Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells(MS-SOFCs)have recently gained significant attention as an advanced SOFC technology,owing to their excellent mechanical robustness,ease of handling,and high manufacturability.The ...Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells(MS-SOFCs)have recently gained significant attention as an advanced SOFC technology,owing to their excellent mechanical robustness,ease of handling,and high manufacturability.The use of metal substrates enables improved durability under thermal and redox cycling,and allows for thinner electrolyte layers,contributing to enhanced performance.However,their fabrication typically requires high-temperature sintering to ensure adequate material properties and adhesion,as most SOFC components are ceramic.These high-temperature processes can lead to undesirable effects,including metal support oxidation,chemical side reactions,and accelerated particle growth,which degrade cell performance.This study introduces an ultra-fast sintering approach for MS-SOFC fabrication by directly integrating stainless-steel metal supports with nickel-yttria-stabilized zirconia(Ni-YSZ)composite anode active layers.The application of flash light sintering-an innovative ultra-fast technique-effectively suppressed Ni catalyst particle growth,expanding the electrochemical reaction area while minimizing material diffusion between the metal support and anode layer.As a result,the fabricated cells achieved a stable open-circuit voltage(OCV)exceeding 1 V at 650℃ and a peak power density of 412 mW/cm^(2),representing an approximately 426.3% performance improvement over conventionally sintered cells.This research presents a transformative strategy for SOFC manufacturing,addressing the challenges of conventional long-duration heat treatments and demonstrating significant potential for advancing energy conversion technologies.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the effects of green flickering light on refractive development and expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor（mAChR） M1 in the eyes of guinea pigs.METHODS： Thirty guinea pigs（15-20 days ...AIM： To investigate the effects of green flickering light on refractive development and expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor（mAChR） M1 in the eyes of guinea pigs.METHODS： Thirty guinea pigs（15-20 days old） were randomly divided into three groups（n=10/group）. Animals in group I were raised in a completely closed carton with green flickering light illumination. Those in group II were kept in the open top closed carton under normal natural light. Guinea pigs were raised in a sight-widen cage under normal natural light in group III. The refractive status and axial length were measured before and after 8 weeks＇ illumination. Moreover, total RNA extracted from retinal, choroidal, and scleral tissues were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）. The expressions of the receptor M1 were also explored in the retina, choroid, and sclera using immunohistochemistry.RESULTS： There was a remarkable reduction in refractive error and increase in axial length after 8-weeks＇ green flickering light stimulation（P〈0.001）. The expression of M1 receptor mRNA in sclera and retina in myopia group were remarkably lower than that in group II and III（P〈0.01）. Significant reduced expression of M1 receptor stimulated by green flickering light in retina and sclera tissues were also observed（P〈0.05）. However, there was no M1 receptor expression in choroid in 3 groups.CONCLUSION： Myopia can be induced by 8 weeks＇ green flickering light exposure in the animal model. M1 receptor may be involved causally or protectively in myopia development.展开更多
In order to obtain the elemental compositions of the projectile and target materials during 2A12 aluminum projectile shot on a natural dolomite plate, three kinds of experiments have been conducted using a spectral ac...In order to obtain the elemental compositions of the projectile and target materials during 2A12 aluminum projectile shot on a natural dolomite plate, three kinds of experiments have been conducted using a spectral acquirement system established on a two-stage light gas gun for impact velocities ranging from 2.20 km/s to 4.20 km/s, at the same projectile incidence angle of 30°. Experimental results show that the elemental compositions of the projectile and target materials in the strong shock experiments have a good agreement with the original elemental compositions of the projectile and target. In addition, the relations between spectral radiant intensity and elemental compositions of the projectile and target materials have been obtained for different impact velocities, in which the spectral radiant intensity of the main elements in the material increases with increasing impact velocity, and more elements appear with increasing impact velocity since more energy would result from a higher velocity impact.展开更多
Graphene oxide and silver nanowires were bar coated onto polyethylene terephthalate （PET） substrates and then welded using an ultraviolet （UV）-assisted flash light irradiation process to achieve both high electric...Graphene oxide and silver nanowires were bar coated onto polyethylene terephthalate （PET） substrates and then welded using an ultraviolet （UV）-assisted flash light irradiation process to achieve both high electrical conductivity and low haze. The irradiation process connected adjacent silver nanowires by welding, while simultaneously reducing the graphene oxide to graphene. This process was performed using a custom W-assisted flash light welding system at room temperature under ambient conditions and was extremely rapid, with processing time of several milliseconds. The effects of varying the weight fractions of the silver nanowires and graphene oxide and of varying the W-assisted flash light welding conditions （light energy and pulse duration） were investigated. The surface morphologies of the welded silver nanowire/graphene films were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Optical characterizations, including transmittance and haze measurements, were also conducted using a spectrophotometer. To test their resistance to oxidation, the welded silver nanowire/graphene films were subjected to high temperature in a furnace （100 ℃）, and their sheet resistances were measured every hour. The flash light welding process was found to yield silver nanowire/graphene films with high oxidation resistance, high conductivity （14.35 Ω·sq-1）, high transmittance （93.46%）, and low haze （0.9%）. This material showed uniform temperature distribution when applied as a resistive heating film.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(RS-2024-00395914)the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy,Republic of Korea(20213030030040 and 20212020800090).
