The Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition was reviewed and approved by the National Medical Products Administration and the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China in July 2020.The current edition w...The Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition was reviewed and approved by the National Medical Products Administration and the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China in July 2020.The current edition was officially implemented on December 30,2020.The general chapters of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia discuss the general testing methods and guidelines,which are the common requirements and basis for the implementation of drug standards in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Owing to adherence to the principles of scientificity,versatility,operability,and sustainable development,there is an improvement in the general chapters of the 2020 edition over those of the previous editions.Further,the application of advanced and mature analytical techniques has expanded,the development of testing methods for exogenous pollutants in traditional Chinese medicines has been strengthened,and technical requirements are now better harmonized with international standards.The updated edition provides technical and methodological support to ensure safety,effectiveness,and control of pharmaceuticals in China and will play an important and active role in encouraging the application of advanced technologies,improving the quality control of medicines,and strengthening the means of drug regulation in China.This review provides a comprehensive introduction of the main features of and changes to the general chapters in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition and aims to provide reference for its correct understanding and accurate implementation.展开更多
Fu Sheng Liu Ji is a collection of autobiographical essays written by Shen Fu and it occupies a rather important place in the notebook literature of the Qing Dynasty,which has also been widely translated and spread ab...Fu Sheng Liu Ji is a collection of autobiographical essays written by Shen Fu and it occupies a rather important place in the notebook literature of the Qing Dynasty,which has also been widely translated and spread abroad.So far,there have been four English translation versions.Based on the theory of creative treason,this paper analyzed Black’s English translation from the aspects of the choice of content and the restructure,culture and language.It has been found that,as a result of the translator’s conscious or unconscious creative treason,translations may have the effect of engaging readers of the target language,transmitting the culture of the source language and facilitating literary exchange,but they may also have caused misinterpretation by readers and the loss of Chinese cultural imagery.展开更多
Six Chapters of a Floating Life is an elegant autobiographical prose. The English version of Lin Yutang is honored as one of the classic translations. As the first translator to embrace"aestheticism"from the...Six Chapters of a Floating Life is an elegant autobiographical prose. The English version of Lin Yutang is honored as one of the classic translations. As the first translator to embrace"aestheticism"from the perspective of translation in Chinese history,Lin Yutang put for ward three standards for translation, namely,"fidelity, coherence and beauty", and proposed translation aesthetics in his article On Translation. By interpreting Lin's translation work of Six Chapters of a Floating Life from the aesthetic aspect,this paper analyzes Lin Yutang's standards for"aesthetic"translation, which refers to the beauty of sound, sense, conception, form and spirit, and also reveals his enlightening contribution to translation theory construction.展开更多
BACKGROUND Arabic-speaking patients are underrepresented in orthopedic clinical studies,particularly in foot and ankle trauma research.The lack of validated Arabic language tools hinders their inclusion,creating a nee...BACKGROUND Arabic-speaking patients are underrepresented in orthopedic clinical studies,particularly in foot and ankle trauma research.The lack of validated Arabic language tools hinders their inclusion,creating a need for culturally and linguistically adapted instruments.The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Foot and Ankle Outcomes Questionnaire(AAOS-FAOQ)is a widely used tool but has not been adapted for Arabic-speaking patients.AIM To translate,cross-culturally adapt,and validate the AAOS-FAOQ for Arabicspeaking patients with traumatic foot and ankle injuries.METHODS The cross-cultural adaptation followed established guidelines,involving forward and backward translations,expert review,and pre-testing.The final Arabic version was administered alongside the Arabic Short-Form 36(SF-36)to 100 patients for validity testing.Reliability was assessed through test-retest methods with 20 patients completing the questionnaire twice within 48 hours.Pearson correlation coefficients measured convergent and divergent validity with SF-36 subscales,while Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC)determined internal consistency and reliability.RESULTS Out of 100 patients,92 completed the first set of questionnaires.The Arabic AAOS-FAOQ showed strong correlations with the SF-36 subscales,particularly in physical function and bodily pain(r>0.6).Test-retest reliability was robust,with ICCs of 0.69 and 0.66 for the Global Foot and Ankle Scale and Shoe Comfort Scale,respectively.Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency ranged from 0.7 to 0.9.CONCLUSION The Arabic version of the AAOS-FAOQ demonstrated validity and reliability for use in Arabic-speaking patients with traumatic foot and ankle injuries.This adaptation will enhance the inclusion of this population in orthopedic clinical studies,improving the generalizability of research findings and patient care.展开更多
