This thesis examines the translators’ roles in traditional translation theory and in Venuti’s foreignizing translation strategy.In the background of the traditional translation theory,the translators have been put i...This thesis examines the translators’ roles in traditional translation theory and in Venuti’s foreignizing translation strategy.In the background of the traditional translation theory,the translators have been put into a secondary status.In order to challenge the only dominant and effective domesticating translation method in Anglo-American culture and also highlight the translators’ status in translating practice,Lawrence Venuti put forward foreignizing translation strategy.展开更多
This thesis is mainly concerned with the two translation strategies of domesticating translation and foreignizing translation.The former is to make readers understand original works easier;the latter is to make reader...This thesis is mainly concerned with the two translation strategies of domesticating translation and foreignizing translation.The former is to make readers understand original works easier;the latter is to make readers understand original works clearer.It is necessary to take into consideration the necessity of using these two kinds of strategies,the affecting factors of using these two strategies to translate fic tions and the ways of using these two strategies.展开更多
In this paper,we study the optimal investment problem of an insurer whose surplus process follows the diffusion approximation of the classical Cramer-Lundberg model.Investment in the foreign markets is allowed,and the...In this paper,we study the optimal investment problem of an insurer whose surplus process follows the diffusion approximation of the classical Cramer-Lundberg model.Investment in the foreign markets is allowed,and therefore,the foreign exchange rate model is incorporated.Under the allowing of selling and borrowing,the problem of maximizing the expected exponential utility of terminal wealth is studied.By solving the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations,the optimal investment strategies and value functions are obtained.Finally,numerical analysis is presented.展开更多
Transorbital craniocerebral injury is a relatively rare type of penetrating head injury that poses a significant threat to the ocular and cerebral structures.^([1])The clinical prognosis of transorbital craniocerebral...Transorbital craniocerebral injury is a relatively rare type of penetrating head injury that poses a significant threat to the ocular and cerebral structures.^([1])The clinical prognosis of transorbital craniocerebral injury is closely related to the size,shape,speed,nature,and trajectory of the foreign object,as well as the incidence of central nervous system damage and secondary complications.The foreign objects reported to have caused these injuries are categorized into wooden items,metallic items,^([2-8])and other materials,which penetrate the intracranial region via fi ve major pathways,including the orbital roof (OR),superior orbital fissure (SOF),inferior orbital fissure(IOF),optic canal (OC),and sphenoid wing.Herein,we present eight cases of transorbital craniocerebral injury caused by an unusual metallic foreign body.展开更多
This study examines the predictive roles of foreign language classroom anxiety(FLCA),foreign language enjoyment(FLE),and foreign language boredom(FLB)in English achievement among Chinese senior high school students.De...This study examines the predictive roles of foreign language classroom anxiety(FLCA),foreign language enjoyment(FLE),and foreign language boredom(FLB)in English achievement among Chinese senior high school students.Despite extensive research on anxiety in language learning,less attention has been given to boredom,and the combined effects of these three emotions on English achievement remain under-explored,particularly among high school students in China.To address these gaps,a sample of 142 students from Guangzhou was surveyed using questionnaires to assess their emotional experiences and English achievement.The research found that FLE exhibited a positive correlation with academic performance,while FLCA and FLB showed negative associations.Notably,FLE was the most significant predictor of English achievement,followed by FLCA and FLB.Gender differences were observed,with male students reporting significantly higher levels of environmental enjoyment,while female students experienced significantly greater communication anxiety.On this basis,this paper offers suggestions on how to enhance senior high school students’FLE while mitigating FLCA and FLB,thereby promoting more effective and sustained English learning.展开更多
Mrs.Zhang is the first teacher who made me love languages.Before she taught me I had never enjoyed speaking a foreign language.Like most children,I was shy and wasn't interested in any foreign language at all.
