There are many papers related to stability, some on suppression or on stabilization are one type of them. Functional differential systems are common and important in practice. They are special situations of neutral di...There are many papers related to stability, some on suppression or on stabilization are one type of them. Functional differential systems are common and important in practice. They are special situations of neutral differential systems and generalization of ordinary differential systems. We discussed conditions on suppression on functional system with Markovian switching in our previous work: “Suppression of Functional System with Markovian Switching”. Based on it, by slightly modifying and adding some conditions, we get this paper. In this paper, we will study a functional system whose coefficient satisfies the local Lipschitz condition and the one-sided polynomial growth condition under Markovian switching. By introducing two appropriate intensity Brownian noise, we find the potential explosion system stabilized.展开更多
The fractional quantum Hall effect remains a captivating area in condensed matter physics,characterized by strongly correlated topological order,which manifests as fractionalized excitations and anyonic statistics.Num...The fractional quantum Hall effect remains a captivating area in condensed matter physics,characterized by strongly correlated topological order,which manifests as fractionalized excitations and anyonic statistics.Numerical simulations,such as exact diagonalization,density matrix renormalization groups,matrix product states,and Monte Carlo methods are essential for examining the properties of strongly correlated systems.Recently,density functional theory has been employed in this field within the framework of composite fermion theory.This paper systematically evaluates how density functional theory approaches have addressed fundamental challenges in fractional quantum Hall systems,including ground state and low-energy excitations.Special attention is given to the insights provided by density functional theory regarding composite fermion behavior,edge effects,and the nature of fractional charge and magnetoroton excitations.The discussion critically examines both the advantages and limitations of these approaches,while highlighting the productive interplay between numerical simulations and theoretical models.Future directions are explored,particularly the promising potential of time-dependent density functional theory for modeling non-equilibrium dynamics in quantum Hall systems.展开更多
The mature central nervous system(CNS,composed of the brain,spinal cord,olfactory and optic nerves)is unable to regenerate spontaneously after an insult,both in the cases of neurodegenerative diseases(for example Alzh...The mature central nervous system(CNS,composed of the brain,spinal cord,olfactory and optic nerves)is unable to regenerate spontaneously after an insult,both in the cases of neurodegenerative diseases(for example Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease)or traumatic injuries(such as spinal cord lesions).In the last 20 years,the field has made significant progress in unlocking axon regrowth.展开更多
This paper is concerned with event-triggered control of discrete-time systems with or without input saturation.First,an accumulative-error-based event-triggered scheme is devised for control updates.When the accumulat...This paper is concerned with event-triggered control of discrete-time systems with or without input saturation.First,an accumulative-error-based event-triggered scheme is devised for control updates.When the accumulated error between the current state and the latest control update exceeds a certain threshold,an event is triggered.Such a scheme can ensure the event-generator works at a relatively low rate rather than falls into hibernation especially after the system steps into its steady state.Second,the looped functional method for continuous-time systems is extended to discrete-time systems.By introducing an innovative looped functional that links the event-triggered scheme,some sufficient conditions for the co-design of control gain and event-triggered parameters are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities with a couple of tuning parameters.Then,the proposed method is applied to discrete-time systems with input saturation.As a result,both suitable control gains and event-triggered parameters are also co-designed to ensure the system trajectories converge to the region of attraction.Finally,an unstable reactor system and an inverted pendulum system are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
This paper proposed a new systematic approach-functional evidential reasoning model(FERM) for exploring hazardous chemical operational accidents under uncertainty. First, FERM was introduced to identify various causal...This paper proposed a new systematic approach-functional evidential reasoning model(FERM) for exploring hazardous chemical operational accidents under uncertainty. First, FERM was introduced to identify various causal factors and their performance changes in hazardous chemical operational accidents, along with determining the functional failure link relationships. Subsequently, FERM was employed to elucidate both qualitative and quantitative operational accident information within a unified framework, which could be regarded as the input of information fusion to obtain the fuzzy belief distribution of each cause factor. Finally, the derived risk values of the causal factors were ranked while constructing multi-level accident causation chains to unveil the weak links in system functionality and the primary roots of operational accidents. Using the specific case of the “1·15” major explosion and fire accident at Liaoning Panjin Haoye Chemical Co., Ltd., seven causal factors and their corresponding performance changes were identified. Additionally, five accident causation chains were uncovered based on the fuzzy joint distribution of the functional assessment level(FAL) and reliability distribution(RD),revealing an overall increase in risk along the accident evolution path. The research findings demonstrated that FERM enabled the effective characterization, rational quantification and accurate analysis of the inherent uncertainties in hazardous chemical operational accident risks from a systemic perspective.展开更多
A growing global population and the increasing prevalence of diet-related health issues such as“hidden hunger”,obesity,hypertension,and diabetes necessitate a fundamental rethinking of crop design and breeding.Synth...A growing global population and the increasing prevalence of diet-related health issues such as“hidden hunger”,obesity,hypertension,and diabetes necessitate a fundamental rethinking of crop design and breeding.Synthetic metabolic engineering offers a method to modify and redesign metabolic pathways to increase the nutritional value of crops.We summarize recent advances in the biofortification of key nutrients including provitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin B9,iron,zinc,anthocyanins,flavonoids,and unsaturated fatty acids.We discuss the potential of multi-gene stacking,gene editing,enzyme engineering,and artificial intelligence in synthetic metabolic engineering.We propose future research directions and potential solutions centered on leveraging AI-driven systems biology,precision gene editing,enzyme engineering,agrobacterium-mediated genotype-independent transformation,and modular metabolic engineering strategies to develop next-generation nutritionally enhanced super crops and transform global food systems.展开更多
Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in s...Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in spinal cord injury.Previous studies have shown that microglia can promote neuronal survival by phagocytosing dead cells and debris and by releasing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory factors.However,excessive activation of microglia can lead to persistent inflammation and contribute to the formation of glial scars,which hinder axonal regeneration.Despite this,the precise role and mechanisms of microglia during the acute phase of spinal cord injury remain controversial and poorly understood.To elucidate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury,we employed the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia.We observed that sustained depletion of microglia resulted in an expansion of the lesion area,downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and impaired functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Next,we generated a transgenic mouse line with conditional overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor specifically in microglia.We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia increased angiogenesis and blood flow following spinal cord injury and facilitated the recovery of hindlimb motor function.Additionally,brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the acute phase of spinal cord injury.Furthermore,through using specific transgenic mouse lines,TMEM119,and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX73086,we demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects were predominantly due to brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia rather than macrophages.In conclusion,our findings suggest the critical role of microglia in the formation of protective glial scars.Depleting microglia is detrimental to recovery of spinal cord injury,whereas targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy to enhance motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.展开更多
Freezing of gait is a significant and debilitating motor symptom often observed in individuals with Parkinson's disease.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging,along with its multi-level feature indice...Freezing of gait is a significant and debilitating motor symptom often observed in individuals with Parkinson's disease.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging,along with its multi-level feature indices,has provided a fresh perspective and valuable insight into the study of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.It has been revealed that Parkinson's disease is accompanied by widespread irregularities in inherent brain network activity.However,the effective integration of the multi-level indices of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging into clinical settings for the diagnosis of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease remains a challenge.Although previous studies have demonstrated that radiomics can extract optimal features as biomarkers to identify or predict diseases,a knowledge gap still exists in the field of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the ability of radiomics features based on multi-level indices of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging,along with clinical features,to distinguish between Parkinson's disease patients with and without freezing of gait.We recruited 28 patients with Parkinson's disease who had freezing of gait(15 men and 13 women,average age 63 years)and 30 patients with Parkinson's disease who had no freezing of gait(16 men and 14 women,average age 64 years).Magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained using a 3.0T scanner to extract the mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations,mean regional homogeneity,and degree centrality.Neurological and clinical characteristics were also evaluated.We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm to extract features and established feedforward neural network models based solely on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging indicators.We then performed predictive analysis of three distinct groups based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging indicators indicators combined with clinical features.Subsequently,we conducted 100 additional five-fold cross-validations to determine the most effective model for each classification task and evaluated the performance of the model using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.The results showed that when differentiating patients with Parkinson's disease who had freezing of gait from those who did not have freezing of gait,or from healthy controls,the models using only the mean regional homogeneity values achieved the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 0.750(with an accuracy of 70.9%)and 0.759(with an accuracy of 65.3%),respectively.When classifying patients with Parkinson's disease who had freezing of gait from those who had no freezing of gait,the model using the mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation values combined with two clinical features achieved the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.847(with an accuracy of 74.3%).The most significant features for patients with Parkinson's disease who had freezing of gait were amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation alterations in the left parahippocampal gyrus and two clinical characteristics:Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Hamilton Depression Scale scores.Our findings suggest that radiomics features derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging indices and clinical information can serve as valuable indices for the identification of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),defined as‘Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction’,are now considered a global health problem.There is a dearth of concepts and scales to assess the severity of th...BACKGROUND Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),defined as‘Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction’,are now considered a global health problem.There is a dearth of concepts and scales to assess the severity of the different symptoms encountered while dealing with the variety of FGIDs as described in the ROME IV classi-fication.We introduced a novel scoring system with the incorporation of 16 different symptoms called Bacharyya’s Questionnaire Scale and started using it while dealing with children suffering from FGIDs.AIM To verify the usefulness and applicability of this recently developed scale,this study was undertaken with the objectives to establish the validity of this scoring system in assessing the severity of symptoms associated with a specific FGID in children and to determine the scoring system's applicability in assessing the treatment response.METHODS The study included children aged 5 to 18 years diagnosed with any FGID based on ROME IV criteria.They completed the newly developed scale and a Visual Analog Scale at initial diagnosis and after a 2-month treatment period.A control group without FGID participated for comparative baseline purposes.Treatment response was defined as a less than or equal to 50%reduction in the total score,which is statistically significant.RESULTS Results from a comprehensive cohort of 190 cases and 90 controls indicated a female preponderance(57.9%)and prevalent disorders such as functional constipation(28%)and functional abdominal pain,not otherwise specified(21%).The grade of FGID(mild,moderate,severe)experienced by the patients was also derived.Post-treatment,96 children demonstrated symptom improvement.The Spearman rank correlation coefficient for pre(r=0.72,95%CI:0.65-0.77,P value<0.0001)and post(r=0.49,95%CI:0.3-0.64,P value<0.0001)treatment data showed positive results with significant P values.CONCLUSION The novel scoring system shows high comprehensibility and gives an objective view of the symptomatology of FGIDs.The use of this novel score in clinical settings will be helpful to typify the FGIDs and may significantly improve decision-making processes to initiate appropriate treatment.展开更多
