Since the first design of tactile sensors was proposed by Harmon in 1982,tactile sensors have evolved through four key phases:industrial applications(1980s,basic pressure detection),miniaturization via MEMS(1990s),fle...Since the first design of tactile sensors was proposed by Harmon in 1982,tactile sensors have evolved through four key phases:industrial applications(1980s,basic pressure detection),miniaturization via MEMS(1990s),flexible electronics(2010s,stretchable materials),and intelligent systems(2020s-present,AI-driven multimodal sensing).With the innovation of material,processing techniques,and multimodal fusion of stimuli,the application of tactile sensors has been continuously expanding to a diversity of areas,including but not limited to medical care,aerospace,sports and intelligent robots.Currently,researchers are dedicated to develop tactile sensors with emerging mechanisms and structures,pursuing high-sensitivity,high-resolution,and multimodal characteristics and further constructing tactile systems which imitate and approach the performance of human organs.However,challenges in the combination between the theoretical research and the practical applications are still significant.There is a lack of comprehensive understanding in the state of the art of such knowledge transferring from academic work to technical products.Scaled-up production of laboratory materials faces fatal challenges like high costs,small scale,and inconsistent quality.Ambient factors,such as temperature,humidity,and electromagnetic interference,also impair signal reliability.Moreover,tactile sensors must operate across a wide pressure range(0.1 k Pa to several or even dozens of MPa)to meet diverse application needs.Meanwhile,the existing algorithms,data models and sensing systems commonly reveal insufficient precision as well as undesired robustness in data processing,and there is a realistic gap between the designed and the demanded system response speed.In this review,oriented by the design requirements of intelligent tactile sensing systems,we summarize the common sensing mechanisms,inspired structures,key performance,and optimizing strategies,followed by a brief overview of the recent advances in the perspectives of system integration and algorithm implementation,and the possible roadmap of future development of tactile sensors,providing a forward-looking as well as critical discussions in the future industrial applications of flexible tactile sensors.展开更多
The advancement of flexible memristors has significantly promoted the development of wearable electronic for emerging neuromorphic computing applications.Inspired by in-memory computing architecture of human brain,fle...The advancement of flexible memristors has significantly promoted the development of wearable electronic for emerging neuromorphic computing applications.Inspired by in-memory computing architecture of human brain,flexible memristors exhibit great application potential in emulating artificial synapses for highefficiency and low power consumption neuromorphic computing.This paper provides comprehensive overview of flexible memristors from perspectives of development history,material system,device structure,mechanical deformation method,device performance analysis,stress simulation during deformation,and neuromorphic computing applications.The recent advances in flexible electronics are summarized,including single device,device array and integration.The challenges and future perspectives of flexible memristor for neuromorphic computing are discussed deeply,paving the way for constructing wearable smart electronics and applications in large-scale neuromorphic computing and high-order intelligent robotics.展开更多
An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduc...An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduced wave equation.The theoretical solutions for the heave radiating potential to the assigned physical model in the corresponding zones are attained by using the separation of variables approach along with the Fourier expansion.Applying the matching eigenfunction expansion technique and orthogonal conditions,the unknown coefficients that are involved in the radiated potentials are determined.The attained radiation potential allows the computation of hydrodynamic coefficients of the heaving buoy,Power Take-Off damping,and wave quantities.The accuracy of the analytical solution for the hydrodynamic coefficients is demonstrated for different oblique angles with varying numbers of terms in the series solution.The current analytical analysis findings are confirmed by existing published numerical boundary element method simulations.Several numerical results of the hydrodynamic coefficients,power capture,power take-off optimal damping,and transmission coefficients for numerous structural and physical aspects are conducted.It has been noted that the ideal power take-off damping increases as the angle of incidence rises,and the analysis suggests that the ability to capture waves is more effective in shallower waters compared to deeper ones.展开更多
Flexible electronics are transforming our lives by making daily activities more convenient.Central to this innovation are field-effect transistors(FETs),valued for their efficient signal processing,nanoscale fabricati...Flexible electronics are transforming our lives by making daily activities more convenient.Central to this innovation are field-effect transistors(FETs),valued for their efficient signal processing,nanoscale fabrication,low-power consumption,fast response times,and versatility.Graphene,known for its exceptional mechanical properties,high electron mobility,and biocompatibility,is an ideal material for FET channels and sensors.The combination of graphene and FETs has given rise to flexible graphene field-effect transistors(FGFETs),driving significant advances in flexible electronics and sparked a strong interest in flexible biomedical sensors.Here,we first provide a brief overview of the basic structure,operating mechanism,and evaluation parameters of FGFETs,and delve into their material selection and patterning techniques.The ability of FGFETs to sense strains and biomolecular charges opens up diverse application possibilities.We specifically analyze the latest strategies for integrating FGFETs into wearable and implantable flexible biomedical sensors,focusing on the key aspects of constructing high-quality flexible biomedical sensors.Finally,we discuss the current challenges and prospects of FGFETs and their applications in biomedical sensors.This review will provide valuable insights and inspiration for ongoing research to improve the quality of FGFETs and broaden their application prospects in flexible biomedical sensing.展开更多
The complex wiring,bulky data collection devices,and difficulty in fast and on-site data interpretation significantly limit the practical application of flexible strain sensors as wearable devices.To tackle these chal...The complex wiring,bulky data collection devices,and difficulty in fast and on-site data interpretation significantly limit the practical application of flexible strain sensors as wearable devices.To tackle these challenges,this work develops an artificial intelligenceassisted,wireless,flexible,and wearable mechanoluminescent strain sensor system(AIFWMLS)by integration of deep learning neural network-based color data processing system(CDPS)with a sandwich-structured flexible mechanoluminescent sensor(SFLC)film.The SFLC film shows remarkable and robust mechanoluminescent performance with a simple structure for easy fabrication.The CDPS system can rapidly and accurately extract and interpret the color of the SFLC film to strain values with auto-correction of errors caused by the varying color temperature,which significantly improves the accuracy of the predicted strain.A smart glove mechanoluminescent sensor system demonstrates the great potential of the AIFWMLS system in human gesture recognition.Moreover,the versatile SFLC film can also serve as a encryption device.The integration of deep learning neural network-based artificial intelligence and SFLC film provides a promising strategy to break the“color to strain value”bottleneck that hinders the practical application of flexible colorimetric strain sensors,which could promote the development of wearable and flexible strain sensors from laboratory research to consumer markets.展开更多
Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIB...Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIBs,which are foldable and have high energy densities,are be-coming increasingly important as power sources for wear-able devices,flexible electronics,and mobile energy applica-tions.Carbon materials,especially carbon nanofibers,are pivotal in improving the performance of FLIBs by increas-ing electrical conductivity,chemical stability,and surface area,as well as reducing costs.These materials also play a significant role in establishing conducting networks and im-proving structural integrity,which are essential for extend-ing the cycle life and enhancing the safety of the batteries.This review considers the role of electrospinning in the fabrication of critical FLIB components,with a particular emphasis on the integration of carbon materials.It explores strategies to optimize FLIB performance by fine-tuning the electrospinning para-meters,such as electric field strength,spinning rate,solution concentration,and carbonization process.Precise control over fiber properties is crucial for enhancing battery reliability and stability during folding and bending.It also highlights the latest research findings in carbon-based electrode materials,high-performance electrolytes,and separator structures,discussing the practical challenges and opportunities these materials present.It underscores the significant impact of carbon materials on the evolution of FLIBs and their potential to shape future energy storage technologies.展开更多
Photodetectors with weak-light detection capabilities play an indispensable role in various crucial fields such as health monitors,imaging,optical communication,and etc.Nevertheless,the detection of weak light signals...Photodetectors with weak-light detection capabilities play an indispensable role in various crucial fields such as health monitors,imaging,optical communication,and etc.Nevertheless,the detection of weak light signals is often severely interfered by multiple factors such as background light,dark noise and circuit noise,making it difficult to accurately capture signals.While traditional technologies like silicon photomultiplier tubes excel in sensitivity,their high cost and inherent fragility restrict their widespread application.Against this background,perovskite materials have rapidly emerged as a research focus in the field of photodetection due to their simple preparation processes and exceptional optoelectronic properties.Not only are the preparation processes of perovskite materials straightforward and cost-effective,but more importantly,they can be flexibly integrated into flexible and stretchable substrates.This characteristic significantly compensates for the shortcomings of traditional rigid electronic devices in specific application scenarios,opening up entirely new possibilities for photodetection technology.Herein,recent advances in perovskite light detection technology are reviewed.Firstly,the chemical and physical properties of perovskite materials are discussed,highlighting their remarkable advantages in weak-light detection.Subsequently,the review systematically organizes various preparation techniques of perovskite materials and analyses their advantages in different application scenarios.Meanwhile,from the two core dimensions of performance improvement and light absorption enhancement,the key strategies of improving the performance of perovskite weak-light photodetectors are explored.Finally,the review concludes with a brief summary and a discussion on the potential challenges that may arise in the further development of perovskite devices.展开更多
Improvements in aero-engine performance have made the structures of the aero-engine components increasingly complex.To better adapt to the processing requirements of narrow twisted channels such as an integral shroude...Improvements in aero-engine performance have made the structures of the aero-engine components increasingly complex.To better adapt to the processing requirements of narrow twisted channels such as an integral shrouded blisk,this study proposes an innovative method of electrochemical cutting in which a flexible tube electrode is controlled by online deformation during processing.In this study,the processing principle of electrochemical cutting with a flexible electrode for controlled online deformation(FECC)was revealed for the first time.The online deformation process of flexible electrodes and the machining process of profiles were analysed in depth,and the corresponding theoretical models were established.Conventional electrochemical machining(ECM)is a multi-physical field-coupled process involving electric and flow fields.In FECC,classical mechanics are introduced into the tool cathode,which must be loaded at all times during the machining process.Therefore,in this study,before and after the deformation of the flexible electrode,a corresponding simulation study was conducted to understand the influence of the online deformation of the flexible electrode on the flow and electric fields.The feasibility of flexible electrodes for online deformation and the validity of the theoretical model were verified by deformation measurements and in situ observation experiments.Finally,the method was successfully applied to the machining of nickel-based high-temperature alloys,and different specifications of flexible electrodes were used to complete the machining of the corresponding complex profiles,thereby verifying the feasibility and versatility of the method.The method proposed in this study breaks the tradition of using a non-deformable cathode for ECM and adopts a flexible electrode that can be deformed during the machining process as the tool cathode,which improves machining flexibility and provides a valuable reference to promote the ECM of complex profiles.展开更多
The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an over...The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an overwhelming tendency,providing powerful tools for remote health monitoring and personal health management.Among many candidates,two-dimensional(2D)materials stand out due to several exotic mechanical,electrical,optical,and chemical properties that can be efficiently integrated into atomic-thin films.While previous reviews on 2D materials for biodevices primarily focus on conventional configurations and materials like graphene,the rapid development of new 2D materials with exotic properties has opened up novel applications,particularly in smart interaction and integrated functionalities.This review aims to consolidate recent progress,highlight the unique advantages of 2D materials,and guide future research by discussing existing challenges and opportunities in applying 2D materials for smart wearable biodevices.We begin with an in-depth analysis of the advantages,sensing mechanisms,and potential applications of 2D materials in wearable biodevice fabrication.Following this,we systematically discuss state-of-the-art biodevices based on 2D materials for monitoring various physiological signals within the human body.Special attention is given to showcasing the integration of multi-functionality in 2D smart devices,mainly including self-power supply,integrated diagnosis/treatment,and human–machine interaction.Finally,the review concludes with a concise summary of existing challenges and prospective solutions concerning the utilization of2D materials for advanced biodevices.展开更多
An experimental analysis of the slug-induced vibration(SIV)of a flexible catenary riser with an aspect ratio of 130 is reported in this work.The vibration responses and internal slug flow details at different gas-liqu...An experimental analysis of the slug-induced vibration(SIV)of a flexible catenary riser with an aspect ratio of 130 is reported in this work.The vibration responses and internal slug flow details at different gas-liquid ratios(Q_(g)/Q_(l))and mixture velocities(vm)are non-intrusively and simultaneously captured by high-speed cameras.Both the in-plane and out-of-plane responses of the catenary riser are excited in all considered cases.The slug flow characteristics,including translational velocities,slug lengths,recurrence frequencies,and pressure variations,are analyzed and dis-cussed,as are the dynamic responses of the riser in terms of the amplitudes,space-varying frequency,and modal weight.The dominant modal response based on the root-mean-square amplitude profiles does not match that based on the dominant frequency.Three mode switching types are identified based on the RMS amplitude profiles and the dominant frequency.When vm is small,no mode switching(NMS)is observed in either the in-plane or out-of-plane responses.For mode switching I(MS I),the switching between the first and second modes in the in-plane response is induced by slug flow with different recurrence frequencies in cases of large Q_(g)/Q_(l).However,there is no mode switching in the out-of-plane response.The switching between the first and third modes for the in-plane response and the second and fourth modes for the out-of-plane response(MS II)occurs in cases of relatively high vm and low Q_(g)/Q_(l).展开更多
