Since its establishment about ten years ago, TEDA has taken advantage of eachopportune time created by China’s policy of opening wider and wider to the outsideworld and the rapid economic growth to deepen its reform ...Since its establishment about ten years ago, TEDA has taken advantage of eachopportune time created by China’s policy of opening wider and wider to the outsideworld and the rapid economic growth to deepen its reform and extend its exploitation,and thus has maintained a favorable momentum and an extraordinary high speed foreconomic development. With the total economic output of the whole area raised to展开更多
Ecological network(EN)identification and optimization is an essential research tool for safeguarding regional ecological security patterns and planning territorial space.Especially for the ecologically fragile inland ...Ecological network(EN)identification and optimization is an essential research tool for safeguarding regional ecological security patterns and planning territorial space.Especially for the ecologically fragile inland river basins,EN optimization is of significance in ensuring regional ecological security and virtuous cycle of ecosystems.In addition,EN is a dynamically changing structural system that is more applicable to the regional development by optimizing it from comprehensive future development perspective.EN of Shiyang River basin was constructed on account of the circuit theory,and land use/cover changes(LUCC)of the basin in 2035 was predicted by PLUS model,so as to explore the ecological conservation priorities and formulate optimization strategies.54 ecological sources(ESs)were identified,covering an area of 12,198 km^(2),mainly in the southern basin.133 ecological corridors(ECs)with an area of 3,176.92 km^(2)were extracted.38 ecological pinchpoints(EPs)and 22 ecological barriers(EBs)were identified respectively,which were mainly distributed in the lower basin.To effectively enhance the connectivity of EN in Minqin County,which has the worst ecological environment,we added five stepping stones based on the Ant Forest project.In addition,the optimal EPS is selected according to the development and limitation needs of inland river basins and the threat degree of warning points(WPs)under different scenarios.Scientific and reasonable optimization of future urban layout to prevent WPs can effectively alleviate the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development.The study is intended to provide basis for ecological sustainable development and rational planning territorial space in Shiyang River basin,as well as opinion for EN optimization in inland river basin.展开更多
The reform stems from honesty and determination. Since 2005, organ donation and transplantation in China has undergone thorough reform, which complies with legislation requirements and ethical principles established b...The reform stems from honesty and determination. Since 2005, organ donation and transplantation in China has undergone thorough reform, which complies with legislation requirements and ethical principles established by the World Health Organization(WHO). Reform in China has demonstrated the unwavering confidence and utmost determination of the Chinese government and the Chinese transplantation community. The year 2015 marked a historic turning point when voluntary donations from Chinese citizens became the sole legitimate source for organ transplantation. Since 2015, China has gradually established and refined the “Chinese Mode” and “China System” for organ donation and transplantation, fulfilling its political pledge of reform, and has garnered international recognition, and fostered a social culture which promotes organ donation. This article reviewed the history of reform on organ donation and transplantation in China, presented a new pattern of establishment of organ donation system in the new era of the country, and the direction of advances in the future.展开更多
In the area of reservoir engineering,the optimization of oil and gas production is a complex task involving a myriad of interconnected decision variables shaping the production system's infrastructure.Traditionall...In the area of reservoir engineering,the optimization of oil and gas production is a complex task involving a myriad of interconnected decision variables shaping the production system's infrastructure.Traditionally,this optimization process was centered on a single objective,such as net present value,return on investment,cumulative oil production,or cumulative water production.However,the inherent complexity of reservoir exploration necessitates a departure from this single-objective approach.Mul-tiple conflicting production and economic indicators must now be considered to enable more precise and robust decision-making.In response to this challenge,researchers have embarked on a journey to explore field development optimization of multiple conflicting criteria,employing the formidable tools of multi-objective optimization algorithms.These algorithms delve into the intricate terrain of production strategy design,seeking to strike a delicate balance between the often-contrasting objectives.Over the years,a plethora of these algorithms have emerged,ranging from a priori methods to a posteriori approach,each offering unique insights and capabilities.This survey endeavors to encapsulate,catego-rize,and scrutinize these invaluable contributions to field development optimization,which grapple with the complexities of multiple conflicting objective functions.Beyond the overview of existing methodologies,we delve into the persisting challenges faced by researchers and practitioners alike.Notably,the application of multi-objective optimization techniques to production optimization is hin-dered by the resource-intensive nature of reservoir simulation,especially when confronted with inherent uncertainties.As a result of this survey,emerging opportunities have been identified that will serve as catalysts for pivotal research endeavors in the future.As intelligent and more efficient algo-rithms continue to evolve,the potential for addressing hitherto insurmountable field development optimization obstacles becomes increasingly viable.This discussion on future prospects aims to inspire critical research,guiding the way toward innovative solutions in the ever-evolving landscape of oil and gas production optimization.展开更多
