This study reports the synthesis of oleic acid sterol ester with liquid crystalline properties and its enhanced stability and UV-blocking performance through microencapsulation.Oleic acid sterol ester was synthesized ...This study reports the synthesis of oleic acid sterol ester with liquid crystalline properties and its enhanced stability and UV-blocking performance through microencapsulation.Oleic acid sterol ester was synthesized via the esterification of phytosterol and oleic acid,whose structure was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and mass spectrometry(MS).Its liquid crystalline behavior was confirmed via the polarized optical microscopy(POM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),wide-angle X-ray scattering(WAXS),and small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS).UV absorption tests were conducted to assess the UV-blocking performance of the oleic acid sterol ester liquid crystals.To improve the stability of its liquid crystalline structure,the oleic acid sterol ester was encapsulated into microcapsules through the emulsion polymerization.SPF measurements were performed on the sunscreen formulations containing liquid crystal microcapsules.The oleic acid sterol ester displayed cholesteric liquid crystalline behavior and strong UVA absorption,which indicates its suitability as a natural UV absorber.Microencapsulation further enhanced its stability and UV-blocking properties.SPF testing showed that the formulations with microcapsules achieved an SPF value of 7.01,which surpasses the nano titanium dioxide(SPF=6.23)and significantly outperform the unencapsulated liquid crystal formulations(SPF=2.65).This study highlights the potential of microencapsulated oleic acid sterol ester as a novel UV absorber in the sunscreen formulations,offers the enhanced stability and effective UV protection,and showcases its application potential in the innovative cosmetic products.展开更多
Cashew processing in Côte d’Ivoire focuses only on the cashew nut, to the detriment of the apple. Only a very small proportion of the apple is processed into juice. The aim of this work is to enhance the value o...Cashew processing in Côte d’Ivoire focuses only on the cashew nut, to the detriment of the apple. Only a very small proportion of the apple is processed into juice. The aim of this work is to enhance the value of cashew apples by transforming them into jam. Specifically, the aim was first to characterize the sensory properties of cashew apple jam formulations using baobab powder as a source of pectin and then to optimise the formulations. A Box-Behken design with pH, Sugar, and Baobab as factors was used to model and characterize the jam sensory descriptors, and a multivariate analysis with SensomineR was used to characterize the jam formulations. The desirability function was used to optimise the formulations. The results show globally significant regressions at the 0.05 threshold for the sensory descriptors Gelling, Brilliance, Smell, Sweetness, and (-)Astringency, with the exception of (-)Salinity. The R2 coefficients are greater than 80%. The factors studied could have effects on the sensory descriptors of cashew jam formulations. The Baobab had the main effect on the gelling, smell, and astringency of the jams. Brilliance depended on the added sugar. A product effect (p < 0.001) was observed for the descriptors Smell, Gelling, Brilliance, and Sweetness, as these allowed the panelists to find differences between the formulations. Optimum jam formulation can be achieved with 51.56% sugar and 2.12% Baobab at a pH of 3.15. Cashew apple jam using Baobab offers opportunities to add value to apples that have long been abandoned in the field. It would be important to find conditions for prolonged storage of this jam.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a major complication of diabetes,marked by progressive renal damage and an inflammatory response.Although research has investigated the pathological mechanisms underlying DN,effec...BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a major complication of diabetes,marked by progressive renal damage and an inflammatory response.Although research has investigated the pathological mechanisms underlying DN,effective treatment options remain limited.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic impact of Shenzhuo formulation(SZF)on a DN mouse model and to examine its potential molecular mechanisms using transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches.METHODS We established a DN mouse model through a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin(STZ)injection,followed by SZF treatment.We analyzed SZF’s effects on gene expression and metabolite profiles in renal tissues of DN mice using transcriptomics and metabolomics techniques.Additionally,based on transcriptomic and non-targeted metabolomic findings,we further assessed SZF’s influence on the expression of factors related to the cytochrome P450(CYP450)-mediated arachidonic acid(AA)metabolism pathway,as well as its effects on inflammation and oxidative stress.RESULTS SZF intervention significantly decreased hyperglycemia and mitigated renal function impairment in DN mice.Pathological analysis revealed that SZF treatment improved renal tissue damage,reduced fibrosis,and diminished glycogen deposition.Transcriptomic analysis indicated that SZF influenced mRNA expression of CYP450-related genes,including Cyp2j13,Cyp2b9,Pla2 g2e/Cyp4a12a,Cyp4a32,Cyp2e1,and Cyp4a14.Non-targeted metabolomic results demonstrated that SZF altered the levels of metabolites associated with the AA metabolic pathway,including 5,6-EET,14,15-EET,phosphatidylcholine,and 20-HETE.Further experiments showed that SZF upregulated the expression of CYP4A and CYP2E proteins in renal tissue,as well as CYP2J and CYP2B proteins.Additionally,SZF significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory factors in renal tissue,enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity,and alleviated oxidative stress.CONCLUSION SZF exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by regulating CYP450-mediated AA metabolism,leading to improved renal function and improved pathological state in DN mice.展开更多
