This paper reviews the related formulas of Sugemule,introduces the advances in research of clinical application of these formulas in treating Heyi type insomnia,cardiac diseases,and renal diseases.Besides,it summarize...This paper reviews the related formulas of Sugemule,introduces the advances in research of clinical application of these formulas in treating Heyi type insomnia,cardiac diseases,and renal diseases.Besides,it summarizes pharmacological research advances regarding these formulas,including their anti-insomnia effects,cardioprotective properties,and ovarian function preservation capabilities.This study is expected to provide a reference and insight for in-depth and systematic research on classical Mongolian medicinal formulas.展开更多
Background Meat originating from the spent hen is an important source of poultry meat production;however,multiple factors cause the decline in the meat quality of spent hens.Chinese herbs have been widely used as medi...Background Meat originating from the spent hen is an important source of poultry meat production;however,multiple factors cause the decline in the meat quality of spent hens.Chinese herbs have been widely used as medi-cine for a long time to prevent diseases and as nutrient supplements to improve the product quality.This experi-ment explored the effects of adding 1.0%Chinese herbal formula(CHF,including 0.30%Leonurus japonicus Houtt.,0.20%Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.,0.25%Ligustrum lucidum Ait.,and 0.25%Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.)for 120 d to the spent hens’diet through metabolomics,network pharmacology,and microbiome strategies.Results The results indicated that CHF supplementation improved the meat quality by reducing drip loss(P<0.05),b*value(P=0.058),and shear force(P=0.099)and increasing cooked meat percentage(P=0.054)and dry matter(P<0.05)of breast muscle.The addition of CHF improved the nutritional value of breast muscle by increasing(P<0.05)the content of C18:2n-6,n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),total PUFA,PUFA-to-saturated fatty acids(SFA)ratio,and hypocholesterolemic-to-hypercholesterolemic ratio,and tending to increase serine content(P=0.069).The targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that the biosynthesis of SFA,linoleic acid metabolism,fatty acid degradation,fatty acid elongation,and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were enriched by CHF supplementation.Furthermore,the network pharmacology analysis indicated that CHF was closely associated with oxidative stress and lipid metabo-lism.The CHF supplementation increased the glutathione peroxidase level(P<0.05)and upregulated gene expres-sion related to the Nrf2 pathway(including HO-1,P<0.05;Nrf2,P=0.098;CAT,P=0.060;GPX1,P=0.063;and SOD2,P=0.052)and lipid metabolism(including PPARγ,P<0.05;SREBP1,P=0.059;and CPT1A,P=0.058).Additionally,CHF supplementation increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes,Spirochaetes,and Synergistetes abundances(P<0.05),which may contribute to better meat quality.Conclusions Our results suggest that CHF supplementation improved the quality and nutritional value of meat,which will provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of CHF as a feed additive in spent hens’diets.展开更多
Background:Insomnia is a prevalent clinical condition and Shangxia Liangji formula(SXLJF)is a well-established method of treatment.Nevertheless,the specific mechanism of action of SXLJF remains unclear.Methods:The mou...Background:Insomnia is a prevalent clinical condition and Shangxia Liangji formula(SXLJF)is a well-established method of treatment.Nevertheless,the specific mechanism of action of SXLJF remains unclear.Methods:The mouse model of insomnia was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine.Forty-two mice were randomly divided into a negative control group,model group,SXLJF group(18.72 g/kg/day),and positive control group(diazepam,2 mg/kg)and treated with the corresponding drugs for 7 consecutive days.The open field test and pentobarbital-induced sleeping test were conducted.LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics and network pharmacology were applied to explore the potential targets of SXLJF for treating insomnia.Finally,key targets were validated using RT-qPCR.Results:Behavioral tests demonstrated that SXLJF reduced the total distance,average velocity,central distance,and sleep latency,and prolonged sleep duration.Metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed potential targets,signaling pathways,metabolic pathways,and metabolites associated with the anti-insomnia effects of SXLJF.Specifically,tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)and tyrosine metabolism emerged as crucial metabolic pathways and targets,respectively.RT-qPCR results supported the role of TH in the mechanism of SXLJF in treating insomnia.Conclusion:In conclusion,TH and tyrosine metabolism may represent significant targets and pathways for SXLJF in treating insomnia.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of a self-designed acne-relieving Chinese herbal formula and prepare a kind of acne-removing soap according to the antibacterial effect.[Met...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of a self-designed acne-relieving Chinese herbal formula and prepare a kind of acne-removing soap according to the antibacterial effect.[Methods]Chinese herbs Lonicera japonica,Taraxacum mongolicum,Scutellaria baicalensis,Angelica dahurica,Centella asiatica and Aloe vera,were decocted with water,and the antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus albus,Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnei were tested by inhibition zone experiments.The soap base was prepared by saponification of coconut oil,palm oil,hazelnut oil and sodium hydroxide,and then the herbal liquid was added into the soap.[Results]The liquid had bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus,S.albus and P.acnes,but no inhibitory effect on C.albicans.The best bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus and S.albus was achieved at 330 mg/ml,and the best bacteriostatic effect on P.acnes was at 160 mg/ml.[Conclusions]The Chinese herbal formula has antibacterial effect.The handmade soap made from the Chinese herbal formula has the characteristics of smooth surface,moderate hardness,fine texture,rich foam and fresh smell.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism of Tangfukang formula(糖复康方,TFK)in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS:We employed network pharmacology combined with experimental validation to explore the potential ...OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism of Tangfukang formula(糖复康方,TFK)in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS:We employed network pharmacology combined with experimental validation to explore the potential mechanism of TFK against T2DM.Initially,we filtered bioactive compounds with the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP)and Symptom Mapping(Sym Map),and gathered targets of TFK and T2DM.Subsequently,we constructed a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,enriched core targets through Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),and adopted molecular docking to study the binding mode of compounds and the signaling pathway.Finally,we employed a KKAy mice model to investigate the effect and mechanism of TFK against T2DM.Biochemical assay,histology assay,and Western blot(WB)were used to assess the mechanism.RESULTS:There were 492 bioactive compounds of TFK screened,and 1226 overlapping targets of TFK against T2DM identified.A compound-T2DM-related target network with 997 nodes and 4439 edges was constructed.KEGG enrichment analysis identified some core pathways related to T2DM,including adenosine 5-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)signaling pathway.Molecular docking study revealed that compounds of TFK,including citric acid,could bind to the active pocket of AMPK crystal structure with free binding energy of-4.8,-8 and-7.9,respectively.Animal experiments indicated that TFK decreased body weight,fasting blood glucose,fasting serum insulin,homeostasis model of insulin resistance,glycosylated serum protein,total cholesterol,triglyceride,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and improve oral glucose tolerance test results.TFK reduced steatosis in liver tissue,and infiltration of inflammatory cells,and protected liver cells to a certain extent.WB analysis revealed that,TFK upregulated the phosphorylation of AMPK and branchedchainα-ketoacid dehydrogenase proteins.CONCLUSION:TFK has the potential to effectively manage T2DM,possibly by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway.The present study lays a new foundation for the therapeutic application of TFK in the treatment of T2DM.展开更多
