In order to investigate the association of fibrin monomer polymerization function (FMPF) with traditional cerebrovascular risk factors and ischemic cerebrovascular disease in old people. 1∶1 paired case-control compa...In order to investigate the association of fibrin monomer polymerization function (FMPF) with traditional cerebrovascular risk factors and ischemic cerebrovascular disease in old people. 1∶1 paired case-control comparative study was performed for FMPF and traditional cerebrovascular risk factors on 110 cases of old ischemic cerebrovascular disease and 110 controls matched on age, sex and living condition. The results showed that cerebrovascular risk factors were more prevalent in case group than in control group. In the case group, FMPF was significantly higher than in control group. There was a significant positive correlation between hypertension and fibrin monomer polymerization velocity (FMPV), hypertension and fibrinogen (Fbg), alcohol consumption and Fbg, but no significant correlation between diabetic mellitus, smoking and FMPF was found. Among the parameters of blood lipids, there were significant positive correlations between total cholesterol (TC) and parameters of FMPF to varying degrees, triglycerides (TG) and FMPV, TG and Fbg. Our results also showed there were significant linear trends between TC and FMPV (P<0. 001), TC and Fbg (P=0. 0087), TG and FMPV/Amax (maximum absorbance)(P=0. 0143) respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that FMPF in case group remained significantly higher than control group after adjustment of all risk factors that were significant in univariate analysis. It was concluded that there is a possible pathophysiological link between FMPF and cerebrovascular risk factors. An elevated FMPF is associated with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and an independent risk factor of this disease. In old people, detection of FMPF might be a useful screening to identify individuals at increased cerebrothrombotic risk.展开更多
Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to b...Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to be a powerful and versatile tool to modulate cell behavior.In this review,we summarized recent advances and future trends in the field of intracellular polymerization,specifically focusing on covalent and supramolecular polymerization.This discussion comprehensively covers the diverse chemical designs,reaction mechanisms,responsive features,and functional applications.Furthermore,we also clarified the connection between preliminary design of polymer synthesis and their subsequent biological applications.We hope this review will serve as an innovative platform for chemists and biologists to regulate biological functions in practical applications and clinical trials.展开更多
In response to the challenges of sand production and high water cut during the exploitation of oil reservoirs in unconsolidated sandstones,a novel sand-water dual-control functional polymer,PDSM,was synthesized using ...In response to the challenges of sand production and high water cut during the exploitation of oil reservoirs in unconsolidated sandstones,a novel sand-water dual-control functional polymer,PDSM,was synthesized using acrylamide(AM),methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC),and styrene monomer(SM)as raw materials.The chemical structure and thermal stability of PDSM were verified by1H-NMR,FT-IR,and TGA analyses.To evaluate its performance,functional polymers PDM and PSM,containing only DMC or SM,respectively,were used as control groups.The study systematically investigated the static adsorption,sand production,sand leakage time,standard water-oil resistance ratio,and water cut reduction performance of PDSM.The results demonstrated that,due to the synergistic effect of functional monomers DMC and SM,PDSM exhibited superior dual-control over sand and water compared to PDM and PSM.PDSM enhanced wettability properties reduce the contact angle of the water phase on oil-wet rock surfaces to 64.0°,facilitating better adsorption of polymer molecules on the rock surface and achieving a static adsorption capacity of 14.6 mg/g.PDSM effectively bridges/bundles sand grains through SM and DMC,increasing resistance to fluid erosion.At a flow rate of 100 mL/min,sand production was only 0.026 g/L,surpassing the"Q/SH 10202377-2020"standard for sand inhibitors,which defines"excellent"performance as having a sand production rate of≤0.05 g/L.PDSM forms an adsorption layer(polymer concentrated layer)on the rock surface,expanding when in contact with water and shrinking when in contact with oil,thereby significantly reducing the permeability of the water layer without affecting the permeability of the oil layer.The standard water-oil resistance ratio was measured at 5.41,and the watercut of produced fluid was reduced by 18.6%.These findings provide new theoretical insights and technical guidance for developing dual-function sand-water control agents.展开更多
Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery as a high-energy density electrochemical energy storage system has attracted many researchers’attention.However,the shuttle effect of Li–S batteries and the challenges associated with l...Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery as a high-energy density electrochemical energy storage system has attracted many researchers’attention.However,the shuttle effect of Li–S batteries and the challenges associated with lithium metal anode caused poor cycle performance.In this work,the organosulfide poly(sulfur-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene)(PSD)was prepared as cathode material and additive of P(VDFHFP)polymer electrolyte(P(VDF-HFP)).It was verified that P(VDF-HFP)polymer electrolyte with 10%PSD(P(VDF-HFP)-10%PSD)showed a higher ionic conductivities than that of liquid electrolyte up to2.27×10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature.The quasi-solid-state Li-S batteries fabricated with organosulfide cathode material PSD and P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte delivered good cycling stability(780 m Ah g-1 after 200 th cycle at 0.1 C)and rate performance(613 m Ah g-1 at 1 C).The good cycling performance could be attributed to the synergistic effect of components,including the interaction between polysulfides and polymer main chain in the organosulfide cathode,the sustained organic/inorganic hybrid stable SEI layer formed by polymer electrolyte additive PSD,the improved cathode/electrolyte interface and the good affinity between P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte and Li metal surface.This strategy herein may provide a new route to fabricate high-performance Li–S batteries through the organosulfide cathode and functional polymer electrolyte.展开更多
