A new approach for studying the time-evolution law of a chaotic light field in a damping-gaining coexisting process is presented. The new differential equation for determining the parameter of the density operator p（...A new approach for studying the time-evolution law of a chaotic light field in a damping-gaining coexisting process is presented. The new differential equation for determining the parameter of the density operator p（t） is derived and the solution of f for the damping and gaining processes are studied separately. Our approach is direct and the result is concise since it is not necessary for us to know the Kraus operators in advance.展开更多
According to Bloomberg on March 18,corn imports by China,the world’s second-largest consumer,may surge sevenfold to a record 28 million metric tons by 2015-2016 as local production fails to keep pace with increased
Alongside China’s rapid economic growth after the adoption of the reform and opening-up policy,urbanization has progressed fairly quickly. Since 1998 in particular the urbanization drive has been accelerating.What is...Alongside China’s rapid economic growth after the adoption of the reform and opening-up policy,urbanization has progressed fairly quickly. Since 1998 in particular the urbanization drive has been accelerating.What is the current status of China’s urbanization drive?In this article Cui Ruchun consults an enormous range of statistics to analyze China’s current urbanization level,urban economic development,infrastructure construction,environment construction, developments in science,technology and education,as well as the living standard of urban residents.展开更多
Russian is proactively tapping into the Chinese food market and China is importing more Russian food.According to statistics from customs,the Sino-Russian trade volume hit$64.2billion in the year of 2015,down 27.8%,an...Russian is proactively tapping into the Chinese food market and China is importing more Russian food.According to statistics from customs,the Sino-Russian trade volume hit$64.2billion in the year of 2015,down 27.8%,and Russia’s exports to China stood at$31.4 billion,down by 19.1%.'It is difficult for Russian companies to nudge into the展开更多
Status quo and future trends of 2015children’s publications released by the Shanghai Press and Publication shows that in the past decade,the domestic children’s book market is developing rapidly with an average annu...Status quo and future trends of 2015children’s publications released by the Shanghai Press and Publication shows that in the past decade,the domestic children’s book market is developing rapidly with an average annual growth of 10%.Children’s books are seeing an increasing ratio with a market share of over 40%.展开更多
Domestic toothpastes forced to retreat The stories of domestic toothpastes are not as good as soda water. Due to the strength of domestic drinks in recent years, soda water are regaining power. Two Cola brands made ot...Domestic toothpastes forced to retreat The stories of domestic toothpastes are not as good as soda water. Due to the strength of domestic drinks in recent years, soda water are regaining power. Two Cola brands made other drinks lose grounds in the market. Nowadays, the latest domestic drinks keep emerging and the competition in the market is getting fierce.展开更多
AFRICA is much closer to China than people think. There is a little bit of Africa in Songzhuang, a town in suburban Beijing＇s Tongzhou District, where the African Art Village came up last year. The sprawling 1.3-hect...AFRICA is much closer to China than people think. There is a little bit of Africa in Songzhuang, a town in suburban Beijing＇s Tongzhou District, where the African Art Village came up last year. The sprawling 1.3-hectare project showcases an eclectic collection of African art - Makonde sculptures from Tanzania, copper plate etchings from Zambia, masks from Malawi, and much more.展开更多
THE upcoming G20 Summit is not just an occasion for world leaders and top entrepreneurs to come together and discuss the trends and solutions for global economic development. The residents of Mantoushan Community of S...THE upcoming G20 Summit is not just an occasion for world leaders and top entrepreneurs to come together and discuss the trends and solutions for global economic development. The residents of Mantoushan Community of Shangcheng District in Hangzhou. host city of the summit to be held on Sep- tember 4-5, have also been reaping the benefits from the summit＇s preparations.展开更多
AFTER the revised regulation on domestic waste classification came into force in Beijing on May 1 this year,waste sorting has gained renewed public attention.In previous months,similar regulations were introduced in m...AFTER the revised regulation on domestic waste classification came into force in Beijing on May 1 this year,waste sorting has gained renewed public attention.In previous months,similar regulations were introduced in many cities across China,making the practice widespread.To help citizens adapt to and accept the new rules,local authorities have come up with creative methods to help citizens classify waste properly and understand the benefits of doing so.展开更多