This work focuses on the formulation of a dietary cold sauce,mayonnaise,which combines the therapeutic properties of two basic ingredients:PSO(Pumpkin Seed Oil)and quail egg,both of which are renowned for their high f...This work focuses on the formulation of a dietary cold sauce,mayonnaise,which combines the therapeutic properties of two basic ingredients:PSO(Pumpkin Seed Oil)and quail egg,both of which are renowned for their high functional properties.PSO is essentially made up of unsaturated fatty acids(50%to 65%)including linoleic acid,from the omega 6 family,oleic acid(20%to 50%),a monounsaturated fatty acid(omega 9),cucurbitin,phytosterols,tri-terpenes and vitamin E(3.5 mg%).The nutritional,fatty acid,vitamin and mineral compositions of the mayonnaise compared with the ingredients,the physico-chemical characteristics of the quail egg,the PSO and the tasting of the mayonnaise were determined and gave results in terms of variable contents which are recorded in Tables 2-8.The results obtained were satisfactory.Mayonnaise,a semi-solid emulsion of oil in water with viscoelastic properties due to the network formed by lipoproteins adsorbed around neighbouring drops of oil,was prepared using the ratio of quail egg and PSO 1/4.This study may offer an alternative way of making dietary sauces.展开更多
The“2025 China New-Formulation Detergent Products Development Conference & 2025 China Daily Chemicals Biodegradable,Recyclable,Renewable Technology Innovation Summit”,co-hosted by the China Research Institute of...The“2025 China New-Formulation Detergent Products Development Conference & 2025 China Daily Chemicals Biodegradable,Recyclable,Renewable Technology Innovation Summit”,co-hosted by the China Research Institute of Daily Chemical(RIDCI),was held in Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province.The event brought together over 230 representatives from government agencies,industry associations,and leading enterprises to contribute insights for the high-quality development of China's daily chemical industry.展开更多
Background:Fuke Huahuang formulation(FHF)is widely used in the treatment of vaginitis,with clinical evidence indicating its promising anti-inflammatory properties.Methods:We explored the bioactive components and poten...Background:Fuke Huahuang formulation(FHF)is widely used in the treatment of vaginitis,with clinical evidence indicating its promising anti-inflammatory properties.Methods:We explored the bioactive components and potential mechanisms of FHF for treating vaginitis,and reveal its pharmacological activities against vaginitis.Results:A total of 12 anti-inflammatory components in FHF and 584 pharmacological targets were identified.Furthermore,1427 vaginitis-associated targets were identified,and 184 intersection targets between FHF and vaginitis were constructed for network analysis.Gene Ontology and pathway analysis revealed that the therapeutical targets of FHF against vaginitis are involved in modulating inflammatory stress,enhancing immunoregulation,reconstructing the microenvironment,and suppressing cell damage.Molecular docking analysis further suggested the possible direct binding of the bioactive compounds of FHF(fumarine)to the core targets,including AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 1(AKT1),Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3(STAT3),and nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-κB).Experimental validation found that FHF-treated vaginitis rats exhibited reduced intracellular AKT1,STAT3,and NF-κB protein expressions.Conclusion:Overall,we identified the bioactive compounds and pharmacological mechanisms of FHF against vaginitis,thus offering a theoretical fundament for exploring FHF for treating vaginitis in the future.展开更多
Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa subsp.pekinensis)is a widely cultivated vegetable crop in Asia with significant economic importance(Li et al.,2024;Yu et al.,2024).As a potyvirus with the broad host range,turnip mosaic v...Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa subsp.pekinensis)is a widely cultivated vegetable crop in Asia with significant economic importance(Li et al.,2024;Yu et al.,2024).As a potyvirus with the broad host range,turnip mosaic virus(TuMV)is a major pathogen affecting Chinese cabbages,leading to severe yield losses(Li et al.,2019).Traditional control measures have shown limited efficacy,and the long-term use of chemical pesticides has led to significant issues such as environmental pollution and pathogen resistance(Samara et al.,2021;Lu et al.,2022).Biologicallyderived pesticides have garnered considerable attention owing to their eco-friendly attributes(Ayilara et al.,2023).γ-Aminobutyric acid(GABA),initially discovered in potato tubers,has been proven to regulate immune responses and enhance resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens by modulating reactive oxygen species and stress-related hormone signals(Tarkowski et al.,2020;Wang et al.,2025).But biologically-derived agents typically face challenges such as large particle size and instability,which limit their practical application and bioavailability(Daraban et al.,2023).展开更多
In recent years,the rising prevalence of respiratory diseases,coupled with advancements in biotechnology and pharmacology,has positioned inhalable formulations as a preferred method of drug administration.This approac...In recent years,the rising prevalence of respiratory diseases,coupled with advancements in biotechnology and pharmacology,has positioned inhalable formulations as a preferred method of drug administration.This approach enables direct and rapid delivery of medication to the lungs,maximizing therapeutic effects while minimizing dosage and potential side effects.In this review,we meticulously examined current literature and clinical trial databases to present a comprehensive overview of three key areas:(1)inhalation devices currently utilized in clinical settings;(2)the clinical applications of approved inhalable formulations;and(3)preclinical research on inhalable treatments targeting various lung conditions,including pulmonary infections,tuberculosis,lung cancer,pulmonary fibrosis,as well as systemic diseases like Parkinson’s disease.The objective was to delve into both foundational research and the clinical use of inhalable formulations within the pharmaceutical field,with the aim of fostering their broader adoption and guiding the development of inhalable therapies for a more comprehensive range of diseases.展开更多