With the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)in domains such as power,transportation,and finance,the number of machine learning and deep learning models has grown exponentially.However,challenges such as dela...With the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)in domains such as power,transportation,and finance,the number of machine learning and deep learning models has grown exponentially.However,challenges such as delayed retraining,inconsistent version management,insufficient drift monitoring,and limited data security still hinder efficient and reliable model operations.To address these issues,this paper proposes the Intelligent Model Lifecycle Management Algorithm(IMLMA).The algorithm employs a dual-trigger mechanism based on both data volume thresholds and time intervals to automate retraining,and applies Bayesian optimization for adaptive hyperparameter tuning to improve performance.A multi-metric replacement strategy,incorporating MSE,MAE,and R2,ensures that new models replace existing ones only when performance improvements are guaranteed.A versioning and traceability database supports comparison and visualization,while real-time monitoring with stability analysis enables early warnings of latency and drift.Finally,hash-based integrity checks secure both model files and datasets.Experimental validation in a power metering operation scenario demonstrates that IMLMA reduces model update delays,enhances predictive accuracy and stability,and maintains low latency under high concurrency.This work provides a practical,reusable,and scalable solution for intelligent model lifecycle management,with broad applicability to complex systems such as smart grids.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy of the digestive system and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide(1).In China,CRC ranks as the second most common cancer with inc...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy of the digestive system and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide(1).In China,CRC ranks as the second most common cancer with incidence and mortality rates continuing to rise(2).The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)first introduced its guidelines in 2017,and since then,they have been updated annually to incorporate the latest clinical research findings,drug availability,and expert consensus(3-8).This article presents the key updates in the 2025 edition compared to the 2024 version.展开更多
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the foreign language versions of the following 41 national standards in foreign language versions.
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the foreign language versions of the following 60 national standards in foreign language version.
Contents1. Diagnosis and dynamic assessment of persistent/recurrent and metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (prmDTC)1.1 Basic principles of diagnosis1.2 Diagnostic methods1.3 Ongoing assessment of response to the...Contents1. Diagnosis and dynamic assessment of persistent/recurrent and metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (prmDTC)1.1 Basic principles of diagnosis1.2 Diagnostic methods1.3 Ongoing assessment of response to therapy2. Multidisciplinary treatment of prmDTC2.1 Basic principles of treatment2.2 Surgical management2.2.1 Preoperative clinical assessment2.2.2 Principles of surgical treatment for prmDTC.展开更多
House of Commons 众议院(加拿大议会的组成部分之一,现有295个议席,议员每届任期5年。众议院的主要权限是立法。)Senate 参议院(加拿大议会的组成部分之一,现有104个议席,参议员由内阁总理提名,由总督以英王的名义任命。参议院的主要...House of Commons 众议院(加拿大议会的组成部分之一,现有295个议席,议员每届任期5年。众议院的主要权限是立法。)Senate 参议院(加拿大议会的组成部分之一,现有104个议席,参议员由内阁总理提名,由总督以英王的名义任命。参议院的主要职权有立法权、评议权和调查权。)展开更多
基金financial support from the Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission Drug Standard Promoting Funds and Comprehensive Reform of the Chinese Drug and Medical Device Review and Approval System Funds(2015e2020)。
文摘The Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition was reviewed and approved by the National Medical Products Administration and the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China in July 2020.The current edition was officially implemented on December 30,2020.The general chapters of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia discuss the general testing methods and guidelines,which are the common requirements and basis for the implementation of drug standards in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Owing to adherence to the principles of scientificity,versatility,operability,and sustainable development,there is an improvement in the general chapters of the 2020 edition over those of the previous editions.Further,the application of advanced and mature analytical techniques has expanded,the development of testing methods for exogenous pollutants in traditional Chinese medicines has been strengthened,and technical requirements are now better harmonized with international standards.The updated edition provides technical and methodological support to ensure safety,effectiveness,and control of pharmaceuticals in China and will play an important and active role in encouraging the application of advanced technologies,improving the quality control of medicines,and strengthening the means of drug regulation in China.This review provides a comprehensive introduction of the main features of and changes to the general chapters in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition and aims to provide reference for its correct understanding and accurate implementation.
文摘Fu Sheng Liu Ji is a collection of autobiographical essays written by Shen Fu and it occupies a rather important place in the notebook literature of the Qing Dynasty,which has also been widely translated and spread abroad.So far,there have been four English translation versions.Based on the theory of creative treason,this paper analyzed Black’s English translation from the aspects of the choice of content and the restructure,culture and language.It has been found that,as a result of the translator’s conscious or unconscious creative treason,translations may have the effect of engaging readers of the target language,transmitting the culture of the source language and facilitating literary exchange,but they may also have caused misinterpretation by readers and the loss of Chinese cultural imagery.
