Wearable strain sensors are arousing increasing research interests in recent years on account of their potentials in motion detection,personal and public healthcare,future entertainment,man-machine interaction,artific...Wearable strain sensors are arousing increasing research interests in recent years on account of their potentials in motion detection,personal and public healthcare,future entertainment,man-machine interaction,artificial intelligence,and so forth.Much research has focused on fiber-based sensors due to the appealing performance of fibers,including processing flexibility,wearing comfortability,outstanding lifetime and serviceability,low-cost and large-scale capacity.Herein,we review the latest advances in functionalization and device fabrication of fiber materials toward applications in fiber-based wearable strain sensors.We describe the approaches for preparing conductive fibers such as spinning,surface modification,and structural transformation.We also introduce the fabrication and sensing mechanisms of state-of-the-art sensors and analyze their merits and demerits.The applications toward motion detection,healthcare,man-machine interaction,future entertainment,and multifunctional sensing are summarized with typical examples.We finally critically analyze tough challenges and future remarks of fiber-based strain sensors,aiming to implement them in real applications.展开更多
Due to the economic value of natural textile fiber, cotton has attracted much research attention, which has led to the publication of two diploid genomes and two tetraploid genomes. These big data facilitate functiona...Due to the economic value of natural textile fiber, cotton has attracted much research attention, which has led to the publication of two diploid genomes and two tetraploid genomes. These big data facilitate functional genomic study in cotton, and allow researchers to investigate cotton genome structure, gene expression, and protein function on the global scale using high-throughput methods. In this review, we summarized recent studies of cotton genomes. Population genomic analyses revealed the domestication history of cultivated upland cotton and the roles of transposable elements in cotton genome evolution.Alternative splicing of cotton transcriptomes was evaluated genome-widely. Several important gene families like MYC, NAC, Sus and GhPLDal were systematically identified and classified based on genetic structure and biological function. High-throughput proteomics also unraveled the key functional proteins correlated with fiber development. Functional genomic studies have provided unprecedented insights into global-scale methods for cotton research.展开更多
We study the photon statistics of pulse-pumped four-wave mixing in fibers with weak coherent signal injection by measuring the intensity correlation functions of individual signal and idler fields. The experimental re...We study the photon statistics of pulse-pumped four-wave mixing in fibers with weak coherent signal injection by measuring the intensity correlation functions of individual signal and idler fields. The experimental results show that the intensity correlation function of individual signal（idler） field g_（s（i））^（2） decreases with the intensity of signal injection. After applying narrow band filter in signal（idler） band, the value of g_（s（i））^（2） decreases from 1.9 ± 0.02（1.9 ± 0.02） to 1.03 ± 0.02（1.05 ± 0.02） when the intensity of signal injection varies from 0 to 120 photons/pulse. The results indicate that the photon statistics changes from Bose–Einstein distribution to Poisson distribution. We calculate the intensity correlation functions by using the multi-mode theory of four-wave mixing in fibers. The theoretical curves well fit the experimental results.Our investigation will be useful for mitigating the crosstalk between quantum and classical channels in a dense wavelength division multiplexing network.展开更多
As a major raw material for the textile industry and the most important fiber crop in the world,cotton is of great significance in Chinese economy.The development of cotton fiber can be divided
The recovery of Au by activated carbon fibers (ACFs) was carried out in a 40mm diameter, 1200mm height fluidized bed. The rates of reaction of the functional fibers with Au3+ in the pure aurum solution and in the auru...The recovery of Au by activated carbon fibers (ACFs) was carried out in a 40mm diameter, 1200mm height fluidized bed. The rates of reaction of the functional fibers with Au3+ in the pure aurum solution and in the aurum-containing wastewater were measured respectively at the different solution flow rates, and compared with the results under the static solution conditions. Experimental results indicated that the reaction rates in fluidization are notably higher than those in the static state and increase with the increase of solution flow rate. It demonstrates that the thickness of the concentration boundary layer is decreased and a uniform temperature field is established in the bed due to increasing of the turbulent extent with the relative fiber/solution velocity.展开更多