Previous study has shown that 10-hydroxycamptothecin（HCPT） has well-established pharmacological effects in vitro.However,its in vivo bioavailability is very poor due to various problems,which severely restricts its ...Previous study has shown that 10-hydroxycamptothecin（HCPT） has well-established pharmacological effects in vitro.However,its in vivo bioavailability is very poor due to various problems,which severely restricts its clinical applications.In the present study,phospholipid complex（PC） technology was employed to improve the solubility and bioavailability of HCPT.XRD data confirmed the formation of HCPT-PC.However,our previously prepared HCPT-PC is too sticky,which may result in the slow dissolution rate and negative effects on its absorption.Therefore,we prepared HCPT-PC-solid dispersion（HCPT-PC-SD）and lipid-based formulations of HCPT-PC through simple preparation process.The results showed that the dissolution rate of HCPT-PC was effectively improved by solid dispersion technology,which reached 91.73%in 45 min.Pharmacokinetic study revealed that the AUC_（0-t） of HCPT-PC-SD and HCPT-PC lipid-based formulations was effectively further increased compared with HCPT-PC.Moreover,we found that the combination of SD technology and lipid-base formulations could be a promising drug-delivery system to improve the oral bioavailability of HCPT-PC.In addition,we showed that the bioavailability of HCPT-PC lipid-base formulations was even greater than that of HCPT-PC-SD.In particular,lipid-base formulations could be prepared just by a simple method,suggesting its feasibility of industrialization.展开更多
Aim To research the computer optimization design in material formulation. Methods The professional software including experimental design, mathematical modeling and optimization of single and multiple purposes was d...Aim To research the computer optimization design in material formulation. Methods The professional software including experimental design, mathematical modeling and optimization of single and multiple purposes was developed and applied to the formulation design for the flame retardant ethylenepropylene-diene mischpolymer (EPDM) insulation composites. With the aid of equipartition design, the mathematical models were established based on the optimization of the four properties (limiting oxygen index, volume resistance, tensile strength and elongation). Results The models from limited experiments had good significance, and the modeling analysis conclusions were in good agreement with later experiments. The optimization formulation was practically excellent. Conclusion The software enables practically a comprehensive multi-purpose use of material formulation research.展开更多
Objective： To develop a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS （liquid chromatography-mass spectxometry/mass spectrometry） method applied to the detection and quantitation of UDCA （ursodeoxycholic acid） related substances suc...Objective： To develop a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS （liquid chromatography-mass spectxometry/mass spectrometry） method applied to the detection and quantitation of UDCA （ursodeoxycholic acid） related substances such as CA （cholic acid）, DCA （deoxycholic acid）, CDCA （chenodeoxycholic acid） and LCA （lithocholic acid） in raw material and pharmaceutical formulation. Methods： The method was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness. A triple quadrupole mass detector was employed, equipped with an ESI （electrospray ionization） source operated in the negative ion mode. The chromatographic system consisted of a Symmetry C 18 column （150 mm × 4.6 mm, id; particle size 5 μm） and methanol-acetonitrile-ammonium acetate （pH 7.6; 10 mM） （40：40：20, v/v/v） as the mobile phase. The chromatographic conditions were 25 uL injection volume, flow rate of 0.4 mL/min and column temperature set at 35℃. Key tindings： The method requires a minimum sample amount and presents very low LOD （limits of detection） for CA （0.29 ng/mL）, DCA （0.59 ng/mL）, CDCA （0.13 ng/mL） and LCA （0.44 ng/mL） in comparison to LC methods coupled to different detectors like UV （ultraviolet）, fluorescence and refractive index. Conclusions： The developed and validated LC-MS/MS method for the determination of UDCA and related substances in raw material and in a suspension was advantageous since it required a minimum sample amount. In turn, it could be used as a stability indicating method.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the protective effects of Lubeikangru formula(LF) on hyperplasia of the mammary glands(HMG) induced by estrogen and progesterone in mice.METHODS: Female mice were divided randomly into five grou...