The Gompertz model is the long-time well-known mathematical model of exponential expression among mortality models in the literature that are used to describe mortality and survival data of a population. The death rat...The Gompertz model is the long-time well-known mathematical model of exponential expression among mortality models in the literature that are used to describe mortality and survival data of a population. The death rate of the “probacent” model developed by the author based on animal experiments, clinical applications and mathematical reasoning was applied to predict age-specific death rates in the US elderly population, 2001, and to express a relationship among dose rate, duration of exposure and mortality probability in total body irradiation in humans. The results of both studies revealed a remarkable agreement between “probacent”-formula-predicted and published-reported values of death rates in the US elderly population or mortality probabilities in total body irradiation in humans (p - value > 0.995 in χ2 test in each study). In this study, both the Gompertz and “probacent” models are applied to the Sacher’s comprehensive experimental data on survival times of mice daily exposed to various doses of total body irradiation until death occurs with an assumption that each of both models is applicable to the data. The purpose of this study is to construct general formulas expressing relationship between dose rate and survival time in total body irradiation in mice. In addition, it is attempted to test which model better fits the reported data. The results of the comparative study revealed that the “probacent” model not only fit the Sacher’s reported data but also remarkably better fit the reported data than the Gompertz model. The “probacent” model might be hopefully helpful in research in human tolerance to low dose rates for long durations of exposure in total body irradiation, and further in research in a variety of biomedical phenomena.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the role and mechanism of Qufeng Jiejing(祛风解痉,QFJJ)formula in the asthma progression.METHODS:The Bagg Albino/c mice treated with Ovalbumin and AL(OH)3,and airway smooth muscle cells(ASMCs)trea...OBJECTIVE:To explore the role and mechanism of Qufeng Jiejing(祛风解痉,QFJJ)formula in the asthma progression.METHODS:The Bagg Albino/c mice treated with Ovalbumin and AL(OH)3,and airway smooth muscle cells(ASMCs)treated with platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)-BB to establish a asthma model in vivo and in vitro.The cell morphology was observed with microscope and immunofluorescence staining.The cell viability was assessed with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay.The tumor necrosis factor-αlpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1beta(IL-1β),laminin,fibronectin and collagen IV levels in the ASMCs were detected with corresponding enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits.Transwell and wound healing assays were conducted to test the cell migration.The TGF-β1,Smad2 and Smad3 levels were measured with Western blot.RESULTS:We found that QFJJ formula treatment dramatically decreased the cell viability,TNF-α,IL-1β,laminin,fibronectin and collagen IV levels in the PDGFBB stimulated ASMCs.Additionally,the protein levels of TGF-β1,Smad2 and Smad3 in the PDGF-BB stimulated ASMCs were prominently depleted after QFJJ formula treatment.Besides,SRI treatment neutralized the role of QFJJ formula in the PDGF-BB stimulated ASMCs.CONCLUSION:QFJJ formula effectively relieved the asthma progression through ameliorate the ASMCs function,which was achieved through suppressing the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.展开更多
Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of women in the process of formula feeding their infants. The World Health Organization has emphasized the importance of breastfeeding for infant health. After de...Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of women in the process of formula feeding their infants. The World Health Organization has emphasized the importance of breastfeeding for infant health. After decades of breastfeeding promotions,breastfeeding rates in Hong Kong have been rising consistently; however, the low continuation rate is alarming. This study explores women's experiences with formula feeding their infants, including factors affecting their decision to do so.Methods: A qualitative approach using an interpretative phenomenological analysis(IPA) was adopted as the study design. Data were collected from 2014 to 2015 through individual in-depth unstructured interviews with 16 women, conducted between 3 and 12 months after the birth of their infant. Data were analyzed using IPA.Results: Three main themes emerged as follows:(1) self-struggle, with the subthemes of feeling like a milk cow and feeling trapped;(2) family conflict, with the subtheme of sharing the spotlight; and(3) interpersonal tensions, with the subthemes of embarrassment,staring, and innocence. Many mothers suffered various stressors and frustrations during breastfeeding. These findings suggest a number of pertinent areas that need to be considered in preparing an infant feeding campaign.Conclusions: The findings of this study reinforce our knowledge of women's struggles with multiple sources of pressure, such as career demands, childcare demands, and family life after giving birth. All mothers should be given assistance in making informed decisions about the optimal approach to feeding their babies given their individual situation and be provided with support to pursue their chosen feeding method.展开更多
Background:This investigation aimed to evaluate the therapeutic impact of the Yigan Xiaozheng formula on liver cirrhosis in rats,particularly induced by diethylnitrosamine(DEN).The study focused on analyzing liver str...Background:This investigation aimed to evaluate the therapeutic impact of the Yigan Xiaozheng formula on liver cirrhosis in rats,particularly induced by diethylnitrosamine(DEN).The study focused on analyzing liver structure,cell apoptosis,and the modulation of the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3)signaling pathway,employing a combination of network pharmacology and experimental approaches.Methods:A DEN-induced rat model of liver cirrhosis was established to assess the formula’s effectiveness.Parameters such as overall health,liver morphology,and survival were monitored.Network pharmacology was employed to decipher the active compounds and key targets of the formula in addressing liver cirrhosis.Predictions made via network pharmacology were substantiated through experimental validation in the animal model.Results:Administration of the Yigan Xiaozheng formula led to noticeable improvements in clinical symptoms of liver cirrhosis in rats,marked by enhanced body weight,lessened liver pathology,and higher survival rates.Network pharmacological analysis unveiled intricate interactions between active ingredients of the formula and cirrhosis-related targets.Protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks pinpointed crucial proteins and regulatory modules.Enrichment analysis underscored a significant involvement of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.On a molecular scale,the formula was observed to reduce the expression of BCL-2 associated X protein(Bax)and cytochrome C(Cyt-C),diminish the Bax/B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)ratio,and impede JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation,thereby curtailing liver fibrosis and cellular apoptosis.Conclusion:The study demonstrates the Yigan Xiaozheng formula’s capacity to ameliorate liver cirrhosis in a DEN-induced model,primarily through its active ingredients’interactions with cirrhosis targets and modulation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.These findings endorse the potential of this traditional Chinese medicinal formula as a viable treatment option for liver cirrhosis.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Yanggan Jiedu Sanjie(YGJDSJ) formula on human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells.METHODS: Bel-7402 cells were treated with YGJDSJ. Cell proliferation was detected by cell count...OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Yanggan Jiedu Sanjie(YGJDSJ) formula on human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells.METHODS: Bel-7402 cells were treated with YGJDSJ. Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was identified by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometric analysis. Cell cycle distribution was quantified by flow cytometric analysis. Caspase activities were measured by commercial kit. Cell senescence was detected by senescence-associated β-galactosidase(SA-β-gal)staining. Protein expression and phosphorylation were identified by Western blot. Protein expression was knocked-down by siRNA.RESULTS: YGJDSJ inhibited proliferation of Bel-7402 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner.YGJDSJ induced apoptosis and activated caspase-3, 8, and 9 in Bel-7402 cells. YGJDSJ-induced apoptosis was completely abrogated by a pan caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK. YGJDSJ also induced cell senescence, up-regulated cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 a(CDKN1 a) and CDKN2 a expression and down-regulated retinoblastoma protein(RB) phosphorylation in Bel-7402 cells. Specific knockdown of CDKN1 a and CDKN2 a significantly reduced YGJDSJ-induce cell senescence in Bel-7402 cells.CONCLUSION: YGJDSJ inhibited cell proliferation,induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and CDKN1 a/CDKN2 a-RB signalling mediated cell senescence in Bel-7402 cells. Our findings suggest that YGJDSJ might be potential for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.展开更多