文摘Six Chapters of a Floating Life is an elegant autobiographical prose. The English version of Lin Yutang is honored as one of the classic translations. As the first translator to embrace"aestheticism"from the perspective of translation in Chinese history,Lin Yutang put for ward three standards for translation, namely,"fidelity, coherence and beauty", and proposed translation aesthetics in his article On Translation. By interpreting Lin's translation work of Six Chapters of a Floating Life from the aesthetic aspect,this paper analyzes Lin Yutang's standards for"aesthetic"translation, which refers to the beauty of sound, sense, conception, form and spirit, and also reveals his enlightening contribution to translation theory construction.
文摘BACKGROUND Arabic-speaking patients are underrepresented in orthopedic clinical studies,particularly in foot and ankle trauma research.The lack of validated Arabic language tools hinders their inclusion,creating a need for culturally and linguistically adapted instruments.The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Foot and Ankle Outcomes Questionnaire(AAOS-FAOQ)is a widely used tool but has not been adapted for Arabic-speaking patients.AIM To translate,cross-culturally adapt,and validate the AAOS-FAOQ for Arabicspeaking patients with traumatic foot and ankle injuries.METHODS The cross-cultural adaptation followed established guidelines,involving forward and backward translations,expert review,and pre-testing.The final Arabic version was administered alongside the Arabic Short-Form 36(SF-36)to 100 patients for validity testing.Reliability was assessed through test-retest methods with 20 patients completing the questionnaire twice within 48 hours.Pearson correlation coefficients measured convergent and divergent validity with SF-36 subscales,while Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC)determined internal consistency and reliability.RESULTS Out of 100 patients,92 completed the first set of questionnaires.The Arabic AAOS-FAOQ showed strong correlations with the SF-36 subscales,particularly in physical function and bodily pain(r>0.6).Test-retest reliability was robust,with ICCs of 0.69 and 0.66 for the Global Foot and Ankle Scale and Shoe Comfort Scale,respectively.Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency ranged from 0.7 to 0.9.CONCLUSION The Arabic version of the AAOS-FAOQ demonstrated validity and reliability for use in Arabic-speaking patients with traumatic foot and ankle injuries.This adaptation will enhance the inclusion of this population in orthopedic clinical studies,improving the generalizability of research findings and patient care.
基金funded by Anhui NARI ZT Electric Co.,Ltd.,entitled“Research on the Shared Operation and Maintenance Service Model for Metering Equipment and Platform Development for the Modern Industrial Chain”(Grant No.524636250005).
文摘With the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)in domains such as power,transportation,and finance,the number of machine learning and deep learning models has grown exponentially.However,challenges such as delayed retraining,inconsistent version management,insufficient drift monitoring,and limited data security still hinder efficient and reliable model operations.To address these issues,this paper proposes the Intelligent Model Lifecycle Management Algorithm(IMLMA).The algorithm employs a dual-trigger mechanism based on both data volume thresholds and time intervals to automate retraining,and applies Bayesian optimization for adaptive hyperparameter tuning to improve performance.A multi-metric replacement strategy,incorporating MSE,MAE,and R2,ensures that new models replace existing ones only when performance improvements are guaranteed.A versioning and traceability database supports comparison and visualization,while real-time monitoring with stability analysis enables early warnings of latency and drift.Finally,hash-based integrity checks secure both model files and datasets.Experimental validation in a power metering operation scenario demonstrates that IMLMA reduces model update delays,enhances predictive accuracy and stability,and maintains low latency under high concurrency.This work provides a practical,reusable,and scalable solution for intelligent model lifecycle management,with broad applicability to complex systems such as smart grids.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82373415)Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation(No.Ytongshu2021/ms-0003)。
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy of the digestive system and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide(1).In China,CRC ranks as the second most common cancer with incidence and mortality rates continuing to rise(2).The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)first introduced its guidelines in 2017,and since then,they have been updated annually to incorporate the latest clinical research findings,drug availability,and expert consensus(3-8).This article presents the key updates in the 2025 edition compared to the 2024 version.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the foreign language versions of the following 41 national standards in foreign language versions.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the foreign language versions of the following 60 national standards in foreign language version.
文摘Contents1. Diagnosis and dynamic assessment of persistent/recurrent and metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (prmDTC)1.1 Basic principles of diagnosis1.2 Diagnostic methods1.3 Ongoing assessment of response to therapy2. Multidisciplinary treatment of prmDTC2.1 Basic principles of treatment2.2 Surgical management2.2.1 Preoperative clinical assessment2.2.2 Principles of surgical treatment for prmDTC.