This study investigates the properties of high-purity starches extracted from Polygonum multiflorum(PMS)and Smilax glabra(SGS).The starches were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fouriertransform infrared ...This study investigates the properties of high-purity starches extracted from Polygonum multiflorum(PMS)and Smilax glabra(SGS).The starches were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,high-performance anion-exchange chromatography,and differential scanning calorimetry.Significant differences were observed in their morphological,physicochemical,and functional properties.PMS had a smaller particle size(13.68 μm),irregular polygonal shape,A-type,lower water absorption(62.67 %),and higher oil absorption(51.17 %).In contrast,SGS exhibited larger particles(31.75 μm),a nearly spherical shape,B-type,higher crystallinity(50.66 %),and greater amylose content(21.54 %),with superior thermal stability,shear resistance,and gelatinization enthalpy.SGS also contained higher resistant starch(83.28 %) and longer average chain length(20.58 %),but showed lower solubility,swelling power,light transmittance,and freeze-thaw stability.The physicochemical properties differences in crystal pattern and particle morphology between PMS and SGS lead to distinct behaviors during in vitro digestion and fermentation.These findings highlight the potential of medicinal plant starches in functional ingredients and industrial processes.展开更多
Background:Live streaming has become a globally prevalent form of digital entertainment,particularly among young audiences,fostering new modes of online engagement through real-time interaction.However,excessive use m...Background:Live streaming has become a globally prevalent form of digital entertainment,particularly among young audiences,fostering new modes of online engagement through real-time interaction.However,excessive use may lead to addictive behaviors in certain users.Current research on live-streaming addiction remains limited,with prior studies focusing primarily on socio-psychological drivers rather than the role of technological affordances.To address this gap,this study develops a conceptual model based on socio-technical systems and attachment theory to investigate how emotional and functional attachment mediate the relationship between platform features and addictive behavior.Methods:A total of 533 valid responses were collected in a cross-sectional survey(mean age=26.4 years,standard deviation[SD]=4.7;53.8%female).Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling(SEM)to test the hypothesized relationships.Additionally,the potential mediating effects of emotional and functional attachment between the platform features and live-streaming addiction were examined using the Bootstrap method.Results:Social factors(perceived interactivity,β=0.204,p<0.001;perceived confirmation,β=0.379,p<0.001)and technical factors(perceived customization,β=0.227,p<0.001;perceived amusement,β=0.252,p<0.001;vicarious expression,β=0.352,p<0.001)significantly strengthen both emotional and functional attachment,which in turn positively predict live-streaming addiction(emotional attachment:β=0.468,p<0.001;functional attachment:β=0.393,p<0.001).Furthermore,emotional attachment exerted a stronger influence on addiction than functional attachment.Conclusions:These findings deepen the understanding of live-streaming addiction by integrating socio-technical perspectives and offer practical implications for stakeholders to mitigate negative outcomes through effective strategies.展开更多
The cochlea is one of the most complex organs in the human body,exhibiting a complex interplay of characteristics in acoustic,mechanical,electrical,and biological functions.Functional cochlea models are an essential p...The cochlea is one of the most complex organs in the human body,exhibiting a complex interplay of characteristics in acoustic,mechanical,electrical,and biological functions.Functional cochlea models are an essential platform for studying hearing mechanics and are crucial for developing next-generation auditory prostheses and artificial hearing systems for sensorineural hearing restoration.Recent advances in additive manufacturing,organ-on-a-chip models,drug delivery platforms,and artificial intelligence have provided valuable insights into how to manufacture artificial cochlea models that more accurately replicate the complex anatomy and physiology of the inner ear.This paper reviews recent advancements in the applications of advanced manufacturing techniques in reproducing the physical,biological,and intelligent functions of the cochlea.It also outlines the current challenges to developing mechanically,electrically,and anatomically accurate functional models of the inner ear.Finally,this review identifies the major requirements and outlook for impactful research in this field going forward.Through interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation,these functional cochlea models are poised to drive significant advancements in hearing treatments,and ultimately enhance the quality of life for individuals with hearing loss.展开更多
BACKGROUND Functional neurological disorder(FND)in children is a complex and multifaceted condition characterized by neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by organic pathology.Despite its prevalence,FND in pe...BACKGROUND Functional neurological disorder(FND)in children is a complex and multifaceted condition characterized by neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by organic pathology.Despite its prevalence,FND in pediatric populations remains under-researched,with challenges in diagnosis and management AIM To synthesize the current literature on FND in children,focusing on clinical presentation,diagnostic approaches,treatment strategies,and outcomes.METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases,including PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science,for articles published up to August 2024.Studies were included if they addressed FND in pediatric populations,specifically focusing on review articles,research articles,systematic reviews,meta-analyses,case reports,guidelines,expert opinions,and editorials.Data extraction and quality assessment were performed according to PRISMA guidelines.A total of 308 articles were included in the final analysis.RESULTS The analysis included 189 review articles,57 research articles,3 systematic reviews and meta-analyses,5 case reports,2 guidelines,5 expert opinions,and 2 editorials.Key findings revealed a broad spectrum of symptoms,including motor and sensory disturbances and psychological factors contributing to the onset and persistence of FND.Diagnostic challenges were frequently highlighted,emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches.Treatment strategies varied,with cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)and multidisciplinary care emerging as the most effective approaches.The outcomes varied,with early intervention being critical for a better prognosis.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care,including CBT,are critical for improving outcomes in pediatric FND.Standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols are needed to enhance clinical management.展开更多