文摘Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells(MS-SOFCs)have recently gained significant attention as an advanced SOFC technology,owing to their excellent mechanical robustness,ease of handling,and high manufacturability.The use of metal substrates enables improved durability under thermal and redox cycling,and allows for thinner electrolyte layers,contributing to enhanced performance.However,their fabrication typically requires high-temperature sintering to ensure adequate material properties and adhesion,as most SOFC components are ceramic.These high-temperature processes can lead to undesirable effects,including metal support oxidation,chemical side reactions,and accelerated particle growth,which degrade cell performance.This study introduces an ultra-fast sintering approach for MS-SOFC fabrication by directly integrating stainless-steel metal supports with nickel-yttria-stabilized zirconia(Ni-YSZ)composite anode active layers.The application of flash light sintering-an innovative ultra-fast technique-effectively suppressed Ni catalyst particle growth,expanding the electrochemical reaction area while minimizing material diffusion between the metal support and anode layer.As a result,the fabricated cells achieved a stable open-circuit voltage(OCV)exceeding 1 V at 650℃ and a peak power density of 412 mW/cm^(2),representing an approximately 426.3% performance improvement over conventionally sintered cells.This research presents a transformative strategy for SOFC manufacturing,addressing the challenges of conventional long-duration heat treatments and demonstrating significant potential for advancing energy conversion technologies.
基金Supported by Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (No.201805049)
文摘AIM： To investigate the effects of green flickering light on refractive development and expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor（mAChR） M1 in the eyes of guinea pigs.METHODS： Thirty guinea pigs（15-20 days old） were randomly divided into three groups（n=10/group）. Animals in group I were raised in a completely closed carton with green flickering light illumination. Those in group II were kept in the open top closed carton under normal natural light. Guinea pigs were raised in a sight-widen cage under normal natural light in group III. The refractive status and axial length were measured before and after 8 weeks＇ illumination. Moreover, total RNA extracted from retinal, choroidal, and scleral tissues were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）. The expressions of the receptor M1 were also explored in the retina, choroid, and sclera using immunohistochemistry.RESULTS： There was a remarkable reduction in refractive error and increase in axial length after 8-weeks＇ green flickering light stimulation（P〈0.001）. The expression of M1 receptor mRNA in sclera and retina in myopia group were remarkably lower than that in group II and III（P〈0.01）. Significant reduced expression of M1 receptor stimulated by green flickering light in retina and sclera tissues were also observed（P〈0.05）. However, there was no M1 receptor expression in choroid in 3 groups.CONCLUSION： Myopia can be induced by 8 weeks＇ green flickering light exposure in the animal model. M1 receptor may be involved causally or protectively in myopia development.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11272218,11472178)State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(No.11032003)Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University of China(No.LR2013008)
文摘In order to obtain the elemental compositions of the projectile and target materials during 2A12 aluminum projectile shot on a natural dolomite plate, three kinds of experiments have been conducted using a spectral acquirement system established on a two-stage light gas gun for impact velocities ranging from 2.20 km/s to 4.20 km/s, at the same projectile incidence angle of 30°. Experimental results show that the elemental compositions of the projectile and target materials in the strong shock experiments have a good agreement with the original elemental compositions of the projectile and target. In addition, the relations between spectral radiant intensity and elemental compositions of the projectile and target materials have been obtained for different impact velocities, in which the spectral radiant intensity of the main elements in the material increases with increasing impact velocity, and more elements appear with increasing impact velocity since more energy would result from a higher velocity impact.
文摘Graphene oxide and silver nanowires were bar coated onto polyethylene terephthalate （PET） substrates and then welded using an ultraviolet （UV）-assisted flash light irradiation process to achieve both high electrical conductivity and low haze. The irradiation process connected adjacent silver nanowires by welding, while simultaneously reducing the graphene oxide to graphene. This process was performed using a custom W-assisted flash light welding system at room temperature under ambient conditions and was extremely rapid, with processing time of several milliseconds. The effects of varying the weight fractions of the silver nanowires and graphene oxide and of varying the W-assisted flash light welding conditions （light energy and pulse duration） were investigated. The surface morphologies of the welded silver nanowire/graphene films were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Optical characterizations, including transmittance and haze measurements, were also conducted using a spectrophotometer. To test their resistance to oxidation, the welded silver nanowire/graphene films were subjected to high temperature in a furnace （100 ℃）, and their sheet resistances were measured every hour. The flash light welding process was found to yield silver nanowire/graphene films with high oxidation resistance, high conductivity （14.35 Ω·sq-1）, high transmittance （93.46%）, and low haze （0.9%）. This material showed uniform temperature distribution when applied as a resistive heating film.
