Preserving formal style in neural machine translation (NMT) is essential, yet often overlooked as an optimization objective of the training processes. This oversight can lead to translations that, though accurate, lac...Preserving formal style in neural machine translation (NMT) is essential, yet often overlooked as an optimization objective of the training processes. This oversight can lead to translations that, though accurate, lack formality. In this paper, we propose how to improve NMT formality with large language models (LLMs), which combines the style transfer and evaluation capabilities of an LLM and the high-quality translation generation ability of NMT models to improve NMT formality. The proposed method (namely INMTF) encompasses two approaches. The first involves a revision approach using an LLM to revise the NMT-generated translation, ensuring a formal translation style. The second approach employs an LLM as a reward model for scoring translation formality, and then uses reinforcement learning algorithms to fine-tune the NMT model to maximize the reward score, thereby enhancing the formality of the generated translations. Considering the substantial parameter size of LLMs, we also explore methods to reduce the computational cost of INMTF. Experimental results demonstrate that INMTF significantly outperforms baselines in terms of translation formality and translation quality, with an improvement of +9.19 style accuracy points in the German-to-English task and +2.16 COMET score in the Russian-to-English task. Furthermore, our work demonstrates the potential of integrating LLMs within NMT frameworks to bridge the gap between NMT outputs and the formality required in various real-world translation scenarios.展开更多
Objective expertise evaluation of individuals,as a prerequisite stage for team formation,has been a long-term desideratum in large software development companies.With the rapid advancements in machine learning methods...Objective expertise evaluation of individuals,as a prerequisite stage for team formation,has been a long-term desideratum in large software development companies.With the rapid advancements in machine learning methods,based on reliable existing data stored in project management tools’datasets,automating this evaluation process becomes a natural step forward.In this context,our approach focuses on quantifying software developer expertise by using metadata from the task-tracking systems.For this,we mathematically formalize two categories of expertise:technology-specific expertise,which denotes the skills required for a particular technology,and general expertise,which encapsulates overall knowledge in the software industry.Afterward,we automatically classify the zones of expertise associated with each task a developer has worked on using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)-like transformers to handle the unique characteristics of project tool datasets effectively.Finally,our method evaluates the proficiency of each software specialist across already completed projects from both technology-specific and general perspectives.The method was experimentally validated,yielding promising results.展开更多
The modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebras are considered,in which a modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebra consisting of a Lie-Yamaguti algebra and a modifiedλ-differential operator.First we introduce t...The modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebras are considered,in which a modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebra consisting of a Lie-Yamaguti algebra and a modifiedλ-differential operator.First we introduce the representation of modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebras.Furthermore,we establish the cohomology of a modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebra with coefficients in a representation.Finally,we investigate the one-parameter formal deformations and Abelian extensions of modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebras using the second cohomology group.展开更多
In this paper,we call a tuple consisting of 3-Lie algebra and a higher derivation on it a 3-LieHDer pair.We introduce a cohomology theory of 3-LieHDer pairs.Next,we interpret the second cohomology group as the space o...In this paper,we call a tuple consisting of 3-Lie algebra and a higher derivation on it a 3-LieHDer pair.We introduce a cohomology theory of 3-LieHDer pairs.Next,we interpret the second cohomology group as the space of all isomorphism classes of abelian extensions.Finally,we consider formal deformations of 3-LieHDer pairs that are governed by the cohomology with self-coefficient.展开更多