Most of the plant homeodomain-containing proteins play important roles in regulating cell differentiation and organ development,and Arabidopsis GLABRA2(GL2),a member of the class IV homeodomain-Leucine zipper(HD-ZIP) ...Most of the plant homeodomain-containing proteins play important roles in regulating cell differentiation and organ development,and Arabidopsis GLABRA2(GL2),a member of the class IV homeodomain-Leucine zipper(HD-ZIP) proteins,is a trichome and non-root hair cell regulator.We展开更多
The over-exploitation of fossil fuel energy has brought about serious environmental problems.It would be of great significance to construct efficient energy conversion and storage system to maximize utilize renewable ...The over-exploitation of fossil fuel energy has brought about serious environmental problems.It would be of great significance to construct efficient energy conversion and storage system to maximize utilize renewable energy,which contributes to reducing environmental hazards.For the past few years,in terms of electrocatalysis and energy storage,carbon fiber materials show great advantages due to its outstanding electrical conductivity,good flexibility and mechanical property.As a simple and low-cost technique,electrospinning can be employed to prepare various nanofibers.It is noted that the functional fiber materials with different special structure and composition can be obtained for energy conversion and storage by combining electrospinning with other post-processing.In this paper,the structural design,controllable synthesis and multifunctional applications of electrospinning-derived functional carbon-based materials(EFCMs)is reviewed.Firstly,we briefly introduce the history,basic principle and typical equipment of electrospinning.Then we discuss the strategies for preparing EFCMs with different structures and composition in detail.In addition,we show recently the application of advanced EFCMs in energy conversion and storage,such as nitrogen species reduction reaction,CO_(2) reduction reaction,oxygen reduction reaction,water-splitting,supercapacitors and ion batteries.In the end,we propose some perspectives on the future development direction of EFCMs.展开更多
High-power single-frequency fiber lasers with diffraction-limited spots are indispensable for a wide range of photonic applications and are particularly in advanced detection and sensing technologies.However,the simul...High-power single-frequency fiber lasers with diffraction-limited spots are indispensable for a wide range of photonic applications and are particularly in advanced detection and sensing technologies.However,the simultaneous achievement of kilowatt-level output power and diffraction-limited beam quality has remained elusive in all reported single-frequency fiber laser systems to date,primarily due to limitations imposed by the stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)effect and transverse mode instability(TMI)effect.In this study,we demonstrate the design and manufacturing of an ultra-low numerical aperture(NA)functional Yb-doped fiber featuring a bat-type refractive index distribution,specifically engineered for single-frequency laser amplification.In the fabrication,we implemented multiple chelate gas filling and particle deposition iterations,leading to an active fiber with a bat-type refractive index distribution.The unique capabilities of this large mode area and high-order modes leakage fiber(HOMLF)were demonstrated by stably amplifying the single-frequency laser with more than one kilowatt output power and near single mode beam quality(M_(x)^(2)=1.10,M_(x)^(2)=1.18)for the first time.This fiber design advances the leap forward in single-frequency fiber lasers,which could contribute as a novel and efficient laser amplification technique for the next generation of gravitational wave detection systems.展开更多
With the increasing demand for batteries,the real-time in situ monitoring of the physical/chemical state within the“black box”is critical to improving battery performance.Consequently,the development of a cost-effec...With the increasing demand for batteries,the real-time in situ monitoring of the physical/chemical state within the“black box”is critical to improving battery performance.Consequently,the development of a cost-effective and in situ battery monitoring system that does not interfere with the normal operation of the battery is imminent.Traditional monitoring techniques are constrained by size,reliability,and scalability.Optical fiber sensors offer a distinctive advantage in enabling highly sensitive,multiparameter in situ measurements in the harsh electrochemical environment of batteries.By decoding these characteristic parameters,it helps to establish the evolution mechanism of the battery’s safety state.Additionally,the integration of advanced lab-on-fiber technology with battery monitoring systems has attracted considerable attention.This review summarizes the recent advances in optical fiber sensing technology in the fields of battery temperature and mechanical stress/strain and provides an outlook on the future challenges and development of smart batteries.展开更多