The collaborative development of future learning centers in engineering university is a crucial component of integrating education,technology,and talent development.Its essence lies in cultivating top-notch innovative...The collaborative development of future learning centers in engineering university is a crucial component of integrating education,technology,and talent development.Its essence lies in cultivating top-notch innovative engineering talents with both scientific and technological literacy and humanistic feelings for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through a historical narrative and a deep understanding of engineering talent cultivation in China.By tracing back to the formation of educator Mei Yiqi’s engineering intentions,the integration of engineering knowledge,and the history of engineering education governance,this paper proposes the key to the collaborative development of future learning centers in engineering university in the era of artificial intelligence.Firstly,it is necessary to update educational concepts and view learners as dynamically self-empowered individuals with plural existences.Secondly,attention should be paid to dynamic knowledge of possibilities,and cross-subject and interdisciplinary cognition and reflection should be carried out based on the types of engineering knowledge.Thirdly,it is essential to establish an engineering talent cultivation model with problem-guided knowledge learning as the core.With the support of digital network platforms and artificial intelligence technology,an infinite link of ideas and knowledge can be established through comprehensive textual methods,constructing learners’own“infinite library”and a spiritual world that is proactive,creative,and cultural.展开更多
Over the past two decades,the China-ASEAN Expo(CAEXPO)has developed into an important platform for China-ASEAN cooperation and helped drive the upgrading of China-ASEAN relations from a strategic partnership to a comp...Over the past two decades,the China-ASEAN Expo(CAEXPO)has developed into an important platform for China-ASEAN cooperation and helped drive the upgrading of China-ASEAN relations from a strategic partnership to a comprehensive strategic partnership.Efforts from both sides have helped build a closer China-ASEAN community with a shared future.On September 24,2024,the 21st CAEXPO kicked off in Nanning,capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,marking a new start for a shining future of the international event.展开更多
The smart city is not only a crucial means of promoting sustainable development,but also a strategic approach to advancing scientific urban development and governance on a global scale.Based on a textual co-occurrence...The smart city is not only a crucial means of promoting sustainable development,but also a strategic approach to advancing scientific urban development and governance on a global scale.Based on a textual co-occurrence analysis of policy documents,this study examines the components,development pathways,and models of smart cities in China.It identifies three distinct phases in the development process:the information project-driven phase,the holistic development phase,and the collaborative development phase.Overall,the development of smart cities in China-characterized by a strong focus on information technology projects-was primarily initiated by both central and local governments.Reflecting on the informatization process and the trajectory of smart city development in China since the mid-1990s,this paper argues that smart city initiatives must evolve beyond a purely technology-driven framework toward a more human-centered approach.Against the backdrop of ongoing urbanization and urban transformation in China,this study proposes future development strategies that integrate top-down government planning with bottom-up public engagement.It advocates for a comprehensive framework that integrates technology,human needs,and spatial planning,emphasizing the spatiotemporal coordination between technological implementation and stakeholder demands.This research offers valuable insights and strategic guidance for the future development of smart cities worldwide.展开更多
This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role and development prospects of direct satellite-to-phone technology in the global communication landscape.It explores the importance,current development ...This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role and development prospects of direct satellite-to-phone technology in the global communication landscape.It explores the importance,current development status,key technical challenges,future directions,and countermeasures of this technology from multiple dimensions.The article explains the significance and necessity of direct satellite-to-phone technology in the global communication field,discusses its development background and importance as one of the key technologies in the 6G era,and outlines the research objectives,methodology,and structure of the paper.Additionally,the article reviews and analyzes the development history of direct satellite-to-phone technology on a global scale,discusses the key technical points in achieving this technology,and predicts its potential role and development direction in future communication systems from the perspective of 6G network architecture.It also explores new application scenarios and service models that may emerge from technological advancements,as well as their impact on future communication networks.The development history of direct satellite-to-phone technology and its role in current and future communication networks are emphasized,highlighting its value in promoting global communication infrastructure construction.The article also proposes improvement suggestions for existing issues and points out future research directions.展开更多
Rural tourism has emerged as a key strategy for sustainable development in underdeveloped regions,offering vital opportunities for economic and social revitalization.This study examines the impact and prospects of rur...Rural tourism has emerged as a key strategy for sustainable development in underdeveloped regions,offering vital opportunities for economic and social revitalization.This study examines the impact and prospects of rural tourism in Jezerc village,Kosovo,using a mixed-methods approach that integrates both quantitative and qualitative data.Quantitative analysis of survey responses from 120 residents and 72 tourists reveals that 57% of residents believe tourism increases household income,while 62% see it as a means of preserving local traditions.However,only 21% report sufficient institutional support,and 74% call for stronger promotion efforts.The findings also show that tourists are primarily drawn to the natural environment(72%)and to peace and relaxation(61%),but express dissatisfaction with infrastructure,particularly signage and roads.A Chi-square test confirmed significant differences in stakeholder views on tourism development strategies(p<0.001),underscoring the need for inclusive planning.While rural tourism’s general benefits,such as job creation,income diversification,and infrastructure improvement,are well known,this study provides new insights by highlighting the disconnect between community potential and institutional support,and by revealing specific demographic and perceptual trends among domestic tourists.The research concludes by advocating for policy frameworks that prioritize local engagement,targeted investment,and strategic promotion to ensure the sustainable and inclusive development of rural tourism in Kosovo.展开更多
The year 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and the Philippines.Over the past half century,despite ups and downs,China-Philippines relations have maintained a steady momentum of deve...The year 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and the Philippines.Over the past half century,despite ups and downs,China-Philippines relations have maintained a steady momentum of development with continuous progress in political,economic,and cultural exchanges.Since the second half of 2023,the Philippines’freguent provocations in the South China Sea have negatively impacted bilateral relations.展开更多