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the protective effects of Lubeikangru formula(LF) on hyperplasia of the mammary glands(HMG) induced by estrogen and progesterone in mice.METHODS: Female mice were divided randomly into five groups: normal, model, tamoxifen(3 mg/kg),Rupixiao(900 mg/kg) and LF(900 mg/kg). All mice except those in the normal group were treated sequentially with estradiol and progesterone to induce HMG. From the tenth day of induction, mice in normal and model groups received distilled water and mice in the other groups were given the corresponding drugs by gavage, once a day, for 30 d.At the end of treatment, the mammary glands, ovaries, hypothalamus, and serum was collected for whole-mount and hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISAs), or western blotting.RESULTS: Whole-mount and HE staining of mammary glands showed that LF rescued(at least in part) the hyperplasic morphology of the mammary glands, and the number of branch points decreased after LF treatment(P < 0.05). ELISAs revealed that levels of estrogen and progesterone were decreased following LF treatment, whereas levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone were increased in serum and tissues. Western blotting confirmed that LF treatment led to a reduction in expression of phosphorylated(p)-Erk, p-p38 and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase. LF was also confirmed to be safe by acute-toxicity tests.CONCLUSION: LF can protect the mammary glands of mice from estrogen-and progesterone-induced hyperplasia by adjusting hormone levels and regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.展开更多
This paper presents a new elasticity and finite element formulation for different Young's modulus when tension and compression loadings in anisotropy media. The case studies, such as anisotropy and isotropy, were ...This paper presents a new elasticity and finite element formulation for different Young's modulus when tension and compression loadings in anisotropy media. The case studies, such as anisotropy and isotropy, were investigated. A numerical example was shown to find out the changes of neutral axis at the pure bending beams.展开更多
An axially variable-length solid element with eight nodes is proposed by integrating the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation and the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF). In addition to the nodal p...An axially variable-length solid element with eight nodes is proposed by integrating the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation and the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF). In addition to the nodal positions and slopes of eight nodes, two material coordinates in the axial direction are used as the generalized coordinates. As a consequence, the nodes in the ALE-ANCF are not associated with any specific material points and the axial length of the solid element can be varied over time. These two material coordinates give rise to a variable mass matrix and an additional inertial force vector. Computationally efficient formulae of the additional inertial forces and elastic forces, as well as their Jacobians, are also derived. The dynamic equation of a flexible multibody system (FMBS) with variable-length bodies is presented. The maximum and minimum lengths of the boundary elements of an FMBS have to be appropriately defined to ensure accuracy and non-singularity when solving the dynamic equation. Three numerical examples of static and dynamic problems are given to validate the variable-length solid elements of ALE-ANCF and show their capability.展开更多
AIM： To develop a new formulation with hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and Shellac coating for extended and selective delivery of butyrate in the ileo-caecal region and colon. METHODS： One-gram sodium butyrate coate...AIM： To develop a new formulation with hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and Shellac coating for extended and selective delivery of butyrate in the ileo-caecal region and colon. METHODS： One-gram sodium butyrate coated tablets containing ^13C-butyrate were orally administered to 12 healbhy subjects and 12 Crohn＇s disease patients and the rate of ^13C-butyrate absorption was evaluated by t3CO2 breath test analysis for eight hours. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid （500 rag） was co-administered as a biomarker of oro-ileal transit time to determine also the site of release and absorption of butyrate by the time of its serum maximum concentration. RESULTS： The coated formulation delayed the ^13C-butyrate release by 2-3 h with respect to the uncoated tablets. Sodium butyrate was delivered in the intestine of all subjects and a more variable transit time was found in Crohn＇s disease patients than in healthy subjects. The variability of the peak ^13CO2 in the kinetic release of butyrate was explained by the inter-subject variability in transit time. However, the coating chosen ensured an efficient release of the active compound even in patients with a short transit time. CONCLUSION： Simultaneous evaluation of breath ^13CO2 and tauroursodeoxycholic acid concentrationtime curves has shown that the new oral formulation consistently releases sodium butyrate in the ileo-cecal region and colon both in healthy subjects and Crohn＇s disease patients with variable intestinal transit time. This formulation may be of therapeutic value in inflammatory bowel disease patients due to the appropriate release of the active compound.展开更多
In this paper, nonlinear modeling for flexible multibody system with large deformation is investigated. Absolute nodal coordinates are employed to describe the displacement, and variational motion equations of a flexi...In this paper, nonlinear modeling for flexible multibody system with large deformation is investigated. Absolute nodal coordinates are employed to describe the displacement, and variational motion equations of a flexible body are derived on the basis of the geometric nonlinear theory, in which both the shear strain and the transverse normal strain are taken into account. By separating the inner and the boundary nodal coordinates, the motion equations of a flexible multibody system are assembled. The advantage of such formulation is that the constraint equations and the forward recursive equations become linear because the absolute nodal coordinates are used. A spatial double pendulum connected to the ground with a spherical joint is simulated to investigate the dynamic performance of flexible beams with large deformation. Finally, the resultant constant total energy validates the present formulation.展开更多