Electrospinning is a straightforward and adaptable technique for creating ultrafine fibers with distinctive chemical and physical characteristics,making them widely applicable across diverse fields.The applications de...Electrospinning is a straightforward and adaptable technique for creating ultrafine fibers with distinctive chemical and physical characteristics,making them widely applicable across diverse fields.The applications depend on the richness of the morphology and structure of the electrospun fibers and adjustability of the surface properties.Traditional electrospinning is a dry process,with a solid collector,which has limited control over the fiber morphology and structure.Wet electrospinning replaces the traditional solid collector with a liquid coagulation bath,which can yield fibers with porous,bending,and twisting structures.In addition,the fiber surface can be modified and functionalized to prepare continuous nanofiber yarn,which considerably improves the performance of electrospun fibers in some applications.Wet electrospinning promotes the industrial production of electrospun fibers in the textile fields.Therefore,in view of the rapid development of wet electrospinning in the past few years,this paper briefly reviews the recent advances,including the basic principles,device modifications,novel morphologies and structures,and material and product applications.The study explores the research prospects and future development potential of wet electrospinning based on a careful review from the perspective of different application fields.展开更多
The pursuit of biomimetic fibers with simultaneous high toughness and strength persists,despite their inherent trade-offs.However,for artificial spider silk based on gel fiber,it is still unclear for the molecular cha...The pursuit of biomimetic fibers with simultaneous high toughness and strength persists,despite their inherent trade-offs.However,for artificial spider silk based on gel fiber,it is still unclear for the molecular chain attributes related to the improvement of the strength and toughness.Here,a hydrogel fiber was prepared by mimicking the molecular structure of natural spider silk,and we delved into the molecular chain structure characteristics related to the strength,toughness and damping capacity of gel fiber,such as crosslinking density,molecular chain orientation and hydrogen bond interaction.The results indicate that a certain increase in crosslinking density and molecular chain orientation contributes to the enhancement of tensile strength,while the toughness and damping remain essentially unaltered.The thermal dissociation of hydrogen bond could enhance the toughness in a specific range,while the humidity destruction of hydrogen bond would reduce the toughness.Through well-regulation control of the weight ratio of polyacrylamide(PAM)to poly(acrylic acid)(PAA),the PAM@PAA gel fibers could reach maximum breaking strength of 1.02 GPa,maximum toughness of 149 MJ m^(-3),and damping capacity of 95%.PAM@PAA gel fiber has demonstrated excellent wound healing performance and biocompatibility in vivo evaluation as a surgical suture,which indicates its potential in biomedical applications.展开更多
The research and applications of fiber materials are directly related to the daily life of social populace and the development of relevant revolutionary manufacturing industry.However,the conventional fibers and fiber...The research and applications of fiber materials are directly related to the daily life of social populace and the development of relevant revolutionary manufacturing industry.However,the conventional fibers and fiber products can no longer meet the requirements of automation and intellectualization in modern society,as well as people’s consumption needs in pursuit of smart,avant-grade,fashion and distinctiveness.The advanced fiber-shaped electronics with most desired designability and integration features have been explored and developed intensively during the last few years.The advanced fiber-based products such as wearable electronics and smart clothing can be employed as the second skin to enhance information exchange between humans and the external environment.In this review,the significant progress on flexible fiber-shaped multifunctional devices,including fiber-based energy harvesting devices,energy storage devices,chromatic devices,and actuators are discussed.Particularly,the fabrication procedures and application characteristics of multifunctional fiber devices such as fiber-shaped solar cells,lithium-ion batteries,actuators and electrochromic fibers are introduced in detail.Finally,we provide our perspectives on the challenges and future development of functional fiber-shaped devices.展开更多
The effects of ultra-high pressure treatment on structural and functional properties of dietary fiber from pomelo fruitlets were analyzed.The results showed that ultra-high treatment changed monosaccharide composition...The effects of ultra-high pressure treatment on structural and functional properties of dietary fiber from pomelo fruitlets were analyzed.The results showed that ultra-high treatment changed monosaccharide composition,increased total dietary fiber and soluble dietary fiber from pomelo fruitlets,especially at 400 MPa where soluble dietary fiber was greatly increased from 32.49%±0.23%to 41.92%±0.32%as compared to native one(p<0.05).Besides,ultra-high pressure treatment enhanced water-and oil-holding capacity,as well as swelling capacity of dietary fiber,which were related to its more porous structure and hydrophobic groups.Crystallinity and thermal stability of ultra-high pressure modified dietary fibers increased.Moreover,ultra-high pressure modified dietary fibers possessed stronger bile acid binding and pancreatic lipase inhibition capacities,suggesting its better potential in vitro hypolipidemic activity.Our findings suggested that ultra-high pressure treatment is a promising method to obtain dietary fiber with excellent functional properties,and can provide a basis for the high-value utilization of pomelo fruitlets as functional food with blood-lipid regulation.展开更多