At the 2024 Beijing Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)held in September last year,Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that the overall characterisation of China-Africa relations be elevated to an all-weather C...At the 2024 Beijing Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)held in September last year,Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that the overall characterisation of China-Africa relations be elevated to an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era.“This declaration affirms,whether faced with pandemic or geopolitical shifts,Africa and China will still remain each other’s most trustworthy true partners,”said Inkosi Mzamo Buthelezi,South Africa’s minister of public service and administration.展开更多
ASEAN and China have built the most successful and dynamic model of regional cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region or even the whole world.Both are each other’s largest trading partners.China has maintained as ASEAN...ASEAN and China have built the most successful and dynamic model of regional cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region or even the whole world.Both are each other’s largest trading partners.China has maintained as ASEAN’s top trading partner for 16 consecutive years,and ASEAN has been China’s largest trading partner for five consecutive years.In 2024,the total bilateral trade volume approached 1 trillion US dollars,with a year-on-year increase of 7.8%.China is ASEAN’s second-largest source of foreign investment,and ASEAN is also an important source of foreign investment for China.Pragmatic cooperation between the two sides in various fields has been deepening continuously.展开更多
Ecosystem services in urban agglomerations are the environmental conditions under which human survival and development are sustained.Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services and complex interactions can contribut...Ecosystem services in urban agglomerations are the environmental conditions under which human survival and development are sustained.Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services and complex interactions can contribute positively to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for urban agglomerations.However,studies on the future contribution of multi-scenario ecosystem services to the SDGS are lacking.We pronovel integrated modeling framework that integrates the CLUES,InVEST,SOM,and GWR approaches to address the complex relationship between ecosystem services over a long“past-present-future”time series.We construct a novel ecosystem service bundle-based approach for measuring urban agglomerations progress towards achieving ecologically relevant sustainable development goals at multiple scales.In the future scenario,the water yield(WY),habitat quality(HQ),and soil conservation(SC)show similar spatial patterns,with comparable spatial grids,while carbon stock(CS)remains predominantly unchanged and the ecological protection scenario(EPS)improves more significantly.The high-synergy regions are mainly distributed in bundle 4,and most of the trade-off regions appear in bundles 1 and 2.Over the last 30 years,all but the water-related SDGs are declining in bundle 1 of the two urban agglomerations,which are 15%higher in the Guangxi Beibu Gulf(GBG)than in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA).From 2020 to 2035,the three scenarios demonstrate that the optimization of the SDGs progresses most effectively under the future ecological protection scenario(EPS).In particular,bundles 3 and 4 are significantly improved.This critical new knowledge can be used in sustainable ecosystem management and decision-making in urban agglomerations.展开更多
In recent years,with the policy reform of new drug review and approval,China has ushered in a surge of innovative drug development.Based on the Pharnexcloud database and the Pharmcube database,we analyzed the innovati...In recent years,with the policy reform of new drug review and approval,China has ushered in a surge of innovative drug development.Based on the Pharnexcloud database and the Pharmcube database,we analyzed the innovative drugs approved for marketing and entered clinical trials in China,sorted out the major research and development(R&D)institutions and enterprises,the distribution of innovative drug target types,and the primary therapeutic areas of the approved innovative drugs,and compared with the global innovative drug R&D landscape.Since 2020,China's innovative drug development has shown a rapid growth trend,with intense competition among biopharmaceutical companies,and the emergence of a number of leading biopharmaceutical enterprises.Popular targets for clinical-stage and approved drugs include protein tyrosine kinase,epidermal growth factor receptor,vascular endothelial growth factor receptor,and others.Oncological diseases are the most active domain for new drug R&D in China,followed by infectious diseases and neurological diseases.Suggestions for future development are proposed to increase policy support,enhance R&D innovation investment,optimize pipeline layout,strengthen international cooperation,and focus on innovative targets.This review provides a reference for pharmaceutical R&D enterprises,scientific researchers,and government administrators.展开更多
The 6th Future Energy Convention(FEC2024)was held in Suzhou,Jiangsu Province from September 5 to September 7,2024,and was successfully concluded.This convention was organized by the China Energy Research Society and C...The 6th Future Energy Convention(FEC2024)was held in Suzhou,Jiangsu Province from September 5 to September 7,2024,and was successfully concluded.This convention was organized by the China Energy Research Society and China Energy Net,with the theme of“New Quality Development of Future Energy”.The convention included one main forum and four thematic forums.The main forum comprised the Future Energy Academician Forum,Dialogue among Global Outstanding Leaders,and Future Energy International Forum;the four thematic forums included the Future Energy Global CTO Forum,Carbon Neutrality Industrial Cooperation,Advanced Nuclear Energy-Focusing on Nuclear Fusion,and“AI+”Empowering Green and Low-Carbon Transformation.展开更多