The development of electronic products and increased electronic waste have triggered a series of ecological problems on Earth.Meanwhile,amidst energy crises and the pursuit of carbon neutrality,the recycling of discar...The development of electronic products and increased electronic waste have triggered a series of ecological problems on Earth.Meanwhile,amidst energy crises and the pursuit of carbon neutrality,the recycling of discarded biomass has attracted the attention of many researchers.In recent years,the transformation of discarded biomass into value-added electronic products has emerged as a promising endeavor in the field of green and flexible electronics.In this review,the attempts and advancements in biomass conversion into flexible electronic materials and devices are systematically summarized.We focus on reviewing the research progress in biomass conversion into substrates,electrodes,and materials tailored for optical and thermal management.Furthermore,we explore component combinations suitable for applications in environmental monitoring and health management.Finally,we discuss the challenges in techniques and cost-effectiveness currently faced by biomass conversion into flexible electronic devices and propose improvement strategies.Drawing insights from both fundamental research and industrial applications,we offer prospects for future developments in this burgeoning field.展开更多
Deep-sea mineral resource transportation predominantly utilizes hydraulic pipeline methodology.Environmental factors induce vibrations in flexible pipelines,thereby affecting the internal flow characteristics.Therefor...Deep-sea mineral resource transportation predominantly utilizes hydraulic pipeline methodology.Environmental factors induce vibrations in flexible pipelines,thereby affecting the internal flow characteristics.Therefore,real-time monitoring of solid–liquid two-phase flow in pipelines is crucial for system maintenance.This study develops an autoencoder-based deep learning framework to reconstruct three-dimensional solid–liquid two-phase flow within flexible vibrating pipelines utilizing sparse wall information from sensors.Within this framework,separate X-model and F-model with distinct hidden-layer structures are established to reconstruct the coordinates and flow field information on the computational domain grid of the pipeline under traveling wave vibration.Following hyperparameter optimization,the models achieved high reconstruction accuracy,demonstrating R^(2)values of 0.990 and 0.945,respectively.The models’robustness is evaluated across three aspects:vibration parameters,physical fields,and vibration modes,demonstrating good reconstruction performance.Results concerning sensors show that 20 sensors(0.06%of total grids)achieve a balance between accuracy and cost,with superior accuracy obtained when arranged along the full length of the pipe compared to a dense arrangement at the front end.The models exhibited a signal-to-noise ratio tolerance of approximately 27 dB,with reconstruction accuracy being more affected by sensor failures at both ends of the pipeline.展开更多
This study examines the adaptive boundary control problem of flexible marine riser with internal flow coupling.The dynamic model of the flexible marine riser system with internal flow coupling is derived using the Ham...This study examines the adaptive boundary control problem of flexible marine riser with internal flow coupling.The dynamic model of the flexible marine riser system with internal flow coupling is derived using the Hamiltonian principle.An analysis of internal flow’s influence on the vibration characteristics of flexible marine risers is conducted.Then,for the uncertain environmental disturbance,the adaptive fuzzy logic system is introduced to dynamically approximate the boundary disturbance,and a robust adaptive fuzzy boundary control is proposed.The uniform boundedness of the closed-loop system is proved based on Lyapunov theory.The well-posedness of the closed-loop system is proved by operator semigroup theory.The proposed control’s effectiveness is validated through comparison with existing control methods.展开更多
Liquid leakage of pipeline networks not only results in considerableresource wastage but also leads to environmental pollution and ecological imbalance.In response to this global issue, a bioinspired superhydrophobic ...Liquid leakage of pipeline networks not only results in considerableresource wastage but also leads to environmental pollution and ecological imbalance.In response to this global issue, a bioinspired superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotubes/graphene nanosheets flexible strain sensor (TCGS) hasbeen developed using a combination of micro-extrusion compression molding andsurface modification for real-time wireless detection of liquid leakage. The TCGSutilizes the synergistic effects of Archimedean spiral crack arrays and micropores,which are inspired by the remarkable sensory capabilities of scorpions. This designachieves a sensitivity of 218.13 at a strain of 2%, which is an increase of 4300%. Additionally, it demonstrates exceptional durability bywithstanding over 5000 usage cycles. The robust superhydrophobicity of the TCGS significantly enhances sensitivity and stability indetecting small-scale liquid leakage, enabling precise monitoring of liquid leakage across a wide range of sizes, velocities, and compositionswhile issuing prompt alerts. This provides critical early warnings for both industrial pipelines and potential liquid leakage scenariosin everyday life. The development and utilization of bioinspired ultrasensitive flexible strain sensors offer an innovative and effectivesolution for the early wireless detection of liquid leakage.展开更多
Mitigating vortex-induced vibrations(VIV)in flexible risers represents a critical concern in offshore oil and gas production,considering its potential impact on operational safety and efficiency.The accurate predictio...Mitigating vortex-induced vibrations(VIV)in flexible risers represents a critical concern in offshore oil and gas production,considering its potential impact on operational safety and efficiency.The accurate prediction of displacement and position of VIV in flexible risers remains challenging under actual marine conditions.This study presents a data-driven model for riser displacement prediction that corresponds to field conditions.Experimental data analysis reveals that the XGBoost algorithm predicts the maximum displacement and position with superior accuracy compared with Support vector regression(SVR),considering both computational efficiency and precision.Platform displacement in the Y-direction demonstrates a significant positive correlation with both axial depth and maximum displacement magnitude.The fourth point displacement exhibits the highest contribution to model prediction outcomes,showing a positive influence on maximum displacement while negatively affecting the axial depth of maximum displacement.Platform displacement in the X-and Y-directions exhibits competitive effects on both the riser’s maximum displacement and its axial depth.Through the implementation of XGBoost algorithm and SHapley Additive exPlanation(SHAP)analysis,the model effectively estimates the riser’s maximum displacement and its precise location.This data-driven approach achieves predictions using minimal,readily available data points,enhancing its practical field applications and demonstrating clear relevance to academic and professional communities.展开更多
Due to advantages of high power-conversion efficiency(PCE), large power-to-weight ratio(PWR), low cost and solution processibility, flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent ...Due to advantages of high power-conversion efficiency(PCE), large power-to-weight ratio(PWR), low cost and solution processibility, flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. The PCE of f-PSCs has developed rapidly to over 25%, showing great application prospects in aerospace and wearable electronic devices. This review systematically sorts device structures and compositions of f-PSCs, summarizes various methods to improve its efficiency and stability recent years. In addition, the applications and potentials of f-PSCs in space vehicle and aircraft was discussed. At last, we prospect the key scientific and technological issues that need to be addressed for f-PSCs at current stage.展开更多