The success of high-power fiber lasers is fueled by maturation of active and passive fibers,combined with the availability of high-power fiber-based components.In this contribution,we first overview the enormous poten...The success of high-power fiber lasers is fueled by maturation of active and passive fibers,combined with the availability of high-power fiber-based components.In this contribution,we first overview the enormous potential of rare-earth doped fibers in spectral coverage and recent developments of key fiber-based components employed in high-power laser systems.Subsequently,the emerging functional active and passive fibers in recent years,which exhibit tremendous advantages in balancing or mitigating parasitic nonlinearities hindering high-power transmission,are outlined from the perspectives of geo-metric and material engineering.Finally,novel functional applications of conventional fiber-based components for nonlinear suppression or spatial mode selection,and correspondingly,the high-power progress of function fiber-based components in power handling are introduced,which suggest more flexible controllability on high-power laser operations.展开更多
Wearable tensile strain sensors have attracted substantial research interest due to their great potential in applications for the real-time detection of human motion and health through the construction of body-sensing...Wearable tensile strain sensors have attracted substantial research interest due to their great potential in applications for the real-time detection of human motion and health through the construction of body-sensing networks.Conventional devices,however,are constantly demonstrated in non-real world scenarios,where changes in body temperature and humidity are ignored,which results in questionable sensing accuracy and reliability in practical applications.In this work,a fabric-like strain sensor is developed by fabricating graphene-modified Calotropis gigantea yarn and elastic yarn(i.e.Spandex)into an independently crossed structure,enabling the sensor with tunable sensitivity by directly altering the sensor width.The sensor possesses excellent breathability,allowing water vapor generated by body skin to be discharged into the environment(the water evaporation rate is approximately 2.03 kg m^(-2) h^(-1))and creating a pleasing microenvironment between the sensor and the skin by avoiding the hindering of perspiration release.More importantly,the sensor is shown to have a sensing stability towards changes in temperature and humidity,implementing sensing reliability against complex and changeable wearable microclimate.By wearing the sensor at various locations of the human body,a full-range body area sensing network for monitoring various body movements and vital signs,such as speaking,coughing,breathing and walking,is successfully dem-onstrated.It provides a new route for achieving wearing-comfortable,high-performance and sensing-reliable strain sensors.展开更多
In this paper,both steady-state and transient thermal simulations were performed on functional fibers having an embedded electronic chip acting as a heat source.Simulations were conducted for a range of different fibe...In this paper,both steady-state and transient thermal simulations were performed on functional fibers having an embedded electronic chip acting as a heat source.Simulations were conducted for a range of different fiber materials and arbitrary fiber cross-sectional shapes.We show that under steady-state heating conditions,the thermal response for any arbitrary fiber shape and fiber material system was convection dominated regardless of the effective thermal conductivity of the fiber,and that the corresponding temperature rise within the fiber can be predicted analytically allowing for the maximum temperature to be estimated for any known heat load and fiber geometry.In the case of transient heating,we show that for pulsed power operation of the embedded electronic device,the maximum temperature reached in the fiber is always greater than the maximum temperature of the equivalent steady-state average power.However,high peak powers can be safely achieved if the power-on pulse time and duty cycle are selected to limit the maximum temperature reached in the fiber.Based on the results from the transient simulations,a set of criteria was developed to determine whether the operating conditions would be:(1)allowable for the fiber system,thus requiring no transient simulations,(2)requiring a transient simulation to verify that the maximum temperature is acceptable,and(3)the operating conditions are too severe and device operation at these conditions are not practical.展开更多
基金supported by the EU Horizon 2020 through project ETEXWELD-H2020-MSCA-RISE-2014(Grant No.644268)The University of Manchester through UMRI project“Graphene-Smart Textiles E-Healthcare Network”(AA14512)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22075046).