Functional polymer composites(FPCs)have attracted increasing attention in recent decades due to their great potential in delivering a wide range of functionalities.These functionalities are largely determined by funct...Functional polymer composites(FPCs)have attracted increasing attention in recent decades due to their great potential in delivering a wide range of functionalities.These functionalities are largely determined by functional fillers and their network morphology in polymer matrix.In recent years,a large number of studies on morphology control and interfacial modification have been reported,where numerous preparation methods and exciting performance of FPCs have been reported.Despite the fact that these FPCs have many similarities because they are all consisting of functional inorganic fillers and polymer matrices,review on the overall progress of FPCs is still missing,and especially the overall processing strategy for these composites is urgently needed.Herein,a"Toolbox"for the processing of FPCs is proposed to summarize and analyze the overall processing strategies and corresponding morphology evolution for FPCs.From this perspective,the morphological control methods already utilized for various FPCs are systematically reviewed,so that guidelines or even predictions on the processing strategies of various FPCs as well as multi-functional polymer composites could be given.This review should be able to provide interesting insights for the field of FPCs and boost future intelligent design of various FPCs.展开更多
Acrylamide polymerization initiated with a redox initiation system consisting of eerie ion and ethyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamyl acetate (EDCA) has been studied. It was found that the polymerization rate equation is in ...Acrylamide polymerization initiated with a redox initiation system consisting of eerie ion and ethyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamyl acetate (EDCA) has been studied. It was found that the polymerization rate equation is in good agreement with that of a redox initiated polymerization, and the overall activation energy of the polymerization was determined to be 25.2 kJ.mol(-1). Accordingly, the system belongs to a redox initiator. The initiation mechanism was proposed based on the end group analysis using FT-IR, UV spectroscopies. Analysis results revealed that the N, N-diethyldithiocarbamyl radical produced from the redox reaction of EDCA with eerie ion can initiate acrylonitrile (AN) polymerization and form the end group on PAN. The resulting PAN was photopolymerized with butyl acrylate (BE) to form PAN-b-PBA block copolymer.展开更多
Functionalization of polymer foams by surface coating is of great interest for advanced flow-interactive materials working with well-controlled 3D open channels.However,realizing heavy functional coating via a fast an...Functionalization of polymer foams by surface coating is of great interest for advanced flow-interactive materials working with well-controlled 3D open channels.However,realizing heavy functional coating via a fast and recyclable way remains a big challenge.Here,inspired by the battery electrodes,we propose a scalable mechanic-assisted heavy coating strategy based on the design of sticky jammed fluid(SJF)to conquer the above challenge.Similar to the electrode slurry,the SJF is dominated by a high concentration of active material(≥20 wt%of active carbon,for instance)uniformly dispersed in a protein binder solution.Due to the sticky and solidrich nature of the SJF,one can realize a high coating efficiency of 60 wt%gain per coating.The critical factors controlling the coating processing and quality are further identified and discussed.Furthermore,the functionalized foam is demonstrated as a high-performance shape-customizable toxic gas remover,which can absorb formaldehyde very efficiently at different circumstances,including static adsorption,flow-based filtration,and source interception.Finally,the foam skeleton and the active materials are easily recycled by a facile solvent treatment.This study may inspire new scalable way for fast,heavy,and customizable functionalization of polymeric foams.展开更多
Recently we have studied the rare earth ion-selective electrodes with active materials of the func-tional polymers and found that the process chosen for the functional polymers had an effect on the propertiesof gadoli...Recently we have studied the rare earth ion-selective electrodes with active materials of the func-tional polymers and found that the process chosen for the functional polymers had an effect on the propertiesof gadolinium ion selective electrode besides the effects of their structures.1.Effect of preparation process of the grafted polymers on the properties ofgadolinium ion selective electrodesThe electrode membranes which consist of functional polymers as active materials were prepared by re-action of gadolinium chloride with the radiation grafted clmer of acrlic acid and polystyrene of which展开更多
In this paper,the functional polymeric active materials were prepared by the grafting copolymerization and their structure and properties were studied.The results show that the structure and properties of these ac- ti...In this paper,the functional polymeric active materials were prepared by the grafting copolymerization and their structure and properties were studied.The results show that the structure and properties of these ac- tive materials have the relative large effects on the properties of gadolinium ion selective electrodes.展开更多