There is an urgent need for the application of broadband Microwave Absorption(MA)structures on the leading edges of aircraft wings,which requires the MA structures to possess both the broadband MA performance and grea...There is an urgent need for the application of broadband Microwave Absorption(MA)structures on the leading edges of aircraft wings,which requires the MA structures to possess both the broadband MA performance and great surface conformability.To meet these requirements,we designed and fabricated a flexible bioinspired meta-structure with ultra-broadband MA,thin thickness and excellent surface conformality.The carbonyl iron powder-carbon nanotubes-polydimethylsiloxane composite was synthesized by physical blending method for fabricating the MA meta-structure.Through geometry-electromagnetic optimal design by heuristic optimization algorithm,the meta-structure mimicking to the nipple photonic nanostructures on the eyes of moth can achieve ultra-broadband MA performance of 35.14 GHz MA bandwidth(reflection loss≤–10 dB),covering 4.86–40.00 GHz,with thickness of only 4.3 mm.Through simple fabrication processes,the meta-structure has been successfully fabricated and bonded on wings’leading edges,exhibiting excellent surface conformability.Furthermore,the designed flexible MA meta-structure possesses significant Radar Cross-Section(RCS)reduction capability,as demonstrated by the RCS analysis of an unmanned aerial vehicle.This flexible ultra-broadband MA meta-structure provides an outstanding candidate to meet the radar stealth requirement of variable curvature structures on aircraft.展开更多
This study presents a breakthrough in flexible strain sensor technology with the development of an ultrahigh sensitivity and wide-range sensor,addressing the critical challenge of reconciling sensitivity with measurem...This study presents a breakthrough in flexible strain sensor technology with the development of an ultrahigh sensitivity and wide-range sensor,addressing the critical challenge of reconciling sensitivity with measurement range.Inspired by the structure of bamboo slips,we introduce a novel approach that utilises liquid metal to modulate the electrical pathways within a cracked platinum fabric electrode.The resulting sensor demonstrates a gauge factor greater than 108 and a strain measurement capability exceeding 100%.The integration of patterned liquid metal enables customisable tuning of the sensor’s response,while the porous fabric structure ensures superior comfort and air permeability for the wearer.Our design not only optimises the sensor’s performance but also enhances the electrical stability that is essential for practical applications.Through systematic investigation,we reveal the intrinsic mechanisms governing the sensor’s response,offering valuable insights for the design of wearable strain sensors.The sensor’s exceptional performance across a spectrum of applications,from micro-strain to large-strain detection,highlights its potential for a wide range of real-world uses,demonstrating a significant advancement in the field of flexible electronics.展开更多
The carcass layer is the innermost structure of flexible marine risers and is responsible for resisting external pressure.It has an“S”section with a spiral interlocking feature.After the multi-pass roll forming of a...The carcass layer is the innermost structure of flexible marine risers and is responsible for resisting external pressure.It has an“S”section with a spiral interlocking feature.After the multi-pass roll forming of a flat steel strip,a carcass layer is formed by lock forming.During roll forming,the steel strip undergoes significant plastic deformation,and its local area accumulates residual stress owing to multiple loading and unloading cycles.These phenomena complicate the design and analysis of the carcass layer multi-pass roll forming(CLMRF)process and cause issues in the carcass layer during manufacturing,such as strip fracture and low forming quality.Thus,herein,CLMRF was investigated to clarify the stress distribution,and a parameter analysis was performed.First,the CLMRF process was designed on the basis of classical roll-forming design theory.Second,a finite element model was established,and CLMRF was simulated.Third,the distributions of the forming stress and residual stress of the strip during CLMRF were investigated.Finally,the influences of the strip thickness,roll gap,roll distance,and angular increment were investigated.The conclusions of this study can be used to provide technical guidance in the manufacturing of flexible risers.展开更多
Flexible wearable optoelectronic devices fabricated fromorganic–inorganic hybrid perovskites significantly accelerate the developmentof portable energy,biomedicine,and sensing fields,but their poor thermal stabilityh...Flexible wearable optoelectronic devices fabricated fromorganic–inorganic hybrid perovskites significantly accelerate the developmentof portable energy,biomedicine,and sensing fields,but their poor thermal stabilityhinders further applications.Conversely,all-inorganic perovskites possessexcellent thermal stability,but black-phase all-inorganic perovskite filmusually requires high-temperature annealing steps,which increases energy consumptionand is not conducive to the fabrication of flexible wearable devices.In this work,an unprecedented low-temperature fabrication of stable blackphaseCsPbI3perovskite films is demonstrated by the in situ hydrolysis reactionof diphenylphosphinic chloride additive.The released diphenyl phosphateand chloride ions during the hydrolysis reaction significantly lower the phasetransition temperature and effectively passivate the defects in the perovskitefilms,yielding high-performance photodetectors with a responsivity of 42.1 AW−1 and a detectivity of 1.3×10^(14)Jones.Furthermore,high-fidelity imageand photoplethysmography sensors are demonstrated based on the fabricated flexible wearable photodetectors.This work provides a newperspective for the low-temperature fabrication of large-area all-inorganic perovskite flexible optoelectronic devices.展开更多
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.52173028)。
文摘Since the first design of tactile sensors was proposed by Harmon in 1982,tactile sensors have evolved through four key phases:industrial applications(1980s,basic pressure detection),miniaturization via MEMS(1990s),flexible electronics(2010s,stretchable materials),and intelligent systems(2020s-present,AI-driven multimodal sensing).With the innovation of material,processing techniques,and multimodal fusion of stimuli,the application of tactile sensors has been continuously expanding to a diversity of areas,including but not limited to medical care,aerospace,sports and intelligent robots.Currently,researchers are dedicated to develop tactile sensors with emerging mechanisms and structures,pursuing high-sensitivity,high-resolution,and multimodal characteristics and further constructing tactile systems which imitate and approach the performance of human organs.However,challenges in the combination between the theoretical research and the practical applications are still significant.There is a lack of comprehensive understanding in the state of the art of such knowledge transferring from academic work to technical products.Scaled-up production of laboratory materials faces fatal challenges like high costs,small scale,and inconsistent quality.Ambient factors,such as temperature,humidity,and electromagnetic interference,also impair signal reliability.Moreover,tactile sensors must operate across a wide pressure range(0.1 k Pa to several or even dozens of MPa)to meet diverse application needs.Meanwhile,the existing algorithms,data models and sensing systems commonly reveal insufficient precision as well as undesired robustness in data processing,and there is a realistic gap between the designed and the demanded system response speed.In this review,oriented by the design requirements of intelligent tactile sensing systems,we summarize the common sensing mechanisms,inspired structures,key performance,and optimizing strategies,followed by a brief overview of the recent advances in the perspectives of system integration and algorithm implementation,and the possible roadmap of future development of tactile sensors,providing a forward-looking as well as critical discussions in the future industrial applications of flexible tactile sensors.
