During horizontal well drilling,the interaction between drilling fluid and cuttings entering the annulus generates diverse flow patterns.These solid-liquid two-phase flow patterns must be accurately predicted to optim...During horizontal well drilling,the interaction between drilling fluid and cuttings entering the annulus generates diverse flow patterns.These solid-liquid two-phase flow patterns must be accurately predicted to optimize the determination of hydraulic parameters and improve the efficiency of cuttings transport.Accordingly,this study identified flow patterns and conducted transition experiments under different inclination angles using a visualized wellbore annulus apparatus(120 mm outer diameter/73 mm inner diameter).Through direct visual observations,four primary flow patterns were systematically classified on the basis of the solid-liquid two-phase flow behaviors identified in the experiments:stable bed(SB),sand wave(SW),sand dune(SD),and bed load(BL)flows.The experimental data were then used to construct flow pattern maps with solid/liquid phases as axes,after which the transition boundaries between different flow patterns were established.The morphological characteristics and transition mechanisms of SB,SW,SD,and BL flows were systematically analyzed to develop three predictive models of the fluid dynamics principles governing these flow patterns’transitions:(1)A transition boundary model of SB and SW flows was established using Kelvin-Helmholtz stability,for which a stability analysis of solid-liquid two-phase flow in deviated and horizontal annuli was carried out.(2)A transition boundary model of SW and SD flows was constructed through an analysis of the geometric features of sand waves in the annuli,with the critical ratio of the average height of a cuttings bed to its height after erosion being 0.45.(3)A traditional critical velocity model was refined by adjusting the von Karman constant to account for the effect of solid volume concentration,yielding a boundary model for the transition of SW or SD flow into BL flow.All the models were experimentally validated.Finally,we integrated the models to develop a unified method for identifying and classifying the patterns typifying solid-liquid two-phase flow in deviated and horizontal annuli.展开更多
Gas–liquid two-phase flow abounds in industrial processes and facilities. Identification of its flow pattern plays an essential role in the field of multiphase flow measurement. A bluff body was introduced in this s...Gas–liquid two-phase flow abounds in industrial processes and facilities. Identification of its flow pattern plays an essential role in the field of multiphase flow measurement. A bluff body was introduced in this study to recognize gas–liquid flow patterns by inducing fluid oscillation that enlarged differences between each flow pattern. Experiments with air–water mixtures were carried out in horizontal pipelines at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Differential pressure signals from the bluff-body wake were obtained in bubble, bubble/plug transitional, plug, slug, and annular flows. Utilizing the adaptive ensemble empirical mode decomposition method and the Hilbert transform, the time–frequency entropy S of the differential pressure signals was obtained. By combining S and other flow parameters, such as the volumetric void fraction β, the dryness x, the ratio of density φ and the modified fluid coefficient ψ, a new flow pattern map was constructed which adopted S（1–x）φ and （1–β）ψ as the vertical and horizontal coordinates, respectively. The overall rate of classification of the map was verified to be 92.9% by the experimental data. It provides an effective and simple solution to the gas–liquid flow pattern identification problems.展开更多
In view of the importance of gas-liquid two-phase spiral flow and the few research reports at home and abroad,the gas-liquid two-phase spiral flow patterns have been researched in a horizontal pipe with different para...In view of the importance of gas-liquid two-phase spiral flow and the few research reports at home and abroad,the gas-liquid two-phase spiral flow patterns have been researched in a horizontal pipe with different parameters investigated by means of observation and a high-speed camera.Since the appearance of spiral flow makes the distribution of twophase flow more complicated,the flow patterns appearing in the experiments were divided into the Spiral Wavy Stratified Flow(SWS),the Spiral Bubble Flow(SB),the Spiral Slug Flow(SS),the Spiral Linear Flow(SL),the Spiral Axial Flow(SA),and the Spiral Dispersed Flow(SD) by the observations and with reference to the predecessors' research achievements.A flow pattern map has been drawn up.The influence of velocity,vane angle and vane area on flow pattern conversion boundary and pressure drop has been studied,with a solid foundation laid for the future research work.展开更多