This article takes the current autonomous driving technology as the research background and studies the collaborative protection mechanism between its system-on-chip(SoC)functional safety and information security.It i...This article takes the current autonomous driving technology as the research background and studies the collaborative protection mechanism between its system-on-chip(SoC)functional safety and information security.It includes an introduction to the functions and information security of autonomous driving SoCs,as well as the main design strategies for the collaborative prevention and control mechanism of SoC functional safety and information security in autonomous driving.The research shows that in the field of autonomous driving,there is a close connection between the functional safety of SoCs and their information security.In the design of the safety collaborative protection mechanism,the overall collaborative protection architecture,SoC functional safety protection mechanism,information security protection mechanism,the workflow of the collaborative protection mechanism,and its strategies are all key design elements.It is hoped that this analysis can provide some references for the collaborative protection of SoC functional safety and information security in the field of autonomous driving,so as to improve the safety of autonomous driving technology and meet its practical application requirements.展开更多
High entropy materials(HEMs)are the promising electrocatalysts for anion exchange membrane electrolyser(AEMs)and proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)due to the intriguing cocktail effect,wide design space,tailo...High entropy materials(HEMs)are the promising electrocatalysts for anion exchange membrane electrolyser(AEMs)and proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)due to the intriguing cocktail effect,wide design space,tailorable electronic structure,and entropy stabilization effect.The precise fabrication of HEMs with functional nanostructures provides a crucial avenue to optimize the adsorption strength and catalytic activity for electrocatalysis.This review comprehensively summarizes the development of HEMs,focusing on the principles and strategies of structural design,and the catalytic mechanism towards hydrogen evolution reaction,oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction for the development of high-performance electrocatalysts.The complexity inherent in the interactions between different elements,the changes in the d-band center and the Gibbs free energies during the catalytic progress,as well as the coordination environment of the active sites associated with the unique crystal structure to improve the catalytic performance are discussed.We also provide a perspective on the challenges and future development direction of HEMs in electrocatalysis.This review will contribute to the design and development of HEMs-based catalysts for the next generation of electrochemical applications.展开更多
In molybdenum chemistry,the oxidative addition of o-quinone or 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds to molybdenum has been widely used in Mo-catalyzed C—C bond construction.The carbonyl oxidative addition to Mo(0)or Mo(Ⅱ)is the...In molybdenum chemistry,the oxidative addition of o-quinone or 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds to molybdenum has been widely used in Mo-catalyzed C—C bond construction.The carbonyl oxidative addition to Mo(0)or Mo(Ⅱ)is the critical elementary reaction of molybdenum catalysis.However,the relevant density functional theory(DFT)studies are relatively scarce,especially regarding the rational selection of functionals.In this work,14 functionals were employed to investigate the Mo-catalyzed carbonyl oxidative addition step.A benchmark study was carried out to evaluate their performance in structure optimization and energy calculation.Analyses of mean absolute error(MAE)and mean squared error(MSE)indicated that the B3LYP-D3(BJ),TPSSh,and ωB97X-D functionals exhibited superior performance in structure optimization.Using the DLPNO-CCSD(T)functional as the reference,the M06,M06-L,and MN15-L functionals exhibited good performance for energy calculation based on the structures optimized using the B3LYP-D3(BJ)functional.In particular,MN15-L provided the best performance with the smallest MAE and MSE.展开更多
Photosynthesis of H_(2)O_(2)via sustainable biomass-derived carbon catalysts facilitate the conversion of renewable resources into valuable chemicals.However,the regulatory function of surface functional groups over r...Photosynthesis of H_(2)O_(2)via sustainable biomass-derived carbon catalysts facilitate the conversion of renewable resources into valuable chemicals.However,the regulatory function of surface functional groups over reaction kinetics has not been sufficiently investigated.Herein,hydrothermal carbon spheres(CS)rich in oxygencontaining functional groups demonstrated a remarkably high H_(2)O_(2)production rate(653μmol/(g·h))in both pure water and actual seawater,even in the absence of any sacrificial agent.Meanwhile,the catalyst demonstrates outstanding activity(92%conversion and>99%selectivity)in the visible-light-driven photocatalytic oxidation of benzylamine to imines.Comprehensive analysis reveals that CS was rich in surface oxygen-containing functional groups,a feature strongly associated with its high photocatalytic efficiency.The observed positive Zeta potential of CS in seawater likely diminished the electrostatic repulsion against the positively charged intermediates,thereby facilitating their accumulation at the liquid-solid interface.This work proposes a strategic framework for developing metal-free photocatalysts from biomass,offering a sustainable pathway for photocatalytic applications.展开更多
Nickel-catalyzed borylation of aryl nonaflates with B2pin2 could be realized,which proceeded effectively by means of C—O bond functionalization to afford a wide variety of valuable arylboronates in moderate to excell...Nickel-catalyzed borylation of aryl nonaflates with B2pin2 could be realized,which proceeded effectively by means of C—O bond functionalization to afford a wide variety of valuable arylboronates in moderate to excellent yields with good functionality compatibility.In addition,the gram-scale synthesis and the application of the approach in the late-stage elaboration of aryl nonaflate derived from pterostilbene could also be achieved.展开更多
Understanding the properties of warm dense hydrogen is of key importance for the modeling of compact astrophysical objects and to understand and further optimize inertial confinement fusion applications.The workhorse ...Understanding the properties of warm dense hydrogen is of key importance for the modeling of compact astrophysical objects and to understand and further optimize inertial confinement fusion applications.The workhorse of warm dense matter theory is thermal density functional theory(DFT),which,however,suffers from two limitations:(i)its accuracy can depend on the utilized exchange-correlation functional,which has to be approximated,and(ii)it is generally limited to single-electron properties such as the density distribution.Here,we present a new ansatz combining time-dependent DFT results for the dynamic structure factor S_(ee)(q,ω)with static DFT results for the density response.This allows us to estimate the electron-electron static structure factor S_(ee)(q)of warm dense hydrogen with high accuracy over a broad range of densities and temperatures.In addition to its value for the study of warm dense matter,our work opens up new avenues for the future study of electronic correlations exclusively within the framework of DFT for a host of applications.展开更多
Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),functional dyspepsia(FD),and gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),present persistent diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to s...Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),functional dyspepsia(FD),and gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),present persistent diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to symptom heterogeneity and the absence of reliable biomarkers.Artificial intelligence(AI)enables the integration of multimodal data to enhance FGID management through precision diagnostics and preventive healthcare.This minireview summarizes recent advancements in AI applications for FGIDs,highlighting progress in diagnostic accuracy,subtype classification,personalized interventions,and preventive strategies inspired by the traditional Chinese medicine concept of“treating the undiseased”.Machine learning and deep learning algorithms have demonstrated value in improving IBS diagnosis,refining FD neuro-gastrointestinal subtyping,and screening for GERD-related complications.Moreover,AI supports dietary,psychological,and integrative medicine-based interventions to improve patient adherence and quality of life.Nonetheless,key challenges remain,including data heterogeneity,limited model interpretability,and the need for robust clinical validation.Future directions emphasize interdisciplinary collaboration,the development of multimodal and explainable AI models,and the creation of patientcentered platforms to facilitate a shift from reactive treatment to proactive prevention.This review provides a systematic framework to guide the clinical application and theoretical innovation of AI in FGIDs.展开更多
文摘There are many papers related to stability, some on suppression or on stabilization are one type of them. Functional differential systems are common and important in practice. They are special situations of neutral differential systems and generalization of ordinary differential systems. We discussed conditions on suppression on functional system with Markovian switching in our previous work: “Suppression of Functional System with Markovian Switching”. Based on it, by slightly modifying and adding some conditions, we get this paper. In this paper, we will study a functional system whose coefficient satisfies the local Lipschitz condition and the one-sided polynomial growth condition under Markovian switching. By introducing two appropriate intensity Brownian noise, we find the potential explosion system stabilized.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.12474140 and 12347101supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.12204432+1 种基金supported by the graduate research and innovation foundation of Chongqing,China under Grant No.CYB25066the inaugural Doctoral Student Special Project of the China Association for Science and Technology Young Talents Lifting Program(2024)。
文摘The fractional quantum Hall effect remains a captivating area in condensed matter physics,characterized by strongly correlated topological order,which manifests as fractionalized excitations and anyonic statistics.Numerical simulations,such as exact diagonalization,density matrix renormalization groups,matrix product states,and Monte Carlo methods are essential for examining the properties of strongly correlated systems.Recently,density functional theory has been employed in this field within the framework of composite fermion theory.This paper systematically evaluates how density functional theory approaches have addressed fundamental challenges in fractional quantum Hall systems,including ground state and low-energy excitations.Special attention is given to the insights provided by density functional theory regarding composite fermion behavior,edge effects,and the nature of fractional charge and magnetoroton excitations.The discussion critically examines both the advantages and limitations of these approaches,while highlighting the productive interplay between numerical simulations and theoretical models.Future directions are explored,particularly the promising potential of time-dependent density functional theory for modeling non-equilibrium dynamics in quantum Hall systems.
基金supported by ANR(ANR-21CE16-0008-01)ANR(ANR-21-CE16-0008-02 and ANR-23CE52-0007)+1 种基金UNADEV(A22018CS)(to HN)UNADEV(A22020CS)(to SB)。
文摘The mature central nervous system(CNS,composed of the brain,spinal cord,olfactory and optic nerves)is unable to regenerate spontaneously after an insult,both in the cases of neurodegenerative diseases(for example Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease)or traumatic injuries(such as spinal cord lesions).In the last 20 years,the field has made significant progress in unlocking axon regrowth.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62473221)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2024MF006)Qingdao Natural Science Foundation(24-4-4-zrjj-165-jch)。
文摘This paper is concerned with event-triggered control of discrete-time systems with or without input saturation.First,an accumulative-error-based event-triggered scheme is devised for control updates.When the accumulated error between the current state and the latest control update exceeds a certain threshold,an event is triggered.Such a scheme can ensure the event-generator works at a relatively low rate rather than falls into hibernation especially after the system steps into its steady state.Second,the looped functional method for continuous-time systems is extended to discrete-time systems.By introducing an innovative looped functional that links the event-triggered scheme,some sufficient conditions for the co-design of control gain and event-triggered parameters are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities with a couple of tuning parameters.Then,the proposed method is applied to discrete-time systems with input saturation.As a result,both suitable control gains and event-triggered parameters are also co-designed to ensure the system trajectories converge to the region of attraction.Finally,an unstable reactor system and an inverted pendulum system are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2021YFB3301100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52004014)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZY2406).
文摘This paper proposed a new systematic approach-functional evidential reasoning model(FERM) for exploring hazardous chemical operational accidents under uncertainty. First, FERM was introduced to identify various causal factors and their performance changes in hazardous chemical operational accidents, along with determining the functional failure link relationships. Subsequently, FERM was employed to elucidate both qualitative and quantitative operational accident information within a unified framework, which could be regarded as the input of information fusion to obtain the fuzzy belief distribution of each cause factor. Finally, the derived risk values of the causal factors were ranked while constructing multi-level accident causation chains to unveil the weak links in system functionality and the primary roots of operational accidents. Using the specific case of the “1·15” major explosion and fire accident at Liaoning Panjin Haoye Chemical Co., Ltd., seven causal factors and their corresponding performance changes were identified. Additionally, five accident causation chains were uncovered based on the fuzzy joint distribution of the functional assessment level(FAL) and reliability distribution(RD),revealing an overall increase in risk along the accident evolution path. The research findings demonstrated that FERM enabled the effective characterization, rational quantification and accurate analysis of the inherent uncertainties in hazardous chemical operational accident risks from a systemic perspective.
基金supported by grants from the Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project(GKAA24206023)the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD04077)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272120)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFF1000800)the Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Precise Breeding of Future Crops Major Project(FCBRCE-202502,FCBRCE-202504).