基金supported by the NSFC(12474071)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2024YQ051)+5 种基金Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits(SKLJC-K2024-12)the Shanghai Sailing Program(23YF1402200,23YF1402400)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20240424)Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province(tsqn202408006)Young Talent of Lifting engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong,China(SDAST2024QTB002)the Qilu Young Scholar Program of Shandong University.
文摘The advancement of flexible memristors has significantly promoted the development of wearable electronic for emerging neuromorphic computing applications.Inspired by in-memory computing architecture of human brain,flexible memristors exhibit great application potential in emulating artificial synapses for highefficiency and low power consumption neuromorphic computing.This paper provides comprehensive overview of flexible memristors from perspectives of development history,material system,device structure,mechanical deformation method,device performance analysis,stress simulation during deformation,and neuromorphic computing applications.The recent advances in flexible electronics are summarized,including single device,device array and integration.The challenges and future perspectives of flexible memristor for neuromorphic computing are discussed deeply,paving the way for constructing wearable smart electronics and applications in large-scale neuromorphic computing and high-order intelligent robotics.
基金Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN(b-on)the Strategic Research Plan of the Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering(CENTEC),which is financed by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia-FCT)under contract UIDB/UIDP/00134/2020.
文摘An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduced wave equation.The theoretical solutions for the heave radiating potential to the assigned physical model in the corresponding zones are attained by using the separation of variables approach along with the Fourier expansion.Applying the matching eigenfunction expansion technique and orthogonal conditions,the unknown coefficients that are involved in the radiated potentials are determined.The attained radiation potential allows the computation of hydrodynamic coefficients of the heaving buoy,Power Take-Off damping,and wave quantities.The accuracy of the analytical solution for the hydrodynamic coefficients is demonstrated for different oblique angles with varying numbers of terms in the series solution.The current analytical analysis findings are confirmed by existing published numerical boundary element method simulations.Several numerical results of the hydrodynamic coefficients,power capture,power take-off optimal damping,and transmission coefficients for numerous structural and physical aspects are conducted.It has been noted that the ideal power take-off damping increases as the angle of incidence rises,and the analysis suggests that the ability to capture waves is more effective in shallower waters compared to deeper ones.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan of China(Grant No.2023YFB3210400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62174101)+2 种基金the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province(2021CXGC010603)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(2020QNQT001)Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong,Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong,the Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao-Original exploration project(No.24-4-4-zrjj-139-jch).
文摘Flexible electronics are transforming our lives by making daily activities more convenient.Central to this innovation are field-effect transistors(FETs),valued for their efficient signal processing,nanoscale fabrication,low-power consumption,fast response times,and versatility.Graphene,known for its exceptional mechanical properties,high electron mobility,and biocompatibility,is an ideal material for FET channels and sensors.The combination of graphene and FETs has given rise to flexible graphene field-effect transistors(FGFETs),driving significant advances in flexible electronics and sparked a strong interest in flexible biomedical sensors.Here,we first provide a brief overview of the basic structure,operating mechanism,and evaluation parameters of FGFETs,and delve into their material selection and patterning techniques.The ability of FGFETs to sense strains and biomolecular charges opens up diverse application possibilities.We specifically analyze the latest strategies for integrating FGFETs into wearable and implantable flexible biomedical sensors,focusing on the key aspects of constructing high-quality flexible biomedical sensors.Finally,we discuss the current challenges and prospects of FGFETs and their applications in biomedical sensors.This review will provide valuable insights and inspiration for ongoing research to improve the quality of FGFETs and broaden their application prospects in flexible biomedical sensing.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52475580)the Special Foundation of the Taishan Scholar Project(tsqn202211077,tsqn202311077)+3 种基金Shandong Provincial Excellent Overseas Young Scholar Foundation(2023HWYQ-069)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2023ME118,ZR2023QF080)the Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao City(23-2-1-219-zyyd-jch,23-2-1-111-zyyd-jch)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(23CX06032A).
