模拟研究京津冀地区地表土壤热通量,对该区域的干旱监测、生态系统功能评估、气候变化模拟及农作物估产具有重要参考意义.基于京津冀地区怀来站和馆陶站2个站点每10 min的自动气象站数据(四分量辐射、地表辐射温度、土壤热通量、多层土...模拟研究京津冀地区地表土壤热通量,对该区域的干旱监测、生态系统功能评估、气候变化模拟及农作物估产具有重要参考意义.基于京津冀地区怀来站和馆陶站2个站点每10 min的自动气象站数据(四分量辐射、地表辐射温度、土壤热通量、多层土壤水分和土壤温度),通过昼夜分开调整G_(0)_SEBS模型,构建了适用于京津冀地区的新模型G_(0)_SEBSadj.利用GLASS和GLDAS区域数据驱动G_(0)_SEBSadj模型,定量模拟了京津冀地区2010-2020年较高精度的地表土壤热通量(G_(0)),分析得出该区域近11 a G_(0)的时空变化特征.2010-2020年,京津冀地区G_(0)波动上升,这可能与全球气候变暖趋势密切相关;空间上,京津冀地区西北区域年均G_(0)较高,而太行山等海拔较高区域年均G_(0)较低,这可能与海拔地形影响相关.研究得出了京津冀地区2010-2020年地表土壤热通量的区域数据,揭示了该地区G_(0)的时空分布特征,为区域蒸散发及相关研究提供了数据支持及参考.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the notion of G_(C)-X-injective modules,where X denotes a class of left S-modules and C represents a faithfully semidualizing bimodule.Under the condition that X satisfies certain hypotheses...In this paper,we introduce the notion of G_(C)-X-injective modules,where X denotes a class of left S-modules and C represents a faithfully semidualizing bimodule.Under the condition that X satisfies certain hypotheses,some properties and some equivalent characterizations of G_(C)-X-injective modules are investigated,and we also show that the triple(■,cores■,■)is a weak co-AB-context.As an application,two complete cotorsion pairs and a new model structure in Mod S are given.展开更多
The soft actuator is characterized by high safety,flexibility,and adaptability.It is capable of both active and passive defor-mations.This paper presents a discrete degree of freedom(DOF)method for soft actuators to r...The soft actuator is characterized by high safety,flexibility,and adaptability.It is capable of both active and passive defor-mations.This paper presents a discrete degree of freedom(DOF)method for soft actuators to reveal DOF characteristics.The method draws on the superposition mechanism of the deformation characteristics of the sarcomere in the skeletal muscles of living organisms.Firstly,the multi-DOF deformation characteristics of the soft actuator are discretized into superimposed combinations of single-DOF micro-units.Then,the soft actuator was determined to contain deformation characteristics such as extension-contraction,bending,and twisting.Eighteen types of micro-units with basic deforma-tion characteristics were obtained depending on the axis and orientation.Further,the mapping relationship between the combination of micro-units and the motion characteristics of the soft actuator based on the GF set theory was established.Finally,an active-passive DOF co-structured soft actuator(APCSA)was developed.The graphical approach analyzes the experimental results,and it can be concluded that active and passive DOFs can coexist in the composite deformation of the soft actuator.展开更多
The prevalence of high blood pressure is on the rise among younger individuals,and recent findings have linked exercise to changes in the diversity and configuration of gut microbiota.However,specific modifications to...The prevalence of high blood pressure is on the rise among younger individuals,and recent findings have linked exercise to changes in the diversity and configuration of gut microbiota.However,specific modifications to one's diet,such as incorporating blueberries while engaging in physical activity,can also influence this association.To explore the effects of exercise and blueberry consumption on gut bacteria,we conducted an 8-week study involving healthy and hypertensive college students.Our microbiome analysis revealed slight shifts in gut bacteria composition in response to increased physical activity,with significant changes in the diversity of the g_[Eubacterium]_eligens_group observed in hypertensive college students who regularly consumed blueberries.Although exercise and blueberry supplementation had a negligible impact on the gut microbiota diversity of healthy college students,it significantly boosted the production of butyric acid bacteria in hypertensive young adults.These results suggest that the changes in gut bacteria variety and abundance brought about by blueberries may be tied to alterations in the body composition of patients with hypertension.This study aims to reveal the impact of blueberry on the hypertensive students from a unique perspective,suggesting the impact of taking blueberry while taking exercises.