文摘A growing global population and the increasing prevalence of diet-related health issues such as“hidden hunger”,obesity,hypertension,and diabetes necessitate a fundamental rethinking of crop design and breeding.Synthetic metabolic engineering offers a method to modify and redesign metabolic pathways to increase the nutritional value of crops.We summarize recent advances in the biofortification of key nutrients including provitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin B9,iron,zinc,anthocyanins,flavonoids,and unsaturated fatty acids.We discuss the potential of multi-gene stacking,gene editing,enzyme engineering,and artificial intelligence in synthetic metabolic engineering.We propose future research directions and potential solutions centered on leveraging AI-driven systems biology,precision gene editing,enzyme engineering,agrobacterium-mediated genotype-independent transformation,and modular metabolic engineering strategies to develop next-generation nutritionally enhanced super crops and transform global food systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82072165 and 82272256(both to XM)the Key Project of Xiangyang Central Hospital,No.2023YZ03(to RM)。
文摘Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in spinal cord injury.Previous studies have shown that microglia can promote neuronal survival by phagocytosing dead cells and debris and by releasing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory factors.However,excessive activation of microglia can lead to persistent inflammation and contribute to the formation of glial scars,which hinder axonal regeneration.Despite this,the precise role and mechanisms of microglia during the acute phase of spinal cord injury remain controversial and poorly understood.To elucidate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury,we employed the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia.We observed that sustained depletion of microglia resulted in an expansion of the lesion area,downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and impaired functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Next,we generated a transgenic mouse line with conditional overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor specifically in microglia.We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia increased angiogenesis and blood flow following spinal cord injury and facilitated the recovery of hindlimb motor function.Additionally,brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the acute phase of spinal cord injury.Furthermore,through using specific transgenic mouse lines,TMEM119,and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX73086,we demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects were predominantly due to brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia rather than macrophages.In conclusion,our findings suggest the critical role of microglia in the formation of protective glial scars.Depleting microglia is detrimental to recovery of spinal cord injury,whereas targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy to enhance motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82071909(to GF)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.2023-MS-07(to HL)。
文摘Freezing of gait is a significant and debilitating motor symptom often observed in individuals with Parkinson's disease.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging,along with its multi-level feature indices,has provided a fresh perspective and valuable insight into the study of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.It has been revealed that Parkinson's disease is accompanied by widespread irregularities in inherent brain network activity.However,the effective integration of the multi-level indices of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging into clinical settings for the diagnosis of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease remains a challenge.Although previous studies have demonstrated that radiomics can extract optimal features as biomarkers to identify or predict diseases,a knowledge gap still exists in the field of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the ability of radiomics features based on multi-level indices of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging,along with clinical features,to distinguish between Parkinson's disease patients with and without freezing of gait.We recruited 28 patients with Parkinson's disease who had freezing of gait(15 men and 13 women,average age 63 years)and 30 patients with Parkinson's disease who had no freezing of gait(16 men and 14 women,average age 64 years).Magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained using a 3.0T scanner to extract the mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations,mean regional homogeneity,and degree centrality.Neurological and clinical characteristics were also evaluated.We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm to extract features and established feedforward neural network models based solely on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging indicators.We then performed predictive analysis of three distinct groups based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging indicators indicators combined with clinical features.Subsequently,we conducted 100 additional five-fold cross-validations to determine the most effective model for each classification task and evaluated the performance of the model using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.The results showed that when differentiating patients with Parkinson's disease who had freezing of gait from those who did not have freezing of gait,or from healthy controls,the models using only the mean regional homogeneity values achieved the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 0.750(with an accuracy of 70.9%)and 0.759(with an accuracy of 65.3%),respectively.When classifying patients with Parkinson's disease who had freezing of gait from those who had no freezing of gait,the model using the mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation values combined with two clinical features achieved the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.847(with an accuracy of 74.3%).The most significant features for patients with Parkinson's disease who had freezing of gait were amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation alterations in the left parahippocampal gyrus and two clinical characteristics:Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Hamilton Depression Scale scores.Our findings suggest that radiomics features derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging indices and clinical information can serve as valuable indices for the identification of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.
文摘BACKGROUND Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),defined as‘Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction’,are now considered a global health problem.There is a dearth of concepts and scales to assess the severity of the different symptoms encountered while dealing with the variety of FGIDs as described in the ROME IV classi-fication.We introduced a novel scoring system with the incorporation of 16 different symptoms called Bacharyya’s Questionnaire Scale and started using it while dealing with children suffering from FGIDs.AIM To verify the usefulness and applicability of this recently developed scale,this study was undertaken with the objectives to establish the validity of this scoring system in assessing the severity of symptoms associated with a specific FGID in children and to determine the scoring system's applicability in assessing the treatment response.METHODS The study included children aged 5 to 18 years diagnosed with any FGID based on ROME IV criteria.They completed the newly developed scale and a Visual Analog Scale at initial diagnosis and after a 2-month treatment period.A control group without FGID participated for comparative baseline purposes.Treatment response was defined as a less than or equal to 50%reduction in the total score,which is statistically significant.RESULTS Results from a comprehensive cohort of 190 cases and 90 controls indicated a female preponderance(57.9%)and prevalent disorders such as functional constipation(28%)and functional abdominal pain,not otherwise specified(21%).The grade of FGID(mild,moderate,severe)experienced by the patients was also derived.Post-treatment,96 children demonstrated symptom improvement.The Spearman rank correlation coefficient for pre(r=0.72,95%CI:0.65-0.77,P value<0.0001)and post(r=0.49,95%CI:0.3-0.64,P value<0.0001)treatment data showed positive results with significant P values.CONCLUSION The novel scoring system shows high comprehensibility and gives an objective view of the symptomatology of FGIDs.The use of this novel score in clinical settings will be helpful to typify the FGIDs and may significantly improve decision-making processes to initiate appropriate treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82174074)。
文摘This study investigates the properties of high-purity starches extracted from Polygonum multiflorum(PMS)and Smilax glabra(SGS).The starches were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,high-performance anion-exchange chromatography,and differential scanning calorimetry.Significant differences were observed in their morphological,physicochemical,and functional properties.PMS had a smaller particle size(13.68 μm),irregular polygonal shape,A-type,lower water absorption(62.67 %),and higher oil absorption(51.17 %).In contrast,SGS exhibited larger particles(31.75 μm),a nearly spherical shape,B-type,higher crystallinity(50.66 %),and greater amylose content(21.54 %),with superior thermal stability,shear resistance,and gelatinization enthalpy.SGS also contained higher resistant starch(83.28 %) and longer average chain length(20.58 %),but showed lower solubility,swelling power,light transmittance,and freeze-thaw stability.The physicochemical properties differences in crystal pattern and particle morphology between PMS and SGS lead to distinct behaviors during in vitro digestion and fermentation.These findings highlight the potential of medicinal plant starches in functional ingredients and industrial processes.
基金funded by the Social Science Major Project of Tianjin Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.2025JWZD-GJ26).