Background Cervical cancer is the only cancer that can be eliminated worldwide.Tracking the latest burden of cervical cancer is critical toward the targets set by World Health Organization(WHO)to eliminate cervical ca...Background Cervical cancer is the only cancer that can be eliminated worldwide.Tracking the latest burden of cervical cancer is critical toward the targets set by World Health Organization(WHO)to eliminate cervical cancer as a major public health problem.Methods All data were extracted from the Global Cancer Observatory(GLOBOCAN)2022.Age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR)and mortality rates(ASMR)of cervical cancer were compared and linked to Human Development Index(HDI)between populations.The estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)were used to characterize the temporal trend in ASIR/ASMR,and demographic estimates were projected up to 2050.Results Globally,an estimated 662,044 cases(ASIR:14.12/100,000)and 348,709 deaths(ASMR:7.08/100,000)from cervical cancer occurred in 2022,corresponding to the fourth cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in women worldwide.Specifically,42%of cases and 39%of deaths occurred in China(23%and 16%)and India(19%and 23%).Both ASIR and ASMR of cervical cancer decreased with HDI,and similar decreasing links were observed for both early-onset(0–39 years)and late-onset(≥40 years)cervical cancer.Both ASIR and ASMR of overall cervical cancer showed decreasing trends during 2003–2012(EAPC:0.04%and-1.03%);however,upward trends were observed for early-onset cervical cancer(EAPC:1.16%and 0.57%).If national rates in 2022 remain stable,the estimated cases and deaths from cervical cancer are projected to increase by 56.8%and 80.7%up to 2050.Moreover,the projected increase of early-onset cervical cancer is mainly observed in transitioning countries,while decreased burden is expected in transitioned countries.Conclusions Cervical cancer remains a common cause of cancer death in many countries,especially in transitioning countries.Unless scaling-up preventive interventions,human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccination and cervical cancer screening,as well as systematic cooperation within government,civil societies,and private enterprises,the global burden of cervical cancer would be expected to increase in the future.展开更多
Human brain development is a complex process,and animal models often have significant limitations.To address this,researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures,known as brain-li...Human brain development is a complex process,and animal models often have significant limitations.To address this,researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures,known as brain-like organoids,to more accurately model early human brain development and disease.To enable more consistent and intuitive reproduction of early brain development,in this study,we incorporated forebrain organoid culture technology into the traditional unguided method of brain organoid culture.This involved embedding organoids in matrigel for only 7 days during the rapid expansion phase of the neural epithelium and then removing them from the matrigel for further cultivation,resulting in a new type of human brain organoid system.This cerebral organoid system replicated the temporospatial characteristics of early human brain development,including neuroepithelium derivation,neural progenitor cell production and maintenance,neuron differentiation and migration,and cortical layer patterning and formation,providing more consistent and reproducible organoids for developmental modeling and toxicology testing.As a proof of concept,we applied the heavy metal cadmium to this newly improved organoid system to test whether it could be used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of environmental toxins.Brain organoids exposed to cadmium for 7 or 14 days manifested severe damage and abnormalities in their neurodevelopmental patterns,including bursts of cortical cell death and premature differentiation.Cadmium exposure caused progressive depletion of neural progenitor cells and loss of organoid integrity,accompanied by compensatory cell proliferation at ectopic locations.The convenience,flexibility,and controllability of this newly developed organoid platform make it a powerful and affordable alternative to animal models for use in neurodevelopmental,neurological,and neurotoxicological studies.展开更多
Developing deep fragmented soft coalbed methane(CBM)can significantly enhance domestic natural gas supplies,reduce reliance on imported energy,and bolster national energy security.This manuscript provides a comprehens...Developing deep fragmented soft coalbed methane(CBM)can significantly enhance domestic natural gas supplies,reduce reliance on imported energy,and bolster national energy security.This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of commonly employed coalbed methane extraction technologies.It then delves into several critical issues in the current stage of CBM exploration and development in China,including the compatibility of existing technologies with CBM reservoirs,the characteristics and occurrence states of CBM reservoirs,critical desorption pressure,and gas generation mechanisms.Our research indicates that current CBM exploration and development technologies in China have reached an internationally advanced level,yet the industry is facing unprecedented challenges.Despite progress in low-permeability,high-value coal seams,significant breakthroughs have not been achieved in exploring other types of coal seams.For different coal reservoirs,integrated extraction technologies have been developed,such as surface pre-depressurisation and segmented hydraulic fracturing of coal seam roof strata.Additionally,techniques like large-scale volume fracturing in horizontal wells have been established,significantly enhancing reservoir stimulation effects and coalbed methane recovery rates.However,all of these technologies are fundamentally based on permeation.These technologies lack direct methods aimed at enhancing the diffusion rate of CBM,thereby failing to fully reflect the unique characteristics of CBM.Current CBM exploration and development theories and technologies are not universally applicable to all coal seams.They do not adequately account for the predominantly adsorbed state of CBM,and the complex and variable gas generation mechanisms further constrain CBM development in China.Finally,continuous exploration of new deep CBM exploration technologies is necessary.Integrating more effective reservoir stimulation technologies is essential to enhance technical adaptability concerning CBM reservoir characteristics,gas occurrence states,and gas generation mechanisms,ultimately achieving efficient CBM development.We conclude that while China possesses a substantial foundation of deep fractured CBM resources,industry development is constrained and requires continuous exploration of new CBM exploration and development technologies to utilize these resources effectively.展开更多
The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and contin...The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and continuous comparison between in vivo retinal development and the organotypic retinal explant culture makes this model controversial in postnatal retinal development studies.Thus,we aimed to verify the feasibility of using this model for postnatal retinal development studies by comparing it with the in vivo retina.In this study,we showed that postnatal retinal explants undergo normal development,and exhibit a consistent structure and timeline with retinas in vivo.Initially,we used SOX2 and PAX6 immunostaining to identify retinal progenitor cells.We then examined cell proliferation and migration by immunostaining with Ki-67 and doublecortin,respectively.Ki-67-and doublecortin-positive cells decreased in both in vivo and explants during postnatal retinogenesis,and exhibited a high degree of similarity in abundance and distribution between groups.Additionally,we used Ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog,glutamate-ammonia ligase(glutamine synthetase),neuronal nuclei,and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunostaining to examine the emergence of bipolar cells,Müller glia,mature neurons,and microglia,respectively.The timing and spatial patterns of the emergence of these cell types were remarkably consistent between in vivo and explant retinas.Our study showed that the organotypic retinal explant culture model had a high degree of consistency with the progression of in vivo early postnatal retina development.The findings confirm the accuracy and credibility of this model and support its use for long-term,systematic,and continuous observation.展开更多
