Traffic modeling is a key step in several intelligent transportation systems（ITS） applications. This paper regards the traffic modeling through the enhancement of the cell transmission model. It considers the traffi...Traffic modeling is a key step in several intelligent transportation systems（ITS） applications. This paper regards the traffic modeling through the enhancement of the cell transmission model. It considers the traffic flow as a hybrid dynamic system and proposes a piecewise switched linear traffic model. The latter allows an accurate modeling of the traffic flow in a given section by considering its geometry. On the other hand, the piecewise switched linear traffic model handles more than one congestion wave and has the advantage to be modular. The measurements at upstream and downstream boundaries are also used in this model in order to decouple the traffic flow dynamics of successive road portions. Finally, real magnetic sensor data, provided by the performance measurement system on a portion of the Californian SR60-E highway are used to validate the proposed model.展开更多
Plasma behaviour and the scaling relations in a coaxial plasma opening switch （POS） using hydrogen plasma are studied self-consistently based on the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） equations in conjuncti...Plasma behaviour and the scaling relations in a coaxial plasma opening switch （POS） using hydrogen plasma are studied self-consistently based on the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） equations in conjunction with the generalized Ohm＇s law. The vacuum region on the right of POS is included in the model and the influence of downstream flow on the conduction characteristics is discussed. It is found that with the penetration of magnetic field, the pure hydrogen plasma is pushed downstream significantly; and POS still conducts current after the magnetic field arrives at the load edge of POS, which is different from the previous experimental results in a multispecies POS. It is because that the noticeable downstream plasma in the pure hydrogen POS may continue to conduct the current, while in the multispecies POS, the downstream plasma is unimportant so that the conduction phase ends soon after the magnetic field reaches the load edge. The scaling relation obtained from the simulations including the downstream region is consistent with the experimental results.展开更多
基于OpenFlow的SDN(Software Defined Networking)技术在数据中心中得到广泛研究和应用,如何缓解集中的控制平面成为网络性能的瓶颈是其中的研究热点.OpenFlow规范提出,当数据平面有缓存能力时,未命中的报文仅需发送少量摘要信息至控制...基于OpenFlow的SDN(Software Defined Networking)技术在数据中心中得到广泛研究和应用,如何缓解集中的控制平面成为网络性能的瓶颈是其中的研究热点.OpenFlow规范提出,当数据平面有缓存能力时,未命中的报文仅需发送少量摘要信息至控制器触发规则下发,从而减少控制平面与数据平面的通信负载.然而,现有的缓存模型采用报文粒度的缓存方式,使得同一条流的多个未命中报文会被送至控制器造成额外的通信负载,而且交换机处理报文的顺序会导致流内报文乱序,从而降低通信的性能.针对上述问题,该文提出了一种支持流内报文保序的OpenFlow交换机流缓存管理模型.通过基于流粒度的未命中报文缓存方式,进一步减少控制平面与数据平面的通信开销.通过设计流动作预处理机制,实现同一条流内报文传输保序.该文分别基于软件交换机OFSoftSwitch与硬件网络实验平台NetMagic对该流缓存管理模型进行了原型系统验证.展开更多
Network security protocols such as IPsec have been used for many years to ensure robust end-to-end communication and are important in the context of SDN. Despite the widespread installation of IPsec to date, per-packe...Network security protocols such as IPsec have been used for many years to ensure robust end-to-end communication and are important in the context of SDN. Despite the widespread installation of IPsec to date, per-packet protection offered by the protocol is not very compatible with OpenFlow and tlow-like behavior. OpenFlow architecture cannot aggregate IPsee-ESP flows in transport mode or tunnel mode because layer-3 information is encrypted and therefore unreadable. In this paper, we propose using the Security Parameter Index （SPI） of IPsec within the OpenFlow architecture to identify and direct IPsec flows. This enables IPsec to conform to the packet-based behavior of OpenFlow architecture. In addition, by distinguishing between IPsec flows, the architecture is particularly suited to secure group communication.展开更多
软件定义网络的转发控制分离、集中控制、开放接口等特性使网络变得灵活可控,其架构得到了充分的发展.由于与各种云化业务的良好结合,软件定义网络(software defined networking,SDN)在近些年来得到了大量的商业部署.在基于OpenFlow的SD...软件定义网络的转发控制分离、集中控制、开放接口等特性使网络变得灵活可控,其架构得到了充分的发展.由于与各种云化业务的良好结合,软件定义网络(software defined networking,SDN)在近些年来得到了大量的商业部署.在基于OpenFlow的SDN架构中,为了实现流表项的快速查找、掩码匹配等目标,商业部署的硬件交换机大多使用三态内容寻址存储器(ternary content addressable memory,TCAM)来存储控制器下发的流表项.但受限于TCAM的容量和价格,目前商用OpenFlow交换机至多能支持存储数万条流表项,导致其存在因突发流和流表攻击等原因而产生流表溢出问题,严重影响了网络性能.因此,如何建立高效的流表溢出缓解机制引起了研究人员的广泛关注.首先对OpenFlow交换机流表溢出问题产生的原因及其影响进行了分析,在此基础上按照流量突发和攻击行为2种情况归纳对比了流表溢出缓解技术的研究现状,总结分析了现有研究存在的问题与不足,并展望了未来的发展方向和面临的挑战.展开更多