A clear relationship between dose of radiation and mortality in humans is still not known because of lack of human data that would enable to determine human tolerance in total body irradiation. Human data for analysis...A clear relationship between dose of radiation and mortality in humans is still not known because of lack of human data that would enable to determine human tolerance in total body irradiation. Human data for analysis have been primarily from radiation accidents, radiotherapy and the atomic bomb victims. A general formula that predicts mortality probability as a function of dose rate and duration of exposure to acute high dose ionizing radiation in humans was published by the author, applying the “probacent” model to the reported data on animal-model-predicted dose versus mortality. In this study, the “probacent” model is applied to the data on dose versus cancer mortality risk, published by the United Nations (UNSCEAR, 2010) and other investigators to construct general formulas expressing a relationship between dose and solid cancer or leukemia mortality probability after exposure to acute low dose ionizing radiation in humans. There is a remarkable agreement between formula-derived and published values of dose and solid cancer or leukemia mortality probability (p > 0.99). The general formula might be helpful in preventing radiation hazard and injury in acute low dose ionizing radiation, and for safety in radiotherapy.展开更多
This article reviews the study,“Fanlian huazhuo formula alleviates high-fat-dietinduced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating autophagy and lipid synthesis signaling pathway”published in the World Journal o...This article reviews the study,“Fanlian huazhuo formula alleviates high-fat-dietinduced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating autophagy and lipid synthesis signaling pathway”published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology.The study explores the therapeutic potential of Fanlian Huazhuo formula(FLHZF)in treating metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),demonstrating that FLHZF reduces lipid accumulation,oxidative stress,and liver injury in MASLD models by modulating key signaling pathways involved in lipid metabolism and autophagy.This editorial emphasizes the potential of FLHZF as a treatment for MASLD and calls for further research to verify its clinical efficacy.展开更多
Contrary to the opinion about approximation nature of a simple-iteration method, the exact solution of a system of linear algebraic equations (SLAE) in a finite number of iterations with a stationary matrix is demonst...Contrary to the opinion about approximation nature of a simple-iteration method, the exact solution of a system of linear algebraic equations (SLAE) in a finite number of iterations with a stationary matrix is demonstrated. We present a theorem and its proof that confirms the possibility to obtain the finite process and imposes the requirement for the matrix of SLAE. This matrix must be unipotent, i.e. all its eigenvalues to be equal to 1. An example of transformation of SLAE given analytically to the form with a unipotent matrix is presented. It is shown that splitting the unipotent matrix into identity and nilpotent ones results in Cramer’s analytical formulas in a finite number of iterations.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of Qingxin Fupi Jieyu formula(the herbal formula has the function of clear away the heart fire,tonify spleen,and relieve depression,QXFPJYF)in treating dig...Objective:This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of Qingxin Fupi Jieyu formula(the herbal formula has the function of clear away the heart fire,tonify spleen,and relieve depression,QXFPJYF)in treating digestive tract cancer-related cognitive impairment(CRCI).Methods:28 subjects with digestive tract CRCI were treated with QXFPJYF for 6 weeks.The scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination were observed at four-time points(baseline,week 2,week 4,week 6).Besides,anxiety and depression scores and tumor markers were measured.Results:The scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and various fields were elevated steadily after treatment,such as visuospatial/executive,attention,language,delayed recall,and orientation.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)besides language score.The scores of Mini-Mental State Examination and various factors were elevated gradually at week 2,week 4 and week 6,including language and praxis,attention and calculation,recall and orientation,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)except for recall score.The results also showed the change of tumor markers were not obvious,but anxious and depressed emotions were improved.More importantly,no subjects developed with obvious adverse reactions during the study.Conclusion:The finding indicated that QXFPJYF treated digestive tract CRCI with great efficacy and safety,which improved cognitive function from several fields.Nevertheless,the current study was limited by sample and medical ethics,and which was a self-control trial,some limitations needed to be acknowledged,further high-quality research is required to explore and verify it.展开更多
The relationship E = −K holds between the energy E and kinetic energy K of the electron constituting a hydrogen atom. If the kinetic energy of the electron is determined based on that relationship, then the ...The relationship E = −K holds between the energy E and kinetic energy K of the electron constituting a hydrogen atom. If the kinetic energy of the electron is determined based on that relationship, then the energy levels of the hydrogen atom are also determined. In classical quantum theory, there is a formula called the Rydberg formula for calculating the wavelength of a photon emitted by an electron. In this paper, in contrast, the formula for the wavelength of a photon is derived from the relativistic energy levels of a hydrogen atom derived by the author. The results show that, although the Rydberg constant is classically a physical constant, it cannot be regarded as a fundamental physical constant if the theory of relativity is taken into account.展开更多
Background:The Shenlian formula demonstrates therapeutic bmodelenefits for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Yet,its effectiveness in mitigating renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF)and the pharmacological underpinnings remain ...Background:The Shenlian formula demonstrates therapeutic bmodelenefits for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Yet,its effectiveness in mitigating renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF)and the pharmacological underpinnings remain to be elucidated.This investigation seeks to delineate some of the formula’s potential mechanisms via experimental validation.Methods:The study initiated by inducing a DKD in rats through unilateral nephrectomy combined with streptozotocin(STZ)administration and an advanced glycation end products-bovine serum albumin(AGE-BSA)induced DKD model in HK-2 cells to assess the Shenlian formula’s renal protective effects.Renal tissues underwent pathological and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate improvements in RIF.Mechanistic insights were further obtained through techniques such as Western Blot,immunofluorescence,co-immunoprecipitation,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and protein docking analyses.Results:Shenlian formula could enhance renal function,alleviate tubular damage,suppress epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),reduce extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition,and thus decelerate RIF progression.It notably decreased the expression of markers associated with pyroptosis(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC),caspase1,cleaved-caspase1,gasdermin D(GSDMD),GSDMD-N,interleukin-18(IL-18),interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)),effectively inhibiting renal cell pyroptosis.Moreover,the formula facilitated autophagy substrate(sequestosome 1(p62))degradation,efficiently restoring the autophagy pathway.It also modulated autophagy,impacting cell pyroptosis regulation.Conclusion:The Shenlian formula potentially inhibits cellular pyroptosis by modulating the autophagy pathway,thereby diminishing inflammation-induced renal injury and fibrosis.This finding suggests a novel therapeutic approach for managing DKD-induced fibrosis.展开更多