Smart learning environments have been considered as vital sources and essential needs in modern digital education systems.With the rapid proliferation of smart and assistive technologies,smart learning processes have ...Smart learning environments have been considered as vital sources and essential needs in modern digital education systems.With the rapid proliferation of smart and assistive technologies,smart learning processes have become quite convenient,comfortable,and financially affordable.This shift has led to the emergence of pervasive computing environments,where user’s intelligent behavior is supported by smart gadgets;however,it is becoming more challenging due to inconsistent behavior of Artificial intelligence(AI)assistive technologies in terms of networking issues,slow user responses to technologies and limited computational resources.This paper presents a context-aware predictive reasoning based formalism for smart learning environments that facilitates students in managing their academic as well as extra-curricular activities autonomously with limited human intervention.This system consists of a three-tier architecture including the acquisition of the contextualized information from the environment autonomously,modeling the system using Web Ontology Rule Language(OWL 2 RL)and Semantic Web Rule Language(SWRL),and perform reasoning to infer the desired goals whenever and wherever needed.For contextual reasoning,we develop a non-monotonic reasoning based formalism to reason with contextual information using rule-based reasoning.The focus is on distributed problem solving,where context-aware agents exchange information using rule-based reasoning and specify constraints to accomplish desired goals.To formally model-check and simulate the system behavior,we model the case study of a smart learning environment in the UPPAAL model checker and verify the desired properties in the model,such as safety,liveness and robust properties to reflect the overall correctness behavior of the system with achieving the minimum analysis time of 0.002 s and 34,712 KB memory utilization.展开更多
This study sought to analyze the occupational habits of immigrant workers in the formal Brazilian labor market from a sociological perspective.It was understood that a study on occupation should observe professional a...This study sought to analyze the occupational habits of immigrant workers in the formal Brazilian labor market from a sociological perspective.It was understood that a study on occupation should observe professional and employment history,which may include an analysis over time of workers in the same profession or in periods of professional mobility.In order to understand occupational trajectories and related aspects,this study used data that were collected through semi-structured interviews and surveys with immigrant workers who were employed in the Brazilian formal labor market.The interviews and surveys revealed a strong polarization among the immigrant workers present in Brazil-while a small part holds highly skilled occupations,the majority participate at the base of the productivity hierarchy.展开更多
On 20 April 1994,China made its first o!cial full-function connection to the World Wide Web through a 64-kilobyte international leased line,marking the country’s formal entry into the global digital age.The year 2024...On 20 April 1994,China made its first o!cial full-function connection to the World Wide Web through a 64-kilobyte international leased line,marking the country’s formal entry into the global digital age.The year 2024 marked the 30th anniversary of the country’s entry into the internet era.展开更多
Cambodia and China have long enjoyed a close relationship grounded in centuries of historical,cultural,and political ties.From their early connections in the 13th Century to today’s multifaceted partnership,the bond ...Cambodia and China have long enjoyed a close relationship grounded in centuries of historical,cultural,and political ties.From their early connections in the 13th Century to today’s multifaceted partnership,the bond between these two nations has been built on mutual respect and cooperation,fortified by economic collaboration and a profound connection between their peoples.Since the formal establishment of diplomatic ties in 1958,Cambodia and China have fostered an enduring“ironclad”friendship that weathered challenges and adapted to the everchanging global dynamics.展开更多
Following the groundbreaking introduction of the Transformer architecture in 2017,the development of Large Language Models(LLMs)formally commenced.In May 2020,Chat GPT-3,with over one hundred billion parameters,entere...Following the groundbreaking introduction of the Transformer architecture in 2017,the development of Large Language Models(LLMs)formally commenced.In May 2020,Chat GPT-3,with over one hundred billion parameters,entered the public eye,marking a significant milestone in LLM advancement.展开更多
The processing of personal data gives a rise to many privacy concerns,and one of them is to ensure the transpar-ency of data processing to end users.Usually this information is communicated to them using privacy polic...The processing of personal data gives a rise to many privacy concerns,and one of them is to ensure the transpar-ency of data processing to end users.Usually this information is communicated to them using privacy policies.In this paper,the problem of user notifcation in case of data breaches and policy changes is addressed,besides an ontol-ogy-based approach to model them is proposed.To specify the ontology concepts and properties,the requirements and recommendations for the legislative regulations as well as existing privacy policies are evaluated.A set of SPARQL queries to validate the correctness and completeness of the proposed ontology are developed.The proposed approach is applied to evaluate the privacy policies designed by cloud computing providers and IoT device manu-facturers.The results of the analysis show that the transparency of user notifcation scenarios presented in the privacy policies is still very low,and the companies should reconsider the notifcation mechanisms and provide more detailed information in privacy policies.展开更多
