We investigate a(2 + 1)-dimensional shallow water wave equation and describe its nonlinear dynamical behaviors in physics. Based on the N-soliton solutions, the higher-order fissionable and fusionable waves, fissionab...We investigate a(2 + 1)-dimensional shallow water wave equation and describe its nonlinear dynamical behaviors in physics. Based on the N-soliton solutions, the higher-order fissionable and fusionable waves, fissionable or fusionable waves mixed with soliton molecular and breather waves can be obtained by various constraints of special parameters. At the same time, by the long wave limit method, the interaction waves between fissionable or fusionable waves with higher-order lumps are acquired. Combined with the dynamic figures of the waves, the properties of the solution are deeply studied to reveal the physical significance of the waves.展开更多
The energy correlations of prompt fission neutrons have not yet been considered in the related coincidence and multiplication measurement techniques.To measure and verify the energy correlations,an experiment was perf...The energy correlations of prompt fission neutrons have not yet been considered in the related coincidence and multiplication measurement techniques.To measure and verify the energy correlations,an experiment was performed with a total measurement duration of approximately 1200 h.In the experiment,eight CLYC detectors and sixteen EJ309 liquid scintillation detectors were utilized,and the fission moment was tagged with the measured fissionγ-rays.The relative ratios of the energy spectra of the neutrons correlated with different energy neutrons to the^(252)Cf fission neutron energy spectra were obtained.The present results may be helpful for studying fission physics and nuclear technology applications.展开更多
Research on neutron-induced fission product yields of^(232)Th is crucial for understanding the competition between symmetric and asymmetric fission in actinide nuclei.However,obtaining complete isotopic yield distribu...Research on neutron-induced fission product yields of^(232)Th is crucial for understanding the competition between symmetric and asymmetric fission in actinide nuclei.However,obtaining complete isotopic yield distributions over a wide range of neutron energies remains a challenge.In this study,a Bayesian neural network model was developed to predict the independent(IND)and cumulative fission yields of^(232)Th under neutron irradiation at various incident energies.To address the limited availability of experimental data for the analysis of IND mass distributions,we substituted mass-number-based yields with the yields of specific isotopes.Furthermore,physical phenomena or quantities,such as the odd-even effect and isospin,were introduced as constraints to enhance the physical consistency of the predictions.The impact of these constraints was evaluated using mass-chain yield distributions and their dependence on energy.Incorporating physical constraints significantly improves the prediction accuracy,yielding more reliable and physically meaningful fission yield data for nuclear physics and reactor design applications.展开更多
The Jianghan Basin,at the junction of the Jiangnan and Qinling-Dabie orogenic belts,has a complete Cretaceous to Paleogene stratigraphic record.However,the exhumation history of its source terrains is not well underst...The Jianghan Basin,at the junction of the Jiangnan and Qinling-Dabie orogenic belts,has a complete Cretaceous to Paleogene stratigraphic record.However,the exhumation history of its source terrains is not well understood.We conducted fission track age analysis on zircon grains(n=441)from the Cretaceous and Paleogene strata in the western Jianghan Basin.The Radial Plotter software is utilized to identify peak ages that indicate thermal events and the history of exhumation.The oldest peak at 810 Ma records the Neoproterozoic collisional orogeny between the Yangtze Craton and Cathaysian Block.Ages of 645-558 Ma reflect the convergence between the South China Block and Gondwana.Early Paleozoic ages document the collision leading to the exhumation of the western Jiangnan Orogenic Belt.Late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic peak ages correspond to the Indosinian orogeny.During the Mesozoic,the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate resulted in further exhumation.The absence of Paleogene zircon fission track peak ages in the basin strata suggests limited exhumation during this period,likely due to tectonic quiescence and arid climatic conditions.展开更多