Cronobacter spp.has strong resistance to desiccation and high permeability in Enterobacteriaceae,and powdered infant formula(PIF)is one of the main contamination routes.In recent years,the contamination of Cronobacter...Cronobacter spp.has strong resistance to desiccation and high permeability in Enterobacteriaceae,and powdered infant formula(PIF)is one of the main contamination routes.In recent years,the contamination of Cronobacter spp.in PIF incidents occurs from time to time,causing infant serious diseases or death.In this investigation,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the phenotypes of 35 Cronobacter strains isolated from PIF and its processing environment.Subsequently,the isolates were evaluated for drying and osmotic pressure tolerance.The results showed that the deactivation rate of the strains ranged from 9.01%to 77.57%,and the highest osmotic pressure condition the strains could tolerate was 6 g/100 mL Na Cl.In addition,there was a positive correlation between biofilm formation ability and desiccation resistance.Combined with transcriptomics,Cronobacter spp.could activate biofilm synthesis,produce more trehalose,accumulate betaine and electrolytes to stabilize intracellular structure under the two treatment conditions.A total of 31 and 43 genes were found related to desiccation and permeability resistance,respectively.And some genes(cysM,thuF,ycjO,etc.)were found to be associated with two tolerances for the first time.展开更多
OBJECTIVES:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Jianpi formulas(健脾剂)in reducing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma(CRA)after polypectomy.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)investigating Jian...OBJECTIVES:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Jianpi formulas(健脾剂)in reducing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma(CRA)after polypectomy.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)investigating Jianpi formulas for CRA post-polypectomy were systematically retrieved from eight electronic databases.The quality of the methodology was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool.The Grades of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation(GRADE)approach was employed for evidence assessment.Statistical analyses were conducted using Statistics and Data Analysis(STATA)17(StataCorp(College Station,TX,USA)and Review Manager(RevMan)5.4(The Cochrane Collaboration(London,UK).RESULTS:The Meta-analysis,encompassing 18 RCTs with 1838 patients,revealed that Jianpi formulas significantly outperformed postoperative routine treatment.It demonstrated a reduction in the half-year recurrence rate[relative risk(RR)=0.41,95%confidence interval(CI)=0.33-0.49,Z=9.08,P<0.00001],the oneyear recurrence rate[RR=0.58,95%CI=0.49-0.69,Z=6.12,P<0.00001],and an enhancement in the clinical effective rate[RR=1.27,95%CI=1.19-1.36,Z=7.06,P<0.00001].The half-year recurrence rate and the clinical effective rate were medium-quality evidence.The one-year recurrence rate was low-quality evidence.Additionally,Jianpi formulas appear to be safe and do not increase adverse reactions compared to postoperative routine treatment alone.CONCLUSION:Jianpi formulas exhibit efficacy in reducing postoperative half-year and one-year recurrence rates while improving the clinical effective rate after polypectomy for CRA.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical efficacy of the Chinese medicine,Neibu Huangqi Youhua formula(内补黄芪汤优化方)combined with Kangfuxin solution(康复新液)for the nursing of patients after anal fistula surgery.METHODS...OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical efficacy of the Chinese medicine,Neibu Huangqi Youhua formula(内补黄芪汤优化方)combined with Kangfuxin solution(康复新液)for the nursing of patients after anal fistula surgery.METHODS:A total of 160 cases with anal fistula who underwent surgical treatment were recruited,and divided into control group(treated with external application of Kangfuxin liquid gauze)and experimental group(receiving the Neibu Huangqi Youhua formula combined with Kangfuxin liquid gauze)based on a random numbering table.The wound recovery,postoperative pain and inflammation were evaluated and compared between the two groups.RESULTS:At 3,7,and 14 d after the operation,the wound healing rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at any time point.The visual analogue scale scores of the two groups gradually decreased in a time-dependent manner after surgery,while the experimental group showed a more significant downward trend in comparison with the control group.At 14 d after the operation,the experimental group had high levels of epidermal growth factor,fibroblast growth factor-1,secretory Ig A,tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1,5-hydroxytryptamine,prostaglandin E-2,substances P and neuropeptide Y compared with control group,but low levels of C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,and serum amyloid A protein.CONCLUSIONS:The Neibu Huangqi Youhua formula can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors and pain mediators in patients after anal fistula surgery,thereby accelerating the process of wound healing and alleviating the pain of patients.展开更多
Background:Atherosclerosis(AS)is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease,and plaque stability plays a critical role in preventing acute events.Tanyu Tongzhi formula(TTF),a traditional Chinese medicine,has potential...Background:Atherosclerosis(AS)is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease,and plaque stability plays a critical role in preventing acute events.Tanyu Tongzhi formula(TTF),a traditional Chinese medicine,has potential therapeutic effects on AS.Methods:We used an AS animal model to examine the effects of TTF on atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and CD40^(+)monocyte differentiation.AS plaque area,collagen content,and lipid area were assessed using histological staining.AS plaque-related biomarkers(monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1),monocyte plus macrophage(MOMA-2),von Willebrand factor(vWF),CD31,and alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA))were detected using immunohistochemistry.Inflammatory cytokines were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.CD40 mRNA expression was detected by real-time quantitative PCR.CD40^(+)monocyte differentiation was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis in ApoE-/-mice and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs).AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathways-related protein expression was investigated through western blotting.Results:TTF treatment reduced AS plaque area,collagen content,and lipid area in AS model mice.Levels of MCP-1,MOMA-2,vWF,and CD31 were decreased,whileα-SMA level was increased by TTF in model mice.TTF reduced inflammatory cytokines levels,including tumor necrosis factor receptor-α(TNF-α),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and interleukin-6(IL-6).TTF inhibited CD40^(+)monocyte differentiation and decreased the number of CD40^(+)/CD40-and Ly6C^(+)/Ly6C-cells and M1/M2 ratio in AS model mice and human PBMCs.Additionally,TTF modulated the AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in human PBMCs.Conclusion:TTF attenuates atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability by inhibiting CD40^(+)monocyte differentiation,possibly through the regulation of the AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.These findings suggest that TTF could be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing plaque rupture and subsequent cardiovascular events in patients with AS.展开更多
基金Supported by Laboratory Open Fund Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University in 2024(2024ZN20)Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Open Fund Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(GX20240003)+2 种基金Inner Mongolia Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center Achievement Transformation and Cultivation Project(MYYXTPY202402)Project of Construction of Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(RZ2400000451)Project of Construction of Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research Platform in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(DC2400000724).
