In order to purify oil recovery wastewater from polymer flooding （ORWPF） in tertiary oil recovery in oil fields, advanced treatment of UV/H2O2/O3 and fine filtration were investigated. The experimental results showe...In order to purify oil recovery wastewater from polymer flooding （ORWPF） in tertiary oil recovery in oil fields, advanced treatment of UV/H2O2/O3 and fine filtration were investigated. The experimental results showed that polyacrylamide and oil remaining in ORWPF after the conventional treatment process could be effectively removed by UV/H2O2/O3 process. Fine filtration gave a high performance in eliminating suspended solids. The treated ORWPF can meet the quality requirement of the wastewater-bearing polymer injection in oilfield and be safely re-injected into oil reservoirs for oil recovery.展开更多
The heavy floods in the Terengganu have showed an increasing trend in recent years. Terrain?characteristics of land and meteorological properties of the region are main natural factors for?this?disaster. In this paper...The heavy floods in the Terengganu have showed an increasing trend in recent years. Terrain?characteristics of land and meteorological properties of the region are main natural factors for?this?disaster. In this paper, Terengganu was selected as the case study for flood risk analysis. Geographical Information System (GIS) is integrated with Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to evaluate the potential flood risk areas. Some of the causative factors for flooding in watershed are taken into account as annual rainfall, basin slope, drainage network and the type of soil. The spatial multi-criteria analysis was used to rank and display potential locations, while the analytical hierarchy process method was used to compute the priority weights of each criterion. Using AHP, the percentages derived from the factors were Rainfall 38.7%, Drainage network 27.5%, Slope of the river basin 19.8% and Soil type 14%. At the end of the study, a map of flood risk areas was?generated and validated with a view to assisting decision makers on the menace posed by the disaster.展开更多
Southern Red Sea flooding is common. Assessing flood-prone development risks helps decrease life and property threats. It tries to improve flood awareness and advocate property owner steps to lessen risk. DEMs and top...Southern Red Sea flooding is common. Assessing flood-prone development risks helps decrease life and property threats. It tries to improve flood awareness and advocate property owner steps to lessen risk. DEMs and topography data were analyzed by RS and GIS. Fifth-through seventh-order rivers were studied. Morphometric analysis assessed the area’s flash flood danger. NEOM has 14 catchments. We determined each catchment’s area, perimeter, maximum length, total stream length, minimum and maximum elevations. It also uses remote sensing. It classifies Landsat 8 photos for land use and cover maps. Image categorization involves high-quality Landsat satellite images and secondary data, plus user experience and knowledge. This study used the wetness index, elevation, slope, stream power index, topographic roughness index, normalized difference vegetation index, sediment transport index, stream order, flow accumulation, and geological formation. Analytic hierarchy considered all earlier criteria (AHP). The geometric consistency index GCI (0.15) and the consistency ratio CR (4.3%) are calculated. The study showed five degrees of flooding risk for Wadi Zawhi and four for Wadi Surr, from very high to very low. 9.16% of Wadi Surr is vulnerable to very high flooding, 50% to high flooding, 40% to low flooding, and 0.3% to very low flooding. Wadi Zawhi’s flood risk is 0.23% high, moderate, low, or extremely low. They’re in Wadi Surr and Wadi Zawhi. Flood mapping helps prepare for emergencies. Flood-prone areas should prioritize resilience.展开更多