Magnetically responsive hierarchical magnetite/silica/poly（ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine） （Fe3O4/SiO2/P（EGDMA-co-VPy）） tri-layer microspheres were used as stabilizers for gold metallic nanoeol...Magnetically responsive hierarchical magnetite/silica/poly（ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine） （Fe3O4/SiO2/P（EGDMA-co-VPy）） tri-layer microspheres were used as stabilizers for gold metallic nanoeolloids as a facilely recoverable catalyst with the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol as a model reaction. The magnetic microsphere stabilized gold metallic nanocolloids were prepared by in situ reduction of gold chloride trihydrate with borohydride as reductant via the stabilization effect of the pyridyl groups to gold nanoparticles on the surface of the outer shell-layer of the inorganic/polymer tri-layer microspheres.展开更多
Bearing unique redox nature and high oxygen storage capacity,ceria(CeO_(2))has always been a promising CO oxidation catalyst support for gold(Au)catalysts and the like.Herein,a series of Au-CeO_(2)-P(P stands for pH v...Bearing unique redox nature and high oxygen storage capacity,ceria(CeO_(2))has always been a promising CO oxidation catalyst support for gold(Au)catalysts and the like.Herein,a series of Au-CeO_(2)-P(P stands for pH value)samples was prepared by a co-precipitation method with the assistance of an alkaline environment and amino groups functionalized ordered mesoporous polymer(OMP-NH_(2)).Afterward,all samples described above were characterized that the Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts are made of Au-Ce-O solid solution and Au nanoparticles(NPs)supported on CeO_(2).It turns out that OMP-NH_(2) is not just a simple sacrificial template for mesoporous structure,but also plays an important role as an amino source,explaining the presence of rich oxygen vacancies.Due to the concentration of oxygen vacancies in Au-Ce-O solid solution is the key factor for the oxygen mobility of CO oxidation,the catalytic results also demonstrate that the catalytic activity of Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts is related to the concentration of their oxygen vacancies.Moreover,Au-CeO_(2)-9.6 with a highest concentration of oxygen vacancies(as high as 13.98%)in Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts exhibits the best catalytic activity(complete conversion at 10℃).展开更多
Polypropylene synthetic paper releasing anion was prepared from polypropylene resin, anion additives, titanium dioxide, etc., by calendar forming method. The synthetic paper was tested by anion detector, SEM, AFM, etc...Polypropylene synthetic paper releasing anion was prepared from polypropylene resin, anion additives, titanium dioxide, etc., by calendar forming method. The synthetic paper was tested by anion detector, SEM, AFM, etc. Tensile strength, elongation at break, fight angle tear strength of the polypropylene synthetic paper reached the GB 13022 or QB/T1130 Standard. The synthetic paper was water and oil resistance, and released anions 10,530 cm^-3. It was environment-friendly, and a kind of good material for human＇s health.展开更多
We demonstrate a straightforward and efficient method for the creation of polymer brushes on hydrogen-terminated silicon substrates through the UV-induced photopoiymerization. The surface grafting polymerization is ap...We demonstrate a straightforward and efficient method for the creation of polymer brushes on hydrogen-terminated silicon substrates through the UV-induced photopoiymerization. The surface grafting polymerization is applicable to a series of monomers, allowing the direct formation of homogeneous polymer coatings ranging from hydrophilic poly（2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline） （PIPOx）, amphiphilic poly（N-isopropyl acrylamide） （PNIPAM）, to hydrophobic polystyrene （PS） and poly（4- （1H,1H,2H,2H-perfiuorohexyl）oxymethylstyrene） （PPHMS） on Si（100） and Si（lll） surfaces via stable Si--C bonds. Polymerization kinetic investigation indicates a linear increase of polymer layer thickness with the polymerization time. Moreover, the as-prepared polymer brushes exhibit superior stability against basic conditions in contrast to those that were formed on silicon substrates via conventional Si--O--C bond.展开更多
In order to improve the functional affinity of the humanized VH single domain antibody against human lung cancer, the genes coding the homogenous dimers dihu3D3Vn and tetramers tehu3D3VH were constructed by fusing the...In order to improve the functional affinity of the humanized VH single domain antibody against human lung cancer, the genes coding the homogenous dimers dihu3D3Vn and tetramers tehu3D3VH were constructed by fusing the SV5-Cys short peptide and p53 tetramefization structural domain gene to hu3D3VH gene via recombinant PCR technique, respectively. Then, the dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH genes were cloned to the prokaryotic expression vector pET-22b（ ＋ ） and expressed in E. coli BL21 （DE3）. The proteins expressed were purified through Ni^2＋ -affinity chromatographic column. Meanwhile, the hu3D3VH, dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH proteins were labeled with FTTC, and their reactivity with antigen and specificity were analyzed by immunofluorescence assay. As to their functional affinities, it was analyzed and compared by flow cytometry. The results indicated that these two genes were expressed as monomers and mainly as inclusion bodies. After purification and renaturation, there were about 50% of dimers and 70% of tetramer remaining in the protein solution. In addition, the dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH proteins still remained the reactivity with antigen and specificity of hu3D3VH protein, and their functional affinities were increased about 60% or 100% respectively, compared with those of hu3D3VH protein. It is evident that the functional affinity of hu3D3VH protein can be greatly improved by increasing its binding valency.展开更多