Recently,a roundtable on carrying forward the Bandung Spirit,co-hosted by the Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign Affairs(CPIFA)and the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in China,took place in Beijing.Wang Yi,me...Recently,a roundtable on carrying forward the Bandung Spirit,co-hosted by the Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign Affairs(CPIFA)and the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in China,took place in Beijing.Wang Yi,member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs,delivered a written speech.Indonesian Deputy Foreign Minister Siti Nugraha Mauludiah delivered a keynote speech.CPIFA President Wang Chao,Indonesian Ambassador to Bandung Spirit Driving Modernization of the Global South China Djauhari Oratmangun,former Pakistani Foreign Minister Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri,former Deputy Foreign Minister of Myanmar U Thant Kyaw,and former Under-Secretary-General of the UN Wu Hongbo attended the roundtable and delivered speeches.Also attending were more than 60 Chinese and Indonesian experts and scholars,representatives from countries that participated in the Bandung Conference,and heads of UN agencies in China.Chinese and foreign vips carried out in-depth exchange and discussion on the theme“The Global South:Carrying Forward the Bandung Spirit and Marching Together toward Modernization.”展开更多
This study employed a mixed methods approach to investigate the impact of learner and teacher variables on foreign language enjoyment(FLE)and foreign language anxiety(FLA)among 250 high school English learners in the ...This study employed a mixed methods approach to investigate the impact of learner and teacher variables on foreign language enjoyment(FLE)and foreign language anxiety(FLA)among 250 high school English learners in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China,a group that has so far been under-researched.Quantitative analysis results indicated a prevalence of FLE over FLA,demonstrating a significant negative correlation between these emotional dimensions.However,complete overlap between these emotions was not observed.Utilizing multiple regression models in R revealed main effects of Grade,Self-reported English Proficiency,Learners’Attitudes towards Teachers,and Teachers’Frequency of English Use on FLE.Conversely,only self-reported English Proficiency exhibited a main effect on FLA.Unlike most prior studies,gender did not exhibit a main effect;however,it interacted with Grade in influencing FLE and interacted with Learners’Attitudes towards Teachers regarding FLA.Qualitative analysis of participant responses elucidated factors contributing to enjoyable experiences,encompassing authentic English usage,self-recognition,teacher recognition and peer recognition.Conversely,factors such as mistakes made in assignments and unpreparedness for lessons,triggered anxious experiences.The pedagogical implication underscores that the classroom emotional climate is co-shaped by both students and teachers,with teachers playing a pivotal role in fostering FLE.展开更多
My Home in China:55 Foreigners’China Stories Chief Editor:Wei Zhonghe Price:RMB 88 Paperback,210 pages Published by Foreign Languages Press This book,authored by 55 foreigners from over 20 countries and regions acros...My Home in China:55 Foreigners’China Stories Chief Editor:Wei Zhonghe Price:RMB 88 Paperback,210 pages Published by Foreign Languages Press This book,authored by 55 foreigners from over 20 countries and regions across five continents,presents a curated collection of their stories in China.These narratives capture experiences,sometimes“funny”and“awkward,”encountered during their studies,work,daily life,and travels in the country.Carefully organized,the stories are divided into five chapters,each representing one continent:Asia,Europe,the Americas,Africa,and Oceania.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal foreign bodies represent a significant clinical challenge in em-ergency and surgical settings.While accidental ingestion predominates in healthy adults,intentional ingestion is frequently o...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal foreign bodies represent a significant clinical challenge in em-ergency and surgical settings.While accidental ingestion predominates in healthy adults,intentional ingestion is frequently observed in pediatric,psychiatric,and incarcerated populations.Metallic sewing needles,characterized by their sharp morphology and high mobility,pose particular risks of visceral injury and com-plications due to their penetrative potential.Although preoperative imaging facilitates initial localization,subsequent migration of multiple needles com-plicates therapeutic interventions,increasing procedural complexity and patient risk.CASE SUMMARY We present a novel application of magnetic-assisted localization in managing a complex case of intentional ingestion of 30 metallic sewing needles in a psy-chiatric patient.The widespread distribution of needles throughout the gas-trointestinal tract necessitated an innovative surgical approach.Intraoperative implementation of cylindrical magnetic localization technology enabled precise identification and successful extraction of all foreign bodies while minimizing tissue trauma.CONCLUSION Magnetic-assisted localization represents an effective and safe technique to manage multiple magnetic gastrointestinal foreign bodies.This approach offers significant advantages in complex cases,particularly for needle-like metallic objects,and warrants consideration as a valuable tool in gastrointestinal surgery.展开更多