When China and Singapore exchanged formal handshakes in 1990,few could have imagined that 35 years later,a Data Science undergraduate named Hu Yunxin would be happily counting hawker-centre noodles while memorizing re...When China and Singapore exchanged formal handshakes in 1990,few could have imagined that 35 years later,a Data Science undergraduate named Hu Yunxin would be happily counting hawker-centre noodles while memorizing regression formulas along Clementi Road.Yet it is precisely these small,personal stories that breathe life into grand diplomatic milestones.In celebration of the anniversary,I spoke with Yunxin—freshly returned from her first year at the National University of Singapore(NUS)—to discover how the Lion City looks through Chinese eyes.展开更多
With the assistance of Stroh formalism,the general solutions satisfying the basic laws of linear elastic theory are written in complex variable forms.To analyze the fracture behavior of two-dimensional decagonal piezo...With the assistance of Stroh formalism,the general solutions satisfying the basic laws of linear elastic theory are written in complex variable forms.To analyze the fracture behavior of two-dimensional decagonal piezoelectric quasicrystals,an elliptical hole model under different boundary conditions is established.The analytical expressions of generalized stress intensity factors(GSIFs)are obtained,respectively,for four general cases:a Griffith crack with generalized remote uniform loading,arbitrary loading on the crack surface,concentrated loading at any position of the crack surface,and multiple collinear periodic cracks under uniform loading at infinity.Numerical examples are given,and the effects of crack length,loading position,loading condition,and crack period on GSIFs are discussed.The derived analytical solutions of cracks play a significant role in understanding the phonon-phason and electromechanical coupled behavior in quasicrystals,and they also serve as criteria for fracture analysis.展开更多
This study aims to present exact multi-field coupling modeling and analysis of a simply-supported rectangular piezoelectric semiconductor(PSC)plate.Under the linear assumption of drift-diffusion current for a small el...This study aims to present exact multi-field coupling modeling and analysis of a simply-supported rectangular piezoelectric semiconductor(PSC)plate.Under the linear assumption of drift-diffusion current for a small electron concentration perturbation,the governing equations are solved by extending the classical Stroh formalism to involve all the physical fields of PSCs.The general solutions are obtained and then utilized to analyze three-dimensional(3D)problems of static deformation and free vibration of the PSC plate.To investigate the multi-physics interactions along the plate thickness,the distribution forms of electromechanical fields and electron concentration perturbation are given exactly,which are helpful for the development of the PSC plate theory.The differences between the PSC and purely piezoelectric as well as purely elastic counterparts are emphasized,in the context of evaluating the material performances with changing initial electron concentration.The results demonstrate that the PSC coupling exists only within a specific range of the initial electron concentration,where it exhibits a transition from the piezoelectric characteristics to the elastic ones.In addition,the dependence of coupling behaviors on the plate thickness is clarified.These results can not only be benchmarks in the development of PSC plate theories or other numerical methods,but also be guidance for the design of plate-based PSC devices.展开更多
This paper investigates control synthesis for motion planning under conditions of uncertainty,specifically in robot motion and environmental properties,which are modeled using a probabilistic labeled Markov decision p...This paper investigates control synthesis for motion planning under conditions of uncertainty,specifically in robot motion and environmental properties,which are modeled using a probabilistic labeled Markov decision process(PL-MDP).To address this,a model-free reinforcement learning(RL)approach is designed to produce a finite-memory control policy that meets complex tasks specified by linear temporal logic(LTL)formulas.Recognizing the presence of uncertainties and potentially conflicting objectives,this study centers on addressing infeasible LTL specifications.A relaxed LTL constraint enables the agent to adapt its motion plan,allowing for partial satisfaction by accounting for necessary task violations.Additionally,a new automaton structure is introduced to increase the density of accepting rewards,facilitating deterministic policy outcomes.The proposed RL framework is rigorously analyzed and prioritizes two key objectives:(1)satisfying the acceptance condition of the relaxed product MDP,and(2)minimizing long-term violation costs.Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the framework’s effectiveness and robustness.展开更多