Because of rapid progress in the electronics industry,the market has faced a huge demand for novel materials in the field of electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding.Conductive functional polymer composites have dem...Because of rapid progress in the electronics industry,the market has faced a huge demand for novel materials in the field of electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding.Conductive functional polymer composites have demonstrated great potential to fulfill this requirement.To synthesize the polymeric composites,functional conductive nanoadditives such as graphene,carbon nanotubes,and MXene are commonly added to polymeric matrices,and the conductive polymer nanocomposites exhibit promising electrical conductivity as well as EMI shielding performance.Additive manufacturing(AM),also referred to as threedimensional(3D)printing,has been increasingly employed to fabricate complicated geometry components in the medical,aerospace,and automotive industries.AM has also been used to fabricate advanced EMI shielding materials for sensors,supercapacitors,energy storage devices,and flexible electronics.This review aims at introducing the different 3D printing methods applied for the fabrication of EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites.The impact of the AM process on the functionality of the samples is also reviewed.Additionally,the influence of the nanofiller type and amount on the microstructure and performance of the fabricated nanocomposites is discussed.Finally,the prospects and recommended works for future study are outlined.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)printing has received extensive attention due to its unique multidimensional functionality and customizability and has been recognized as one of the most revolutionary manufacturing technologies.F...Three-dimensional(3D)printing has received extensive attention due to its unique multidimensional functionality and customizability and has been recognized as one of the most revolutionary manufacturing technologies.Functional 3D printed products represent an important orientation for next-generationmanufacturing and attract a great spotlight for the application in sensors,actuators,robots,electronics,and medical devices.However,the lack of functions of printing polymeric materials dramatically limits the development of functional 3D printing.Different from traditional processing,the physical properties,such as geometry and rheological behavior,of the polymericmaterialsmust match the printing process,making the selection of printable materials limited.More importantly,challenges in large-scale production of such materials further stifle the development of functional 3D printing industry.In this review,we aim to outline recent advances in polymeric materials and methodologies for the functional 3D printing technology.The reports are classified based on functionalities,including electronic conductive,thermally conductive,electromagnetic interference shielding,energy storage,and energy harvesting materials.This study attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities for 3D printing functional polymeric materials/devices,also seeks to enlighten the orientation of future research in this field.展开更多
We demonstrated long-period grating(LPG) inscription on polymer functionalized optical microfibers and its applications in optical sensing. Optical microfibers were functionalized with ultraviolet-sensitive polymethyl...We demonstrated long-period grating(LPG) inscription on polymer functionalized optical microfibers and its applications in optical sensing. Optical microfibers were functionalized with ultraviolet-sensitive polymethyl methacrylate jackets and, thus, LPGs could be inscribed on optical microfibers via point-by-point ultraviolet laser exposure. For a 2 mm long microfiber LPG(MLPG) inscribed on optical microfibers with a diameter of 5.4 μm, a resonant dip of 15 d B at 1377 nm was observed. This MLPG showed a high sensitivity of strain and axial force, i.e.,-1.93 pm∕με and-1.15 pm∕μN, respectively. Although the intrinsic temperature sensitivity of the LPGs is relatively low, i.e.,-12.75 pm∕°C, it can be increased to be-385.11 pm∕°C by appropriate sealing. Benefiting from the small footprint and high sensitivity, MLPGs could have potential applications in optical sensing of strain,axial force, and temperature.展开更多
Polymer functionalization is a powerful tool to prepare polymers with diverse structures without the need of synthesizing monomers or performing polymerization reactions.Polymers that are difficult to be synthesized u...Polymer functionalization is a powerful tool to prepare polymers with diverse structures without the need of synthesizing monomers or performing polymerization reactions.Polymers that are difficult to be synthesized using direct polymerization reactions can be accessed using polymer functionalization.We herein present Mitsunobu derivatization of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)to convert the hydroxyl groups into diverse functional groups.展开更多
Lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)can potentially deliver much higher energy density but remain plagued by uncontrollable Li plating with dendrite growth,unstable interfaces,and highly abundant excess Li(>50 mAh·...Lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)can potentially deliver much higher energy density but remain plagued by uncontrollable Li plating with dendrite growth,unstable interfaces,and highly abundant excess Li(>50 mAh·cm^(-2)).Herein,different from the artificial layer or three-dimensional(3D)matrix host constructions,various dielectric polymers are initially well-comprehensively investigated from experimental characterizations to theoretical simulation to evaluate their functions in modulating Li ion distribution.As a proof of concept,a 3D interwoven high dielectric functional polymer(HDFP)nanofiber network with polar C-F dipole moments electrospun on copper(Cu)foil is designed,realizing uniform and controllable Li deposition capacity up to 5.0 mAh·cm^(-2),thereby enabling stable Li plating/stripping cycling over 1400 h at 1.0 mA·cm^(-2).More importantly,under the highcathode loading(~3.1 mAh·cm^(-2))and only 0.6×excess Li(N/P ratio of 1.6),the full cells retain capacity retention of 97.4%after 200 cycles at 3.36 mA·cm^(-2)and achieve high energy density(297.7 Wh·kg^(-1)at cell-level)under lean electrolyte conditions(15μL),much better than ever-reported literatures.Our work provides a new direction for designing high dielectric polymer coating toward high-retention-rate practical Li full batteries.展开更多