文摘This paper reviews the related formulas of Sugemule,introduces the advances in research of clinical application of these formulas in treating Heyi type insomnia,cardiac diseases,and renal diseases.Besides,it summarizes pharmacological research advances regarding these formulas,including their anti-insomnia effects,cardioprotective properties,and ovarian function preservation capabilities.This study is expected to provide a reference and insight for in-depth and systematic research on classical Mongolian medicinal formulas.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2022YFC3400700)the City-School Cooperation Project of the Fuyang Science and Technology Special Fund undertaken by Fuyang Normal University(SXHZ2020007)+1 种基金the Basic Research Program of Shenzhen Municipal Government(JCYJ20200109114242138)the Special Commissioner for Rural Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(KTP20210345).
文摘Background Meat originating from the spent hen is an important source of poultry meat production;however,multiple factors cause the decline in the meat quality of spent hens.Chinese herbs have been widely used as medi-cine for a long time to prevent diseases and as nutrient supplements to improve the product quality.This experi-ment explored the effects of adding 1.0%Chinese herbal formula(CHF,including 0.30%Leonurus japonicus Houtt.,0.20%Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.,0.25%Ligustrum lucidum Ait.,and 0.25%Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.)for 120 d to the spent hens’diet through metabolomics,network pharmacology,and microbiome strategies.Results The results indicated that CHF supplementation improved the meat quality by reducing drip loss(P<0.05),b*value(P=0.058),and shear force(P=0.099)and increasing cooked meat percentage(P=0.054)and dry matter(P<0.05)of breast muscle.The addition of CHF improved the nutritional value of breast muscle by increasing(P<0.05)the content of C18:2n-6,n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),total PUFA,PUFA-to-saturated fatty acids(SFA)ratio,and hypocholesterolemic-to-hypercholesterolemic ratio,and tending to increase serine content(P=0.069).The targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that the biosynthesis of SFA,linoleic acid metabolism,fatty acid degradation,fatty acid elongation,and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were enriched by CHF supplementation.Furthermore,the network pharmacology analysis indicated that CHF was closely associated with oxidative stress and lipid metabo-lism.The CHF supplementation increased the glutathione peroxidase level(P<0.05)and upregulated gene expres-sion related to the Nrf2 pathway(including HO-1,P<0.05;Nrf2,P=0.098;CAT,P=0.060;GPX1,P=0.063;and SOD2,P=0.052)and lipid metabolism(including PPARγ,P<0.05;SREBP1,P=0.059;and CPT1A,P=0.058).Additionally,CHF supplementation increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes,Spirochaetes,and Synergistetes abundances(P<0.05),which may contribute to better meat quality.Conclusions Our results suggest that CHF supplementation improved the quality and nutritional value of meat,which will provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of CHF as a feed additive in spent hens’diets.
基金Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ40510)General Guidance Project of Hunan Health Commission(202203074169)+1 种基金Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Guidance Project of Hunan Province(2021SK51901)and Key Guiding Projects of Hunan Health Commission(20201918)for supporting this study.
文摘Background:Insomnia is a prevalent clinical condition and Shangxia Liangji formula(SXLJF)is a well-established method of treatment.Nevertheless,the specific mechanism of action of SXLJF remains unclear.Methods:The mouse model of insomnia was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine.Forty-two mice were randomly divided into a negative control group,model group,SXLJF group(18.72 g/kg/day),and positive control group(diazepam,2 mg/kg)and treated with the corresponding drugs for 7 consecutive days.The open field test and pentobarbital-induced sleeping test were conducted.LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics and network pharmacology were applied to explore the potential targets of SXLJF for treating insomnia.Finally,key targets were validated using RT-qPCR.Results:Behavioral tests demonstrated that SXLJF reduced the total distance,average velocity,central distance,and sleep latency,and prolonged sleep duration.Metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed potential targets,signaling pathways,metabolic pathways,and metabolites associated with the anti-insomnia effects of SXLJF.Specifically,tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)and tyrosine metabolism emerged as crucial metabolic pathways and targets,respectively.RT-qPCR results supported the role of TH in the mechanism of SXLJF in treating insomnia.Conclusion:In conclusion,TH and tyrosine metabolism may represent significant targets and pathways for SXLJF in treating insomnia.
基金Supported by National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine in 2022(202210600026).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect of a self-designed acne-relieving Chinese herbal formula and prepare a kind of acne-removing soap according to the antibacterial effect.[Methods]Chinese herbs Lonicera japonica,Taraxacum mongolicum,Scutellaria baicalensis,Angelica dahurica,Centella asiatica and Aloe vera,were decocted with water,and the antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus albus,Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnei were tested by inhibition zone experiments.The soap base was prepared by saponification of coconut oil,palm oil,hazelnut oil and sodium hydroxide,and then the herbal liquid was added into the soap.[Results]The liquid had bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus,S.albus and P.acnes,but no inhibitory effect on C.albicans.The best bacteriostatic effect on S.aureus and S.albus was achieved at 330 mg/ml,and the best bacteriostatic effect on P.acnes was at 160 mg/ml.[Conclusions]The Chinese herbal formula has antibacterial effect.The handmade soap made from the Chinese herbal formula has the characteristics of smooth surface,moderate hardness,fine texture,rich foam and fresh smell.