In the analysis of correlated data, it is ideal to capture the true dependence structure to increase effciency of the estimation. However, for multivariate survival data, this is extremely
The survival analysis literature has always lagged behind the categorical data literature in developing methods to analyze clustered or multivariate data. While estimators based on
In this study,with the aim of achieving a high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)in an electron-bombarded complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(EBCMOS)imaging chip,we analyzed the sources of noise using principles from low-...In this study,with the aim of achieving a high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)in an electron-bombarded complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(EBCMOS)imaging chip,we analyzed the sources of noise using principles from low-light-level imaging and semiconductor theory,and established a physical computational model that relates the electron-multiplication layer to the noise characteristics of an EBCMOS chip in a uniformly doped structure with a P-type substrate.We conducted theoretical calculations to analyze the effects on noise characteristics of the passivation layer material and thickness,P-substrate doping concentration,P-substrate thickness,incident electron energy,and substrate temperature.By comparing the characteristics of pixel noise,dark current,multiplication electron numbers,and SNR under various structures,we simulated optimized structural parameters of the device.Our simulation results showed that the noise characteristics of the device could be optimized using an Al_(2)O_(3)passivation thickness of 15 nm and substrate temperature of 260 K,and by decreasing the doping concentration and thickness of the P-type substrate and increasing the incident electron energy.The optimized SNR were 252 e/e.And the substantial impact of dark current noise,primarily governed by interfacial defects,on the overall noise characteristics of the device.This research offers theoretical support to develop EBCMOS imaging chips with high gain and SNR.展开更多
We thank all the discussants for their interesting and stimulating contributions. They have touched various aspects that have not been considered by the original articles.
In this study,the design,analysis,manufacturing,and testing of a 3D-printed conformal microstrip array antenna for high-temperature environments is presented.3D printing technology is used to fabricate a curved cerami...In this study,the design,analysis,manufacturing,and testing of a 3D-printed conformal microstrip array antenna for high-temperature environments is presented.3D printing technology is used to fabricate a curved ceramic substrate,and laser sintering and microdroplet spraying processes are used to add the conductive metal on the curved substrate.The problems of gain loss,bandwidth reduction,and frequency shift caused by high temperatures are addressed by using a proper antenna design,with parasitic patches,slots,and metal resonant cavities.The antenna prototype is characterized by the curved substrates and the conductive metals for the power dividers,the patch,and the ground plane;its performance is examined up to a temperature of 600℃in a muffle furnace and compared with the results from the numerical analysis.The results show that the antenna can effectively function at 600℃and even higher temperatures.展开更多
Promoting the development of new energy autos has become a focal point in China’s green movement A national technical standard for electric vehicles (EVs) may be set by year’s end,
The recent hike in China’s IMF quota means its international voice will increase Finance ministers and central bank governors from the Group of 20(G20) major economies agreed on October 23 to shift more than 6 percen...The recent hike in China’s IMF quota means its international voice will increase Finance ministers and central bank governors from the Group of 20(G20) major economies agreed on October 23 to shift more than 6 percent of展开更多
In recent years,the automotive industry has witnessed a significant surge in the production and adoption of new-cncrgy vehicles(NEVs).As the world transitions toward a greener future,NEVs have gained prominence due to...In recent years,the automotive industry has witnessed a significant surge in the production and adoption of new-cncrgy vehicles(NEVs).As the world transitions toward a greener future,NEVs have gained prominence due to their reduced carbon foot-print and increased energy efficiency.NEV sales were strong internationally in 2022,despite the gloomy overall trend in the auto market.'This year,they are expected to account for 18 percent of the world's to-tal vehicle sales.Market share growth has slowed slightly compared with 2021,but NEVs will comprise almost one third of the global market in 2027 as more models are developed and produced and emission con-trols get tougher.展开更多