What laws do the universe naturally operate according to?What should be the logical foundation of the human real world?This is a foundational and fundamental issue that humans have always wanted to clarify.From Thales...What laws do the universe naturally operate according to?What should be the logical foundation of the human real world?This is a foundational and fundamental issue that humans have always wanted to clarify.From Thales to philosophers such as Socrates,Plato,and Aristotle,ancient Greece achieved the origin and development of philosophy;Later,Descartes,Hume,Kant,Hegel,Nietzsche,and others explored new fields and concepts;Philosophers such as Husserl,Sartre,Russell,Wittgenstein,and Derrida left a profound mark in the 20th century.The emergence of a worldview emerged in the ancient Indian Vedas,and later in the religious and philosophical work The Upanishads,there was a discourse on the entities of"Brahma"and"I",which gave rise to the idea of"Advaita"in later generations.The Book of Changes was born in ancient China,along with major academic schools such as Taoism,Confucianism,Legalism,and Mohism.Later,Buddhist thought was integrated;With the Eastern ideas of yin and yang,the Doctrine of the Mean,harmony,and the ultimate goodness,I have integrated Eastern and Western historical philosophies,modern physics,and classical logic theories in my thinking on the principle of cosmic paradox,proposing a new perspective of understanding the essence of the universe and its natural logical relationship structure using the principle of paradox as the law of cosmic operation.The theoretical exploration and discussion of the dual nature relationship of"non-contradiction"and"contradiction"in the"first contradiction"relationship of things in the universe,that is,the identity of the universe is a self-contradictory overall transformation process;Attempting to reveal the paradoxical relationship of the universe from a new perspective in modern science,philosophy,and logic,striving to have a beneficial impact on the exploration and practical application of sustainable human survival and development models in the future.展开更多
The dispute settlement mechanism(DSM) has long been the focus of attention because of its significant role in the institutional construction of China's free trade agreements(FTAs). Thus, this paper is to make an a...The dispute settlement mechanism(DSM) has long been the focus of attention because of its significant role in the institutional construction of China's free trade agreements(FTAs). Thus, this paper is to make an analysis of the DSMs of China's established FTAs from a legal perspective of international regime study, which leads to the finding of a co-existence mode of formal and informal DSMs in China's FTAs. This paper also discusses the motivation and significance of such a choice.展开更多
Feature based design has been regarded as a promising approach for CAD/CAM integration.This paper aims to establish a domain independent representation formalism for feature based design in three aspects: formal re...Feature based design has been regarded as a promising approach for CAD/CAM integration.This paper aims to establish a domain independent representation formalism for feature based design in three aspects: formal representation,design process model and design algorithm.The implementing scheme and formal description of feature taxonomy,feature operator,feature model validation and feature transformation are given in the paper.The feature based design process model suited for either sequencial or concurrent engineering is proposed and its application to product structural design and process plan design is presented. Some general design algorithms for developing feature based design system are also addressed.The proposed scheme provides a formal methodology elementary for feature based design system development and operation in a structural way.展开更多
文摘Preserving formal style in neural machine translation (NMT) is essential, yet often overlooked as an optimization objective of the training processes. This oversight can lead to translations that, though accurate, lack formality. In this paper, we propose how to improve NMT formality with large language models (LLMs), which combines the style transfer and evaluation capabilities of an LLM and the high-quality translation generation ability of NMT models to improve NMT formality. The proposed method (namely INMTF) encompasses two approaches. The first involves a revision approach using an LLM to revise the NMT-generated translation, ensuring a formal translation style. The second approach employs an LLM as a reward model for scoring translation formality, and then uses reinforcement learning algorithms to fine-tune the NMT model to maximize the reward score, thereby enhancing the formality of the generated translations. Considering the substantial parameter size of LLMs, we also explore methods to reduce the computational cost of INMTF. Experimental results demonstrate that INMTF significantly outperforms baselines in terms of translation formality and translation quality, with an improvement of +9.19 style accuracy points in the German-to-English task and +2.16 COMET score in the Russian-to-English task. Furthermore, our work demonstrates the potential of integrating LLMs within NMT frameworks to bridge the gap between NMT outputs and the formality required in various real-world translation scenarios.
