Ma,and colleagues describe the neurokinin 2 receptor(NK2R),a G protein-coupled receptor(GPCR),as a novel regulator of food intake as well as energy expenditure,and develop and characterize selective agonists that effectively activate NK2R to promote weight loss.Most interestingly,the authors bridge the gap between rodents and primates,raising hopes for novel treatment options.1 Although obesity cases are continuously rising,thereby contributing to major health problems,long-term effective treatment options are still limited.However,it is well established that GPCRs and their pathways are involved in the regulation of different processes controlling appetite,food intake,or energy homeostasis.Thus,several receptors expressed in neurons governing food intake have been proposed to be promising targets for body weight reduction.However,currently the only GPCR agonists approved for obesity treatment are targeting incretin receptors(receptors for glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP1R),glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide(GIP),glucagon(GCGR))(Fig.1).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32070690 to X.G.)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2020JM-412 to X.G.).
文摘Hereditary disorders often present remarkable genetic and clinical heterogeneities,but bridging the gap between pathogenic mutation and clinical consequences remains challenging.One plausible explanation is the presence of second-hit modifier mutations,which could create additional genetic complexity to contribute to clinical heterogeneities.
基金supported by the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20A2019)the Natural Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFD2000900)+2 种基金the Major Science and Technology Special Projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A02011-1)the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022D01E48)supported by the CREATE Lab of EPFL.
文摘Artificial skins are essential for bridging sensory gaps between robots and environments,enabling natural and intuitive interactions.While artificial skins can sense stimuli like pressure and stretchability,their capabilities need to be expanded into chemical sensing for specific applications.Here,we introduce optical/electronic artificial skins(oe-skins),advancing robotic sensing from physical perception to chemical sensation.Our design integrates optical fibers into a carbon nanotube(CNT)-based haptic electronic skin.This empowers the skin to sense force and temperature,while detecting near-infrared(NIR)optical signals from molecules,giving dual modalities of physical and chemical sensing.We successfully implement the oe-skin into robots,enabling intraocular pressure and glucose level detection for diagnosing glaucoma and diabetes.Additionally,we demonstrated their effectiveness in delicately harvesting fruits and grading them by ripeness,firmness,and sugar levels.We present a blueprint for next-generation intelligent electronics where technological progress aligns with sustainable development and societal well-being.