This article explores how Cangzhou Refining&Chemical is advancing the development of a community of shared future between the enterprise and its employees,amidst the deepening reforms and high-quality development ...This article explores how Cangzhou Refining&Chemical is advancing the development of a community of shared future between the enterprise and its employees,amidst the deepening reforms and high-quality development of state-owned enterprises and their“interaction”with new quality productive forces.By prioritizing employee care and support,the company enhances organizational efficiency,converting employee engagement into tangible productivity,and offers a practical model for other innovation initiatives.展开更多
文摘Since its establishment about ten years ago, TEDA has taken advantage of eachopportune time created by China’s policy of opening wider and wider to the outsideworld and the rapid economic growth to deepen its reform and extend its exploitation,and thus has maintained a favorable momentum and an extraordinary high speed foreconomic development. With the total economic output of the whole area raised to
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42101276)。
文摘Ecological network(EN)identification and optimization is an essential research tool for safeguarding regional ecological security patterns and planning territorial space.Especially for the ecologically fragile inland river basins,EN optimization is of significance in ensuring regional ecological security and virtuous cycle of ecosystems.In addition,EN is a dynamically changing structural system that is more applicable to the regional development by optimizing it from comprehensive future development perspective.EN of Shiyang River basin was constructed on account of the circuit theory,and land use/cover changes(LUCC)of the basin in 2035 was predicted by PLUS model,so as to explore the ecological conservation priorities and formulate optimization strategies.54 ecological sources(ESs)were identified,covering an area of 12,198 km^(2),mainly in the southern basin.133 ecological corridors(ECs)with an area of 3,176.92 km^(2)were extracted.38 ecological pinchpoints(EPs)and 22 ecological barriers(EBs)were identified respectively,which were mainly distributed in the lower basin.To effectively enhance the connectivity of EN in Minqin County,which has the worst ecological environment,we added five stepping stones based on the Ant Forest project.In addition,the optimal EPS is selected according to the development and limitation needs of inland river basins and the threat degree of warning points(WPs)under different scenarios.Scientific and reasonable optimization of future urban layout to prevent WPs can effectively alleviate the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development.The study is intended to provide basis for ecological sustainable development and rational planning territorial space in Shiyang River basin,as well as opinion for EN optimization in inland river basin.
文摘The reform stems from honesty and determination. Since 2005, organ donation and transplantation in China has undergone thorough reform, which complies with legislation requirements and ethical principles established by the World Health Organization(WHO). Reform in China has demonstrated the unwavering confidence and utmost determination of the Chinese government and the Chinese transplantation community. The year 2015 marked a historic turning point when voluntary donations from Chinese citizens became the sole legitimate source for organ transplantation. Since 2015, China has gradually established and refined the “Chinese Mode” and “China System” for organ donation and transplantation, fulfilling its political pledge of reform, and has garnered international recognition, and fostered a social culture which promotes organ donation. This article reviewed the history of reform on organ donation and transplantation in China, presented a new pattern of establishment of organ donation system in the new era of the country, and the direction of advances in the future.
基金the support of EPIC - Energy Production Innovation Center, hosted by the University of Campinas (UNICAMP) and sponsored by Equinor Brazil and FAPESP - Sao Paulo Research Foundation (2021/04878- 7 and 2017/15736-3)financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Brasil (CAPES) - Financing Code 001
文摘In the area of reservoir engineering,the optimization of oil and gas production is a complex task involving a myriad of interconnected decision variables shaping the production system's infrastructure.Traditionally,this optimization process was centered on a single objective,such as net present value,return on investment,cumulative oil production,or cumulative water production.However,the inherent complexity of reservoir exploration necessitates a departure from this single-objective approach.Mul-tiple conflicting production and economic indicators must now be considered to enable more precise and robust decision-making.In response to this challenge,researchers have embarked on a journey to explore field development optimization of multiple conflicting criteria,employing the formidable tools of multi-objective optimization algorithms.These algorithms delve into the intricate terrain of production strategy design,seeking to strike a delicate balance between the often-contrasting objectives.Over the years,a plethora of these algorithms have emerged,ranging from a priori methods to a posteriori approach,each offering unique insights and capabilities.This survey endeavors to encapsulate,catego-rize,and scrutinize these invaluable contributions to field development optimization,which grapple with the complexities of multiple conflicting objective functions.Beyond the overview of existing methodologies,we delve into the persisting challenges faced by researchers and practitioners alike.Notably,the application of multi-objective optimization techniques to production optimization is hin-dered by the resource-intensive nature of reservoir simulation,especially when confronted with inherent uncertainties.As a result of this survey,emerging opportunities have been identified that will serve as catalysts for pivotal research endeavors in the future.As intelligent and more efficient algo-rithms continue to evolve,the potential for addressing hitherto insurmountable field development optimization obstacles becomes increasingly viable.This discussion on future prospects aims to inspire critical research,guiding the way toward innovative solutions in the ever-evolving landscape of oil and gas production optimization.