文摘The complex wiring,bulky data collection devices,and difficulty in fast and on-site data interpretation significantly limit the practical application of flexible strain sensors as wearable devices.To tackle these challenges,this work develops an artificial intelligenceassisted,wireless,flexible,and wearable mechanoluminescent strain sensor system(AIFWMLS)by integration of deep learning neural network-based color data processing system(CDPS)with a sandwich-structured flexible mechanoluminescent sensor(SFLC)film.The SFLC film shows remarkable and robust mechanoluminescent performance with a simple structure for easy fabrication.The CDPS system can rapidly and accurately extract and interpret the color of the SFLC film to strain values with auto-correction of errors caused by the varying color temperature,which significantly improves the accuracy of the predicted strain.A smart glove mechanoluminescent sensor system demonstrates the great potential of the AIFWMLS system in human gesture recognition.Moreover,the versatile SFLC film can also serve as a encryption device.The integration of deep learning neural network-based artificial intelligence and SFLC film provides a promising strategy to break the“color to strain value”bottleneck that hinders the practical application of flexible colorimetric strain sensors,which could promote the development of wearable and flexible strain sensors from laboratory research to consumer markets.
文摘Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIBs,which are foldable and have high energy densities,are be-coming increasingly important as power sources for wear-able devices,flexible electronics,and mobile energy applica-tions.Carbon materials,especially carbon nanofibers,are pivotal in improving the performance of FLIBs by increas-ing electrical conductivity,chemical stability,and surface area,as well as reducing costs.These materials also play a significant role in establishing conducting networks and im-proving structural integrity,which are essential for extend-ing the cycle life and enhancing the safety of the batteries.This review considers the role of electrospinning in the fabrication of critical FLIB components,with a particular emphasis on the integration of carbon materials.It explores strategies to optimize FLIB performance by fine-tuning the electrospinning para-meters,such as electric field strength,spinning rate,solution concentration,and carbonization process.Precise control over fiber properties is crucial for enhancing battery reliability and stability during folding and bending.It also highlights the latest research findings in carbon-based electrode materials,high-performance electrolytes,and separator structures,discussing the practical challenges and opportunities these materials present.It underscores the significant impact of carbon materials on the evolution of FLIBs and their potential to shape future energy storage technologies.
文摘Photodetectors with weak-light detection capabilities play an indispensable role in various crucial fields such as health monitors,imaging,optical communication,and etc.Nevertheless,the detection of weak light signals is often severely interfered by multiple factors such as background light,dark noise and circuit noise,making it difficult to accurately capture signals.While traditional technologies like silicon photomultiplier tubes excel in sensitivity,their high cost and inherent fragility restrict their widespread application.Against this background,perovskite materials have rapidly emerged as a research focus in the field of photodetection due to their simple preparation processes and exceptional optoelectronic properties.Not only are the preparation processes of perovskite materials straightforward and cost-effective,but more importantly,they can be flexibly integrated into flexible and stretchable substrates.This characteristic significantly compensates for the shortcomings of traditional rigid electronic devices in specific application scenarios,opening up entirely new possibilities for photodetection technology.Herein,recent advances in perovskite light detection technology are reviewed.Firstly,the chemical and physical properties of perovskite materials are discussed,highlighting their remarkable advantages in weak-light detection.Subsequently,the review systematically organizes various preparation techniques of perovskite materials and analyses their advantages in different application scenarios.Meanwhile,from the two core dimensions of performance improvement and light absorption enhancement,the key strategies of improving the performance of perovskite weak-light photodetectors are explored.Finally,the review concludes with a brief summary and a discussion on the potential challenges that may arise in the further development of perovskite devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52375443)the Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51921003).
文摘Improvements in aero-engine performance have made the structures of the aero-engine components increasingly complex.To better adapt to the processing requirements of narrow twisted channels such as an integral shrouded blisk,this study proposes an innovative method of electrochemical cutting in which a flexible tube electrode is controlled by online deformation during processing.In this study,the processing principle of electrochemical cutting with a flexible electrode for controlled online deformation(FECC)was revealed for the first time.The online deformation process of flexible electrodes and the machining process of profiles were analysed in depth,and the corresponding theoretical models were established.Conventional electrochemical machining(ECM)is a multi-physical field-coupled process involving electric and flow fields.In FECC,classical mechanics are introduced into the tool cathode,which must be loaded at all times during the machining process.Therefore,in this study,before and after the deformation of the flexible electrode,a corresponding simulation study was conducted to understand the influence of the online deformation of the flexible electrode on the flow and electric fields.The feasibility of flexible electrodes for online deformation and the validity of the theoretical model were verified by deformation measurements and in situ observation experiments.Finally,the method was successfully applied to the machining of nickel-based high-temperature alloys,and different specifications of flexible electrodes were used to complete the machining of the corresponding complex profiles,thereby verifying the feasibility and versatility of the method.The method proposed in this study breaks the tradition of using a non-deformable cathode for ECM and adopts a flexible electrode that can be deformed during the machining process as the tool cathode,which improves machining flexibility and provides a valuable reference to promote the ECM of complex profiles.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272004,62272041)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YWF-22-L-1256)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3402600)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars(No.1870011182126)。
文摘The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an overwhelming tendency,providing powerful tools for remote health monitoring and personal health management.Among many candidates,two-dimensional(2D)materials stand out due to several exotic mechanical,electrical,optical,and chemical properties that can be efficiently integrated into atomic-thin films.While previous reviews on 2D materials for biodevices primarily focus on conventional configurations and materials like graphene,the rapid development of new 2D materials with exotic properties has opened up novel applications,particularly in smart interaction and integrated functionalities.This review aims to consolidate recent progress,highlight the unique advantages of 2D materials,and guide future research by discussing existing challenges and opportunities in applying 2D materials for smart wearable biodevices.We begin with an in-depth analysis of the advantages,sensing mechanisms,and potential applications of 2D materials in wearable biodevice fabrication.Following this,we systematically discuss state-of-the-art biodevices based on 2D materials for monitoring various physiological signals within the human body.Special attention is given to showcasing the integration of multi-functionality in 2D smart devices,mainly including self-power supply,integrated diagnosis/treatment,and human–machine interaction.Finally,the review concludes with a concise summary of existing challenges and prospective solutions concerning the utilization of2D materials for advanced biodevices.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52301338)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2024NSFSC0968).