Quantifying the timing and amplitude of multiple subsidence or uplift stages in sedimentary basins is crucial for understanding their tectonic evolution.In this study,18 samples from 10 drilling wells in the Pearl Riv...Quantifying the timing and amplitude of multiple subsidence or uplift stages in sedimentary basins is crucial for understanding their tectonic evolution.In this study,18 samples from 10 drilling wells in the Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)were subjected to apatite and zircon fission track analyses,and suitable samples were selected for thermal history simulation using Hefty.The thermal history simulation results,combined with balanced cross-section analysis,constrain the Cenozoic tectonothermal history of the PRMB.The results indicate that the PRMB underwent differential uplift in the early Paleogene,followed by regional thermal subsidence in the late Paleogene.Subsequently,the PRMB began tectonic activation in the late Miocene due to the Dongsha movement,marked by two rapid cooling events of ca.11–6.5 and 6.5 Myr to the present.These cooling events are characterized by a gradual migration from east to west.The first rapid cooling event can be attributed to the NW-SE compressive stress field in the northeastern South China Sea,driven by the clockwise rotation of the Philippine Sea Plate during the late Miocene.The second rapid cooling event is linked to intensive arc-continental collision and the Taiwan Orogeny triggered by the rapid WNW-ward migration of the Philippine Sea Plate.展开更多
The giant impact hypothesis for the Moon's origin has had difficulty explaining the nearly identical isotopic compositions of Moon rocks and rocks from Earth's silicate mantle and crust.These similarities are ...The giant impact hypothesis for the Moon's origin has had difficulty explaining the nearly identical isotopic compositions of Moon rocks and rocks from Earth's silicate mantle and crust.These similarities are instead more compatible with the Darwin-Wise hypothesis that the Moon arose by fission of a rapidly spinning Earth.To overcome problems with the fission model concerning structural stability and angular momentum conservation,some authors suggested that lunar fission was feasible on a more slowly rotating Earth if assisted by a nuclear explosion near the core-mantle boundary.In this light we consider the possible roles of the large low-velocity provinces(LLVPs).These long-lived structures have been implicated in diverse geophysical processes ranging from deep mantle plumes to continental breakup and mass extinction events.While the LLVPs have been seen as possible remnants of the giant imp actor,we propose that one of them was the site of lunar ejection.Internal heating of the liquid core is suggested to have given rise to an equatorial belt just under the core-mantle boundary analogous to the one recently detected by Ma and Tkalcic[Sci Adv 10(35):eadn5562,2024].Upwellings of heat and volatiles from this belt then generated two antipodal,equatorial bulges:the precursors of the Pacific and African LLVPs.Prior to the emergence of plate tectonics,core heat was mainly dissipated by networks of deep mantle plumes extending above the proto-LLVPs.These plume networks represent conduits of weakened mantle through which proto-lunar materials could later rise in a focused ejection.Continuing heat buildup in the core eventually triggered a cataclysmic explosion in the Pacific proto-LLVP,possibly analogous to a planetary-scale kimberlite eruption.This explosion launched LLVP and overlying mantle material into a low Earth orbit,where it coalesced to form the Moon.Some possible sources of additional energy to power the explosion are considered,including nuclear fission,bolide impacts and a hypothetical gravitational decay process culminating in a'A event'.展开更多
A new multi-detector array named HALIMA(Hybrid Array for LIfetime MeAsurement)has been developed at Lanzhou for nuclear structure studies in fission.The array comprises eight BGO-shielded High-Purity Germanium detecto...A new multi-detector array named HALIMA(Hybrid Array for LIfetime MeAsurement)has been developed at Lanzhou for nuclear structure studies in fission.The array comprises eight BGO-shielded High-Purity Germanium detectors and twenty fast Ce-doped Lanthanum Bromide[LaBr_(3)(Ce)]detectors shielded with CsI(Tl).HALIMA is further complemented by two ancillary detector systems:fission fragment(FF)detectors and β detectors.This configuration enables precise sub-nanosecond lifetime measurements using the fourfold FF/β-Ge-LaBr_(3)(Ce)-LaBr_(3)(Ce)coincidence technique.The performance and specifications of the detectors,associated electronics,and the data acquisition system are presented in detail.The advantage of FF selectivity is emphasized,which significantly enhances sensitivity to specific fission channels.Using this approach,the lifetimes of the nuclear excited states populated in the spontaneous fission of^(252)Cf were measured,showing good agreement with the established literature values.展开更多
Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as a critical factor in the etiology of various neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and Rett syndrome. Alt...Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as a critical factor in the etiology of various neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and Rett syndrome. Although these conditions differ in clinical presentation, they share fundamental pathological features that may stem from abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and impaired autophagic clearance, which contribute to redox imbalance and oxidative stress in neurons. This review aimed to elucidate the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics dysfunction and neurodevelopmental disorders. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo continuous fusion and fission to meet the substantial energy demands of neural cells. Dysregulation of these processes, as observed in certain neurodevelopmental disorders, causes accumulation of damaged mitochondria, exacerbating oxidative damage and impairing neuronal function. The phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1/E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase pathway is crucial for mitophagy, the process of selectively removing malfunctioning mitochondria. Mutations in genes encoding mitochondrial fusion proteins have been identified in autism spectrum disorders, linking disruptions in the fusion-fission equilibrium to neurodevelopmental impairments. Additionally, animal models of Rett syndrome have shown pronounced defects in mitophagy, reinforcing the notion that mitochondrial quality control is indispensable for neuronal health. Clinical studies have highlighted the importance of mitochondrial disturbances in neurodevelopmental disorders. In autism spectrum disorders, elevated oxidative stress markers and mitochondrial DNA deletions indicate compromised mitochondrial function. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder has also been associated with cognitive deficits linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Moreover, induced pluripotent stem cell models derived from patients with Rett syndrome have shown impaired mitochondrial dynamics and heightened vulnerability to oxidative injury, suggesting the role of defective mitochondrial homeostasis in these disorders. From a translational standpoint, multiple therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondrial pathways show promise. Interventions aimed at preserving normal fusion-fission cycles or enhancing mitophagy can reduce oxidative damage by limiting the accumulation of defective mitochondria. Pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial permeability and upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, an essential regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, may also ameliorate cellular energy deficits. Identifying early biomarkers of mitochondrial impairment is crucial for precision medicine, since it can help clinicians tailor interventions to individual patient profiles and improve prognoses. Furthermore, integrating mitochondria-focused strategies with established therapies, such as antioxidants or behavioral interventions, may enhance treatment efficacy and yield better clinical outcomes. Leveraging these pathways could open avenues for regenerative strategies, given the influence of mitochondria on neuronal repair and plasticity. In conclusion, this review indicates mitochondrial homeostasis as a unifying therapeutic axis within neurodevelopmental pathophysiology. Disruptions in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic clearance converge on oxidative stress, and researchers should prioritize validating these interventions in clinical settings to advance precision medicine and enhance outcomes for individuals affected by neurodevelopmental disorders.展开更多
The internal pressure within fission gas bubbles(FGBs)in irradiated nuclear fuels drives mechanical interactions with the surrounding fuel skeleton.To investigate the micromechanical stress fields in irradiated nuclea...The internal pressure within fission gas bubbles(FGBs)in irradiated nuclear fuels drives mechanical interactions with the surrounding fuel skeleton.To investigate the micromechanical stress fields in irradiated nuclear fuels containing pressurized FGBs,a mechanical constitutive model for the equivalent solid of FGBs was developed and validated.This model was based on the modified Van der Waals equation,incorporating the effects of surface tension.Using this model,the micromechanical fields in irradiated U-10Mo fuels with randomly distributed FGBs were calculated during uniaxial tensile testing via the finite element(FE)method.The macroscopic elastic constants of the irradiated U-10Mo fuels were then derived using homogenization theory,and the influences of bubble pressure,bubble size,and porosity on these constants were examined.Results show that adjacent FGBs exhibit mechanical interactions,which leads to distinct stress concentrations in the surrounding fuel skeleton.The macroscopic elastic constants of irradiated U-10Mo fuels decrease with increasing the macroscopic porosity,which can be quantitatively described by the Mori-Tanaka model.In contrast,bubble pressure and size have negligible effects on these constants.展开更多