展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates.Chinese agarwood comprises the resin-containing wood of Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg.,traditionally utilized for treating asthma,cardiac ischem...Gastric cancer(GC)is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates.Chinese agarwood comprises the resin-containing wood of Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg.,traditionally utilized for treating asthma,cardiac ischemia,and tumors.However,comprehensive research regarding its anti-GC effects and underlying mechanisms remains limited.In this study,Chinese agarwood petroleum ether extract(CAPEE)demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against human GC cells,with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values for AGS,HGC27,and MGC803 cells of 2.89,2.46,and 2.37μg·mL^(−1),respectively,at 48 h.CAPEE significantly induced apoptosis in these GC cells,with B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)associated X protein(BAX)/BCL-2 antagonist killer 1(BAK)likely mediating CAPEE-induced apoptosis.Furthermore,CAPEE induced G_(0)/G_(1)phase cell cycle arrest in human GC cells via activation of the deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)damage-p21-cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4(CDK4)signaling axis,and increased Fe^(2+),lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,thereby inducing ferroptosis.Ribonucleic acid(RNA)sequencing,real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),and Western blotting analyses revealed CAPEE-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in human GC cells.RNA interference studies demonstrated that HO-1 knockdown reduced CAPEE sensitivity and inhibited CAPEE-induced ferroptosis in human GC cells.Additionally,CAPEE administration exhibited robust in vivo anti-GC activity without significant toxicity in nude mice while inhibiting tumor cell growth and promoting apoptosis in tumor tissues.These findings indicate that CAPEE suppresses human GC cell growth through upregulation of the DNA damage-p21-cyclin D1/CDK4 signaling axis and HO-1-mediated ferroptosis,suggesting its potential as a candidate drug for GC treatment.展开更多
The mechanism of plant response to water availability is a crucial research area in ecosystem adaptation to dry environments.Global change in precipitation patterns exacerbates drought risks in many regions,necessitat...The mechanism of plant response to water availability is a crucial research area in ecosystem adaptation to dry environments.Global change in precipitation patterns exacerbates drought risks in many regions,necessitating investigations of tree responses to drought.However,compared with seasonal drought events,how water use characteristics respond to long-term rainfall reduction remains poorly characterized.Here,we assessed the effects of multi-year rainfall exclusion treatments(in the 4th and 5th years)on sap flow,canopy conductance(G_(C)),and the response pattern to varying transpiration driving force(vapor pressure deficit(VPD))and soil moisture conditions in a black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)plantation in the China's Loess Plateau.The experimental platform includes paired plots of a 30%throughfall exclusion treatment and a control within the plantation.The reduction of soil water content(SWC),either as temporal variations or as a result of rainfall exclusion treatment,generally lowered sap flow,G_(C),and the sensitivity to VPD.The difference