文摘This study reports the synthesis of oleic acid sterol ester with liquid crystalline properties and its enhanced stability and UV-blocking performance through microencapsulation.Oleic acid sterol ester was synthesized via the esterification of phytosterol and oleic acid,whose structure was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and mass spectrometry(MS).Its liquid crystalline behavior was confirmed via the polarized optical microscopy(POM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),wide-angle X-ray scattering(WAXS),and small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS).UV absorption tests were conducted to assess the UV-blocking performance of the oleic acid sterol ester liquid crystals.To improve the stability of its liquid crystalline structure,the oleic acid sterol ester was encapsulated into microcapsules through the emulsion polymerization.SPF measurements were performed on the sunscreen formulations containing liquid crystal microcapsules.The oleic acid sterol ester displayed cholesteric liquid crystalline behavior and strong UVA absorption,which indicates its suitability as a natural UV absorber.Microencapsulation further enhanced its stability and UV-blocking properties.SPF testing showed that the formulations with microcapsules achieved an SPF value of 7.01,which surpasses the nano titanium dioxide(SPF=6.23)and significantly outperform the unencapsulated liquid crystal formulations(SPF=2.65).This study highlights the potential of microencapsulated oleic acid sterol ester as a novel UV absorber in the sunscreen formulations,offers the enhanced stability and effective UV protection,and showcases its application potential in the innovative cosmetic products.
文摘Cashew processing in Côte d’Ivoire focuses only on the cashew nut, to the detriment of the apple. Only a very small proportion of the apple is processed into juice. The aim of this work is to enhance the value of cashew apples by transforming them into jam. Specifically, the aim was first to characterize the sensory properties of cashew apple jam formulations using baobab powder as a source of pectin and then to optimise the formulations. A Box-Behken design with pH, Sugar, and Baobab as factors was used to model and characterize the jam sensory descriptors, and a multivariate analysis with SensomineR was used to characterize the jam formulations. The desirability function was used to optimise the formulations. The results show globally significant regressions at the 0.05 threshold for the sensory descriptors Gelling, Brilliance, Smell, Sweetness, and (-)Astringency, with the exception of (-)Salinity. The R2 coefficients are greater than 80%. The factors studied could have effects on the sensory descriptors of cashew jam formulations. The Baobab had the main effect on the gelling, smell, and astringency of the jams. Brilliance depended on the added sugar. A product effect (p < 0.001) was observed for the descriptors Smell, Gelling, Brilliance, and Sweetness, as these allowed the panelists to find differences between the formulations. Optimum jam formulation can be achieved with 51.56% sugar and 2.12% Baobab at a pH of 3.15. Cashew apple jam using Baobab offers opportunities to add value to apples that have long been abandoned in the field. It would be important to find conditions for prolonged storage of this jam.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Special Program,No.H2020110287Key Laboratory for Diabetic Kidney Disease Syndrome and Treatment of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration of Hebei Province,No.7[2024]+2 种基金Yuansong Wang National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Heritage Studio,No.3[2024]Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications,No.SZX2020015Jiangsu Province Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development Program Project,No.YB2020065.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a major complication of diabetes,marked by progressive renal damage and an inflammatory response.Although research has investigated the pathological mechanisms underlying DN,effective treatment options remain limited.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic impact of Shenzhuo formulation(SZF)on a DN mouse model and to examine its potential molecular mechanisms using transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches.METHODS We established a DN mouse model through a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin(STZ)injection,followed by SZF treatment.We analyzed SZF’s effects on gene expression and metabolite profiles in renal tissues of DN mice using transcriptomics and metabolomics techniques.Additionally,based on transcriptomic and non-targeted metabolomic findings,we further assessed SZF’s influence on the expression of factors related to the cytochrome P450(CYP450)-mediated arachidonic acid(AA)metabolism pathway,as well as its effects on inflammation and oxidative stress.RESULTS SZF intervention significantly decreased hyperglycemia and mitigated renal function impairment in DN mice.Pathological analysis revealed that SZF treatment improved renal tissue damage,reduced fibrosis,and diminished glycogen deposition.Transcriptomic analysis indicated that SZF influenced mRNA expression of CYP450-related genes,including Cyp2j13,Cyp2b9,Pla2 g2e/Cyp4a12a,Cyp4a32,Cyp2e1,and Cyp4a14.Non-targeted metabolomic results demonstrated that SZF altered the levels of metabolites associated with the AA metabolic pathway,including 5,6-EET,14,15-EET,phosphatidylcholine,and 20-HETE.Further experiments showed that SZF upregulated the expression of CYP4A and CYP2E proteins in renal tissue,as well as CYP2J and CYP2B proteins.Additionally,SZF significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory factors in renal tissue,enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity,and alleviated oxidative stress.CONCLUSION SZF exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by regulating CYP450-mediated AA metabolism,leading to improved renal function and improved pathological state in DN mice.