文摘Wearable strain sensors are arousing increasing research interests in recent years on account of their potentials in motion detection,personal and public healthcare,future entertainment,man-machine interaction,artificial intelligence,and so forth.Much research has focused on fiber-based sensors due to the appealing performance of fibers,including processing flexibility,wearing comfortability,outstanding lifetime and serviceability,low-cost and large-scale capacity.Herein,we review the latest advances in functionalization and device fabrication of fiber materials toward applications in fiber-based wearable strain sensors.We describe the approaches for preparing conductive fibers such as spinning,surface modification,and structural transformation.We also introduce the fabrication and sensing mechanisms of state-of-the-art sensors and analyze their merits and demerits.The applications toward motion detection,healthcare,man-machine interaction,future entertainment,and multifunctional sensing are summarized with typical examples.We finally critically analyze tough challenges and future remarks of fiber-based strain sensors,aiming to implement them in real applications.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21602162 and 31690090)the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2016ZX08005003-001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.104862016)
文摘Due to the economic value of natural textile fiber, cotton has attracted much research attention, which has led to the publication of two diploid genomes and two tetraploid genomes. These big data facilitate functional genomic study in cotton, and allow researchers to investigate cotton genome structure, gene expression, and protein function on the global scale using high-throughput methods. In this review, we summarized recent studies of cotton genomes. Population genomic analyses revealed the domestication history of cultivated upland cotton and the roles of transposable elements in cotton genome evolution.Alternative splicing of cotton transcriptomes was evaluated genome-widely. Several important gene families like MYC, NAC, Sus and GhPLDal were systematically identified and classified based on genetic structure and biological function. High-throughput proteomics also unraveled the key functional proteins correlated with fiber development. Functional genomic studies have provided unprecedented insights into global-scale methods for cotton research.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11527808)the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China(Grant No.2014CB340103)+3 种基金the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20120032110055)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,China(Grant No.14JCQNJC02300)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University,Chinathe Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities,China(Grant No.B07014)
文摘We study the photon statistics of pulse-pumped four-wave mixing in fibers with weak coherent signal injection by measuring the intensity correlation functions of individual signal and idler fields. The experimental results show that the intensity correlation function of individual signal（idler） field g_（s（i））^（2） decreases with the intensity of signal injection. After applying narrow band filter in signal（idler） band, the value of g_（s（i））^（2） decreases from 1.9 ± 0.02（1.9 ± 0.02） to 1.03 ± 0.02（1.05 ± 0.02） when the intensity of signal injection varies from 0 to 120 photons/pulse. The results indicate that the photon statistics changes from Bose–Einstein distribution to Poisson distribution. We calculate the intensity correlation functions by using the multi-mode theory of four-wave mixing in fibers. The theoretical curves well fit the experimental results.Our investigation will be useful for mitigating the crosstalk between quantum and classical channels in a dense wavelength division multiplexing network.
基金This work was funded by grants fromthe National Basic Research and Development Program(2004CB117304)the Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China (2007AA10Z115)
文摘As a major raw material for the textile industry and the most important fiber crop in the world,cotton is of great significance in Chinese economy.The development of cotton fiber can be divided
基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (№: 970513) and The High Technology Research and Development Program of China (№: 863-715-004-0240)
文摘The recovery of Au by activated carbon fibers (ACFs) was carried out in a 40mm diameter, 1200mm height fluidized bed. The rates of reaction of the functional fibers with Au3+ in the pure aurum solution and in the aurum-containing wastewater were measured respectively at the different solution flow rates, and compared with the results under the static solution conditions. Experimental results indicated that the reaction rates in fluidization are notably higher than those in the static state and increase with the increase of solution flow rate. It demonstrates that the thickness of the concentration boundary layer is decreased and a uniform temperature field is established in the bed due to increasing of the turbulent extent with the relative fiber/solution velocity.