Data collected in fields such as cybersecurity and biomedicine often encounter high dimensionality and class imbalance.To address the problem of low classification accuracy for minority class samples arising from nume...Data collected in fields such as cybersecurity and biomedicine often encounter high dimensionality and class imbalance.To address the problem of low classification accuracy for minority class samples arising from numerous irrelevant and redundant features in high-dimensional imbalanced data,we proposed a novel feature selection method named AMF-SGSK based on adaptive multi-filter and subspace-based gaining sharing knowledge.Firstly,the balanced dataset was obtained by random under-sampling.Secondly,combining the feature importance score with the AUC score for each filter method,we proposed a concept called feature hardness to judge the importance of feature,which could adaptively select the essential features.Finally,the optimal feature subset was obtained by gaining sharing knowledge in multiple subspaces.This approach effectively achieved dimensionality reduction for high-dimensional imbalanced data.The experiment results on 30 benchmark imbalanced datasets showed that AMF-SGSK performed better than other eight commonly used algorithms including BGWO and IG-SSO in terms of F1-score,AUC,and G-mean.The mean values of F1-score,AUC,and Gmean for AMF-SGSK are 0.950,0.967,and 0.965,respectively,achieving the highest among all algorithms.And the mean value of Gmean is higher than those of IG-PSO,ReliefF-GWO,and BGOA by 3.72%,11.12%,and 20.06%,respectively.Furthermore,the selected feature ratio is below 0.01 across the selected ten datasets,further demonstrating the proposed method’s overall superiority over competing approaches.AMF-SGSK could adaptively remove irrelevant and redundant features and effectively improve the classification accuracy of high-dimensional imbalanced data,providing scientific and technological references for practical applications.展开更多
Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating glia.In the central nervous system,this role is taken u...Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating glia.In the central nervous system,this role is taken up by oligodendrocytes.Oligodendrocytes are marked by the expression of the lineage determinants Sox10 and Olig2 and arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)during embryonal stages.While the majority of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when nearby axonal segments require myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs persist as a progenitor pool.Therefore,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be precisely regulated.Different transcription factors either positively or negatively affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene regulatory network(reviewed in Sock and Wegner,2021).Network activity is additionally influenced by extracellular signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the oligodendroglial cell surface and activate intracellular signaling pathways.How the receptors are linked to the network is poorly understood so far,but pivotal to understanding the overall regulation of central nervous system(CNS)myelination in response to environmental cues.Relevant insights were recently gained for Gpr37(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)with known relevance in differentiating oligodendrocytes(Yang et al,2016).展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61141007,11047133,and 11175113)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China (Grant Nos. 2010GQS0080 and 2010GQW0027)+1 种基金the Research Foundation of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province of China (Grant No. GJJ11339)the Sponsored Program for Cultivating Youths of Outstanding Ability in Jiangxi Normal University
文摘A new approach for studying the time-evolution law of a chaotic light field in a damping-gaining coexisting process is presented. The new differential equation for determining the parameter of the density operator p（t） is derived and the solution of f for the damping and gaining processes are studied separately. Our approach is direct and the result is concise since it is not necessary for us to know the Kraus operators in advance.
文摘According to Bloomberg on March 18,corn imports by China,the world’s second-largest consumer,may surge sevenfold to a record 28 million metric tons by 2015-2016 as local production fails to keep pace with increased
文摘Alongside China’s rapid economic growth after the adoption of the reform and opening-up policy,urbanization has progressed fairly quickly. Since 1998 in particular the urbanization drive has been accelerating.What is the current status of China’s urbanization drive?In this article Cui Ruchun consults an enormous range of statistics to analyze China’s current urbanization level,urban economic development,infrastructure construction,environment construction, developments in science,technology and education,as well as the living standard of urban residents.