基金Tsinghua Precision Medicine Foundation:Tangfukang Plays the Therapeutic Role in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Qi and Yin Deficiency Syndrome by Regulating the Intestinal Flora Mediated Branched-chain Amino Acids-Phosphatidylinositide 3-Kinases-Protein Kinase B Signaling Pathway(grant number 10001020105)National Natural Science Foundation of China:Tangfukang Plays the Therapeutic Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating the Intestinal Flora Mediated Adiponectin-adenosine 5-Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase-branched-chain Amino Acids Signaling Pathway(grant number 82104812)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism of Tangfukang formula(糖复康方,TFK)in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS:We employed network pharmacology combined with experimental validation to explore the potential mechanism of TFK against T2DM.Initially,we filtered bioactive compounds with the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP)and Symptom Mapping(Sym Map),and gathered targets of TFK and T2DM.Subsequently,we constructed a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,enriched core targets through Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),and adopted molecular docking to study the binding mode of compounds and the signaling pathway.Finally,we employed a KKAy mice model to investigate the effect and mechanism of TFK against T2DM.Biochemical assay,histology assay,and Western blot(WB)were used to assess the mechanism.RESULTS:There were 492 bioactive compounds of TFK screened,and 1226 overlapping targets of TFK against T2DM identified.A compound-T2DM-related target network with 997 nodes and 4439 edges was constructed.KEGG enrichment analysis identified some core pathways related to T2DM,including adenosine 5-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)signaling pathway.Molecular docking study revealed that compounds of TFK,including citric acid,could bind to the active pocket of AMPK crystal structure with free binding energy of-4.8,-8 and-7.9,respectively.Animal experiments indicated that TFK decreased body weight,fasting blood glucose,fasting serum insulin,homeostasis model of insulin resistance,glycosylated serum protein,total cholesterol,triglyceride,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and improve oral glucose tolerance test results.TFK reduced steatosis in liver tissue,and infiltration of inflammatory cells,and protected liver cells to a certain extent.WB analysis revealed that,TFK upregulated the phosphorylation of AMPK and branchedchainα-ketoacid dehydrogenase proteins.CONCLUSION:TFK has the potential to effectively manage T2DM,possibly by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway.The present study lays a new foundation for the therapeutic application of TFK in the treatment of T2DM.
文摘The Gompertz model is the long-time well-known mathematical model of exponential expression among mortality models in the literature that are used to describe mortality and survival data of a population. The death rate of the “probacent” model developed by the author based on animal experiments, clinical applications and mathematical reasoning was applied to predict age-specific death rates in the US elderly population, 2001, and to express a relationship among dose rate, duration of exposure and mortality probability in total body irradiation in humans. The results of both studies revealed a remarkable agreement between “probacent”-formula-predicted and published-reported values of death rates in the US elderly population or mortality probabilities in total body irradiation in humans (p - value > 0.995 in χ2 test in each study). In this study, both the Gompertz and “probacent” models are applied to the Sacher’s comprehensive experimental data on survival times of mice daily exposed to various doses of total body irradiation until death occurs with an assumption that each of both models is applicable to the data. The purpose of this study is to construct general formulas expressing relationship between dose rate and survival time in total body irradiation in mice. In addition, it is attempted to test which model better fits the reported data. The results of the comparative study revealed that the “probacent” model not only fit the Sacher’s reported data but also remarkably better fit the reported data than the Gompertz model. The “probacent” model might be hopefully helpful in research in human tolerance to low dose rates for long durations of exposure in total body irradiation, and further in research in a variety of biomedical phenomena.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences of Study on the Mechanism of Qufeng Jiejing Formula in Regulating Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Phenotypic Transformation of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells in Asthma(No.CI2021A01108)Cultivation Project of The National Natural Science Foundation of China of Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences of Research on the Role of Traditional Chinese Medicines-Qufeng Jiejing in the Proliferation,Migration and Phenotypic Transformation of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells in Asthma(No.XY20-17)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the role and mechanism of Qufeng Jiejing(祛风解痉,QFJJ)formula in the asthma progression.METHODS:The Bagg Albino/c mice treated with Ovalbumin and AL(OH)3,and airway smooth muscle cells(ASMCs)treated with platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)-BB to establish a asthma model in vivo and in vitro.The cell morphology was observed with microscope and immunofluorescence staining.The cell viability was assessed with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay.The tumor necrosis factor-αlpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1beta(IL-1β),laminin,fibronectin and collagen IV levels in the ASMCs were detected with corresponding enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits.Transwell and wound healing assays were conducted to test the cell migration.The TGF-β1,Smad2 and Smad3 levels were measured with Western blot.RESULTS:We found that QFJJ formula treatment dramatically decreased the cell viability,TNF-α,IL-1β,laminin,fibronectin and collagen IV levels in the PDGFBB stimulated ASMCs.Additionally,the protein levels of TGF-β1,Smad2 and Smad3 in the PDGF-BB stimulated ASMCs were prominently depleted after QFJJ formula treatment.Besides,SRI treatment neutralized the role of QFJJ formula in the PDGF-BB stimulated ASMCs.CONCLUSION:QFJJ formula effectively relieved the asthma progression through ameliorate the ASMCs function,which was achieved through suppressing the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.
文摘Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of women in the process of formula feeding their infants. The World Health Organization has emphasized the importance of breastfeeding for infant health. After decades of breastfeeding promotions,breastfeeding rates in Hong Kong have been rising consistently; however, the low continuation rate is alarming. This study explores women's experiences with formula feeding their infants, including factors affecting their decision to do so.Methods: A qualitative approach using an interpretative phenomenological analysis(IPA) was adopted as the study design. Data were collected from 2014 to 2015 through individual in-depth unstructured interviews with 16 women, conducted between 3 and 12 months after the birth of their infant. Data were analyzed using IPA.Results: Three main themes emerged as follows:(1) self-struggle, with the subthemes of feeling like a milk cow and feeling trapped;(2) family conflict, with the subtheme of sharing the spotlight; and(3) interpersonal tensions, with the subthemes of embarrassment,staring, and innocence. Many mothers suffered various stressors and frustrations during breastfeeding. These findings suggest a number of pertinent areas that need to be considered in preparing an infant feeding campaign.Conclusions: The findings of this study reinforce our knowledge of women's struggles with multiple sources of pressure, such as career demands, childcare demands, and family life after giving birth. All mothers should be given assistance in making informed decisions about the optimal approach to feeding their babies given their individual situation and be provided with support to pursue their chosen feeding method.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant Program(No.81603555).
文摘Background:This investigation aimed to evaluate the therapeutic impact of the Yigan Xiaozheng formula on liver cirrhosis in rats,particularly induced by diethylnitrosamine(DEN).The study focused on analyzing liver structure,cell apoptosis,and the modulation of the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3)signaling pathway,employing a combination of network pharmacology and experimental approaches.Methods:A DEN-induced rat model of liver cirrhosis was established to assess the formula’s effectiveness.Parameters such as overall health,liver morphology,and survival were monitored.Network pharmacology was employed to decipher the active compounds and key targets of the formula in addressing liver cirrhosis.Predictions made via network pharmacology were substantiated through experimental validation in the animal model.Results:Administration of the Yigan Xiaozheng formula led to noticeable improvements in clinical symptoms of liver cirrhosis in rats,marked by enhanced body weight,lessened liver pathology,and higher survival rates.Network pharmacological analysis unveiled intricate interactions between active ingredients of the formula and cirrhosis-related targets.Protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks pinpointed crucial proteins and regulatory modules.Enrichment analysis underscored a significant involvement of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.On a molecular scale,the formula was observed to reduce the expression of BCL-2 associated X protein(Bax)and cytochrome C(Cyt-C),diminish the Bax/B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)ratio,and impede JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation,thereby curtailing liver fibrosis and cellular apoptosis.Conclusion:The study demonstrates the Yigan Xiaozheng formula’s capacity to ameliorate liver cirrhosis in a DEN-induced model,primarily through its active ingredients’interactions with cirrhosis targets and modulation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.These findings endorse the potential of this traditional Chinese medicinal formula as a viable treatment option for liver cirrhosis.