基金2024 General Research Topic of the Chinese Society of Educational Development Strategy,“Research on the Collaborative Development of‘Future Learning Centers’in Engineering University under New Strategic Needs”(Project No.:ZLB20240820)。
文摘The collaborative development of future learning centers in engineering university is a crucial component of integrating education,technology,and talent development.Its essence lies in cultivating top-notch innovative engineering talents with both scientific and technological literacy and humanistic feelings for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through a historical narrative and a deep understanding of engineering talent cultivation in China.By tracing back to the formation of educator Mei Yiqi’s engineering intentions,the integration of engineering knowledge,and the history of engineering education governance,this paper proposes the key to the collaborative development of future learning centers in engineering university in the era of artificial intelligence.Firstly,it is necessary to update educational concepts and view learners as dynamically self-empowered individuals with plural existences.Secondly,attention should be paid to dynamic knowledge of possibilities,and cross-subject and interdisciplinary cognition and reflection should be carried out based on the types of engineering knowledge.Thirdly,it is essential to establish an engineering talent cultivation model with problem-guided knowledge learning as the core.With the support of digital network platforms and artificial intelligence technology,an infinite link of ideas and knowledge can be established through comprehensive textual methods,constructing learners’own“infinite library”and a spiritual world that is proactive,creative,and cultural.
文摘Over the past two decades,the China-ASEAN Expo(CAEXPO)has developed into an important platform for China-ASEAN cooperation and helped drive the upgrading of China-ASEAN relations from a strategic partnership to a comprehensive strategic partnership.Efforts from both sides have helped build a closer China-ASEAN community with a shared future.On September 24,2024,the 21st CAEXPO kicked off in Nanning,capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,marking a new start for a shining future of the international event.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42330510,42471245,52478061,52478060)。
文摘The smart city is not only a crucial means of promoting sustainable development,but also a strategic approach to advancing scientific urban development and governance on a global scale.Based on a textual co-occurrence analysis of policy documents,this study examines the components,development pathways,and models of smart cities in China.It identifies three distinct phases in the development process:the information project-driven phase,the holistic development phase,and the collaborative development phase.Overall,the development of smart cities in China-characterized by a strong focus on information technology projects-was primarily initiated by both central and local governments.Reflecting on the informatization process and the trajectory of smart city development in China since the mid-1990s,this paper argues that smart city initiatives must evolve beyond a purely technology-driven framework toward a more human-centered approach.Against the backdrop of ongoing urbanization and urban transformation in China,this study proposes future development strategies that integrate top-down government planning with bottom-up public engagement.It advocates for a comprehensive framework that integrates technology,human needs,and spatial planning,emphasizing the spatiotemporal coordination between technological implementation and stakeholder demands.This research offers valuable insights and strategic guidance for the future development of smart cities worldwide.
文摘This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role and development prospects of direct satellite-to-phone technology in the global communication landscape.It explores the importance,current development status,key technical challenges,future directions,and countermeasures of this technology from multiple dimensions.The article explains the significance and necessity of direct satellite-to-phone technology in the global communication field,discusses its development background and importance as one of the key technologies in the 6G era,and outlines the research objectives,methodology,and structure of the paper.Additionally,the article reviews and analyzes the development history of direct satellite-to-phone technology on a global scale,discusses the key technical points in achieving this technology,and predicts its potential role and development direction in future communication systems from the perspective of 6G network architecture.It also explores new application scenarios and service models that may emerge from technological advancements,as well as their impact on future communication networks.The development history of direct satellite-to-phone technology and its role in current and future communication networks are emphasized,highlighting its value in promoting global communication infrastructure construction.The article also proposes improvement suggestions for existing issues and points out future research directions.
文摘Rural tourism has emerged as a key strategy for sustainable development in underdeveloped regions,offering vital opportunities for economic and social revitalization.This study examines the impact and prospects of rural tourism in Jezerc village,Kosovo,using a mixed-methods approach that integrates both quantitative and qualitative data.Quantitative analysis of survey responses from 120 residents and 72 tourists reveals that 57% of residents believe tourism increases household income,while 62% see it as a means of preserving local traditions.However,only 21% report sufficient institutional support,and 74% call for stronger promotion efforts.The findings also show that tourists are primarily drawn to the natural environment(72%)and to peace and relaxation(61%),but express dissatisfaction with infrastructure,particularly signage and roads.A Chi-square test confirmed significant differences in stakeholder views on tourism development strategies(p<0.001),underscoring the need for inclusive planning.While rural tourism’s general benefits,such as job creation,income diversification,and infrastructure improvement,are well known,this study provides new insights by highlighting the disconnect between community potential and institutional support,and by revealing specific demographic and perceptual trends among domestic tourists.The research concludes by advocating for policy frameworks that prioritize local engagement,targeted investment,and strategic promotion to ensure the sustainable and inclusive development of rural tourism in Kosovo.
文摘The year 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and the Philippines.Over the past half century,despite ups and downs,China-Philippines relations have maintained a steady momentum of development with continuous progress in political,economic,and cultural exchanges.Since the second half of 2023,the Philippines’freguent provocations in the South China Sea have negatively impacted bilateral relations.
文摘At the 2024 Beijing Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)held in September last year,Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that the overall characterisation of China-Africa relations be elevated to an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era.“This declaration affirms,whether faced with pandemic or geopolitical shifts,Africa and China will still remain each other’s most trustworthy true partners,”said Inkosi Mzamo Buthelezi,South Africa’s minister of public service and administration.