文摘Most of the plant homeodomain-containing proteins play important roles in regulating cell differentiation and organ development,and Arabidopsis GLABRA2(GL2),a member of the class IV homeodomain-Leucine zipper(HD-ZIP) proteins,is a trichome and non-root hair cell regulator.We
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022QE076)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52202092)。
文摘The over-exploitation of fossil fuel energy has brought about serious environmental problems.It would be of great significance to construct efficient energy conversion and storage system to maximize utilize renewable energy,which contributes to reducing environmental hazards.For the past few years,in terms of electrocatalysis and energy storage,carbon fiber materials show great advantages due to its outstanding electrical conductivity,good flexibility and mechanical property.As a simple and low-cost technique,electrospinning can be employed to prepare various nanofibers.It is noted that the functional fiber materials with different special structure and composition can be obtained for energy conversion and storage by combining electrospinning with other post-processing.In this paper,the structural design,controllable synthesis and multifunctional applications of electrospinning-derived functional carbon-based materials(EFCMs)is reviewed.Firstly,we briefly introduce the history,basic principle and typical equipment of electrospinning.Then we discuss the strategies for preparing EFCMs with different structures and composition in detail.In addition,we show recently the application of advanced EFCMs in energy conversion and storage,such as nitrogen species reduction reaction,CO_(2) reduction reaction,oxygen reduction reaction,water-splitting,supercapacitors and ion batteries.In the end,we propose some perspectives on the future development direction of EFCMs.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3606400).
文摘High-power single-frequency fiber lasers with diffraction-limited spots are indispensable for a wide range of photonic applications and are particularly in advanced detection and sensing technologies.However,the simultaneous achievement of kilowatt-level output power and diffraction-limited beam quality has remained elusive in all reported single-frequency fiber laser systems to date,primarily due to limitations imposed by the stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)effect and transverse mode instability(TMI)effect.In this study,we demonstrate the design and manufacturing of an ultra-low numerical aperture(NA)functional Yb-doped fiber featuring a bat-type refractive index distribution,specifically engineered for single-frequency laser amplification.In the fabrication,we implemented multiple chelate gas filling and particle deposition iterations,leading to an active fiber with a bat-type refractive index distribution.The unique capabilities of this large mode area and high-order modes leakage fiber(HOMLF)were demonstrated by stably amplifying the single-frequency laser with more than one kilowatt output power and near single mode beam quality(M_(x)^(2)=1.10,M_(x)^(2)=1.18)for the first time.This fiber design advances the leap forward in single-frequency fiber lasers,which could contribute as a novel and efficient laser amplification technique for the next generation of gravitational wave detection systems.
基金support by the National Key Research and Development Program(2023YFB2503700)the Tsinghua University-China Petrochemical Corporation Joint Institute for Green Chemical Engineering(224247)+1 种基金the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(Z2311-00006123003)the National Science Foundation of China(22071133).
文摘With the increasing demand for batteries,the real-time in situ monitoring of the physical/chemical state within the“black box”is critical to improving battery performance.Consequently,the development of a cost-effective and in situ battery monitoring system that does not interfere with the normal operation of the battery is imminent.Traditional monitoring techniques are constrained by size,reliability,and scalability.Optical fiber sensors offer a distinctive advantage in enabling highly sensitive,multiparameter in situ measurements in the harsh electrochemical environment of batteries.By decoding these characteristic parameters,it helps to establish the evolution mechanism of the battery’s safety state.Additionally,the integration of advanced lab-on-fiber technology with battery monitoring systems has attracted considerable attention.This review summarizes the recent advances in optical fiber sensing technology in the fields of battery temperature and mechanical stress/strain and provides an outlook on the future challenges and development of smart batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22103045 and 52273077)State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials(KF2315)the State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles,Qingdao University(ZDKT202108 and G2RC202022).