文摘Russian is proactively tapping into the Chinese food market and China is importing more Russian food.According to statistics from customs,the Sino-Russian trade volume hit$64.2billion in the year of 2015,down 27.8%,and Russia’s exports to China stood at$31.4 billion,down by 19.1%.'It is difficult for Russian companies to nudge into the
文摘Status quo and future trends of 2015children’s publications released by the Shanghai Press and Publication shows that in the past decade,the domestic children’s book market is developing rapidly with an average annual growth of 10%.Children’s books are seeing an increasing ratio with a market share of over 40%.
文摘Domestic toothpastes forced to retreat The stories of domestic toothpastes are not as good as soda water. Due to the strength of domestic drinks in recent years, soda water are regaining power. Two Cola brands made other drinks lose grounds in the market. Nowadays, the latest domestic drinks keep emerging and the competition in the market is getting fierce.
文摘AFRICA is much closer to China than people think. There is a little bit of Africa in Songzhuang, a town in suburban Beijing＇s Tongzhou District, where the African Art Village came up last year. The sprawling 1.3-hectare project showcases an eclectic collection of African art - Makonde sculptures from Tanzania, copper plate etchings from Zambia, masks from Malawi, and much more.
文摘THE upcoming G20 Summit is not just an occasion for world leaders and top entrepreneurs to come together and discuss the trends and solutions for global economic development. The residents of Mantoushan Community of Shangcheng District in Hangzhou. host city of the summit to be held on Sep- tember 4-5, have also been reaping the benefits from the summit＇s preparations.
文摘AFTER the revised regulation on domestic waste classification came into force in Beijing on May 1 this year,waste sorting has gained renewed public attention.In previous months,similar regulations were introduced in many cities across China,making the practice widespread.To help citizens adapt to and accept the new rules,local authorities have come up with creative methods to help citizens classify waste properly and understand the benefits of doing so.
文摘In the analysis of correlated data, it is ideal to capture the true dependence structure to increase effciency of the estimation. However, for multivariate survival data, this is extremely
文摘The survival analysis literature has always lagged behind the categorical data literature in developing methods to analyze clustered or multivariate data. While estimators based on
文摘In this study,with the aim of achieving a high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)in an electron-bombarded complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(EBCMOS)imaging chip,we analyzed the sources of noise using principles from low-light-level imaging and semiconductor theory,and established a physical computational model that relates the electron-multiplication layer to the noise characteristics of an EBCMOS chip in a uniformly doped structure with a P-type substrate.We conducted theoretical calculations to analyze the effects on noise characteristics of the passivation layer material and thickness,P-substrate doping concentration,P-substrate thickness,incident electron energy,and substrate temperature.By comparing the characteristics of pixel noise,dark current,multiplication electron numbers,and SNR under various structures,we simulated optimized structural parameters of the device.Our simulation results showed that the noise characteristics of the device could be optimized using an Al_(2)O_(3)passivation thickness of 15 nm and substrate temperature of 260 K,and by decreasing the doping concentration and thickness of the P-type substrate and increasing the incident electron energy.The optimized SNR were 252 e/e.And the substantial impact of dark current noise,primarily governed by interfacial defects,on the overall noise characteristics of the device.This research offers theoretical support to develop EBCMOS imaging chips with high gain and SNR.
文摘We thank all the discussants for their interesting and stimulating contributions. They have touched various aspects that have not been considered by the original articles.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of china(No.U2241205)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2022JC-33,2023-GHZD-35,and 2024JC-ZDXM-25)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe National 111 Project to provide fund for conducting experiments。
文摘In this study,the design,analysis,manufacturing,and testing of a 3D-printed conformal microstrip array antenna for high-temperature environments is presented.3D printing technology is used to fabricate a curved ceramic substrate,and laser sintering and microdroplet spraying processes are used to add the conductive metal on the curved substrate.The problems of gain loss,bandwidth reduction,and frequency shift caused by high temperatures are addressed by using a proper antenna design,with parasitic patches,slots,and metal resonant cavities.The antenna prototype is characterized by the curved substrates and the conductive metals for the power dividers,the patch,and the ground plane;its performance is examined up to a temperature of 600℃in a muffle furnace and compared with the results from the numerical analysis.The results show that the antenna can effectively function at 600℃and even higher temperatures.