Biliary strictures are characterized by the narrowing of the bile duct lumen,usually caused by surgical biliary injury,cancer,inflammation,and scarring from gallstones.Endoscopic stent placement is a well-established ...Biliary strictures are characterized by the narrowing of the bile duct lumen,usually caused by surgical biliary injury,cancer,inflammation,and scarring from gallstones.Endoscopic stent placement is a well-established method for the management of biliary strictures.However,maintaining optimal mechanical properties of stents and designing surfaces that can prevent stent-induced tissue hyperplasia and biofilm formation are challenges in the fabrication of biodegradable biliary stents(BBSs)for customized treatment.This study proposes a novel approach to fabricating functionalized polymer BBSs with nanoengineered surfaces using 3D printing.The 3D printed stents,fabricated from bioactive silica poly(ε-carprolactone)(PCL)via a sol-gel method,exhibited tunable mechanical properties suitable for supporting the bile duct while ensuring biocompatibility.Furthermore,a nanoengineered surface layer was successfully created on a sirolimus(SRL)-coated functionalized PCL(fPCL)stent using Zn ion sputtering-based plasma immersion ion implantation(S-PIII)treatment to enhance the performance of the stent.The nanoengineered surface of the SRL-coated fPCL stent effectively reduced bacterial responses and remarkably inhibited fibroblast proliferation and initial burst release of SRL in vitro systems.The physicochemical properties and biological behaviors,including in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo therapeutic efficacy in the rabbit bile duct,of the Zn-SRL@fPCL stent demonstrated its potential as a versatile platform for clinical applications in bile duct tissue engineering.展开更多
文摘In order to investigate the association of fibrin monomer polymerization function (FMPF) with traditional cerebrovascular risk factors and ischemic cerebrovascular disease in old people. 1∶1 paired case-control comparative study was performed for FMPF and traditional cerebrovascular risk factors on 110 cases of old ischemic cerebrovascular disease and 110 controls matched on age, sex and living condition. The results showed that cerebrovascular risk factors were more prevalent in case group than in control group. In the case group, FMPF was significantly higher than in control group. There was a significant positive correlation between hypertension and fibrin monomer polymerization velocity (FMPV), hypertension and fibrinogen (Fbg), alcohol consumption and Fbg, but no significant correlation between diabetic mellitus, smoking and FMPF was found. Among the parameters of blood lipids, there were significant positive correlations between total cholesterol (TC) and parameters of FMPF to varying degrees, triglycerides (TG) and FMPV, TG and Fbg. Our results also showed there were significant linear trends between TC and FMPV (P<0. 001), TC and Fbg (P=0. 0087), TG and FMPV/Amax (maximum absorbance)(P=0. 0143) respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that FMPF in case group remained significantly higher than control group after adjustment of all risk factors that were significant in univariate analysis. It was concluded that there is a possible pathophysiological link between FMPF and cerebrovascular risk factors. An elevated FMPF is associated with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and an independent risk factor of this disease. In old people, detection of FMPF might be a useful screening to identify individuals at increased cerebrothrombotic risk.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFA0915300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52233012,22405212 and22471219)the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21821001)。
文摘Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to be a powerful and versatile tool to modulate cell behavior.In this review,we summarized recent advances and future trends in the field of intracellular polymerization,specifically focusing on covalent and supramolecular polymerization.This discussion comprehensively covers the diverse chemical designs,reaction mechanisms,responsive features,and functional applications.Furthermore,we also clarified the connection between preliminary design of polymer synthesis and their subsequent biological applications.We hope this review will serve as an innovative platform for chemists and biologists to regulate biological functions in practical applications and clinical trials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program)(Grant No.52474071)the financial support from the China Scholarship Council(TM.Lei,No.202406450004)。
文摘In response to the challenges of sand production and high water cut during the exploitation of oil reservoirs in unconsolidated sandstones,a novel sand-water dual-control functional polymer,PDSM,was synthesized using acrylamide(AM),methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC),and styrene monomer(SM)as raw materials.The chemical structure and thermal stability of PDSM were verified by1H-NMR,FT-IR,and TGA analyses.To evaluate its performance,functional polymers PDM and PSM,containing only DMC or SM,respectively,were used as control groups.The study systematically investigated the static adsorption,sand production,sand leakage time,standard water-oil resistance ratio,and water cut reduction performance of PDSM.The results demonstrated that,due to the synergistic effect of functional monomers DMC and SM,PDSM exhibited superior dual-control over sand and water compared to PDM and PSM.PDSM enhanced wettability properties reduce the contact angle of the water phase on oil-wet rock surfaces to 64.0°,facilitating better adsorption of polymer molecules on the rock surface and achieving a static adsorption capacity of 14.6 mg/g.PDSM effectively bridges/bundles sand grains through SM and DMC,increasing resistance to fluid erosion.At a flow rate of 100 mL/min,sand production was only 0.026 g/L,surpassing the"Q/SH 10202377-2020"standard for sand inhibitors,which defines"excellent"performance as having a sand production rate of≤0.05 g/L.PDSM forms an adsorption layer(polymer concentrated layer)on the rock surface,expanding when in contact with water and shrinking when in contact with oil,thereby significantly reducing the permeability of the water layer without affecting the permeability of the oil layer.The standard water-oil resistance ratio was measured at 5.41,and the watercut of produced fluid was reduced by 18.6%.These findings provide new theoretical insights and technical guidance for developing dual-function sand-water control agents.