China’s investment is creating life-changing opportunities for Rwandans In a significant development in the bilateral eco-nomic partnership,Chinese investors injected some$460 million into Rwanda’s economy in 2024.T...China’s investment is creating life-changing opportunities for Rwandans In a significant development in the bilateral eco-nomic partnership,Chinese investors injected some$460 million into Rwanda’s economy in 2024.This accounted for 14.1 percent of all registered foreign capital in Rwanda,making China the country’s leading foreign investor.According to a report from the Rwanda Development Board(RDB).展开更多
BACKGROUND Foreign body(FB)ingestion is one of the most challenging clinical situations faced by endoscopists.Most esophageal FB impaction emergencies occur in children.It is important to study the epidemiological pro...BACKGROUND Foreign body(FB)ingestion is one of the most challenging clinical situations faced by endoscopists.Most esophageal FB impaction emergencies occur in children.It is important to study the epidemiological profile and endoscopic methods for treating FB impacted in the esophagus of children,as it can help in the development of more effective,safe and personalized preventive and therapeutic strategies.AIM To define the profile of children seeking emergency care due to FB impaction in the esophagus,analyze factors associated with complications,and evaluate the effectiveness of rigid(RE)and flexible endoscopes(FE).METHODS A retrospective cohort study of 166 children with impacted FB in the esophagus who underwent an endoscopy(FE=84 vs RE=82)at the Dr.JoséFrota Institute was performed.The primary outcomes were to assess the efficacy of the endoscopic technique and factors associated with complications.The secondary outcomes were age group,gender,symptoms,length of hospital stay,and location of the FB.RESULTS Boys(66.9%),preschoolers(43.4%),FB>24 hours(62.7%),cervical esophagus(60.8%),coin ingestion(57.2%)and complaints of dysphagia(24.9%)and sialorrhea(23.1%)were the predominant findings.Endoscopy was successful(90.4%)with sedation(89.1%).A total of 97%of patients were discharged from the hospital,while 3%died.The average hospital stay length was 2.6 days.Most patients did not experience complications predominated(64.5%).Esophageal perforations were more frequent after RE(11%vs 4.8%),while FE was more effective(95.2%vs 85.4%).Theχ2 test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical variables.For continuous variables,the Kruskal-Wallis test or analysis of variance was used.Statistical analyses were performed in R®software(version 1.3.1093).CONCLUSION Coins were the most frequent FBs and were mainly lodged in the upper esophagus of preschool boys.Risk factors for complications due to esophageal FB include battery ingestion,delayed removal(>48 hours)and lodging in the thoracic esophagus.FE was generally more effective than RE for removing FBs;both procedures are safe.展开更多
Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and manag...Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and management of foreign bodies in the lower airways. Methodology: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection conducted over a 6-year period (January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019) in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of Donka National Hospital. Results: We observed a prevalence of 1.79%. The average age was 5.71 years, with a sex ratio of 1.2. However, 82.61% of the cases originated from rural areas. We noted that 78.83% of patients were referred after visiting 1 to 2 healthcare facilities (75.36%). The consultation delay was 3 days. Penetration syndrome was present in 98.56% of cases. The foreign body incidents occurred during play in 54.84% and during meals in 29.09% of cases. Radiographs were performed in 93.9% of cases. Endoscopy was used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in all patients. The foreign bodies were located in the trachea (37.68%), larynx (26.08%), and bronchi (21.73%). Non-organic foreign bodies were predominant (52.17%). Postoperative outcomes were uncomplicated in 95.98% of cases, and the lethality rate was 2.85%. Conclusion: The pathway of patients with foreign bodies in the airways remains unpredictable in our context due to parental hesitations. Early management reduces morbidity and mortality rates.展开更多