文摘Electrospinning is a straightforward and adaptable technique for creating ultrafine fibers with distinctive chemical and physical characteristics,making them widely applicable across diverse fields.The applications depend on the richness of the morphology and structure of the electrospun fibers and adjustability of the surface properties.Traditional electrospinning is a dry process,with a solid collector,which has limited control over the fiber morphology and structure.Wet electrospinning replaces the traditional solid collector with a liquid coagulation bath,which can yield fibers with porous,bending,and twisting structures.In addition,the fiber surface can be modified and functionalized to prepare continuous nanofiber yarn,which considerably improves the performance of electrospun fibers in some applications.Wet electrospinning promotes the industrial production of electrospun fibers in the textile fields.Therefore,in view of the rapid development of wet electrospinning in the past few years,this paper briefly reviews the recent advances,including the basic principles,device modifications,novel morphologies and structures,and material and product applications.The study explores the research prospects and future development potential of wet electrospinning based on a careful review from the perspective of different application fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52350120,52090034,52225306,22371300,22405134)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3807103,2022YFA1203304)+8 种基金the Frontiers Science Center for Table Organic Matter,Nankai University(63181206)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(63171219)the Lingyu Grant(2021-JCJQ-JJ-1064)the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Cooperation Project(J230023)the Anhui Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Tackling Program(202423i08050057)the Tianjin Science and Technology Program(22JCYBJC01260)the Tianjin Basic Application Research Project(22JCYBJC01260)supported by the User Experiment Assist System of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)Beijing Synchronization Radiation Facility(BSRF)。
文摘The pursuit of biomimetic fibers with simultaneous high toughness and strength persists,despite their inherent trade-offs.However,for artificial spider silk based on gel fiber,it is still unclear for the molecular chain attributes related to the improvement of the strength and toughness.Here,a hydrogel fiber was prepared by mimicking the molecular structure of natural spider silk,and we delved into the molecular chain structure characteristics related to the strength,toughness and damping capacity of gel fiber,such as crosslinking density,molecular chain orientation and hydrogen bond interaction.The results indicate that a certain increase in crosslinking density and molecular chain orientation contributes to the enhancement of tensile strength,while the toughness and damping remain essentially unaltered.The thermal dissociation of hydrogen bond could enhance the toughness in a specific range,while the humidity destruction of hydrogen bond would reduce the toughness.Through well-regulation control of the weight ratio of polyacrylamide(PAM)to poly(acrylic acid)(PAA),the PAM@PAA gel fibers could reach maximum breaking strength of 1.02 GPa,maximum toughness of 149 MJ m^(-3),and damping capacity of 95%.PAM@PAA gel fiber has demonstrated excellent wound healing performance and biocompatibility in vivo evaluation as a surgical suture,which indicates its potential in biomedical applications.
基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality[16JC1400700]the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities[No.111-2-04]+2 种基金the Innovative Research Team in University[IRT_16R13].C.H.thanks the Natural Science Foundation of China[No.51603037]DHU Distinguished Young Professor Program[LZB2019002]Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST[2017QNRC001].
文摘The research and applications of fiber materials are directly related to the daily life of social populace and the development of relevant revolutionary manufacturing industry.However,the conventional fibers and fiber products can no longer meet the requirements of automation and intellectualization in modern society,as well as people’s consumption needs in pursuit of smart,avant-grade,fashion and distinctiveness.The advanced fiber-shaped electronics with most desired designability and integration features have been explored and developed intensively during the last few years.The advanced fiber-based products such as wearable electronics and smart clothing can be employed as the second skin to enhance information exchange between humans and the external environment.In this review,the significant progress on flexible fiber-shaped multifunctional devices,including fiber-based energy harvesting devices,energy storage devices,chromatic devices,and actuators are discussed.Particularly,the fabrication procedures and application characteristics of multifunctional fiber devices such as fiber-shaped solar cells,lithium-ion batteries,actuators and electrochromic fibers are introduced in detail.Finally,we provide our perspectives on the challenges and future development of functional fiber-shaped devices.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 22038012)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian,China(grant number 2022N3011)+1 种基金Research Foundation of Jimei University(grant number ZQ2020006,ZR2020004)Xiamen Ocean and Fishery Development Special Fund project(grant number 21CZP005HJ07).