in each index between plots was substantially greater than that among temporal variations in SWC within a plot.The trees in the control plot showed strong responses of G_(C)to temporal SWC changes,exhibiting an isohydric behavior.However,those subjected to long-term rainfall exclusion treatment had lower variations in G_(C)and the sensitivity across different SWC,exhibiting an anisohydric behavior under limited water conditions.Additionally,rainfall exclusion treatment decreased basal area(BA)increment but increased water use efficiency(WUE).The transition to anisohydric behavior suggests an adventurous pattern of water use strategy that has risks of hydraulic damage and shoot mortality.These findings provide insights into the different adaptation strategies within a species to diverse intensity and duration of drought conditions,which is crucial for sustainable forest management under climate change conditions.展开更多
In this paper,the authors prove that the parameterized area integralμ_(Ω,S)^(ρ)and the parameterized Littlewood-Paley g_(δ)^(*)-functionμ_(Ω,δ)^(*,ρ)are bounded on two-weight grand homogeneous variable Herz-Mo...In this paper,the authors prove that the parameterized area integralμ_(Ω,S)^(ρ)and the parameterized Littlewood-Paley g_(δ)^(*)-functionμ_(Ω,δ)^(*,ρ)are bounded on two-weight grand homogeneous variable Herz-Morrey spaces MK_(p),θ,q(·))^(α(·),λ)(ω_(1),ω_(2)),where θ>0,λ∈(2,∞),q(·)∈B(R^(n)),α(·)∈L^(∞)(R^(n)),ω_(1)∈A_(p_(ω_(1)))for p_(ω_(1))∈[1,∞]and ω_(2) is a weight.Furthermore,the authors prove that the commutators[b,μ_(Ω,S)^(ρ)]which is formed by b∈BMO(R^(n))and the μ_(Ω,S)^(ρ),and the[b,μ_(Ω,δ)^(*,ρ)]generated by b∈BMO(R^(n))and theμ_(Ω,δ)^(*,ρ)are bounded on MK_(p),θ,q(·))^(α(·),λ)(ω_(1),ω_(2)),respectively.展开更多
Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides (ABPS), water_soluble polysaccharides, isolated from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata Bl. of Amaranthaceae family, was divided into four parts, named as Con.1, Con.2, Con....Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides (ABPS), water_soluble polysaccharides, isolated from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata Bl. of Amaranthaceae family, was divided into four parts, named as Con.1, Con.2, Con.3 and Con.4, respectively, by chromatography on DEAE_Sepharose fast_flow column and Sephadex G_100 column in order. Con.1 was the constituent of high molecular weight and the other three were all of low molecular weight. Micro_Kjeldahl analysis showed that Con.1 contained 3.95% of nitrogen and neither did the other three parts. The antisenile effects of the four parts of ABPS were studied with Drosophila melanogaster. Results showed that Con.1 has no antisenile effect and all the others could significantly increase the average body weight by 3.85%-5.47% and significantly prolonged the average lifespan by 2.61%- 3.16% of D. melanogaster at the concentration of 2 or 5 mg/g (ABPS/medium).展开更多
文摘模拟研究京津冀地区地表土壤热通量,对该区域的干旱监测、生态系统功能评估、气候变化模拟及农作物估产具有重要参考意义.基于京津冀地区怀来站和馆陶站2个站点每10 min的自动气象站数据(四分量辐射、地表辐射温度、土壤热通量、多层土壤水分和土壤温度),通过昼夜分开调整G_(0)_SEBS模型,构建了适用于京津冀地区的新模型G_(0)_SEBSadj.利用GLASS和GLDAS区域数据驱动G_(0)_SEBSadj模型,定量模拟了京津冀地区2010-2020年较高精度的地表土壤热通量(G_(0)),分析得出该区域近11 a G_(0)的时空变化特征.2010-2020年,京津冀地区G_(0)波动上升,这可能与全球气候变暖趋势密切相关;空间上,京津冀地区西北区域年均G_(0)较高,而太行山等海拔较高区域年均G_(0)较低,这可能与海拔地形影响相关.研究得出了京津冀地区2010-2020年地表土壤热通量的区域数据,揭示了该地区G_(0)的时空分布特征,为区域蒸散发及相关研究提供了数据支持及参考.
文摘In this paper,we introduce the notion of G_(C)-X-injective modules,where X denotes a class of left S-modules and C represents a faithfully semidualizing bimodule.Under the condition that X satisfies certain hypotheses,some properties and some equivalent characterizations of G_(C)-X-injective modules are investigated,and we also show that the triple(■,cores■,■)is a weak co-AB-context.As an application,two complete cotorsion pairs and a new model structure in Mod S are given.