The minireview titled“Modern endoscopist’s toolbox:Innovations in foreign body removal”by Shahid and published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy provided a clear and comprehensive overview of endos...The minireview titled“Modern endoscopist’s toolbox:Innovations in foreign body removal”by Shahid and published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy provided a clear and comprehensive overview of endoscopic management of gastrointestinal foreign bodies.It will serve as a valuable resource for endoscopists involved in the diagnosis and treatment of such cases.Several key and controversial aspects of patient management were highlighted in a meaningful way,including the importance of thorough medical history-taking,appropriate use of radiological imaging,and the selection of suitable endoscopic extraction techniques.An individualized,multidisciplinary approach is essential for diagnosis and treatment.While current guidelines offer significant support,they cannot replace the judgment of an experienced endoscopist working with a well-trained team.展开更多
"I will revisit the Xizang Autonomous Region and recommend it to my family and friends.I believe they will fall in love with the region,too,"said Mori Yua,a Japanese graduate student studying at Minzu Univer..."I will revisit the Xizang Autonomous Region and recommend it to my family and friends.I believe they will fall in love with the region,too,"said Mori Yua,a Japanese graduate student studying at Minzu University of China.On October 15,2024,12 international teachers and students just concluded their trip to Xizang.At Lhasa Gonggar International Airport,they were reluctant to wave goodbye to the plateau.They shared their feelings with one another:"incredible""beautiful and charming","amazing roof of the world".展开更多
Different translators adopt various translation strategies due to their distinct cognitive construal operations.Based on the theory of cognitive construal,this paper focuses on the translation process of Lin Yutang’s...Different translators adopt various translation strategies due to their distinct cognitive construal operations.Based on the theory of cognitive construal,this paper focuses on the translation process of Lin Yutang’s English version of Six Chapters of a Floating Life,exploring the translator’s cognitive construal operations in understanding the source text and producing the target text,as well as examining the cognitive motivations behind these operations.The translation of literary works is not the process of decoding and re-encoding between languages,but also the outcome of the translator’s cognitive construal.Lin Yutang’s translation possesses a high degree of specificity,respecting the relationship between figure and ground in the original text,highlighting the beauty of the literary works.This study helps reveal the multiple interactive relationships among the translator,the original text,and the readers.展开更多
BACKGROUND Rectal foreign bodies,though uncommon,present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,particularly when they result from accidental ingestion.The non-specific symptoms and the potential for serious complicati...BACKGROUND Rectal foreign bodies,though uncommon,present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,particularly when they result from accidental ingestion.The non-specific symptoms and the potential for serious complications necessitate a thorough and methodical approach to diagnosis and treatment.This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic complexities and management strategies involved in treating a patient with a rectal foreign body,focusing on the use of advanced imaging techniques and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male with a history of hypertension presented with a one-year history of post-defecation anorectal pain and mild post-defecation rectorrhagia.Initial evaluation revealed hemodynamic stability and a tender,non-mucosal lesion in the anterior left rectal region.Imaging studies,including colonoscopy,magnetic resonance imaging,and endosonography,identified an erythematous,exophytic lesion and a perirectal abscess containing a foreign body.Surgical inter-vention revealed necrotic tissue and purulent material,along with two solid foreign body fragments(bone or plant matter).Postoperative follow-up showed the patient in good condition,and pathology confirmed the fragments as mature bone.CONCLUSION This case underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by rectal foreign bodies with nonspecific symptoms and no clear history of ingestion.展开更多