文摘The effects of ultra-high pressure treatment on structural and functional properties of dietary fiber from pomelo fruitlets were analyzed.The results showed that ultra-high treatment changed monosaccharide composition,increased total dietary fiber and soluble dietary fiber from pomelo fruitlets,especially at 400 MPa where soluble dietary fiber was greatly increased from 32.49%±0.23%to 41.92%±0.32%as compared to native one(p<0.05).Besides,ultra-high pressure treatment enhanced water-and oil-holding capacity,as well as swelling capacity of dietary fiber,which were related to its more porous structure and hydrophobic groups.Crystallinity and thermal stability of ultra-high pressure modified dietary fibers increased.Moreover,ultra-high pressure modified dietary fibers possessed stronger bile acid binding and pancreatic lipase inhibition capacities,suggesting its better potential in vitro hypolipidemic activity.Our findings suggested that ultra-high pressure treatment is a promising method to obtain dietary fiber with excellent functional properties,and can provide a basis for the high-value utilization of pomelo fruitlets as functional food with blood-lipid regulation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62035015,No.61805280,No.62061136013)Innovation Group of Hunan Province,China(No.2019JJ10005)+1 种基金Hunan Innovative Province Construction Project,China(No.2019RS3017)the Research Plan of National University of Defense Technology(No.ZK19-07).
文摘The success of high-power fiber lasers is fueled by maturation of active and passive fibers,combined with the availability of high-power fiber-based components.In this contribution,we first overview the enormous potential of rare-earth doped fibers in spectral coverage and recent developments of key fiber-based components employed in high-power laser systems.Subsequently,the emerging functional active and passive fibers in recent years,which exhibit tremendous advantages in balancing or mitigating parasitic nonlinearities hindering high-power transmission,are outlined from the perspectives of geo-metric and material engineering.Finally,novel functional applications of conventional fiber-based components for nonlinear suppression or spatial mode selection,and correspondingly,the high-power progress of function fiber-based components in power handling are introduced,which suggest more flexible controllability on high-power laser operations.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFE0111100)Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(KY202201002)+3 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(BZ2022017)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(21015800600)We would like to thank the China National Textile and Apparel Council(J202002)Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center(XJFZ/2021/7),projects with number 2021-fx010104 for their support.
文摘Wearable tensile strain sensors have attracted substantial research interest due to their great potential in applications for the real-time detection of human motion and health through the construction of body-sensing networks.Conventional devices,however,are constantly demonstrated in non-real world scenarios,where changes in body temperature and humidity are ignored,which results in questionable sensing accuracy and reliability in practical applications.In this work,a fabric-like strain sensor is developed by fabricating graphene-modified Calotropis gigantea yarn and elastic yarn(i.e.Spandex)into an independently crossed structure,enabling the sensor with tunable sensitivity by directly altering the sensor width.The sensor possesses excellent breathability,allowing water vapor generated by body skin to be discharged into the environment(the water evaporation rate is approximately 2.03 kg m^(-2) h^(-1))and creating a pleasing microenvironment between the sensor and the skin by avoiding the hindering of perspiration release.More importantly,the sensor is shown to have a sensing stability towards changes in temperature and humidity,implementing sensing reliability against complex and changeable wearable microclimate.By wearing the sensor at various locations of the human body,a full-range body area sensing network for monitoring various body movements and vital signs,such as speaking,coughing,breathing and walking,is successfully dem-onstrated.It provides a new route for achieving wearing-comfortable,high-performance and sensing-reliable strain sensors.
基金This material is based upon work supported under Air Force Contract No.FA8702-15-D-0001.
文摘In this paper,both steady-state and transient thermal simulations were performed on functional fibers having an embedded electronic chip acting as a heat source.Simulations were conducted for a range of different fiber materials and arbitrary fiber cross-sectional shapes.We show that under steady-state heating conditions,the thermal response for any arbitrary fiber shape and fiber material system was convection dominated regardless of the effective thermal conductivity of the fiber,and that the corresponding temperature rise within the fiber can be predicted analytically allowing for the maximum temperature to be estimated for any known heat load and fiber geometry.In the case of transient heating,we show that for pulsed power operation of the embedded electronic device,the maximum temperature reached in the fiber is always greater than the maximum temperature of the equivalent steady-state average power.However,high peak powers can be safely achieved if the power-on pulse time and duty cycle are selected to limit the maximum temperature reached in the fiber.Based on the results from the transient simulations,a set of criteria was developed to determine whether the operating conditions would be:(1)allowable for the fiber system,thus requiring no transient simulations,(2)requiring a transient simulation to verify that the maximum temperature is acceptable,and(3)the operating conditions are too severe and device operation at these conditions are not practical.