基金The Central Government Guides Local Foundation for Science and Technology Development(Grant No.YDZJSX2024B004).
文摘The soft actuator is characterized by high safety,flexibility,and adaptability.It is capable of both active and passive defor-mations.This paper presents a discrete degree of freedom(DOF)method for soft actuators to reveal DOF characteristics.The method draws on the superposition mechanism of the deformation characteristics of the sarcomere in the skeletal muscles of living organisms.Firstly,the multi-DOF deformation characteristics of the soft actuator are discretized into superimposed combinations of single-DOF micro-units.Then,the soft actuator was determined to contain deformation characteristics such as extension-contraction,bending,and twisting.Eighteen types of micro-units with basic deforma-tion characteristics were obtained depending on the axis and orientation.Further,the mapping relationship between the combination of micro-units and the motion characteristics of the soft actuator based on the GF set theory was established.Finally,an active-passive DOF co-structured soft actuator(APCSA)was developed.The graphical approach analyzes the experimental results,and it can be concluded that active and passive DOFs can coexist in the composite deformation of the soft actuator.
基金funded by the Liaoning province Department of Education fund(LJKZ0651)the scientific research fund project of Liaoning provincial department of education(LJKZ0430)the Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Liaoning Province(2023JH6/100500010)。
文摘The prevalence of high blood pressure is on the rise among younger individuals,and recent findings have linked exercise to changes in the diversity and configuration of gut microbiota.However,specific modifications to one's diet,such as incorporating blueberries while engaging in physical activity,can also influence this association.To explore the effects of exercise and blueberry consumption on gut bacteria,we conducted an 8-week study involving healthy and hypertensive college students.Our microbiome analysis revealed slight shifts in gut bacteria composition in response to increased physical activity,with significant changes in the diversity of the g_[Eubacterium]_eligens_group observed in hypertensive college students who regularly consumed blueberries.Although exercise and blueberry supplementation had a negligible impact on the gut microbiota diversity of healthy college students,it significantly boosted the production of butyric acid bacteria in hypertensive young adults.These results suggest that the changes in gut bacteria variety and abundance brought about by blueberries may be tied to alterations in the body composition of patients with hypertension.This study aims to reveal the impact of blueberry on the hypertensive students from a unique perspective,suggesting the impact of taking blueberry while taking exercises.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City(No.J230034)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2023-JYB-JBQN-051)the Talent Cultivation Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(No.JZPY202206).
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates.Chinese agarwood comprises the resin-containing wood of Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg.,traditionally utilized for treating asthma,cardiac ischemia,and tumors.However,comprehensive research regarding its anti-GC effects and underlying mechanisms remains limited.In this study,Chinese agarwood petroleum ether extract(CAPEE)demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against human GC cells,with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values for AGS,HGC27,and MGC803 cells of 2.89,2.46,and 2.37μg·mL^(−1),respectively,at 48 h.CAPEE significantly induced apoptosis in these GC cells,with B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)associated X protein(BAX)/BCL-2 antagonist killer 1(BAK)likely mediating CAPEE-induced apoptosis.Furthermore,CAPEE induced G_(0)/G_(1)phase cell cycle arrest in human GC cells via activation of the deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)damage-p21-cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4(CDK4)signaling axis,and increased Fe^(2+),lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,thereby inducing ferroptosis.Ribonucleic acid(RNA)sequencing,real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),and Western blotting analyses revealed CAPEE-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in human GC cells.RNA interference studies demonstrated that HO-1 knockdown reduced CAPEE sensitivity and inhibited CAPEE-induced ferroptosis in human GC cells.Additionally,CAPEE administration exhibited robust in vivo anti-GC activity without significant toxicity in nude mice while inhibiting tumor cell growth and promoting apoptosis in tumor tissues.These findings indicate that CAPEE suppresses human GC cell growth through upregulation of the DNA damage-p21-cyclin D1/CDK4 signaling axis and HO-1-mediated ferroptosis,suggesting its potential as a candidate drug for GC treatment.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC0504601)an open fund of the State Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Control(No.F2010121002-202424).