文摘Background:Live streaming has become a globally prevalent form of digital entertainment,particularly among young audiences,fostering new modes of online engagement through real-time interaction.However,excessive use may lead to addictive behaviors in certain users.Current research on live-streaming addiction remains limited,with prior studies focusing primarily on socio-psychological drivers rather than the role of technological affordances.To address this gap,this study develops a conceptual model based on socio-technical systems and attachment theory to investigate how emotional and functional attachment mediate the relationship between platform features and addictive behavior.Methods:A total of 533 valid responses were collected in a cross-sectional survey(mean age=26.4 years,standard deviation[SD]=4.7;53.8%female).Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling(SEM)to test the hypothesized relationships.Additionally,the potential mediating effects of emotional and functional attachment between the platform features and live-streaming addiction were examined using the Bootstrap method.Results:Social factors(perceived interactivity,β=0.204,p<0.001;perceived confirmation,β=0.379,p<0.001)and technical factors(perceived customization,β=0.227,p<0.001;perceived amusement,β=0.252,p<0.001;vicarious expression,β=0.352,p<0.001)significantly strengthen both emotional and functional attachment,which in turn positively predict live-streaming addiction(emotional attachment:β=0.468,p<0.001;functional attachment:β=0.393,p<0.001).Furthermore,emotional attachment exerted a stronger influence on addiction than functional attachment.Conclusions:These findings deepen the understanding of live-streaming addiction by integrating socio-technical perspectives and offer practical implications for stakeholders to mitigate negative outcomes through effective strategies.
基金support from the UCL GRS/ORS scholarshipUCL Fellowship Incubator Award+9 种基金supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre(NIHR203312)funded by the Royal National Institute for Deaf People(RNID,G100138)funded by the Rosetrees Trust Enterprise Fellowship(EF2020100099)RNID Flexigrant(F112)Wellcome Trust Developing Concept Fund(RG93172/BANCE/40181)by the Evelyn Trustfunded by the Woolf Fisher Trust,New Zealandthe Cambridge Commonwealth,European,&International Trustby Trinity CollegeUniversity of Cambridge。
文摘The cochlea is one of the most complex organs in the human body,exhibiting a complex interplay of characteristics in acoustic,mechanical,electrical,and biological functions.Functional cochlea models are an essential platform for studying hearing mechanics and are crucial for developing next-generation auditory prostheses and artificial hearing systems for sensorineural hearing restoration.Recent advances in additive manufacturing,organ-on-a-chip models,drug delivery platforms,and artificial intelligence have provided valuable insights into how to manufacture artificial cochlea models that more accurately replicate the complex anatomy and physiology of the inner ear.This paper reviews recent advancements in the applications of advanced manufacturing techniques in reproducing the physical,biological,and intelligent functions of the cochlea.It also outlines the current challenges to developing mechanically,electrically,and anatomically accurate functional models of the inner ear.Finally,this review identifies the major requirements and outlook for impactful research in this field going forward.Through interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation,these functional cochlea models are poised to drive significant advancements in hearing treatments,and ultimately enhance the quality of life for individuals with hearing loss.
文摘BACKGROUND Functional neurological disorder(FND)in children is a complex and multifaceted condition characterized by neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by organic pathology.Despite its prevalence,FND in pediatric populations remains under-researched,with challenges in diagnosis and management AIM To synthesize the current literature on FND in children,focusing on clinical presentation,diagnostic approaches,treatment strategies,and outcomes.METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases,including PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science,for articles published up to August 2024.Studies were included if they addressed FND in pediatric populations,specifically focusing on review articles,research articles,systematic reviews,meta-analyses,case reports,guidelines,expert opinions,and editorials.Data extraction and quality assessment were performed according to PRISMA guidelines.A total of 308 articles were included in the final analysis.RESULTS The analysis included 189 review articles,57 research articles,3 systematic reviews and meta-analyses,5 case reports,2 guidelines,5 expert opinions,and 2 editorials.Key findings revealed a broad spectrum of symptoms,including motor and sensory disturbances and psychological factors contributing to the onset and persistence of FND.Diagnostic challenges were frequently highlighted,emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches.Treatment strategies varied,with cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)and multidisciplinary care emerging as the most effective approaches.The outcomes varied,with early intervention being critical for a better prognosis.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care,including CBT,are critical for improving outcomes in pediatric FND.Standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols are needed to enhance clinical management.