Foreign body ingestion is a common gastrointestinal emergency,particularly in children,who account for 80%of cases.While most ingested objects pass spontan-eously,around 20%require medical intervention.In adults,incid...Foreign body ingestion is a common gastrointestinal emergency,particularly in children,who account for 80%of cases.While most ingested objects pass spontan-eously,around 20%require medical intervention.In adults,incidents often occur accidentally during meals,leading to impactions,especially in individuals with underlying esophageal conditions.Endoscopy remains the gold standard for foreign body retrieval,with a success rate exceeding 95%.The type,shape,and location of the foreign body determine the clinical presentation and management approach.Sharp objects,batteries,and large items pose the highest risk of complications,including perforation,obstruction,and chemical injury.Prompt endoscopic removal is guided by established protocols,with emergent inter-vention required for complete esophageal obstruction and high-risk objects.Various retrieval devices,including forceps,snares,baskets,and overtubes,are used based on the nature of the foreign body.Technological advancements,such as artificial intelligence-assisted imaging and endoscopic ultrasound,are impro-ving diagnostic precision and procedural outcomes.Despite these advances,foreign body ingestion can still lead to severe complications if not managed in a timely manner.Public awareness,preventive measures,and rapid medical res-ponse are essential in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with foreign body ingestion.展开更多
文摘This thesis examines the translators’ roles in traditional translation theory and in Venuti’s foreignizing translation strategy.In the background of the traditional translation theory,the translators have been put into a secondary status.In order to challenge the only dominant and effective domesticating translation method in Anglo-American culture and also highlight the translators’ status in translating practice,Lawrence Venuti put forward foreignizing translation strategy.
文摘This thesis is mainly concerned with the two translation strategies of domesticating translation and foreignizing translation.The former is to make readers understand original works easier;the latter is to make readers understand original works clearer.It is necessary to take into consideration the necessity of using these two kinds of strategies,the affecting factors of using these two strategies to translate fic tions and the ways of using these two strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12301603).
文摘In this paper,we study the optimal investment problem of an insurer whose surplus process follows the diffusion approximation of the classical Cramer-Lundberg model.Investment in the foreign markets is allowed,and therefore,the foreign exchange rate model is incorporated.Under the allowing of selling and borrowing,the problem of maximizing the expected exponential utility of terminal wealth is studied.By solving the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations,the optimal investment strategies and value functions are obtained.Finally,numerical analysis is presented.
文摘Transorbital craniocerebral injury is a relatively rare type of penetrating head injury that poses a significant threat to the ocular and cerebral structures.^([1])The clinical prognosis of transorbital craniocerebral injury is closely related to the size,shape,speed,nature,and trajectory of the foreign object,as well as the incidence of central nervous system damage and secondary complications.The foreign objects reported to have caused these injuries are categorized into wooden items,metallic items,^([2-8])and other materials,which penetrate the intracranial region via fi ve major pathways,including the orbital roof (OR),superior orbital fissure (SOF),inferior orbital fissure(IOF),optic canal (OC),and sphenoid wing.Herein,we present eight cases of transorbital craniocerebral injury caused by an unusual metallic foreign body.
文摘This study examines the predictive roles of foreign language classroom anxiety(FLCA),foreign language enjoyment(FLE),and foreign language boredom(FLB)in English achievement among Chinese senior high school students.Despite extensive research on anxiety in language learning,less attention has been given to boredom,and the combined effects of these three emotions on English achievement remain under-explored,particularly among high school students in China.To address these gaps,a sample of 142 students from Guangzhou was surveyed using questionnaires to assess their emotional experiences and English achievement.The research found that FLE exhibited a positive correlation with academic performance,while FLCA and FLB showed negative associations.Notably,FLE was the most significant predictor of English achievement,followed by FLCA and FLB.Gender differences were observed,with male students reporting significantly higher levels of environmental enjoyment,while female students experienced significantly greater communication anxiety.On this basis,this paper offers suggestions on how to enhance senior high school students’FLE while mitigating FLCA and FLB,thereby promoting more effective and sustained English learning.