文摘This work focuses on the formulation of a dietary cold sauce,mayonnaise,which combines the therapeutic properties of two basic ingredients:PSO(Pumpkin Seed Oil)and quail egg,both of which are renowned for their high functional properties.PSO is essentially made up of unsaturated fatty acids(50%to 65%)including linoleic acid,from the omega 6 family,oleic acid(20%to 50%),a monounsaturated fatty acid(omega 9),cucurbitin,phytosterols,tri-terpenes and vitamin E(3.5 mg%).The nutritional,fatty acid,vitamin and mineral compositions of the mayonnaise compared with the ingredients,the physico-chemical characteristics of the quail egg,the PSO and the tasting of the mayonnaise were determined and gave results in terms of variable contents which are recorded in Tables 2-8.The results obtained were satisfactory.Mayonnaise,a semi-solid emulsion of oil in water with viscoelastic properties due to the network formed by lipoproteins adsorbed around neighbouring drops of oil,was prepared using the ratio of quail egg and PSO 1/4.This study may offer an alternative way of making dietary sauces.
文摘The“2025 China New-Formulation Detergent Products Development Conference & 2025 China Daily Chemicals Biodegradable,Recyclable,Renewable Technology Innovation Summit”,co-hosted by the China Research Institute of Daily Chemical(RIDCI),was held in Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province.The event brought together over 230 representatives from government agencies,industry associations,and leading enterprises to contribute insights for the high-quality development of China's daily chemical industry.
文摘Background:Fuke Huahuang formulation(FHF)is widely used in the treatment of vaginitis,with clinical evidence indicating its promising anti-inflammatory properties.Methods:We explored the bioactive components and potential mechanisms of FHF for treating vaginitis,and reveal its pharmacological activities against vaginitis.Results:A total of 12 anti-inflammatory components in FHF and 584 pharmacological targets were identified.Furthermore,1427 vaginitis-associated targets were identified,and 184 intersection targets between FHF and vaginitis were constructed for network analysis.Gene Ontology and pathway analysis revealed that the therapeutical targets of FHF against vaginitis are involved in modulating inflammatory stress,enhancing immunoregulation,reconstructing the microenvironment,and suppressing cell damage.Molecular docking analysis further suggested the possible direct binding of the bioactive compounds of FHF(fumarine)to the core targets,including AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 1(AKT1),Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3(STAT3),and nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-κB).Experimental validation found that FHF-treated vaginitis rats exhibited reduced intracellular AKT1,STAT3,and NF-κB protein expressions.Conclusion:Overall,we identified the bioactive compounds and pharmacological mechanisms of FHF against vaginitis,thus offering a theoretical fundament for exploring FHF for treating vaginitis in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32402564,32330096,32372631)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.C2024204246)+1 种基金the Pinduoduo-China Agricultural University Research Fund(Grant No.PC2023B02018)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University.
文摘Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa subsp.pekinensis)is a widely cultivated vegetable crop in Asia with significant economic importance(Li et al.,2024;Yu et al.,2024).As a potyvirus with the broad host range,turnip mosaic virus(TuMV)is a major pathogen affecting Chinese cabbages,leading to severe yield losses(Li et al.,2019).Traditional control measures have shown limited efficacy,and the long-term use of chemical pesticides has led to significant issues such as environmental pollution and pathogen resistance(Samara et al.,2021;Lu et al.,2022).Biologicallyderived pesticides have garnered considerable attention owing to their eco-friendly attributes(Ayilara et al.,2023).γ-Aminobutyric acid(GABA),initially discovered in potato tubers,has been proven to regulate immune responses and enhance resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens by modulating reactive oxygen species and stress-related hormone signals(Tarkowski et al.,2020;Wang et al.,2025).But biologically-derived agents typically face challenges such as large particle size and instability,which limit their practical application and bioavailability(Daraban et al.,2023).