为给秋汛期汉江上游大洪水天气预报提供参考,基于NCEP/NCAR再分析资料及常规气象水文实况观测资料,研究了2000年以来汉江上游秋汛期大洪水的水情、雨情特征、大尺度环流形势特征以及致洪暴雨成因,结果表明:进入21世纪秋汛期汉江流域洪...为给秋汛期汉江上游大洪水天气预报提供参考,基于NCEP/NCAR再分析资料及常规气象水文实况观测资料,研究了2000年以来汉江上游秋汛期大洪水的水情、雨情特征、大尺度环流形势特征以及致洪暴雨成因,结果表明:进入21世纪秋汛期汉江流域洪水过程逐渐增多。致洪暴雨中心主要位于汉江上游南部和西部,即汉江流域南侧的米仓山、大巴山一带,安康水库以上的沿江河谷一带,及外方山南麓和伏牛山西南坡处的丹江河段。洪水峰值呈现单峰、双峰和多峰型。单峰型洪水过程持续时间最短,多峰型持续时间最长。从过程最大降水开始至洪峰出现,平均历时43 h,当起始入库流量超过4500 m 3·s^(-1)以上时,洪峰形成所需时长将大为缩短。从大尺度环流特征来看,汉江上游秋汛期降水偏多与欧亚中高纬阻塞系统强盛,西太洋副热带高压偏强、偏西,南亚高压及副热带西风急流偏北密切相关,高空辐散场大值区对应汉江上游所在区域,低层至高层的垂直运动增强,有利于致洪暴雨的发生。汉江上游秋汛期大洪水年源自阿拉伯海经由印度半岛和南海南部向北输送的水汽异常增多、西太平洋向西输送的水汽异常增多,为致洪暴雨的发生提供了异常充足的水汽供给。展开更多
This document describes the creation of an informative Web GIS aimed at mitigating the impacts of flooding in the municipality of Ouagadougou, in Burkina Faso, a region that is highly sensitive to climate change. Burk...This document describes the creation of an informative Web GIS aimed at mitigating the impacts of flooding in the municipality of Ouagadougou, in Burkina Faso, a region that is highly sensitive to climate change. Burkina Faso, which is undergoing rapid urbanization, faces major natural threats, particularly flooding, as demonstrated by the severe floods of 2009 that caused loss of life, injury, structural damage and economic losses in Ouagadougou. The aim of this research is to develop a web map highlighting the municipality’s flood-prone areas, with a view to informing and raising awareness of flood risk reduction. Using the Leaflet JavaScript mapping library, the study uses HTML, CSS and JavaScript to implement web mapping technology. Data on Ouagadougou’s flood zones is generated by a multi-criteria analysis combining Saaty’s AHP method and GIS in QGIS, integrating seven (7) parameters including hydrography, altitude, slope, rainfall, soil types, land use and soil moisture index. QGIS processes and maps the themes, PostgreSQL with PostGIS serves as the DBMS and GeoServer functions as the map server. The Web GIS platform allows users to visualize the different flood risks, from very low to very high, or the high-risk areas specific to Ouagadougou. The AHP calculations classify the municipality into five flood vulnerability zones: very low (24.48%), low (27.93%), medium (23.01%), high (17.11%) and very high (7.47%). Effective risk management requires communication and awareness-raising. This online mapping application serves as a tool for communication, management and flood prevention in Ouagadougou, helping to mitigate flood-related natural disasters.展开更多
文摘In order to purify oil recovery wastewater from polymer flooding （ORWPF） in tertiary oil recovery in oil fields, advanced treatment of UV/H2O2/O3 and fine filtration were investigated. The experimental results showed that polyacrylamide and oil remaining in ORWPF after the conventional treatment process could be effectively removed by UV/H2O2/O3 process. Fine filtration gave a high performance in eliminating suspended solids. The treated ORWPF can meet the quality requirement of the wastewater-bearing polymer injection in oilfield and be safely re-injected into oil reservoirs for oil recovery.
文摘The heavy floods in the Terengganu have showed an increasing trend in recent years. Terrain?characteristics of land and meteorological properties of the region are main natural factors for?this?disaster. In this paper, Terengganu was selected as the case study for flood risk analysis. Geographical Information System (GIS) is integrated with Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to evaluate the potential flood risk areas. Some of the causative factors for flooding in watershed are taken into account as annual rainfall, basin slope, drainage network and the type of soil. The spatial multi-criteria analysis was used to rank and display potential locations, while the analytical hierarchy process method was used to compute the priority weights of each criterion. Using AHP, the percentages derived from the factors were Rainfall 38.7%, Drainage network 27.5%, Slope of the river basin 19.8% and Soil type 14%. At the end of the study, a map of flood risk areas was?generated and validated with a view to assisting decision makers on the menace posed by the disaster.