In this paper, analysis, design and implementation of non-isolated soft-switching bidirectional DC-DC converter with an active switch are described. The proposed topology gives the output voltage as twice as the input...In this paper, analysis, design and implementation of non-isolated soft-switching bidirectional DC-DC converter with an active switch are described. The proposed topology gives the output voltage as twice as the input voltage and enhances the efficiency up to 94.5% and 92.9% for boost and buck mode operation by proper selection of the duty cycle. Soft switching can be achieved at both steps up and step down operating modes. Small signal analysis based on state space averaging and transfer functions have been presented in detail for the proposed converter. Finally, the feasibility of the desired converter is confirmed to mat lab simulation and investigational results.展开更多
文摘Traffic modeling is a key step in several intelligent transportation systems（ITS） applications. This paper regards the traffic modeling through the enhancement of the cell transmission model. It considers the traffic flow as a hybrid dynamic system and proposes a piecewise switched linear traffic model. The latter allows an accurate modeling of the traffic flow in a given section by considering its geometry. On the other hand, the piecewise switched linear traffic model handles more than one congestion wave and has the advantage to be modular. The measurements at upstream and downstream boundaries are also used in this model in order to decouple the traffic flow dynamics of successive road portions. Finally, real magnetic sensor data, provided by the performance measurement system on a portion of the Californian SR60-E highway are used to validate the proposed model.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10376003)
文摘Plasma behaviour and the scaling relations in a coaxial plasma opening switch （POS） using hydrogen plasma are studied self-consistently based on the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） equations in conjunction with the generalized Ohm＇s law. The vacuum region on the right of POS is included in the model and the influence of downstream flow on the conduction characteristics is discussed. It is found that with the penetration of magnetic field, the pure hydrogen plasma is pushed downstream significantly; and POS still conducts current after the magnetic field arrives at the load edge of POS, which is different from the previous experimental results in a multispecies POS. It is because that the noticeable downstream plasma in the pure hydrogen POS may continue to conduct the current, while in the multispecies POS, the downstream plasma is unimportant so that the conduction phase ends soon after the magnetic field reaches the load edge. The scaling relation obtained from the simulations including the downstream region is consistent with the experimental results.
文摘基于OpenFlow的SDN(Software Defined Networking)技术在数据中心中得到广泛研究和应用,如何缓解集中的控制平面成为网络性能的瓶颈是其中的研究热点.OpenFlow规范提出,当数据平面有缓存能力时,未命中的报文仅需发送少量摘要信息至控制器触发规则下发,从而减少控制平面与数据平面的通信负载.然而,现有的缓存模型采用报文粒度的缓存方式,使得同一条流的多个未命中报文会被送至控制器造成额外的通信负载,而且交换机处理报文的顺序会导致流内报文乱序,从而降低通信的性能.针对上述问题,该文提出了一种支持流内报文保序的OpenFlow交换机流缓存管理模型.通过基于流粒度的未命中报文缓存方式,进一步减少控制平面与数据平面的通信开销.通过设计流动作预处理机制,实现同一条流内报文传输保序.该文分别基于软件交换机OFSoftSwitch与硬件网络实验平台NetMagic对该流缓存管理模型进行了原型系统验证.
文摘Network security protocols such as IPsec have been used for many years to ensure robust end-to-end communication and are important in the context of SDN. Despite the widespread installation of IPsec to date, per-packet protection offered by the protocol is not very compatible with OpenFlow and tlow-like behavior. OpenFlow architecture cannot aggregate IPsee-ESP flows in transport mode or tunnel mode because layer-3 information is encrypted and therefore unreadable. In this paper, we propose using the Security Parameter Index （SPI） of IPsec within the OpenFlow architecture to identify and direct IPsec flows. This enables IPsec to conform to the packet-based behavior of OpenFlow architecture. In addition, by distinguishing between IPsec flows, the architecture is particularly suited to secure group communication.
文摘In this paper, analysis, design and implementation of non-isolated soft-switching bidirectional DC-DC converter with an active switch are described. The proposed topology gives the output voltage as twice as the input voltage and enhances the efficiency up to 94.5% and 92.9% for boost and buck mode operation by proper selection of the duty cycle. Soft switching can be achieved at both steps up and step down operating modes. Small signal analysis based on state space averaging and transfer functions have been presented in detail for the proposed converter. Finally, the feasibility of the desired converter is confirmed to mat lab simulation and investigational results.