文摘ASEAN and China have built the most successful and dynamic model of regional cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region or even the whole world.Both are each other’s largest trading partners.China has maintained as ASEAN’s top trading partner for 16 consecutive years,and ASEAN has been China’s largest trading partner for five consecutive years.In 2024,the total bilateral trade volume approached 1 trillion US dollars,with a year-on-year increase of 7.8%.China is ASEAN’s second-largest source of foreign investment,and ASEAN is also an important source of foreign investment for China.Pragmatic cooperation between the two sides in various fields has been deepening continuously.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.U21A2022,No.U1901219,No.42071393,No.42101369。
文摘Ecosystem services in urban agglomerations are the environmental conditions under which human survival and development are sustained.Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services and complex interactions can contribute positively to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for urban agglomerations.However,studies on the future contribution of multi-scenario ecosystem services to the SDGS are lacking.We pronovel integrated modeling framework that integrates the CLUES,InVEST,SOM,and GWR approaches to address the complex relationship between ecosystem services over a long“past-present-future”time series.We construct a novel ecosystem service bundle-based approach for measuring urban agglomerations progress towards achieving ecologically relevant sustainable development goals at multiple scales.In the future scenario,the water yield(WY),habitat quality(HQ),and soil conservation(SC)show similar spatial patterns,with comparable spatial grids,while carbon stock(CS)remains predominantly unchanged and the ecological protection scenario(EPS)improves more significantly.The high-synergy regions are mainly distributed in bundle 4,and most of the trade-off regions appear in bundles 1 and 2.Over the last 30 years,all but the water-related SDGs are declining in bundle 1 of the two urban agglomerations,which are 15%higher in the Guangxi Beibu Gulf(GBG)than in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA).From 2020 to 2035,the three scenarios demonstrate that the optimization of the SDGs progresses most effectively under the future ecological protection scenario(EPS).In particular,bundles 3 and 4 are significantly improved.This critical new knowledge can be used in sustainable ecosystem management and decision-making in urban agglomerations.
基金Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M 1-033).
文摘In recent years,with the policy reform of new drug review and approval,China has ushered in a surge of innovative drug development.Based on the Pharnexcloud database and the Pharmcube database,we analyzed the innovative drugs approved for marketing and entered clinical trials in China,sorted out the major research and development(R&D)institutions and enterprises,the distribution of innovative drug target types,and the primary therapeutic areas of the approved innovative drugs,and compared with the global innovative drug R&D landscape.Since 2020,China's innovative drug development has shown a rapid growth trend,with intense competition among biopharmaceutical companies,and the emergence of a number of leading biopharmaceutical enterprises.Popular targets for clinical-stage and approved drugs include protein tyrosine kinase,epidermal growth factor receptor,vascular endothelial growth factor receptor,and others.Oncological diseases are the most active domain for new drug R&D in China,followed by infectious diseases and neurological diseases.Suggestions for future development are proposed to increase policy support,enhance R&D innovation investment,optimize pipeline layout,strengthen international cooperation,and focus on innovative targets.This review provides a reference for pharmaceutical R&D enterprises,scientific researchers,and government administrators.
文摘The 6th Future Energy Convention(FEC2024)was held in Suzhou,Jiangsu Province from September 5 to September 7,2024,and was successfully concluded.This convention was organized by the China Energy Research Society and China Energy Net,with the theme of“New Quality Development of Future Energy”.The convention included one main forum and four thematic forums.The main forum comprised the Future Energy Academician Forum,Dialogue among Global Outstanding Leaders,and Future Energy International Forum;the four thematic forums included the Future Energy Global CTO Forum,Carbon Neutrality Industrial Cooperation,Advanced Nuclear Energy-Focusing on Nuclear Fusion,and“AI+”Empowering Green and Low-Carbon Transformation.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant number:2021YFC2500400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers:82172894,82073028,82204121)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant number:2023M742617).
文摘Background Cervical cancer is the only cancer that can be eliminated worldwide.Tracking the latest burden of cervical cancer is critical toward the targets set by World Health Organization(WHO)to eliminate cervical cancer as a major public health problem.Methods All data were extracted from the Global Cancer Observatory(GLOBOCAN)2022.Age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR)and mortality rates(ASMR)of cervical cancer were compared and linked to Human Development Index(HDI)between populations.The estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)were used to characterize the temporal trend in ASIR/ASMR,and demographic estimates were projected up to 2050.Results Globally,an estimated 662,044 cases(ASIR:14.12/100,000)and 348,709 deaths(ASMR:7.08/100,000)from cervical cancer occurred in 2022,corresponding to the fourth cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in women worldwide.Specifically,42%of cases and 39%of deaths occurred in China(23%and 16%)and India(19%and 23%).Both ASIR and ASMR of cervical cancer decreased with HDI,and similar decreasing links were observed for both early-onset(0–39 years)and late-onset(≥40 years)cervical cancer.Both ASIR and ASMR of overall cervical cancer showed decreasing trends during 2003–2012(EAPC:0.04%and-1.03%);however,upward trends were observed for early-onset cervical cancer(EAPC:1.16%and 0.57%).If national rates in 2022 remain stable,the estimated cases and deaths from cervical cancer are projected to increase by 56.8%and 80.7%up to 2050.Moreover,the projected increase of early-onset cervical cancer is mainly observed in transitioning countries,while decreased burden is expected in transitioned countries.Conclusions Cervical cancer remains a common cause of cancer death in many countries,especially in transitioning countries.Unless scaling-up preventive interventions,human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccination and cervical cancer screening,as well as systematic cooperation within government,civil societies,and private enterprises,the global burden of cervical cancer would be expected to increase in the future.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2019YFA0110300(to ZG)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81773302(to YF),32070862(to ZG).