文摘In recent years,the rising prevalence of respiratory diseases,coupled with advancements in biotechnology and pharmacology,has positioned inhalable formulations as a preferred method of drug administration.This approach enables direct and rapid delivery of medication to the lungs,maximizing therapeutic effects while minimizing dosage and potential side effects.In this review,we meticulously examined current literature and clinical trial databases to present a comprehensive overview of three key areas:(1)inhalation devices currently utilized in clinical settings;(2)the clinical applications of approved inhalable formulations;and(3)preclinical research on inhalable treatments targeting various lung conditions,including pulmonary infections,tuberculosis,lung cancer,pulmonary fibrosis,as well as systemic diseases like Parkinson’s disease.The objective was to delve into both foundational research and the clinical use of inhalable formulations within the pharmaceutical field,with the aim of fostering their broader adoption and guiding the development of inhalable therapies for a more comprehensive range of diseases.
基金Science and Technology Department of Henan province Fund Project(Grant No.144300510019)
文摘Previous study has shown that 10-hydroxycamptothecin（HCPT） has well-established pharmacological effects in vitro.However,its in vivo bioavailability is very poor due to various problems,which severely restricts its clinical applications.In the present study,phospholipid complex（PC） technology was employed to improve the solubility and bioavailability of HCPT.XRD data confirmed the formation of HCPT-PC.However,our previously prepared HCPT-PC is too sticky,which may result in the slow dissolution rate and negative effects on its absorption.Therefore,we prepared HCPT-PC-solid dispersion（HCPT-PC-SD）and lipid-based formulations of HCPT-PC through simple preparation process.The results showed that the dissolution rate of HCPT-PC was effectively improved by solid dispersion technology,which reached 91.73%in 45 min.Pharmacokinetic study revealed that the AUC_（0-t） of HCPT-PC-SD and HCPT-PC lipid-based formulations was effectively further increased compared with HCPT-PC.Moreover,we found that the combination of SD technology and lipid-base formulations could be a promising drug-delivery system to improve the oral bioavailability of HCPT-PC.In addition,we showed that the bioavailability of HCPT-PC lipid-base formulations was even greater than that of HCPT-PC-SD.In particular,lipid-base formulations could be prepared just by a simple method,suggesting its feasibility of industrialization.
文摘Aim To research the computer optimization design in material formulation. Methods The professional software including experimental design, mathematical modeling and optimization of single and multiple purposes was developed and applied to the formulation design for the flame retardant ethylenepropylene-diene mischpolymer (EPDM) insulation composites. With the aid of equipartition design, the mathematical models were established based on the optimization of the four properties (limiting oxygen index, volume resistance, tensile strength and elongation). Results The models from limited experiments had good significance, and the modeling analysis conclusions were in good agreement with later experiments. The optimization formulation was practically excellent. Conclusion The software enables practically a comprehensive multi-purpose use of material formulation research.
文摘Objective： To develop a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS （liquid chromatography-mass spectxometry/mass spectrometry） method applied to the detection and quantitation of UDCA （ursodeoxycholic acid） related substances such as CA （cholic acid）, DCA （deoxycholic acid）, CDCA （chenodeoxycholic acid） and LCA （lithocholic acid） in raw material and pharmaceutical formulation. Methods： The method was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness. A triple quadrupole mass detector was employed, equipped with an ESI （electrospray ionization） source operated in the negative ion mode. The chromatographic system consisted of a Symmetry C 18 column （150 mm × 4.6 mm, id; particle size 5 μm） and methanol-acetonitrile-ammonium acetate （pH 7.6; 10 mM） （40：40：20, v/v/v） as the mobile phase. The chromatographic conditions were 25 uL injection volume, flow rate of 0.4 mL/min and column temperature set at 35℃. Key tindings： The method requires a minimum sample amount and presents very low LOD （limits of detection） for CA （0.29 ng/mL）, DCA （0.59 ng/mL）, CDCA （0.13 ng/mL） and LCA （0.44 ng/mL） in comparison to LC methods coupled to different detectors like UV （ultraviolet）, fluorescence and refractive index. Conclusions： The developed and validated LC-MS/MS method for the determination of UDCA and related substances in raw material and in a suspension was advantageous since it required a minimum sample amount. In turn, it could be used as a stability indicating method.