文摘Mrs.Zhang is the first teacher who made me love languages.Before she taught me I had never enjoyed speaking a foreign language.Like most children,I was shy and wasn't interested in any foreign language at all.
文摘Recently,a roundtable on carrying forward the Bandung Spirit,co-hosted by the Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign Affairs(CPIFA)and the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in China,took place in Beijing.Wang Yi,member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs,delivered a written speech.Indonesian Deputy Foreign Minister Siti Nugraha Mauludiah delivered a keynote speech.CPIFA President Wang Chao,Indonesian Ambassador to Bandung Spirit Driving Modernization of the Global South China Djauhari Oratmangun,former Pakistani Foreign Minister Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri,former Deputy Foreign Minister of Myanmar U Thant Kyaw,and former Under-Secretary-General of the UN Wu Hongbo attended the roundtable and delivered speeches.Also attending were more than 60 Chinese and Indonesian experts and scholars,representatives from countries that participated in the Bandung Conference,and heads of UN agencies in China.Chinese and foreign vips carried out in-depth exchange and discussion on the theme“The Global South:Carrying Forward the Bandung Spirit and Marching Together toward Modernization.”
文摘This study employed a mixed methods approach to investigate the impact of learner and teacher variables on foreign language enjoyment(FLE)and foreign language anxiety(FLA)among 250 high school English learners in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China,a group that has so far been under-researched.Quantitative analysis results indicated a prevalence of FLE over FLA,demonstrating a significant negative correlation between these emotional dimensions.However,complete overlap between these emotions was not observed.Utilizing multiple regression models in R revealed main effects of Grade,Self-reported English Proficiency,Learners’Attitudes towards Teachers,and Teachers’Frequency of English Use on FLE.Conversely,only self-reported English Proficiency exhibited a main effect on FLA.Unlike most prior studies,gender did not exhibit a main effect;however,it interacted with Grade in influencing FLE and interacted with Learners’Attitudes towards Teachers regarding FLA.Qualitative analysis of participant responses elucidated factors contributing to enjoyable experiences,encompassing authentic English usage,self-recognition,teacher recognition and peer recognition.Conversely,factors such as mistakes made in assignments and unpreparedness for lessons,triggered anxious experiences.The pedagogical implication underscores that the classroom emotional climate is co-shaped by both students and teachers,with teachers playing a pivotal role in fostering FLE.
文摘My Home in China:55 Foreigners’China Stories Chief Editor:Wei Zhonghe Price:RMB 88 Paperback,210 pages Published by Foreign Languages Press This book,authored by 55 foreigners from over 20 countries and regions across five continents,presents a curated collection of their stories in China.These narratives capture experiences,sometimes“funny”and“awkward,”encountered during their studies,work,daily life,and travels in the country.Carefully organized,the stories are divided into five chapters,each representing one continent:Asia,Europe,the Americas,Africa,and Oceania.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82170676the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Key Industries Innovation Chain(Cluster)-Social Development Project,No.2020ZDLSF02-03+1 种基金the Key Project of Shaanxi Province's 14th Five-Year Education Science Planning:Research on the Training Model for Top-notch Innovative Talents in Higher Education Institutions of Shaanxi Province,No.SGH24Z16the Xi'an Talents Plan Project,No.XAYC210064.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal foreign bodies represent a significant clinical challenge in em-ergency and surgical settings.While accidental ingestion predominates in healthy adults,intentional ingestion is frequently observed in pediatric,psychiatric,and incarcerated populations.Metallic sewing needles,characterized by their sharp morphology and high mobility,pose particular risks of visceral injury and com-plications due to their penetrative potential.Although preoperative imaging facilitates initial localization,subsequent migration of multiple needles com-plicates therapeutic interventions,increasing procedural complexity and patient risk.CASE SUMMARY We present a novel application of magnetic-assisted localization in managing a complex case of intentional ingestion of 30 metallic sewing needles in a psy-chiatric patient.The widespread distribution of needles throughout the gas-trointestinal tract necessitated an innovative surgical approach.Intraoperative implementation of cylindrical magnetic localization technology enabled precise identification and successful extraction of all foreign bodies while minimizing tissue trauma.CONCLUSION Magnetic-assisted localization represents an effective and safe technique to manage multiple magnetic gastrointestinal foreign bodies.This approach offers significant advantages in complex cases,particularly for needle-like metallic objects,and warrants consideration as a valuable tool in gastrointestinal surgery.