In this study,the corrosion and cracking behavior of the GH3535 alloy exposed to molten FLiNaK salts(46.5LiF-11.5NaF-42KF,mol%)with 0 and 0.1wt.%Cr_(3)Te_(4)and 0,1 and 3wt.%EuF_(3)additions at 700℃ for 250 h were in...In this study,the corrosion and cracking behavior of the GH3535 alloy exposed to molten FLiNaK salts(46.5LiF-11.5NaF-42KF,mol%)with 0 and 0.1wt.%Cr_(3)Te_(4)and 0,1 and 3wt.%EuF_(3)additions at 700℃ for 250 h were investigated.The results showed that all the samples exposed to tellurium containing salts exhibited intergranular corrosion and cracking,and the cracking severity increased with the increasing EuF_(3)concentration.Among them,the average and maximum cracking depths were 164 and 57.1μm,respectively.In contrast,the control sample exposed to salt without Te exhibited less evident intergranular corrosion and no intergranular cracking.These results demonstrate that the synergistic effect between EuF_(3) and Cr_(3)Te_(4) promotes grain boundary Te segregation and Cr depletion,resulting in more severe intergranular cracking.展开更多
The present-day pressure pattern is the ultimate result of the evolution of paleo-pressure,so understanding the variation of stress throughout geological history is of great significance for oil and gas accumulation.I...The present-day pressure pattern is the ultimate result of the evolution of paleo-pressure,so understanding the variation of stress throughout geological history is of great significance for oil and gas accumulation.In this study,the fission track method was used to reconstruct the cooling history of sandstone samples from the Yanchang Fm.in the central-eastern Ordos Basin and the cause of the low-pressure anomaly in the Yanchang Fm.was analyzed.The max.burial depth pressure was reconstructed and the pressure evolution of the formation in the Futan 1 well was simulated,using Petromod 1D.The fission track data and Petromod 1D simulation results indicate that the Yanchang Fm.reached its max.burial depth and experienced a high paleo-pressure of 30.92 MPa at around 100 Ma.Since the Late Cretaceous,the formation pressure evolution in the study area can be divided into two stages.From 100 to 20 Ma,the formation slowly uplifted,with the pressure gradually decreasing.Since the Miocene(about 20 Ma),the pressure rapidly decreased to the current pressure of approximately 6.92 MPa.Based on the above research results,the influence of pore rebound and temperature decrease on formation pressure was quantitatively calculated.The results show that during the first stage,the pressure reduction caused by pore rebound and cooling was 3.86 MPa and 3.49 MPa,respectively,with a decrease of about 12.48%and 11.28%.During the second stage,the pressure reduction caused by pore rebound and cooling was 6.32 MPa and 9.60 MPa,respectively,with a decrease of about 20.43%and 31.04%.The formation of low pressure in the Yanchang Fm.in the central and eastern basin is mainly controlled by pore rebound and temperature reduction,caused by erosion after stratigraphic uplift.The decrease in temperature plays a decisive role in determining the formation process of the low-pressure oil reservoir.展开更多
Background Changes in macrophage function are crucial contributors to hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.However,the role of macrophages in the development of liver fibrosis in dairy cows with ketosis remains unclear.T...Background Changes in macrophage function are crucial contributors to hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.However,the role of macrophages in the development of liver fibrosis in dairy cows with ketosis remains unclear.This study integrated proteomics and cytokine array approach to identify the multifactorial and multicellular interaction effects driving liver fibrosis in dairy cows with ketosis and analyze the mechanism by which the proinflammatory shift in macrophages contributes to liver fibrosis.Results Histopathological analysis revealed liver injury,including severe steatosis,infiltration of inflammatory cells,an increase in lipid deposition,and a decrease in glycogen expression in ketotic cows.Moreover,the number of mitochondria considerably increased in hepatocytes.The activation of the dynamin-related protein 1/mitochondrial fission factor(DRP1/MFF)pathway induced excessive mitochondrial fission,and the inhibition of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1(Nrf2/HO-1)pathway led to the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS).Proteomic analysis revealed the activation of extracellular matrix(ECM)-related functions and the NF-κB pathway in the liver,whereas cytokine array analysis revealed that the cytokine network was dysregulated.The accumulation of ROS triggered NF-κB nuclear translocation,inducing a proinflammatory shift in macrophages and liver inflammation.M1 polarization of macrophages promotes the release of proinflammatory mediators,which stimulated hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)activation,leading to ECM deposition,ultimately contributing to liver fibrosis.Conclusions To summarize,our study revealed the multifactorial and multicellular interaction effects driving liver fibrosis.Our results preliminarily showed that increased mitochondrial fission and inhibition of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway are key factors in activating macrophages,which can lead to liver fibrosis in dairy cows with ketosis.展开更多