文摘This article takes the current autonomous driving technology as the research background and studies the collaborative protection mechanism between its system-on-chip(SoC)functional safety and information security.It includes an introduction to the functions and information security of autonomous driving SoCs,as well as the main design strategies for the collaborative prevention and control mechanism of SoC functional safety and information security in autonomous driving.The research shows that in the field of autonomous driving,there is a close connection between the functional safety of SoCs and their information security.In the design of the safety collaborative protection mechanism,the overall collaborative protection architecture,SoC functional safety protection mechanism,information security protection mechanism,the workflow of the collaborative protection mechanism,and its strategies are all key design elements.It is hoped that this analysis can provide some references for the collaborative protection of SoC functional safety and information security in the field of autonomous driving,so as to improve the safety of autonomous driving technology and meet its practical application requirements.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Project(2022A1515140061,No.11000-2344014)Startup Foundation for Postdoctor by Dongguan University of Technology(No.11000-221110149)the High-level Talents Program(contract number 2023JC10L014)of the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province。
文摘High entropy materials(HEMs)are the promising electrocatalysts for anion exchange membrane electrolyser(AEMs)and proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)due to the intriguing cocktail effect,wide design space,tailorable electronic structure,and entropy stabilization effect.The precise fabrication of HEMs with functional nanostructures provides a crucial avenue to optimize the adsorption strength and catalytic activity for electrocatalysis.This review comprehensively summarizes the development of HEMs,focusing on the principles and strategies of structural design,and the catalytic mechanism towards hydrogen evolution reaction,oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction for the development of high-performance electrocatalysts.The complexity inherent in the interactions between different elements,the changes in the d-band center and the Gibbs free energies during the catalytic progress,as well as the coordination environment of the active sites associated with the unique crystal structure to improve the catalytic performance are discussed.We also provide a perspective on the challenges and future development direction of HEMs in electrocatalysis.This review will contribute to the design and development of HEMs-based catalysts for the next generation of electrochemical applications.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2042025kf0052)。
文摘In molybdenum chemistry,the oxidative addition of o-quinone or 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds to molybdenum has been widely used in Mo-catalyzed C—C bond construction.The carbonyl oxidative addition to Mo(0)or Mo(Ⅱ)is the critical elementary reaction of molybdenum catalysis.However,the relevant density functional theory(DFT)studies are relatively scarce,especially regarding the rational selection of functionals.In this work,14 functionals were employed to investigate the Mo-catalyzed carbonyl oxidative addition step.A benchmark study was carried out to evaluate their performance in structure optimization and energy calculation.Analyses of mean absolute error(MAE)and mean squared error(MSE)indicated that the B3LYP-D3(BJ),TPSSh,and ωB97X-D functionals exhibited superior performance in structure optimization.Using the DLPNO-CCSD(T)functional as the reference,the M06,M06-L,and MN15-L functionals exhibited good performance for energy calculation based on the structures optimized using the B3LYP-D3(BJ)functional.In particular,MN15-L provided the best performance with the smallest MAE and MSE.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(202203021222233,202203021212398,202203021212403)。
文摘Photosynthesis of H_(2)O_(2)via sustainable biomass-derived carbon catalysts facilitate the conversion of renewable resources into valuable chemicals.However,the regulatory function of surface functional groups over reaction kinetics has not been sufficiently investigated.Herein,hydrothermal carbon spheres(CS)rich in oxygencontaining functional groups demonstrated a remarkably high H_(2)O_(2)production rate(653μmol/(g·h))in both pure water and actual seawater,even in the absence of any sacrificial agent.Meanwhile,the catalyst demonstrates outstanding activity(92%conversion and>99%selectivity)in the visible-light-driven photocatalytic oxidation of benzylamine to imines.Comprehensive analysis reveals that CS was rich in surface oxygen-containing functional groups,a feature strongly associated with its high photocatalytic efficiency.The observed positive Zeta potential of CS in seawater likely diminished the electrostatic repulsion against the positively charged intermediates,thereby facilitating their accumulation at the liquid-solid interface.This work proposes a strategic framework for developing metal-free photocatalysts from biomass,offering a sustainable pathway for photocatalytic applications.
文摘Nickel-catalyzed borylation of aryl nonaflates with B2pin2 could be realized,which proceeded effectively by means of C—O bond functionalization to afford a wide variety of valuable arylboronates in moderate to excellent yields with good functionality compatibility.In addition,the gram-scale synthesis and the application of the approach in the late-stage elaboration of aryl nonaflate derived from pterostilbene could also be achieved.
基金partially supported by the Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS), financed by Germany’s Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the Saxon State Government out of the State Budget approved by the Saxon State Parliamentthe European Union’s Just Transition Fund (JTF) within the project Röntgenlaser Optimierung der Laserfusion (ROLF), Contract No. 5086999001, co-financed by the Saxon State Government out of the State Budget approved by the Saxon State Parliament+3 种基金the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2022 Research and Innovation Programme (Grant Agreement No. 101076233, “PREXTREME”)Computations were performed on a Bull Cluster at the Center for Information Services and High-Performance Computing (ZIH) at Technische Universität Dresden and at the Norddeutscher Verbund für Hoch- und Höchstleistungsrechnen (HLRN) under Grant No. mvp00024support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 12274171support by the Advanced Materials–National Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. 2024ZD0606900)
文摘Understanding the properties of warm dense hydrogen is of key importance for the modeling of compact astrophysical objects and to understand and further optimize inertial confinement fusion applications.The workhorse of warm dense matter theory is thermal density functional theory(DFT),which,however,suffers from two limitations:(i)its accuracy can depend on the utilized exchange-correlation functional,which has to be approximated,and(ii)it is generally limited to single-electron properties such as the density distribution.Here,we present a new ansatz combining time-dependent DFT results for the dynamic structure factor S_(ee)(q,ω)with static DFT results for the density response.This allows us to estimate the electron-electron static structure factor S_(ee)(q)of warm dense hydrogen with high accuracy over a broad range of densities and temperatures.In addition to its value for the study of warm dense matter,our work opens up new avenues for the future study of electronic correlations exclusively within the framework of DFT for a host of applications.
基金Supported by The Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82374292the Plans for Major Provincial Science and Technology Projects of Anhui Province,No.202303a07020003the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.ZYYCXTD-C-202401.
文摘Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),functional dyspepsia(FD),and gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),present persistent diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to symptom heterogeneity and the absence of reliable biomarkers.Artificial intelligence(AI)enables the integration of multimodal data to enhance FGID management through precision diagnostics and preventive healthcare.This minireview summarizes recent advancements in AI applications for FGIDs,highlighting progress in diagnostic accuracy,subtype classification,personalized interventions,and preventive strategies inspired by the traditional Chinese medicine concept of“treating the undiseased”.Machine learning and deep learning algorithms have demonstrated value in improving IBS diagnosis,refining FD neuro-gastrointestinal subtyping,and screening for GERD-related complications.Moreover,AI supports dietary,psychological,and integrative medicine-based interventions to improve patient adherence and quality of life.Nonetheless,key challenges remain,including data heterogeneity,limited model interpretability,and the need for robust clinical validation.Future directions emphasize interdisciplinary collaboration,the development of multimodal and explainable AI models,and the creation of patientcentered platforms to facilitate a shift from reactive treatment to proactive prevention.This review provides a systematic framework to guide the clinical application and theoretical innovation of AI in FGIDs.