基金Supported by Shenyang Science and Technology Plan(No.F14-199-4-00)Natural Science foundation of Liaoning Province(No.L20170540629)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81403396)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the protective effects of Lubeikangru formula(LF) on hyperplasia of the mammary glands(HMG) induced by estrogen and progesterone in mice.METHODS: Female mice were divided randomly into five groups: normal, model, tamoxifen(3 mg/kg),Rupixiao(900 mg/kg) and LF(900 mg/kg). All mice except those in the normal group were treated sequentially with estradiol and progesterone to induce HMG. From the tenth day of induction, mice in normal and model groups received distilled water and mice in the other groups were given the corresponding drugs by gavage, once a day, for 30 d.At the end of treatment, the mammary glands, ovaries, hypothalamus, and serum was collected for whole-mount and hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISAs), or western blotting.RESULTS: Whole-mount and HE staining of mammary glands showed that LF rescued(at least in part) the hyperplasic morphology of the mammary glands, and the number of branch points decreased after LF treatment(P < 0.05). ELISAs revealed that levels of estrogen and progesterone were decreased following LF treatment, whereas levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone were increased in serum and tissues. Western blotting confirmed that LF treatment led to a reduction in expression of phosphorylated(p)-Erk, p-p38 and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase. LF was also confirmed to be safe by acute-toxicity tests.CONCLUSION: LF can protect the mammary glands of mice from estrogen-and progesterone-induced hyperplasia by adjusting hormone levels and regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
文摘This paper presents a new elasticity and finite element formulation for different Young's modulus when tension and compression loadings in anisotropy media. The case studies, such as anisotropy and isotropy, were investigated. A numerical example was shown to find out the changes of neutral axis at the pure bending beams.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 11521062, 11722216)the 111 China Project (Grant B16003)+1 种基金Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant KYCX17_0226)China Scholarship Council.
文摘An axially variable-length solid element with eight nodes is proposed by integrating the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation and the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF). In addition to the nodal positions and slopes of eight nodes, two material coordinates in the axial direction are used as the generalized coordinates. As a consequence, the nodes in the ALE-ANCF are not associated with any specific material points and the axial length of the solid element can be varied over time. These two material coordinates give rise to a variable mass matrix and an additional inertial force vector. Computationally efficient formulae of the additional inertial forces and elastic forces, as well as their Jacobians, are also derived. The dynamic equation of a flexible multibody system (FMBS) with variable-length bodies is presented. The maximum and minimum lengths of the boundary elements of an FMBS have to be appropriately defined to ensure accuracy and non-singularity when solving the dynamic equation. Three numerical examples of static and dynamic problems are given to validate the variable-length solid elements of ALE-ANCF and show their capability.
文摘AIM： To develop a new formulation with hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and Shellac coating for extended and selective delivery of butyrate in the ileo-caecal region and colon. METHODS： One-gram sodium butyrate coated tablets containing ^13C-butyrate were orally administered to 12 healbhy subjects and 12 Crohn＇s disease patients and the rate of ^13C-butyrate absorption was evaluated by t3CO2 breath test analysis for eight hours. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid （500 rag） was co-administered as a biomarker of oro-ileal transit time to determine also the site of release and absorption of butyrate by the time of its serum maximum concentration. RESULTS： The coated formulation delayed the ^13C-butyrate release by 2-3 h with respect to the uncoated tablets. Sodium butyrate was delivered in the intestine of all subjects and a more variable transit time was found in Crohn＇s disease patients than in healthy subjects. The variability of the peak ^13CO2 in the kinetic release of butyrate was explained by the inter-subject variability in transit time. However, the coating chosen ensured an efficient release of the active compound even in patients with a short transit time. CONCLUSION： Simultaneous evaluation of breath ^13CO2 and tauroursodeoxycholic acid concentrationtime curves has shown that the new oral formulation consistently releases sodium butyrate in the ileo-cecal region and colon both in healthy subjects and Crohn＇s disease patients with variable intestinal transit time. This formulation may be of therapeutic value in inflammatory bowel disease patients due to the appropriate release of the active compound.
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10472066,10372057)The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.
文摘In this paper, nonlinear modeling for flexible multibody system with large deformation is investigated. Absolute nodal coordinates are employed to describe the displacement, and variational motion equations of a flexible body are derived on the basis of the geometric nonlinear theory, in which both the shear strain and the transverse normal strain are taken into account. By separating the inner and the boundary nodal coordinates, the motion equations of a flexible multibody system are assembled. The advantage of such formulation is that the constraint equations and the forward recursive equations become linear because the absolute nodal coordinates are used. A spatial double pendulum connected to the ground with a spherical joint is simulated to investigate the dynamic performance of flexible beams with large deformation. Finally, the resultant constant total energy validates the present formulation.