文摘China’s investment is creating life-changing opportunities for Rwandans In a significant development in the bilateral eco-nomic partnership,Chinese investors injected some$460 million into Rwanda’s economy in 2024.This accounted for 14.1 percent of all registered foreign capital in Rwanda,making China the country’s leading foreign investor.According to a report from the Rwanda Development Board(RDB).
基金the Institutional Research Ethics Board(number 6.886.384)Brazil platform system(Approval with CAAE number 79007324.1.0000.5047).
文摘BACKGROUND Foreign body(FB)ingestion is one of the most challenging clinical situations faced by endoscopists.Most esophageal FB impaction emergencies occur in children.It is important to study the epidemiological profile and endoscopic methods for treating FB impacted in the esophagus of children,as it can help in the development of more effective,safe and personalized preventive and therapeutic strategies.AIM To define the profile of children seeking emergency care due to FB impaction in the esophagus,analyze factors associated with complications,and evaluate the effectiveness of rigid(RE)and flexible endoscopes(FE).METHODS A retrospective cohort study of 166 children with impacted FB in the esophagus who underwent an endoscopy(FE=84 vs RE=82)at the Dr.JoséFrota Institute was performed.The primary outcomes were to assess the efficacy of the endoscopic technique and factors associated with complications.The secondary outcomes were age group,gender,symptoms,length of hospital stay,and location of the FB.RESULTS Boys(66.9%),preschoolers(43.4%),FB>24 hours(62.7%),cervical esophagus(60.8%),coin ingestion(57.2%)and complaints of dysphagia(24.9%)and sialorrhea(23.1%)were the predominant findings.Endoscopy was successful(90.4%)with sedation(89.1%).A total of 97%of patients were discharged from the hospital,while 3%died.The average hospital stay length was 2.6 days.Most patients did not experience complications predominated(64.5%).Esophageal perforations were more frequent after RE(11%vs 4.8%),while FE was more effective(95.2%vs 85.4%).Theχ2 test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical variables.For continuous variables,the Kruskal-Wallis test or analysis of variance was used.Statistical analyses were performed in R®software(version 1.3.1093).CONCLUSION Coins were the most frequent FBs and were mainly lodged in the upper esophagus of preschool boys.Risk factors for complications due to esophageal FB include battery ingestion,delayed removal(>48 hours)and lodging in the thoracic esophagus.FE was generally more effective than RE for removing FBs;both procedures are safe.
文摘Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and management of foreign bodies in the lower airways. Methodology: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection conducted over a 6-year period (January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019) in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of Donka National Hospital. Results: We observed a prevalence of 1.79%. The average age was 5.71 years, with a sex ratio of 1.2. However, 82.61% of the cases originated from rural areas. We noted that 78.83% of patients were referred after visiting 1 to 2 healthcare facilities (75.36%). The consultation delay was 3 days. Penetration syndrome was present in 98.56% of cases. The foreign body incidents occurred during play in 54.84% and during meals in 29.09% of cases. Radiographs were performed in 93.9% of cases. Endoscopy was used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in all patients. The foreign bodies were located in the trachea (37.68%), larynx (26.08%), and bronchi (21.73%). Non-organic foreign bodies were predominant (52.17%). Postoperative outcomes were uncomplicated in 95.98% of cases, and the lethality rate was 2.85%. Conclusion: The pathway of patients with foreign bodies in the airways remains unpredictable in our context due to parental hesitations. Early management reduces morbidity and mortality rates.
基金Supported by Ministry of Science,Technological Development and Innovations,Republic of Serbia,No.451-03-66/2024-03/200110.