基金supported by the project“Romanian Hub for Artificial Intelligence-HRIA”,Smart Growth,Digitization and Financial Instruments Program,2021–2027,MySMIS No.334906.
文摘Objective expertise evaluation of individuals,as a prerequisite stage for team formation,has been a long-term desideratum in large software development companies.With the rapid advancements in machine learning methods,based on reliable existing data stored in project management tools’datasets,automating this evaluation process becomes a natural step forward.In this context,our approach focuses on quantifying software developer expertise by using metadata from the task-tracking systems.For this,we mathematically formalize two categories of expertise:technology-specific expertise,which denotes the skills required for a particular technology,and general expertise,which encapsulates overall knowledge in the software industry.Afterward,we automatically classify the zones of expertise associated with each task a developer has worked on using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)-like transformers to handle the unique characteristics of project tool datasets effectively.Finally,our method evaluates the proficiency of each software specialist across already completed projects from both technology-specific and general perspectives.The method was experimentally validated,yielding promising results.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12161013)Research Projects of Guizhou University of Commerce in 2024。
文摘The modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebras are considered,in which a modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebra consisting of a Lie-Yamaguti algebra and a modifiedλ-differential operator.First we introduce the representation of modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebras.Furthermore,we establish the cohomology of a modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebra with coefficients in a representation.Finally,we investigate the one-parameter formal deformations and Abelian extensions of modifiedλ-differential Lie-Yamaguti algebras using the second cohomology group.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12161013)the Basic Research Program(Natural Science)of Guizhou Province(Grant No.ZK[2023]025).
文摘In this paper,we call a tuple consisting of 3-Lie algebra and a higher derivation on it a 3-LieHDer pair.We introduce a cohomology theory of 3-LieHDer pairs.Next,we interpret the second cohomology group as the space of all isomorphism classes of abelian extensions.Finally,we consider formal deformations of 3-LieHDer pairs that are governed by the cohomology with self-coefficient.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation(NRF),Republic of Korea,under project BK21 FOUR(4299990213939).
文摘Smart learning environments have been considered as vital sources and essential needs in modern digital education systems.With the rapid proliferation of smart and assistive technologies,smart learning processes have become quite convenient,comfortable,and financially affordable.This shift has led to the emergence of pervasive computing environments,where user’s intelligent behavior is supported by smart gadgets;however,it is becoming more challenging due to inconsistent behavior of Artificial intelligence(AI)assistive technologies in terms of networking issues,slow user responses to technologies and limited computational resources.This paper presents a context-aware predictive reasoning based formalism for smart learning environments that facilitates students in managing their academic as well as extra-curricular activities autonomously with limited human intervention.This system consists of a three-tier architecture including the acquisition of the contextualized information from the environment autonomously,modeling the system using Web Ontology Rule Language(OWL 2 RL)and Semantic Web Rule Language(SWRL),and perform reasoning to infer the desired goals whenever and wherever needed.For contextual reasoning,we develop a non-monotonic reasoning based formalism to reason with contextual information using rule-based reasoning.The focus is on distributed problem solving,where context-aware agents exchange information using rule-based reasoning and specify constraints to accomplish desired goals.To formally model-check and simulate the system behavior,we model the case study of a smart learning environment in the UPPAAL model checker and verify the desired properties in the model,such as safety,liveness and robust properties to reflect the overall correctness behavior of the system with achieving the minimum analysis time of 0.002 s and 34,712 KB memory utilization.
文摘This study sought to analyze the occupational habits of immigrant workers in the formal Brazilian labor market from a sociological perspective.It was understood that a study on occupation should observe professional and employment history,which may include an analysis over time of workers in the same profession or in periods of professional mobility.In order to understand occupational trajectories and related aspects,this study used data that were collected through semi-structured interviews and surveys with immigrant workers who were employed in the Brazilian formal labor market.The interviews and surveys revealed a strong polarization among the immigrant workers present in Brazil-while a small part holds highly skilled occupations,the majority participate at the base of the productivity hierarchy.