基金Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51532002 and 51872027)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L172023)National Basic Research Program of China(2016YFA0202500,2017YFE0113500,and 2018YFB0104300)。
文摘Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery as a high-energy density electrochemical energy storage system has attracted many researchers’attention.However,the shuttle effect of Li–S batteries and the challenges associated with lithium metal anode caused poor cycle performance.In this work,the organosulfide poly(sulfur-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene)(PSD)was prepared as cathode material and additive of P(VDFHFP)polymer electrolyte(P(VDF-HFP)).It was verified that P(VDF-HFP)polymer electrolyte with 10%PSD(P(VDF-HFP)-10%PSD)showed a higher ionic conductivities than that of liquid electrolyte up to2.27×10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature.The quasi-solid-state Li-S batteries fabricated with organosulfide cathode material PSD and P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte delivered good cycling stability(780 m Ah g-1 after 200 th cycle at 0.1 C)and rate performance(613 m Ah g-1 at 1 C).The good cycling performance could be attributed to the synergistic effect of components,including the interaction between polysulfides and polymer main chain in the organosulfide cathode,the sustained organic/inorganic hybrid stable SEI layer formed by polymer electrolyte additive PSD,the improved cathode/electrolyte interface and the good affinity between P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte and Li metal surface.This strategy herein may provide a new route to fabricate high-performance Li–S batteries through the organosulfide cathode and functional polymer electrolyte.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51922071,51773139).
文摘Functional polymer composites(FPCs)have attracted increasing attention in recent decades due to their great potential in delivering a wide range of functionalities.These functionalities are largely determined by functional fillers and their network morphology in polymer matrix.In recent years,a large number of studies on morphology control and interfacial modification have been reported,where numerous preparation methods and exciting performance of FPCs have been reported.Despite the fact that these FPCs have many similarities because they are all consisting of functional inorganic fillers and polymer matrices,review on the overall progress of FPCs is still missing,and especially the overall processing strategy for these composites is urgently needed.Herein,a"Toolbox"for the processing of FPCs is proposed to summarize and analyze the overall processing strategies and corresponding morphology evolution for FPCs.From this perspective,the morphological control methods already utilized for various FPCs are systematically reviewed,so that guidelines or even predictions on the processing strategies of various FPCs as well as multi-functional polymer composites could be given.This review should be able to provide interesting insights for the field of FPCs and boost future intelligent design of various FPCs.
基金The Project 29234093 was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Acrylamide polymerization initiated with a redox initiation system consisting of eerie ion and ethyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamyl acetate (EDCA) has been studied. It was found that the polymerization rate equation is in good agreement with that of a redox initiated polymerization, and the overall activation energy of the polymerization was determined to be 25.2 kJ.mol(-1). Accordingly, the system belongs to a redox initiator. The initiation mechanism was proposed based on the end group analysis using FT-IR, UV spectroscopies. Analysis results revealed that the N, N-diethyldithiocarbamyl radical produced from the redox reaction of EDCA with eerie ion can initiate acrylonitrile (AN) polymerization and form the end group on PAN. The resulting PAN was photopolymerized with butyl acrylate (BE) to form PAN-b-PBA block copolymer.
基金sponsored by the Double First-Class Construction Funds of Sichuan University and National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC)financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC grants 51873126,51422305,and 51721091).
文摘Functionalization of polymer foams by surface coating is of great interest for advanced flow-interactive materials working with well-controlled 3D open channels.However,realizing heavy functional coating via a fast and recyclable way remains a big challenge.Here,inspired by the battery electrodes,we propose a scalable mechanic-assisted heavy coating strategy based on the design of sticky jammed fluid(SJF)to conquer the above challenge.Similar to the electrode slurry,the SJF is dominated by a high concentration of active material(≥20 wt%of active carbon,for instance)uniformly dispersed in a protein binder solution.Due to the sticky and solidrich nature of the SJF,one can realize a high coating efficiency of 60 wt%gain per coating.The critical factors controlling the coating processing and quality are further identified and discussed.Furthermore,the functionalized foam is demonstrated as a high-performance shape-customizable toxic gas remover,which can absorb formaldehyde very efficiently at different circumstances,including static adsorption,flow-based filtration,and source interception.Finally,the foam skeleton and the active materials are easily recycled by a facile solvent treatment.This study may inspire new scalable way for fast,heavy,and customizable functionalization of polymeric foams.
文摘Recently we have studied the rare earth ion-selective electrodes with active materials of the func-tional polymers and found that the process chosen for the functional polymers had an effect on the propertiesof gadolinium ion selective electrode besides the effects of their structures.1.Effect of preparation process of the grafted polymers on the properties ofgadolinium ion selective electrodesThe electrode membranes which consist of functional polymers as active materials were prepared by re-action of gadolinium chloride with the radiation grafted clmer of acrlic acid and polystyrene of which
文摘In this paper,the functional polymeric active materials were prepared by the grafting copolymerization and their structure and properties were studied.The results show that the structure and properties of these ac- tive materials have the relative large effects on the properties of gadolinium ion selective electrodes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20874049)
文摘Magnetically responsive hierarchical magnetite/silica/poly（ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine） （Fe3O4/SiO2/P（EGDMA-co-VPy）） tri-layer microspheres were used as stabilizers for gold metallic nanoeolloids as a facilely recoverable catalyst with the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol as a model reaction. The magnetic microsphere stabilized gold metallic nanocolloids were prepared by in situ reduction of gold chloride trihydrate with borohydride as reductant via the stabilization effect of the pyridyl groups to gold nanoparticles on the surface of the outer shell-layer of the inorganic/polymer tri-layer microspheres.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22002056,21663016,21961021)the Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis(20181BCD40004)the Research Project on Teaching Reform of Degree and Graduate Education of Jiangxi Province(JXYJG-2018-007)。
文摘Bearing unique redox nature and high oxygen storage capacity,ceria(CeO_(2))has always been a promising CO oxidation catalyst support for gold(Au)catalysts and the like.Herein,a series of Au-CeO_(2)-P(P stands for pH value)samples was prepared by a co-precipitation method with the assistance of an alkaline environment and amino groups functionalized ordered mesoporous polymer(OMP-NH_(2)).Afterward,all samples described above were characterized that the Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts are made of Au-Ce-O solid solution and Au nanoparticles(NPs)supported on CeO_(2).It turns out that OMP-NH_(2) is not just a simple sacrificial template for mesoporous structure,but also plays an important role as an amino source,explaining the presence of rich oxygen vacancies.Due to the concentration of oxygen vacancies in Au-Ce-O solid solution is the key factor for the oxygen mobility of CO oxidation,the catalytic results also demonstrate that the catalytic activity of Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts is related to the concentration of their oxygen vacancies.Moreover,Au-CeO_(2)-9.6 with a highest concentration of oxygen vacancies(as high as 13.98%)in Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts exhibits the best catalytic activity(complete conversion at 10℃).