文摘An experimental analysis of the slug-induced vibration(SIV)of a flexible catenary riser with an aspect ratio of 130 is reported in this work.The vibration responses and internal slug flow details at different gas-liquid ratios(Q_(g)/Q_(l))and mixture velocities(vm)are non-intrusively and simultaneously captured by high-speed cameras.Both the in-plane and out-of-plane responses of the catenary riser are excited in all considered cases.The slug flow characteristics,including translational velocities,slug lengths,recurrence frequencies,and pressure variations,are analyzed and dis-cussed,as are the dynamic responses of the riser in terms of the amplitudes,space-varying frequency,and modal weight.The dominant modal response based on the root-mean-square amplitude profiles does not match that based on the dominant frequency.Three mode switching types are identified based on the RMS amplitude profiles and the dominant frequency.When vm is small,no mode switching(NMS)is observed in either the in-plane or out-of-plane responses.For mode switching I(MS I),the switching between the first and second modes in the in-plane response is induced by slug flow with different recurrence frequencies in cases of large Q_(g)/Q_(l).However,there is no mode switching in the out-of-plane response.The switching between the first and third modes for the in-plane response and the second and fourth modes for the out-of-plane response(MS II)occurs in cases of relatively high vm and low Q_(g)/Q_(l).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0901700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278241)+1 种基金a grant from the Institute Guo Qiang,Tsinghua University(2021GQG1016)Department of Chemical Engineering-iBHE Joint Cooperation Fund。
文摘The development of electronic products and increased electronic waste have triggered a series of ecological problems on Earth.Meanwhile,amidst energy crises and the pursuit of carbon neutrality,the recycling of discarded biomass has attracted the attention of many researchers.In recent years,the transformation of discarded biomass into value-added electronic products has emerged as a promising endeavor in the field of green and flexible electronics.In this review,the attempts and advancements in biomass conversion into flexible electronic materials and devices are systematically summarized.We focus on reviewing the research progress in biomass conversion into substrates,electrodes,and materials tailored for optical and thermal management.Furthermore,we explore component combinations suitable for applications in environmental monitoring and health management.Finally,we discuss the challenges in techniques and cost-effectiveness currently faced by biomass conversion into flexible electronic devices and propose improvement strategies.Drawing insights from both fundamental research and industrial applications,we offer prospects for future developments in this burgeoning field.
基金financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52471293 and 12372270)the National Youth Science Foundation of China (Nos.52101322 and 52108375)+3 种基金the Program for Intergovernmental International S&T Cooperation Projects of Shanghai Municipality, China (Nos.24510711100 and 22160710200)The Oceanic Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (No.SL2022PT101)funded by the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering of Dalian University of Technology (No.LP2415)National Key R&D Program of China (No.2023YFC2811600)
文摘Deep-sea mineral resource transportation predominantly utilizes hydraulic pipeline methodology.Environmental factors induce vibrations in flexible pipelines,thereby affecting the internal flow characteristics.Therefore,real-time monitoring of solid–liquid two-phase flow in pipelines is crucial for system maintenance.This study develops an autoencoder-based deep learning framework to reconstruct three-dimensional solid–liquid two-phase flow within flexible vibrating pipelines utilizing sparse wall information from sensors.Within this framework,separate X-model and F-model with distinct hidden-layer structures are established to reconstruct the coordinates and flow field information on the computational domain grid of the pipeline under traveling wave vibration.Following hyperparameter optimization,the models achieved high reconstruction accuracy,demonstrating R^(2)values of 0.990 and 0.945,respectively.The models’robustness is evaluated across three aspects:vibration parameters,physical fields,and vibration modes,demonstrating good reconstruction performance.Results concerning sensors show that 20 sensors(0.06%of total grids)achieve a balance between accuracy and cost,with superior accuracy obtained when arranged along the full length of the pipe compared to a dense arrangement at the front end.The models exhibited a signal-to-noise ratio tolerance of approximately 27 dB,with reconstruction accuracy being more affected by sensor failures at both ends of the pipeline.
基金financially supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2023NSFSC1980).
文摘This study examines the adaptive boundary control problem of flexible marine riser with internal flow coupling.The dynamic model of the flexible marine riser system with internal flow coupling is derived using the Hamiltonian principle.An analysis of internal flow’s influence on the vibration characteristics of flexible marine risers is conducted.Then,for the uncertain environmental disturbance,the adaptive fuzzy logic system is introduced to dynamically approximate the boundary disturbance,and a robust adaptive fuzzy boundary control is proposed.The uniform boundedness of the closed-loop system is proved based on Lyapunov theory.The well-posedness of the closed-loop system is proved by operator semigroup theory.The proposed control’s effectiveness is validated through comparison with existing control methods.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52203037,52103031,and 52073107)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(Grant No.2022CFB649)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3901902).
文摘Liquid leakage of pipeline networks not only results in considerableresource wastage but also leads to environmental pollution and ecological imbalance.In response to this global issue, a bioinspired superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotubes/graphene nanosheets flexible strain sensor (TCGS) hasbeen developed using a combination of micro-extrusion compression molding andsurface modification for real-time wireless detection of liquid leakage. The TCGSutilizes the synergistic effects of Archimedean spiral crack arrays and micropores,which are inspired by the remarkable sensory capabilities of scorpions. This designachieves a sensitivity of 218.13 at a strain of 2%, which is an increase of 4300%. Additionally, it demonstrates exceptional durability bywithstanding over 5000 usage cycles. The robust superhydrophobicity of the TCGS significantly enhances sensitivity and stability indetecting small-scale liquid leakage, enabling precise monitoring of liquid leakage across a wide range of sizes, velocities, and compositionswhile issuing prompt alerts. This provides critical early warnings for both industrial pipelines and potential liquid leakage scenariosin everyday life. The development and utilization of bioinspired ultrasensitive flexible strain sensors offer an innovative and effectivesolution for the early wireless detection of liquid leakage.
基金The research work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51979238 and 52301338)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant Nos.2023NSFSC1953 and 2023ZYD0140).