文摘On 20 April 1994,China made its first o!cial full-function connection to the World Wide Web through a 64-kilobyte international leased line,marking the country’s formal entry into the global digital age.The year 2024 marked the 30th anniversary of the country’s entry into the internet era.
文摘Cambodia and China have long enjoyed a close relationship grounded in centuries of historical,cultural,and political ties.From their early connections in the 13th Century to today’s multifaceted partnership,the bond between these two nations has been built on mutual respect and cooperation,fortified by economic collaboration and a profound connection between their peoples.Since the formal establishment of diplomatic ties in 1958,Cambodia and China have fostered an enduring“ironclad”friendship that weathered challenges and adapted to the everchanging global dynamics.
文摘Following the groundbreaking introduction of the Transformer architecture in 2017,the development of Large Language Models(LLMs)formally commenced.In May 2020,Chat GPT-3,with over one hundred billion parameters,entered the public eye,marking a significant milestone in LLM advancement.
文摘The processing of personal data gives a rise to many privacy concerns,and one of them is to ensure the transpar-ency of data processing to end users.Usually this information is communicated to them using privacy policies.In this paper,the problem of user notifcation in case of data breaches and policy changes is addressed,besides an ontol-ogy-based approach to model them is proposed.To specify the ontology concepts and properties,the requirements and recommendations for the legislative regulations as well as existing privacy policies are evaluated.A set of SPARQL queries to validate the correctness and completeness of the proposed ontology are developed.The proposed approach is applied to evaluate the privacy policies designed by cloud computing providers and IoT device manu-facturers.The results of the analysis show that the transparency of user notifcation scenarios presented in the privacy policies is still very low,and the companies should reconsider the notifcation mechanisms and provide more detailed information in privacy policies.
文摘When China and Singapore exchanged formal handshakes in 1990,few could have imagined that 35 years later,a Data Science undergraduate named Hu Yunxin would be happily counting hawker-centre noodles while memorizing regression formulas along Clementi Road.Yet it is precisely these small,personal stories that breathe life into grand diplomatic milestones.In celebration of the anniversary,I spoke with Yunxin—freshly returned from her first year at the National University of Singapore(NUS)—to discover how the Lion City looks through Chinese eyes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12272402,12102458,and 11972365)the China Agricultural University Education Foundation(No.1101-2412001).
文摘With the assistance of Stroh formalism,the general solutions satisfying the basic laws of linear elastic theory are written in complex variable forms.To analyze the fracture behavior of two-dimensional decagonal piezoelectric quasicrystals,an elliptical hole model under different boundary conditions is established.The analytical expressions of generalized stress intensity factors(GSIFs)are obtained,respectively,for four general cases:a Griffith crack with generalized remote uniform loading,arbitrary loading on the crack surface,concentrated loading at any position of the crack surface,and multiple collinear periodic cracks under uniform loading at infinity.Numerical examples are given,and the effects of crack length,loading position,loading condition,and crack period on GSIFs are discussed.The derived analytical solutions of cracks play a significant role in understanding the phonon-phason and electromechanical coupled behavior in quasicrystals,and they also serve as criteria for fracture analysis.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20430 and 12472155)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department of China(No.BJK2022055)+2 种基金the“333 Talents Project”of Hebei Province of China(No.C20231111)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(Nos.A2024210002 and A2023210064)the S&T Program of Hebei Province of China(No.225676162GH)。
文摘This study aims to present exact multi-field coupling modeling and analysis of a simply-supported rectangular piezoelectric semiconductor(PSC)plate.Under the linear assumption of drift-diffusion current for a small electron concentration perturbation,the governing equations are solved by extending the classical Stroh formalism to involve all the physical fields of PSCs.The general solutions are obtained and then utilized to analyze three-dimensional(3D)problems of static deformation and free vibration of the PSC plate.To investigate the multi-physics interactions along the plate thickness,the distribution forms of electromechanical fields and electron concentration perturbation are given exactly,which are helpful for the development of the PSC plate theory.The differences between the PSC and purely piezoelectric as well as purely elastic counterparts are emphasized,in the context of evaluating the material performances with changing initial electron concentration.The results demonstrate that the PSC coupling exists only within a specific range of the initial electron concentration,where it exhibits a transition from the piezoelectric characteristics to the elastic ones.In addition,the dependence of coupling behaviors on the plate thickness is clarified.These results can not only be benchmarks in the development of PSC plate theories or other numerical methods,but also be guidance for the design of plate-based PSC devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62173314.