水平管内流动冷凝的两相流型对其传热与流动的研究十分重要,流型图则是流型辨别及其转换判断的重要工具。本文总结了目前水平管内流动冷凝流型图及其转换标准的研究进展,列举了七种针对流动冷凝提出的流型图:Breber et al.(1980),Tandon...水平管内流动冷凝的两相流型对其传热与流动的研究十分重要,流型图则是流型辨别及其转换判断的重要工具。本文总结了目前水平管内流动冷凝流型图及其转换标准的研究进展,列举了七种针对流动冷凝提出的流型图:Breber et al.(1980),Tandon et al.(1982),Cavallini et al.(2002,2006),El Hajal et al.(2003),Kim et al.(2012)和Nema et al.(2014),根据现有的研究,发现目前的两相流型图大多针对绝热条件及流动沸腾所提出,其应用于流动冷凝中存在一定的偏差,而流动冷凝两相流型图目前研究还较少。另外,现有的流型图大多针对常规管道和基于常温常压工质所提出,其应用于微管道和低温或高压等工质存在一定的困难,且其研究还未能与传热及压降模型的研究实现较好的联系。展开更多
Flow patterns of liquid-gas two-phase flow were experimentally investigated. The experiments were carried out in both vertical and horizontal capillary tubes having inner diameters of 1,60 mm, The working liquid was t...Flow patterns of liquid-gas two-phase flow were experimentally investigated. The experiments were carried out in both vertical and horizontal capillary tubes having inner diameters of 1,60 mm, The working liquid was the mixture of water and Sodium Dodecyl Benzoyl Sulfate （SDBS）. The working gas was Nitrogen. For the water/SDBS mixture-gas flow in the vertical capillary tube, flow-pattern transitions occurred at lower flow velocities than those for the water-gas flow in the same tube. For the water/SDBS mixture-gas flow in the horizontal capillary tube, surface tension had little effect on the bubbly-intermittent transition and had only slight effect on the plug-slug and slug-annular transitions. However, surface tension had significant effect on the wavy stratified flow regime. The wavy stratified flow regime of water/SDBS mixture-gas flow expanded compared with that of water-gas.展开更多
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174002&52204008)the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LH2022E020).
文摘During horizontal well drilling,the interaction between drilling fluid and cuttings entering the annulus generates diverse flow patterns.These solid-liquid two-phase flow patterns must be accurately predicted to optimize the determination of hydraulic parameters and improve the efficiency of cuttings transport.Accordingly,this study identified flow patterns and conducted transition experiments under different inclination angles using a visualized wellbore annulus apparatus(120 mm outer diameter/73 mm inner diameter).Through direct visual observations,four primary flow patterns were systematically classified on the basis of the solid-liquid two-phase flow behaviors identified in the experiments:stable bed(SB),sand wave(SW),sand dune(SD),and bed load(BL)flows.The experimental data were then used to construct flow pattern maps with solid/liquid phases as axes,after which the transition boundaries between different flow patterns were established.The morphological characteristics and transition mechanisms of SB,SW,SD,and BL flows were systematically analyzed to develop three predictive models of the fluid dynamics principles governing these flow patterns’transitions:(1)A transition boundary model of SB and SW flows was established using Kelvin-Helmholtz stability,for which a stability analysis of solid-liquid two-phase flow in deviated and horizontal annuli was carried out.(2)A transition boundary model of SW and SD flows was constructed through an analysis of the geometric features of sand waves in the annuli,with the critical ratio of the average height of a cuttings bed to its height after erosion being 0.45.(3)A traditional critical velocity model was refined by adjusting the von Karman constant to account for the effect of solid volume concentration,yielding a boundary model for the transition of SW or SD flow into BL flow.All the models were experimentally validated.Finally,we integrated the models to develop a unified method for identifying and classifying the patterns typifying solid-liquid two-phase flow in deviated and horizontal annuli.