文摘Promoting the development of new energy autos has become a focal point in China’s green movement A national technical standard for electric vehicles (EVs) may be set by year’s end,
文摘The recent hike in China’s IMF quota means its international voice will increase Finance ministers and central bank governors from the Group of 20(G20) major economies agreed on October 23 to shift more than 6 percent of
文摘In recent years,the automotive industry has witnessed a significant surge in the production and adoption of new-cncrgy vehicles(NEVs).As the world transitions toward a greener future,NEVs have gained prominence due to their reduced carbon foot-print and increased energy efficiency.NEV sales were strong internationally in 2022,despite the gloomy overall trend in the auto market.'This year,they are expected to account for 18 percent of the world's to-tal vehicle sales.Market share growth has slowed slightly compared with 2021,but NEVs will comprise almost one third of the global market in 2027 as more models are developed and produced and emission con-trols get tougher.
基金supported by Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(Nos.202203021211088,202403021212254,202403021221109)Graduate Research Innovation Project in Shanxi Province(No.2024KY616).
文摘Data collected in fields such as cybersecurity and biomedicine often encounter high dimensionality and class imbalance.To address the problem of low classification accuracy for minority class samples arising from numerous irrelevant and redundant features in high-dimensional imbalanced data,we proposed a novel feature selection method named AMF-SGSK based on adaptive multi-filter and subspace-based gaining sharing knowledge.Firstly,the balanced dataset was obtained by random under-sampling.Secondly,combining the feature importance score with the AUC score for each filter method,we proposed a concept called feature hardness to judge the importance of feature,which could adaptively select the essential features.Finally,the optimal feature subset was obtained by gaining sharing knowledge in multiple subspaces.This approach effectively achieved dimensionality reduction for high-dimensional imbalanced data.The experiment results on 30 benchmark imbalanced datasets showed that AMF-SGSK performed better than other eight commonly used algorithms including BGWO and IG-SSO in terms of F1-score,AUC,and G-mean.The mean values of F1-score,AUC,and Gmean for AMF-SGSK are 0.950,0.967,and 0.965,respectively,achieving the highest among all algorithms.And the mean value of Gmean is higher than those of IG-PSO,ReliefF-GWO,and BGOA by 3.72%,11.12%,and 20.06%,respectively.Furthermore,the selected feature ratio is below 0.01 across the selected ten datasets,further demonstrating the proposed method’s overall superiority over competing approaches.AMF-SGSK could adaptively remove irrelevant and redundant features and effectively improve the classification accuracy of high-dimensional imbalanced data,providing scientific and technological references for practical applications.
基金supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to MW。
文摘Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating glia.In the central nervous system,this role is taken up by oligodendrocytes.Oligodendrocytes are marked by the expression of the lineage determinants Sox10 and Olig2 and arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)during embryonal stages.While the majority of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when nearby axonal segments require myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs persist as a progenitor pool.Therefore,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be precisely regulated.Different transcription factors either positively or negatively affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene regulatory network(reviewed in Sock and Wegner,2021).Network activity is additionally influenced by extracellular signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the oligodendroglial cell surface and activate intracellular signaling pathways.How the receptors are linked to the network is poorly understood so far,but pivotal to understanding the overall regulation of central nervous system(CNS)myelination in response to environmental cues.Relevant insights were recently gained for Gpr37(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)with known relevance in differentiating oligodendrocytes(Yang et al,2016).