文摘Mitigating vortex-induced vibrations(VIV)in flexible risers represents a critical concern in offshore oil and gas production,considering its potential impact on operational safety and efficiency.The accurate prediction of displacement and position of VIV in flexible risers remains challenging under actual marine conditions.This study presents a data-driven model for riser displacement prediction that corresponds to field conditions.Experimental data analysis reveals that the XGBoost algorithm predicts the maximum displacement and position with superior accuracy compared with Support vector regression(SVR),considering both computational efficiency and precision.Platform displacement in the Y-direction demonstrates a significant positive correlation with both axial depth and maximum displacement magnitude.The fourth point displacement exhibits the highest contribution to model prediction outcomes,showing a positive influence on maximum displacement while negatively affecting the axial depth of maximum displacement.Platform displacement in the X-and Y-directions exhibits competitive effects on both the riser’s maximum displacement and its axial depth.Through the implementation of XGBoost algorithm and SHapley Additive exPlanation(SHAP)analysis,the model effectively estimates the riser’s maximum displacement and its precise location.This data-driven approach achieves predictions using minimal,readily available data points,enhancing its practical field applications and demonstrating clear relevance to academic and professional communities.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62204104, 42005138, 12274190, 12274189, 62275115)Shandong Province High Education Youth Innovation Team Program (Grant No. 2023KJ210)Science and Technology Program of Yantai (Grant No. 2023JCYJ047)。
文摘Due to advantages of high power-conversion efficiency(PCE), large power-to-weight ratio(PWR), low cost and solution processibility, flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. The PCE of f-PSCs has developed rapidly to over 25%, showing great application prospects in aerospace and wearable electronic devices. This review systematically sorts device structures and compositions of f-PSCs, summarizes various methods to improve its efficiency and stability recent years. In addition, the applications and potentials of f-PSCs in space vehicle and aircraft was discussed. At last, we prospect the key scientific and technological issues that need to be addressed for f-PSCs at current stage.
基金supported by the Basic Research Development Program of China(No.JCKY2021607B036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52275512).
文摘There is an urgent need for the application of broadband Microwave Absorption(MA)structures on the leading edges of aircraft wings,which requires the MA structures to possess both the broadband MA performance and great surface conformability.To meet these requirements,we designed and fabricated a flexible bioinspired meta-structure with ultra-broadband MA,thin thickness and excellent surface conformality.The carbonyl iron powder-carbon nanotubes-polydimethylsiloxane composite was synthesized by physical blending method for fabricating the MA meta-structure.Through geometry-electromagnetic optimal design by heuristic optimization algorithm,the meta-structure mimicking to the nipple photonic nanostructures on the eyes of moth can achieve ultra-broadband MA performance of 35.14 GHz MA bandwidth(reflection loss≤–10 dB),covering 4.86–40.00 GHz,with thickness of only 4.3 mm.Through simple fabrication processes,the meta-structure has been successfully fabricated and bonded on wings’leading edges,exhibiting excellent surface conformability.Furthermore,the designed flexible MA meta-structure possesses significant Radar Cross-Section(RCS)reduction capability,as demonstrated by the RCS analysis of an unmanned aerial vehicle.This flexible ultra-broadband MA meta-structure provides an outstanding candidate to meet the radar stealth requirement of variable curvature structures on aircraft.
基金support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB3200700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.0214100221,51925503).
文摘This study presents a breakthrough in flexible strain sensor technology with the development of an ultrahigh sensitivity and wide-range sensor,addressing the critical challenge of reconciling sensitivity with measurement range.Inspired by the structure of bamboo slips,we introduce a novel approach that utilises liquid metal to modulate the electrical pathways within a cracked platinum fabric electrode.The resulting sensor demonstrates a gauge factor greater than 108 and a strain measurement capability exceeding 100%.The integration of patterned liquid metal enables customisable tuning of the sensor’s response,while the porous fabric structure ensures superior comfort and air permeability for the wearer.Our design not only optimises the sensor’s performance but also enhances the electrical stability that is essential for practical applications.Through systematic investigation,we reveal the intrinsic mechanisms governing the sensor’s response,offering valuable insights for the design of wearable strain sensors.The sensor’s exceptional performance across a spectrum of applications,from micro-strain to large-strain detection,highlights its potential for a wide range of real-world uses,demonstrating a significant advancement in the field of flexible electronics.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1906233 and 52201312)Dalian High-Level Talent Innovation Program(Grant No.2021RD16)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(Grant No.2023-BSBA-052).
文摘The carcass layer is the innermost structure of flexible marine risers and is responsible for resisting external pressure.It has an“S”section with a spiral interlocking feature.After the multi-pass roll forming of a flat steel strip,a carcass layer is formed by lock forming.During roll forming,the steel strip undergoes significant plastic deformation,and its local area accumulates residual stress owing to multiple loading and unloading cycles.These phenomena complicate the design and analysis of the carcass layer multi-pass roll forming(CLMRF)process and cause issues in the carcass layer during manufacturing,such as strip fracture and low forming quality.Thus,herein,CLMRF was investigated to clarify the stress distribution,and a parameter analysis was performed.First,the CLMRF process was designed on the basis of classical roll-forming design theory.Second,a finite element model was established,and CLMRF was simulated.Third,the distributions of the forming stress and residual stress of the strip during CLMRF were investigated.Finally,the influences of the strip thickness,roll gap,roll distance,and angular increment were investigated.The conclusions of this study can be used to provide technical guidance in the manufacturing of flexible risers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52303257,52321006,T2394480,and T2394484)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFE0111500)+3 种基金Key Research&Development and Promotion of Special Project(Scientific Problem Tackling)of Henan Province(242102211090)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023TQ0300,and 2023M743171)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program(Grade B)of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZB20230666)College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Zhengzhou University(202410459200)。
文摘Flexible wearable optoelectronic devices fabricated fromorganic–inorganic hybrid perovskites significantly accelerate the developmentof portable energy,biomedicine,and sensing fields,but their poor thermal stabilityhinders further applications.Conversely,all-inorganic perovskites possessexcellent thermal stability,but black-phase all-inorganic perovskite filmusually requires high-temperature annealing steps,which increases energy consumptionand is not conducive to the fabrication of flexible wearable devices.In this work,an unprecedented low-temperature fabrication of stable blackphaseCsPbI3perovskite films is demonstrated by the in situ hydrolysis reactionof diphenylphosphinic chloride additive.The released diphenyl phosphateand chloride ions during the hydrolysis reaction significantly lower the phasetransition temperature and effectively passivate the defects in the perovskitefilms,yielding high-performance photodetectors with a responsivity of 42.1 AW−1 and a detectivity of 1.3×10^(14)Jones.Furthermore,high-fidelity imageand photoplethysmography sensors are demonstrated based on the fabricated flexible wearable photodetectors.This work provides a newperspective for the low-temperature fabrication of large-area all-inorganic perovskite flexible optoelectronic devices.