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20776122)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.B2006000191)China Chemical Textiles Supervision and Inspection Center for the testing of properties of the products.
文摘Polypropylene synthetic paper releasing anion was prepared from polypropylene resin, anion additives, titanium dioxide, etc., by calendar forming method. The synthetic paper was tested by anion detector, SEM, AFM, etc. Tensile strength, elongation at break, fight angle tear strength of the polypropylene synthetic paper reached the GB 13022 or QB/T1130 Standard. The synthetic paper was water and oil resistance, and released anions 10,530 cm^-3. It was environment-friendly, and a kind of good material for human＇s health.
基金the support of Jilin Provincial Department of Education (No. 2014511)Department of Changchun Science and Technology(No. 14KP023)Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(No. BK20151189)
文摘We demonstrate a straightforward and efficient method for the creation of polymer brushes on hydrogen-terminated silicon substrates through the UV-induced photopoiymerization. The surface grafting polymerization is applicable to a series of monomers, allowing the direct formation of homogeneous polymer coatings ranging from hydrophilic poly（2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline） （PIPOx）, amphiphilic poly（N-isopropyl acrylamide） （PNIPAM）, to hydrophobic polystyrene （PS） and poly（4- （1H,1H,2H,2H-perfiuorohexyl）oxymethylstyrene） （PPHMS） on Si（100） and Si（lll） surfaces via stable Si--C bonds. Polymerization kinetic investigation indicates a linear increase of polymer layer thickness with the polymerization time. Moreover, the as-prepared polymer brushes exhibit superior stability against basic conditions in contrast to those that were formed on silicon substrates via conventional Si--O--C bond.
文摘In order to improve the functional affinity of the humanized VH single domain antibody against human lung cancer, the genes coding the homogenous dimers dihu3D3Vn and tetramers tehu3D3VH were constructed by fusing the SV5-Cys short peptide and p53 tetramefization structural domain gene to hu3D3VH gene via recombinant PCR technique, respectively. Then, the dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH genes were cloned to the prokaryotic expression vector pET-22b（ ＋ ） and expressed in E. coli BL21 （DE3）. The proteins expressed were purified through Ni^2＋ -affinity chromatographic column. Meanwhile, the hu3D3VH, dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH proteins were labeled with FTTC, and their reactivity with antigen and specificity were analyzed by immunofluorescence assay. As to their functional affinities, it was analyzed and compared by flow cytometry. The results indicated that these two genes were expressed as monomers and mainly as inclusion bodies. After purification and renaturation, there were about 50% of dimers and 70% of tetramer remaining in the protein solution. In addition, the dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH proteins still remained the reactivity with antigen and specificity of hu3D3VH protein, and their functional affinities were increased about 60% or 100% respectively, compared with those of hu3D3VH protein. It is evident that the functional affinity of hu3D3VH protein can be greatly improved by increasing its binding valency.
文摘Because of rapid progress in the electronics industry,the market has faced a huge demand for novel materials in the field of electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding.Conductive functional polymer composites have demonstrated great potential to fulfill this requirement.To synthesize the polymeric composites,functional conductive nanoadditives such as graphene,carbon nanotubes,and MXene are commonly added to polymeric matrices,and the conductive polymer nanocomposites exhibit promising electrical conductivity as well as EMI shielding performance.Additive manufacturing(AM),also referred to as threedimensional(3D)printing,has been increasingly employed to fabricate complicated geometry components in the medical,aerospace,and automotive industries.AM has also been used to fabricate advanced EMI shielding materials for sensors,supercapacitors,energy storage devices,and flexible electronics.This review aims at introducing the different 3D printing methods applied for the fabrication of EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites.The impact of the AM process on the functionality of the samples is also reviewed.Additionally,the influence of the nanofiller type and amount on the microstructure and performance of the fabricated nanocomposites is discussed.Finally,the prospects and recommended works for future study are outlined.