文摘This paper investigates control synthesis for motion planning under conditions of uncertainty,specifically in robot motion and environmental properties,which are modeled using a probabilistic labeled Markov decision process(PL-MDP).To address this,a model-free reinforcement learning(RL)approach is designed to produce a finite-memory control policy that meets complex tasks specified by linear temporal logic(LTL)formulas.Recognizing the presence of uncertainties and potentially conflicting objectives,this study centers on addressing infeasible LTL specifications.A relaxed LTL constraint enables the agent to adapt its motion plan,allowing for partial satisfaction by accounting for necessary task violations.Additionally,a new automaton structure is introduced to increase the density of accepting rewards,facilitating deterministic policy outcomes.The proposed RL framework is rigorously analyzed and prioritizes two key objectives:(1)satisfying the acceptance condition of the relaxed product MDP,and(2)minimizing long-term violation costs.Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the framework’s effectiveness and robustness.
文摘What laws do the universe naturally operate according to?What should be the logical foundation of the human real world?This is a foundational and fundamental issue that humans have always wanted to clarify.From Thales to philosophers such as Socrates,Plato,and Aristotle,ancient Greece achieved the origin and development of philosophy;Later,Descartes,Hume,Kant,Hegel,Nietzsche,and others explored new fields and concepts;Philosophers such as Husserl,Sartre,Russell,Wittgenstein,and Derrida left a profound mark in the 20th century.The emergence of a worldview emerged in the ancient Indian Vedas,and later in the religious and philosophical work The Upanishads,there was a discourse on the entities of"Brahma"and"I",which gave rise to the idea of"Advaita"in later generations.The Book of Changes was born in ancient China,along with major academic schools such as Taoism,Confucianism,Legalism,and Mohism.Later,Buddhist thought was integrated;With the Eastern ideas of yin and yang,the Doctrine of the Mean,harmony,and the ultimate goodness,I have integrated Eastern and Western historical philosophies,modern physics,and classical logic theories in my thinking on the principle of cosmic paradox,proposing a new perspective of understanding the essence of the universe and its natural logical relationship structure using the principle of paradox as the law of cosmic operation.The theoretical exploration and discussion of the dual nature relationship of"non-contradiction"and"contradiction"in the"first contradiction"relationship of things in the universe,that is,the identity of the universe is a self-contradictory overall transformation process;Attempting to reveal the paradoxical relationship of the universe from a new perspective in modern science,philosophy,and logic,striving to have a beneficial impact on the exploration and practical application of sustainable human survival and development models in the future.
基金the Chinese Education Ministry Key Research Program(No.14JJD810017)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2015M581553)
文摘The dispute settlement mechanism(DSM) has long been the focus of attention because of its significant role in the institutional construction of China's free trade agreements(FTAs). Thus, this paper is to make an analysis of the DSMs of China's established FTAs from a legal perspective of international regime study, which leads to the finding of a co-existence mode of formal and informal DSMs in China's FTAs. This paper also discusses the motivation and significance of such a choice.
文摘Feature based design has been regarded as a promising approach for CAD/CAM integration.This paper aims to establish a domain independent representation formalism for feature based design in three aspects: formal representation,design process model and design algorithm.The implementing scheme and formal description of feature taxonomy,feature operator,feature model validation and feature transformation are given in the paper.The feature based design process model suited for either sequencial or concurrent engineering is proposed and its application to product structural design and process plan design is presented. Some general design algorithms for developing feature based design system are also addressed.The proposed scheme provides a formal methodology elementary for feature based design system development and operation in a structural way.