基金Project(51576213)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2015RS4015)supported by the Hunan Scientific Program,ChinaProject(2016zzts323)supported by the Innovation Project of Central South University,China
文摘Gas–liquid two-phase flow abounds in industrial processes and facilities. Identification of its flow pattern plays an essential role in the field of multiphase flow measurement. A bluff body was introduced in this study to recognize gas–liquid flow patterns by inducing fluid oscillation that enlarged differences between each flow pattern. Experiments with air–water mixtures were carried out in horizontal pipelines at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Differential pressure signals from the bluff-body wake were obtained in bubble, bubble/plug transitional, plug, slug, and annular flows. Utilizing the adaptive ensemble empirical mode decomposition method and the Hilbert transform, the time–frequency entropy S of the differential pressure signals was obtained. By combining S and other flow parameters, such as the volumetric void fraction β, the dryness x, the ratio of density φ and the modified fluid coefficient ψ, a new flow pattern map was constructed which adopted S（1–x）φ and （1–β）ψ as the vertical and horizontal coordinates, respectively. The overall rate of classification of the map was verified to be 92.9% by the experimental data. It provides an effective and simple solution to the gas–liquid flow pattern identification problems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant number 51776015)
文摘In view of the importance of gas-liquid two-phase spiral flow and the few research reports at home and abroad,the gas-liquid two-phase spiral flow patterns have been researched in a horizontal pipe with different parameters investigated by means of observation and a high-speed camera.Since the appearance of spiral flow makes the distribution of twophase flow more complicated,the flow patterns appearing in the experiments were divided into the Spiral Wavy Stratified Flow(SWS),the Spiral Bubble Flow(SB),the Spiral Slug Flow(SS),the Spiral Linear Flow(SL),the Spiral Axial Flow(SA),and the Spiral Dispersed Flow(SD) by the observations and with reference to the predecessors' research achievements.A flow pattern map has been drawn up.The influence of velocity,vane angle and vane area on flow pattern conversion boundary and pressure drop has been studied,with a solid foundation laid for the future research work.
文摘水平管内流动冷凝的两相流型对其传热与流动的研究十分重要,流型图则是流型辨别及其转换判断的重要工具。本文总结了目前水平管内流动冷凝流型图及其转换标准的研究进展,列举了七种针对流动冷凝提出的流型图:Breber et al.(1980),Tandon et al.(1982),Cavallini et al.(2002,2006),El Hajal et al.(2003),Kim et al.(2012)和Nema et al.(2014),根据现有的研究,发现目前的两相流型图大多针对绝热条件及流动沸腾所提出,其应用于流动冷凝中存在一定的偏差,而流动冷凝两相流型图目前研究还较少。另外,现有的流型图大多针对常规管道和基于常温常压工质所提出,其应用于微管道和低温或高压等工质存在一定的困难,且其研究还未能与传热及压降模型的研究实现较好的联系。
基金supported by Key foundational research project of Science and Technology Bureau of Shanghai (Grant No. 04JC14049).
文摘Flow patterns of liquid-gas two-phase flow were experimentally investigated. The experiments were carried out in both vertical and horizontal capillary tubes having inner diameters of 1,60 mm, The working liquid was the mixture of water and Sodium Dodecyl Benzoyl Sulfate （SDBS）. The working gas was Nitrogen. For the water/SDBS mixture-gas flow in the vertical capillary tube, flow-pattern transitions occurred at lower flow velocities than those for the water-gas flow in the same tube. For the water/SDBS mixture-gas flow in the horizontal capillary tube, surface tension had little effect on the bubbly-intermittent transition and had only slight effect on the plug-slug and slug-annular transitions. However, surface tension had significant effect on the wavy stratified flow regime. The wavy stratified flow regime of water/SDBS mixture-gas flow expanded compared with that of water-gas.