基金Key Basic Research Program from Science&Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.09JC1413600)Program from Science&Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.16401902500)Three-year Action Program of Shanghai Municipality for Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.ZY3-CCCX-3-3025)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Yanggan Jiedu Sanjie(YGJDSJ) formula on human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells.METHODS: Bel-7402 cells were treated with YGJDSJ. Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was identified by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometric analysis. Cell cycle distribution was quantified by flow cytometric analysis. Caspase activities were measured by commercial kit. Cell senescence was detected by senescence-associated β-galactosidase(SA-β-gal)staining. Protein expression and phosphorylation were identified by Western blot. Protein expression was knocked-down by siRNA.RESULTS: YGJDSJ inhibited proliferation of Bel-7402 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner.YGJDSJ induced apoptosis and activated caspase-3, 8, and 9 in Bel-7402 cells. YGJDSJ-induced apoptosis was completely abrogated by a pan caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK. YGJDSJ also induced cell senescence, up-regulated cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 a(CDKN1 a) and CDKN2 a expression and down-regulated retinoblastoma protein(RB) phosphorylation in Bel-7402 cells. Specific knockdown of CDKN1 a and CDKN2 a significantly reduced YGJDSJ-induce cell senescence in Bel-7402 cells.CONCLUSION: YGJDSJ inhibited cell proliferation,induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and CDKN1 a/CDKN2 a-RB signalling mediated cell senescence in Bel-7402 cells. Our findings suggest that YGJDSJ might be potential for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
文摘A clear relationship between dose of radiation and mortality in humans is still not known because of lack of human data that would enable to determine human tolerance in total body irradiation. Human data for analysis have been primarily from radiation accidents, radiotherapy and the atomic bomb victims. A general formula that predicts mortality probability as a function of dose rate and duration of exposure to acute high dose ionizing radiation in humans was published by the author, applying the “probacent” model to the reported data on animal-model-predicted dose versus mortality. In this study, the “probacent” model is applied to the data on dose versus cancer mortality risk, published by the United Nations (UNSCEAR, 2010) and other investigators to construct general formulas expressing a relationship between dose and solid cancer or leukemia mortality probability after exposure to acute low dose ionizing radiation in humans. There is a remarkable agreement between formula-derived and published values of dose and solid cancer or leukemia mortality probability (p > 0.99). The general formula might be helpful in preventing radiation hazard and injury in acute low dose ionizing radiation, and for safety in radiotherapy.
文摘This article reviews the study,“Fanlian huazhuo formula alleviates high-fat-dietinduced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating autophagy and lipid synthesis signaling pathway”published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology.The study explores the therapeutic potential of Fanlian Huazhuo formula(FLHZF)in treating metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),demonstrating that FLHZF reduces lipid accumulation,oxidative stress,and liver injury in MASLD models by modulating key signaling pathways involved in lipid metabolism and autophagy.This editorial emphasizes the potential of FLHZF as a treatment for MASLD and calls for further research to verify its clinical efficacy.
文摘Contrary to the opinion about approximation nature of a simple-iteration method, the exact solution of a system of linear algebraic equations (SLAE) in a finite number of iterations with a stationary matrix is demonstrated. We present a theorem and its proof that confirms the possibility to obtain the finite process and imposes the requirement for the matrix of SLAE. This matrix must be unipotent, i.e. all its eigenvalues to be equal to 1. An example of transformation of SLAE given analytically to the form with a unipotent matrix is presented. It is shown that splitting the unipotent matrix into identity and nilpotent ones results in Cramer’s analytical formulas in a finite number of iterations.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of Qingxin Fupi Jieyu formula(the herbal formula has the function of clear away the heart fire,tonify spleen,and relieve depression,QXFPJYF)in treating digestive tract cancer-related cognitive impairment(CRCI).Methods:28 subjects with digestive tract CRCI were treated with QXFPJYF for 6 weeks.The scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination were observed at four-time points(baseline,week 2,week 4,week 6).Besides,anxiety and depression scores and tumor markers were measured.Results:The scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and various fields were elevated steadily after treatment,such as visuospatial/executive,attention,language,delayed recall,and orientation.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)besides language score.The scores of Mini-Mental State Examination and various factors were elevated gradually at week 2,week 4 and week 6,including language and praxis,attention and calculation,recall and orientation,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)except for recall score.The results also showed the change of tumor markers were not obvious,but anxious and depressed emotions were improved.More importantly,no subjects developed with obvious adverse reactions during the study.Conclusion:The finding indicated that QXFPJYF treated digestive tract CRCI with great efficacy and safety,which improved cognitive function from several fields.Nevertheless,the current study was limited by sample and medical ethics,and which was a self-control trial,some limitations needed to be acknowledged,further high-quality research is required to explore and verify it.
文摘The relationship E = −K holds between the energy E and kinetic energy K of the electron constituting a hydrogen atom. If the kinetic energy of the electron is determined based on that relationship, then the energy levels of the hydrogen atom are also determined. In classical quantum theory, there is a formula called the Rydberg formula for calculating the wavelength of a photon emitted by an electron. In this paper, in contrast, the formula for the wavelength of a photon is derived from the relativistic energy levels of a hydrogen atom derived by the author. The results show that, although the Rydberg constant is classically a physical constant, it cannot be regarded as a fundamental physical constant if the theory of relativity is taken into account.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82374382,82074361,82274293)school-level major project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(2023-JYB-JBZD-037)+1 种基金hospital-level project of Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(DZMG-XZYY-23002)Chinese Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practical Project(ZSL-003-02)。
文摘Background:The Shenlian formula demonstrates therapeutic bmodelenefits for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Yet,its effectiveness in mitigating renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF)and the pharmacological underpinnings remain to be elucidated.This investigation seeks to delineate some of the formula’s potential mechanisms via experimental validation.Methods:The study initiated by inducing a DKD in rats through unilateral nephrectomy combined with streptozotocin(STZ)administration and an advanced glycation end products-bovine serum albumin(AGE-BSA)induced DKD model in HK-2 cells to assess the Shenlian formula’s renal protective effects.Renal tissues underwent pathological and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate improvements in RIF.Mechanistic insights were further obtained through techniques such as Western Blot,immunofluorescence,co-immunoprecipitation,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and protein docking analyses.Results:Shenlian formula could enhance renal function,alleviate tubular damage,suppress epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),reduce extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition,and thus decelerate RIF progression.It notably decreased the expression of markers associated with pyroptosis(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC),caspase1,cleaved-caspase1,gasdermin D(GSDMD),GSDMD-N,interleukin-18(IL-18),interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)),effectively inhibiting renal cell pyroptosis.Moreover,the formula facilitated autophagy substrate(sequestosome 1(p62))degradation,efficiently restoring the autophagy pathway.It also modulated autophagy,impacting cell pyroptosis regulation.Conclusion:The Shenlian formula potentially inhibits cellular pyroptosis by modulating the autophagy pathway,thereby diminishing inflammation-induced renal injury and fibrosis.This finding suggests a novel therapeutic approach for managing DKD-induced fibrosis.