文摘Human brain development is a complex process,and animal models often have significant limitations.To address this,researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures,known as brain-like organoids,to more accurately model early human brain development and disease.To enable more consistent and intuitive reproduction of early brain development,in this study,we incorporated forebrain organoid culture technology into the traditional unguided method of brain organoid culture.This involved embedding organoids in matrigel for only 7 days during the rapid expansion phase of the neural epithelium and then removing them from the matrigel for further cultivation,resulting in a new type of human brain organoid system.This cerebral organoid system replicated the temporospatial characteristics of early human brain development,including neuroepithelium derivation,neural progenitor cell production and maintenance,neuron differentiation and migration,and cortical layer patterning and formation,providing more consistent and reproducible organoids for developmental modeling and toxicology testing.As a proof of concept,we applied the heavy metal cadmium to this newly improved organoid system to test whether it could be used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of environmental toxins.Brain organoids exposed to cadmium for 7 or 14 days manifested severe damage and abnormalities in their neurodevelopmental patterns,including bursts of cortical cell death and premature differentiation.Cadmium exposure caused progressive depletion of neural progenitor cells and loss of organoid integrity,accompanied by compensatory cell proliferation at ectopic locations.The convenience,flexibility,and controllability of this newly developed organoid platform make it a powerful and affordable alternative to animal models for use in neurodevelopmental,neurological,and neurotoxicological studies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52074045,52274074)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Chongqing(CSTB2022NSCQ-JQX0028).
文摘Developing deep fragmented soft coalbed methane(CBM)can significantly enhance domestic natural gas supplies,reduce reliance on imported energy,and bolster national energy security.This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of commonly employed coalbed methane extraction technologies.It then delves into several critical issues in the current stage of CBM exploration and development in China,including the compatibility of existing technologies with CBM reservoirs,the characteristics and occurrence states of CBM reservoirs,critical desorption pressure,and gas generation mechanisms.Our research indicates that current CBM exploration and development technologies in China have reached an internationally advanced level,yet the industry is facing unprecedented challenges.Despite progress in low-permeability,high-value coal seams,significant breakthroughs have not been achieved in exploring other types of coal seams.For different coal reservoirs,integrated extraction technologies have been developed,such as surface pre-depressurisation and segmented hydraulic fracturing of coal seam roof strata.Additionally,techniques like large-scale volume fracturing in horizontal wells have been established,significantly enhancing reservoir stimulation effects and coalbed methane recovery rates.However,all of these technologies are fundamentally based on permeation.These technologies lack direct methods aimed at enhancing the diffusion rate of CBM,thereby failing to fully reflect the unique characteristics of CBM.Current CBM exploration and development theories and technologies are not universally applicable to all coal seams.They do not adequately account for the predominantly adsorbed state of CBM,and the complex and variable gas generation mechanisms further constrain CBM development in China.Finally,continuous exploration of new deep CBM exploration technologies is necessary.Integrating more effective reservoir stimulation technologies is essential to enhance technical adaptability concerning CBM reservoir characteristics,gas occurrence states,and gas generation mechanisms,ultimately achieving efficient CBM development.We conclude that while China possesses a substantial foundation of deep fractured CBM resources,industry development is constrained and requires continuous exploration of new CBM exploration and development technologies to utilize these resources effectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81901156(to ZZ),82271200(to ZZ),82171308(to XC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.xzy012022035(to ZZ)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,Nos.2021JM-261(to QK),2023-YBSF-303(to ZZ)Traditional Chinese Medicine Project of Shaanxi Province,No.2019-ZZ-JC047(to QK)。
文摘The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and continuous comparison between in vivo retinal development and the organotypic retinal explant culture makes this model controversial in postnatal retinal development studies.Thus,we aimed to verify the feasibility of using this model for postnatal retinal development studies by comparing it with the in vivo retina.In this study,we showed that postnatal retinal explants undergo normal development,and exhibit a consistent structure and timeline with retinas in vivo.Initially,we used SOX2 and PAX6 immunostaining to identify retinal progenitor cells.We then examined cell proliferation and migration by immunostaining with Ki-67 and doublecortin,respectively.Ki-67-and doublecortin-positive cells decreased in both in vivo and explants during postnatal retinogenesis,and exhibited a high degree of similarity in abundance and distribution between groups.Additionally,we used Ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog,glutamate-ammonia ligase(glutamine synthetase),neuronal nuclei,and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunostaining to examine the emergence of bipolar cells,Müller glia,mature neurons,and microglia,respectively.The timing and spatial patterns of the emergence of these cell types were remarkably consistent between in vivo and explant retinas.Our study showed that the organotypic retinal explant culture model had a high degree of consistency with the progression of in vivo early postnatal retina development.The findings confirm the accuracy and credibility of this model and support its use for long-term,systematic,and continuous observation.
文摘This article explores how Cangzhou Refining&Chemical is advancing the development of a community of shared future between the enterprise and its employees,amidst the deepening reforms and high-quality development of state-owned enterprises and their“interaction”with new quality productive forces.By prioritizing employee care and support,the company enhances organizational efficiency,converting employee engagement into tangible productivity,and offers a practical model for other innovation initiatives.