文摘Southern Red Sea flooding is common. Assessing flood-prone development risks helps decrease life and property threats. It tries to improve flood awareness and advocate property owner steps to lessen risk. DEMs and topography data were analyzed by RS and GIS. Fifth-through seventh-order rivers were studied. Morphometric analysis assessed the area’s flash flood danger. NEOM has 14 catchments. We determined each catchment’s area, perimeter, maximum length, total stream length, minimum and maximum elevations. It also uses remote sensing. It classifies Landsat 8 photos for land use and cover maps. Image categorization involves high-quality Landsat satellite images and secondary data, plus user experience and knowledge. This study used the wetness index, elevation, slope, stream power index, topographic roughness index, normalized difference vegetation index, sediment transport index, stream order, flow accumulation, and geological formation. Analytic hierarchy considered all earlier criteria (AHP). The geometric consistency index GCI (0.15) and the consistency ratio CR (4.3%) are calculated. The study showed five degrees of flooding risk for Wadi Zawhi and four for Wadi Surr, from very high to very low. 9.16% of Wadi Surr is vulnerable to very high flooding, 50% to high flooding, 40% to low flooding, and 0.3% to very low flooding. Wadi Zawhi’s flood risk is 0.23% high, moderate, low, or extremely low. They’re in Wadi Surr and Wadi Zawhi. Flood mapping helps prepare for emergencies. Flood-prone areas should prioritize resilience.
文摘为给秋汛期汉江上游大洪水天气预报提供参考,基于NCEP/NCAR再分析资料及常规气象水文实况观测资料,研究了2000年以来汉江上游秋汛期大洪水的水情、雨情特征、大尺度环流形势特征以及致洪暴雨成因,结果表明:进入21世纪秋汛期汉江流域洪水过程逐渐增多。致洪暴雨中心主要位于汉江上游南部和西部,即汉江流域南侧的米仓山、大巴山一带,安康水库以上的沿江河谷一带,及外方山南麓和伏牛山西南坡处的丹江河段。洪水峰值呈现单峰、双峰和多峰型。单峰型洪水过程持续时间最短,多峰型持续时间最长。从过程最大降水开始至洪峰出现,平均历时43 h,当起始入库流量超过4500 m 3·s^(-1)以上时,洪峰形成所需时长将大为缩短。从大尺度环流特征来看,汉江上游秋汛期降水偏多与欧亚中高纬阻塞系统强盛,西太洋副热带高压偏强、偏西,南亚高压及副热带西风急流偏北密切相关,高空辐散场大值区对应汉江上游所在区域,低层至高层的垂直运动增强,有利于致洪暴雨的发生。汉江上游秋汛期大洪水年源自阿拉伯海经由印度半岛和南海南部向北输送的水汽异常增多、西太平洋向西输送的水汽异常增多,为致洪暴雨的发生提供了异常充足的水汽供给。
文摘This document describes the creation of an informative Web GIS aimed at mitigating the impacts of flooding in the municipality of Ouagadougou, in Burkina Faso, a region that is highly sensitive to climate change. Burkina Faso, which is undergoing rapid urbanization, faces major natural threats, particularly flooding, as demonstrated by the severe floods of 2009 that caused loss of life, injury, structural damage and economic losses in Ouagadougou. The aim of this research is to develop a web map highlighting the municipality’s flood-prone areas, with a view to informing and raising awareness of flood risk reduction. Using the Leaflet JavaScript mapping library, the study uses HTML, CSS and JavaScript to implement web mapping technology. Data on Ouagadougou’s flood zones is generated by a multi-criteria analysis combining Saaty’s AHP method and GIS in QGIS, integrating seven (7) parameters including hydrography, altitude, slope, rainfall, soil types, land use and soil moisture index. QGIS processes and maps the themes, PostgreSQL with PostGIS serves as the DBMS and GeoServer functions as the map server. The Web GIS platform allows users to visualize the different flood risks, from very low to very high, or the high-risk areas specific to Ouagadougou. The AHP calculations classify the municipality into five flood vulnerability zones: very low (24.48%), low (27.93%), medium (23.01%), high (17.11%) and very high (7.47%). Effective risk management requires communication and awareness-raising. This online mapping application serves as a tool for communication, management and flood prevention in Ouagadougou, helping to mitigate flood-related natural disasters.