文摘The minireview titled“Modern endoscopist’s toolbox:Innovations in foreign body removal”by Shahid and published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy provided a clear and comprehensive overview of endoscopic management of gastrointestinal foreign bodies.It will serve as a valuable resource for endoscopists involved in the diagnosis and treatment of such cases.Several key and controversial aspects of patient management were highlighted in a meaningful way,including the importance of thorough medical history-taking,appropriate use of radiological imaging,and the selection of suitable endoscopic extraction techniques.An individualized,multidisciplinary approach is essential for diagnosis and treatment.While current guidelines offer significant support,they cannot replace the judgment of an experienced endoscopist working with a well-trained team.
文摘"I will revisit the Xizang Autonomous Region and recommend it to my family and friends.I believe they will fall in love with the region,too,"said Mori Yua,a Japanese graduate student studying at Minzu University of China.On October 15,2024,12 international teachers and students just concluded their trip to Xizang.At Lhasa Gonggar International Airport,they were reluctant to wave goodbye to the plateau.They shared their feelings with one another:"incredible""beautiful and charming","amazing roof of the world".
文摘Different translators adopt various translation strategies due to their distinct cognitive construal operations.Based on the theory of cognitive construal,this paper focuses on the translation process of Lin Yutang’s English version of Six Chapters of a Floating Life,exploring the translator’s cognitive construal operations in understanding the source text and producing the target text,as well as examining the cognitive motivations behind these operations.The translation of literary works is not the process of decoding and re-encoding between languages,but also the outcome of the translator’s cognitive construal.Lin Yutang’s translation possesses a high degree of specificity,respecting the relationship between figure and ground in the original text,highlighting the beauty of the literary works.This study helps reveal the multiple interactive relationships among the translator,the original text,and the readers.
文摘BACKGROUND Rectal foreign bodies,though uncommon,present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,particularly when they result from accidental ingestion.The non-specific symptoms and the potential for serious complications necessitate a thorough and methodical approach to diagnosis and treatment.This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic complexities and management strategies involved in treating a patient with a rectal foreign body,focusing on the use of advanced imaging techniques and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male with a history of hypertension presented with a one-year history of post-defecation anorectal pain and mild post-defecation rectorrhagia.Initial evaluation revealed hemodynamic stability and a tender,non-mucosal lesion in the anterior left rectal region.Imaging studies,including colonoscopy,magnetic resonance imaging,and endosonography,identified an erythematous,exophytic lesion and a perirectal abscess containing a foreign body.Surgical inter-vention revealed necrotic tissue and purulent material,along with two solid foreign body fragments(bone or plant matter).Postoperative follow-up showed the patient in good condition,and pathology confirmed the fragments as mature bone.CONCLUSION This case underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by rectal foreign bodies with nonspecific symptoms and no clear history of ingestion.
文摘Foreign body ingestion is a common gastrointestinal emergency,particularly in children,who account for 80%of cases.While most ingested objects pass spontan-eously,around 20%require medical intervention.In adults,incidents often occur accidentally during meals,leading to impactions,especially in individuals with underlying esophageal conditions.Endoscopy remains the gold standard for foreign body retrieval,with a success rate exceeding 95%.The type,shape,and location of the foreign body determine the clinical presentation and management approach.Sharp objects,batteries,and large items pose the highest risk of complications,including perforation,obstruction,and chemical injury.Prompt endoscopic removal is guided by established protocols,with emergent inter-vention required for complete esophageal obstruction and high-risk objects.Various retrieval devices,including forceps,snares,baskets,and overtubes,are used based on the nature of the foreign body.Technological advancements,such as artificial intelligence-assisted imaging and endoscopic ultrasound,are impro-ving diagnostic precision and procedural outcomes.Despite these advances,foreign body ingestion can still lead to severe complications if not managed in a timely manner.Public awareness,preventive measures,and rapid medical res-ponse are essential in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with foreign body ingestion.