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)printing has received extensive attention due to its unique multidimensional functionality and customizability and has been recognized as one of the most revolutionary manufacturing technologies.Functional 3D printed products represent an important orientation for next-generationmanufacturing and attract a great spotlight for the application in sensors,actuators,robots,electronics,and medical devices.However,the lack of functions of printing polymeric materials dramatically limits the development of functional 3D printing.Different from traditional processing,the physical properties,such as geometry and rheological behavior,of the polymericmaterialsmust match the printing process,making the selection of printable materials limited.More importantly,challenges in large-scale production of such materials further stifle the development of functional 3D printing industry.In this review,we aim to outline recent advances in polymeric materials and methodologies for the functional 3D printing technology.The reports are classified based on functionalities,including electronic conductive,thermally conductive,electromagnetic interference shielding,energy storage,and energy harvesting materials.This study attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities for 3D printing functional polymeric materials/devices,also seeks to enlighten the orientation of future research in this field.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61505096)
文摘We demonstrated long-period grating(LPG) inscription on polymer functionalized optical microfibers and its applications in optical sensing. Optical microfibers were functionalized with ultraviolet-sensitive polymethyl methacrylate jackets and, thus, LPGs could be inscribed on optical microfibers via point-by-point ultraviolet laser exposure. For a 2 mm long microfiber LPG(MLPG) inscribed on optical microfibers with a diameter of 5.4 μm, a resonant dip of 15 d B at 1377 nm was observed. This MLPG showed a high sensitivity of strain and axial force, i.e.,-1.93 pm∕με and-1.15 pm∕μN, respectively. Although the intrinsic temperature sensitivity of the LPGs is relatively low, i.e.,-12.75 pm∕°C, it can be increased to be-385.11 pm∕°C by appropriate sealing. Benefiting from the small footprint and high sensitivity, MLPGs could have potential applications in optical sensing of strain,axial force, and temperature.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075292,22001254)。
文摘Polymer functionalization is a powerful tool to prepare polymers with diverse structures without the need of synthesizing monomers or performing polymerization reactions.Polymers that are difficult to be synthesized using direct polymerization reactions can be accessed using polymer functionalization.We herein present Mitsunobu derivatization of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)to convert the hydroxyl groups into diverse functional groups.
基金This work was financial supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51877132,52003153,and 22005186)the Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(No.21XD1401600).
文摘Lithium(Li)metal batteries(LMBs)can potentially deliver much higher energy density but remain plagued by uncontrollable Li plating with dendrite growth,unstable interfaces,and highly abundant excess Li(>50 mAh·cm^(-2)).Herein,different from the artificial layer or three-dimensional(3D)matrix host constructions,various dielectric polymers are initially well-comprehensively investigated from experimental characterizations to theoretical simulation to evaluate their functions in modulating Li ion distribution.As a proof of concept,a 3D interwoven high dielectric functional polymer(HDFP)nanofiber network with polar C-F dipole moments electrospun on copper(Cu)foil is designed,realizing uniform and controllable Li deposition capacity up to 5.0 mAh·cm^(-2),thereby enabling stable Li plating/stripping cycling over 1400 h at 1.0 mA·cm^(-2).More importantly,under the highcathode loading(~3.1 mAh·cm^(-2))and only 0.6×excess Li(N/P ratio of 1.6),the full cells retain capacity retention of 97.4%after 200 cycles at 3.36 mA·cm^(-2)and achieve high energy density(297.7 Wh·kg^(-1)at cell-level)under lean electrolyte conditions(15μL),much better than ever-reported literatures.Our work provides a new direction for designing high dielectric polymer coating toward high-retention-rate practical Li full batteries.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (Nos.2021R1I1A1A01043176,2022R1C1C1003205,2023R1A2C1007779,and 2021R1A2C1091301)the Korea Medical Device Development Fund grant funded by the Korea government (Ministry of Science and ICT,Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy,Ministry of Health&Welfare,Ministry of Food and Drug Safety,Project Number:RS-2023-00238092)Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine (KFRM)grant funded by the Korea government (the Ministry of Science and ICT,the Ministry of Health&Welfare,KFRM 24A0105L1).
文摘Biliary strictures are characterized by the narrowing of the bile duct lumen,usually caused by surgical biliary injury,cancer,inflammation,and scarring from gallstones.Endoscopic stent placement is a well-established method for the management of biliary strictures.However,maintaining optimal mechanical properties of stents and designing surfaces that can prevent stent-induced tissue hyperplasia and biofilm formation are challenges in the fabrication of biodegradable biliary stents(BBSs)for customized treatment.This study proposes a novel approach to fabricating functionalized polymer BBSs with nanoengineered surfaces using 3D printing.The 3D printed stents,fabricated from bioactive silica poly(ε-carprolactone)(PCL)via a sol-gel method,exhibited tunable mechanical properties suitable for supporting the bile duct while ensuring biocompatibility.Furthermore,a nanoengineered surface layer was successfully created on a sirolimus(SRL)-coated functionalized PCL(fPCL)stent using Zn ion sputtering-based plasma immersion ion implantation(S-PIII)treatment to enhance the performance of the stent.The nanoengineered surface of the SRL-coated fPCL stent effectively reduced bacterial responses and remarkably inhibited fibroblast proliferation and initial burst release of SRL in vitro systems.The physicochemical properties and biological behaviors,including in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo therapeutic efficacy in the rabbit bile duct,of the Zn-SRL@fPCL stent demonstrated its potential as a versatile platform for clinical applications in bile duct tissue engineering.