文摘The mechanism of plant response to water availability is a crucial research area in ecosystem adaptation to dry environments.Global change in precipitation patterns exacerbates drought risks in many regions,necessitating investigations of tree responses to drought.However,compared with seasonal drought events,how water use characteristics respond to long-term rainfall reduction remains poorly characterized.Here,we assessed the effects of multi-year rainfall exclusion treatments(in the 4th and 5th years)on sap flow,canopy conductance(G_(C)),and the response pattern to varying transpiration driving force(vapor pressure deficit(VPD))and soil moisture conditions in a black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)plantation in the China's Loess Plateau.The experimental platform includes paired plots of a 30%throughfall exclusion treatment and a control within the plantation.The reduction of soil water content(SWC),either as temporal variations or as a result of rainfall exclusion treatment,generally lowered sap flow,G_(C),and the sensitivity to VPD.The difference in each index between plots was substantially greater than that among temporal variations in SWC within a plot.The trees in the control plot showed strong responses of G_(C)to temporal SWC changes,exhibiting an isohydric behavior.However,those subjected to long-term rainfall exclusion treatment had lower variations in G_(C)and the sensitivity across different SWC,exhibiting an anisohydric behavior under limited water conditions.Additionally,rainfall exclusion treatment decreased basal area(BA)increment but increased water use efficiency(WUE).The transition to anisohydric behavior suggests an adventurous pattern of water use strategy that has risks of hydraulic damage and shoot mortality.These findings provide insights into the different adaptation strategies within a species to diverse intensity and duration of drought conditions,which is crucial for sustainable forest management under climate change conditions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12201500)。
文摘In this paper,the authors prove that the parameterized area integralμ_(Ω,S)^(ρ)and the parameterized Littlewood-Paley g_(δ)^(*)-functionμ_(Ω,δ)^(*,ρ)are bounded on two-weight grand homogeneous variable Herz-Morrey spaces MK_(p),θ,q(·))^(α(·),λ)(ω_(1),ω_(2)),where θ>0,λ∈(2,∞),q(·)∈B(R^(n)),α(·)∈L^(∞)(R^(n)),ω_(1)∈A_(p_(ω_(1)))for p_(ω_(1))∈[1,∞]and ω_(2) is a weight.Furthermore,the authors prove that the commutators[b,μ_(Ω,S)^(ρ)]which is formed by b∈BMO(R^(n))and the μ_(Ω,S)^(ρ),and the[b,μ_(Ω,δ)^(*,ρ)]generated by b∈BMO(R^(n))and theμ_(Ω,δ)^(*,ρ)are bounded on MK_(p),θ,q(·))^(α(·),λ)(ω_(1),ω_(2)),respectively.
文摘Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides (ABPS), water_soluble polysaccharides, isolated from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata Bl. of Amaranthaceae family, was divided into four parts, named as Con.1, Con.2, Con.3 and Con.4, respectively, by chromatography on DEAE_Sepharose fast_flow column and Sephadex G_100 column in order. Con.1 was the constituent of high molecular weight and the other three were all of low molecular weight. Micro_Kjeldahl analysis showed that Con.1 contained 3.95% of nitrogen and neither did the other three parts. The antisenile effects of the four parts of ABPS were studied with Drosophila melanogaster. Results showed that Con.1 has no antisenile effect and all the others could significantly increase the average body weight by 3.85%-5.47% and significantly prolonged the average lifespan by 2.61%- 3.16% of D. melanogaster at the concentration of 2 or 5 mg/g (ABPS/medium).