基金supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20272)。
文摘Cronobacter spp.has strong resistance to desiccation and high permeability in Enterobacteriaceae,and powdered infant formula(PIF)is one of the main contamination routes.In recent years,the contamination of Cronobacter spp.in PIF incidents occurs from time to time,causing infant serious diseases or death.In this investigation,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the phenotypes of 35 Cronobacter strains isolated from PIF and its processing environment.Subsequently,the isolates were evaluated for drying and osmotic pressure tolerance.The results showed that the deactivation rate of the strains ranged from 9.01%to 77.57%,and the highest osmotic pressure condition the strains could tolerate was 6 g/100 mL Na Cl.In addition,there was a positive correlation between biofilm formation ability and desiccation resistance.Combined with transcriptomics,Cronobacter spp.could activate biofilm synthesis,produce more trehalose,accumulate betaine and electrolytes to stabilize intracellular structure under the two treatment conditions.A total of 31 and 43 genes were found related to desiccation and permeability resistance,respectively.And some genes(cysM,thuF,ycjO,etc.)were found to be associated with two tolerances for the first time.
基金Jinhua Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Research Project:Gut Microbiota Distribution Characteristics in Spleen-Deficiency Colorectal Adenoma Patients(No.2023KR04)Jinhua Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Major Research Project:Clinical Efficacy and Mechanism of Shugan Jianpi Tiaochang Pills in Preventing Postoperative Recurrence of Colorectal Adenomas based on Metabolomics Technology(No.2024ZD03)。
文摘OBJECTIVES:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Jianpi formulas(健脾剂)in reducing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma(CRA)after polypectomy.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)investigating Jianpi formulas for CRA post-polypectomy were systematically retrieved from eight electronic databases.The quality of the methodology was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool.The Grades of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation(GRADE)approach was employed for evidence assessment.Statistical analyses were conducted using Statistics and Data Analysis(STATA)17(StataCorp(College Station,TX,USA)and Review Manager(RevMan)5.4(The Cochrane Collaboration(London,UK).RESULTS:The Meta-analysis,encompassing 18 RCTs with 1838 patients,revealed that Jianpi formulas significantly outperformed postoperative routine treatment.It demonstrated a reduction in the half-year recurrence rate[relative risk(RR)=0.41,95%confidence interval(CI)=0.33-0.49,Z=9.08,P<0.00001],the oneyear recurrence rate[RR=0.58,95%CI=0.49-0.69,Z=6.12,P<0.00001],and an enhancement in the clinical effective rate[RR=1.27,95%CI=1.19-1.36,Z=7.06,P<0.00001].The half-year recurrence rate and the clinical effective rate were medium-quality evidence.The one-year recurrence rate was low-quality evidence.Additionally,Jianpi formulas appear to be safe and do not increase adverse reactions compared to postoperative routine treatment alone.CONCLUSION:Jianpi formulas exhibit efficacy in reducing postoperative half-year and one-year recurrence rates while improving the clinical effective rate after polypectomy for CRA.
基金a Grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China:CRL4DCAF4 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Regulates the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer(No.82172909)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical efficacy of the Chinese medicine,Neibu Huangqi Youhua formula(内补黄芪汤优化方)combined with Kangfuxin solution(康复新液)for the nursing of patients after anal fistula surgery.METHODS:A total of 160 cases with anal fistula who underwent surgical treatment were recruited,and divided into control group(treated with external application of Kangfuxin liquid gauze)and experimental group(receiving the Neibu Huangqi Youhua formula combined with Kangfuxin liquid gauze)based on a random numbering table.The wound recovery,postoperative pain and inflammation were evaluated and compared between the two groups.RESULTS:At 3,7,and 14 d after the operation,the wound healing rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at any time point.The visual analogue scale scores of the two groups gradually decreased in a time-dependent manner after surgery,while the experimental group showed a more significant downward trend in comparison with the control group.At 14 d after the operation,the experimental group had high levels of epidermal growth factor,fibroblast growth factor-1,secretory Ig A,tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1,5-hydroxytryptamine,prostaglandin E-2,substances P and neuropeptide Y compared with control group,but low levels of C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,and serum amyloid A protein.CONCLUSIONS:The Neibu Huangqi Youhua formula can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors and pain mediators in patients after anal fistula surgery,thereby accelerating the process of wound healing and alleviating the pain of patients.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(grant number LY20H290005)Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(grant number 2020C03119)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 81673706,81973579,82174150)Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine(grant number 2018ZY005)TCM science and Technology Foundation Project of Zhejiang Province(grant number 2023ZL411).
文摘Background:Atherosclerosis(AS)is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease,and plaque stability plays a critical role in preventing acute events.Tanyu Tongzhi formula(TTF),a traditional Chinese medicine,has potential therapeutic effects on AS.Methods:We used an AS animal model to examine the effects of TTF on atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and CD40^(+)monocyte differentiation.AS plaque area,collagen content,and lipid area were assessed using histological staining.AS plaque-related biomarkers(monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1),monocyte plus macrophage(MOMA-2),von Willebrand factor(vWF),CD31,and alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA))were detected using immunohistochemistry.Inflammatory cytokines were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.CD40 mRNA expression was detected by real-time quantitative PCR.CD40^(+)monocyte differentiation was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis in ApoE-/-mice and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs).AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathways-related protein expression was investigated through western blotting.Results:TTF treatment reduced AS plaque area,collagen content,and lipid area in AS model mice.Levels of MCP-1,MOMA-2,vWF,and CD31 were decreased,whileα-SMA level was increased by TTF in model mice.TTF reduced inflammatory cytokines levels,including tumor necrosis factor receptor-α(TNF-α),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and interleukin-6(IL-6).TTF inhibited CD40^(+)monocyte differentiation and decreased the number of CD40^(+)/CD40-and Ly6C^(+)/Ly6C-cells and M1/M2 ratio in AS model mice and human PBMCs.Additionally,TTF modulated the AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in human PBMCs.Conclusion:TTF attenuates atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability by inhibiting CD40^(+)monocyte differentiation,possibly through the regulation of the AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.These findings suggest that TTF could be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing plaque rupture and subsequent cardiovascular events in patients with AS.