In this study,the fission properties of^(180)Hg were investigated based on Skyrme density functional theory.The impact of the high-order hexadecapole moment(q_(40))was observed at large deformations.With the q_(40)con...In this study,the fission properties of^(180)Hg were investigated based on Skyrme density functional theory.The impact of the high-order hexadecapole moment(q_(40))was observed at large deformations.With the q_(40)constraint,smooth and continuous potential energy surfaces could be obtained.In particular,the hexadecapole moment constraint is essential for obtaining appropriate scission configurations.The static fission path based on the PES supports the asymmetric fission of^(180)Hg.The asymmetric distribution of the fission yields of^(180)Hg was reproduced by the time-dependent generator coordinate method and agreed well with the experimental data.展开更多
The Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit(YPWD),located in the Jiangnan porphyryskarn tungsten ore belt,is one of the most important and large-scale porphyry W-Mo deposits in South China.While previous zircon U-Pb and mol...The Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit(YPWD),located in the Jiangnan porphyryskarn tungsten ore belt,is one of the most important and large-scale porphyry W-Mo deposits in South China.While previous zircon U-Pb and molybdenite Re-Os data suggest that Yangchuling WMo ore bodies formed almost simultaneously with granodiorite and monzogranitic porphyry at~150–144 Ma,their post emplacement history remains poorly understood,making their preservation status at depth uncertain.In this paper,new zircon and apatite(U-Th)/He and apatite fission track(ZHe,AHe and AFT,respectively)data of one hornfels and five intrusive rocks from a 1000-meter borehole are presented.These,together with new inverse thermal history models and previous geochronological data,help elucidate the post-diagenetic exhumation history and preservation status of the Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit.In general,ZHe and AHe ages decrease gradually from the near surface downwards and have relatively little intra-sample variation,ranging from 133 to 73Ma and 67 to 25 Ma,respectively.All four granodiorites yield similar AFT ages that range from 63 to 55 Ma with mean track lengths varying from 12.2±0.7 to 12.6±0.5μm.Thermal history modelling indicates that the Yangchuling ore district experienced slow,monotonic cooling since the Cretaceous.Age-depth relationships are interpreted as recording~3.7±0.8 km of Cretaceous-recent exhumation in response to regional extension throughout South China thought to have been driven by subduction retreat of the Paleo-Pacific Plate.Comparison of estimated net exhumation and previous metallogenic depth of~4–5 km suggests that W-Mo ore bodies could still exist at depths of up to~1.3±0.8 km relative to Earth surface in the YPWD region.Preservation of the YPWD is attributed to the limited amount of regional denudation during the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic.展开更多
This paper aimed to explore the mechanism of tetrapeptide Val-Thr-Pro-Tyr(VTPY)in improving alcoholic gastric injury.VTPY has the potential to enhance the growth and movement of normal human gastric epithelial cells(G...This paper aimed to explore the mechanism of tetrapeptide Val-Thr-Pro-Tyr(VTPY)in improving alcoholic gastric injury.VTPY has the potential to enhance the growth and movement of normal human gastric epithelial cells(GES-1).Following ethanol-induced impairment,VTPY effectively improved migration of GES-1 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)cells,enhanced angiogenesis,eliminated cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS),inhibited excessive mitochondrial division,enhanced F-actin polymerization and mitochondrial respiratory capacity.To counteract excessive mitochondrial fission,VTPY primarily restores the mitochondria dynamics by reducing the expression of Drpl and Fis1,while increasing Mfn2.Further studies utilizing inhibitors clarifies that the inhibition of excessive mitochondrial fission can markedly reduce F-actin depolymerization,consequently enhancing cell migration.Additionally,VTPY can inhibit the apoptosis pathway by maintaining potential of mitochondrial membrane,preventing the release of mitochondrial cytochrome C,bolstering the levels of Bcl-XL,while reducing the levels of Bax and cleaved-Caspase-3.Further investigations using inhibitors demonstrates that excessive mitochondrial fission could activate apoptotic pathway.However,VTPY counteracts this effect and enhance cells viability.Further evidence suggests that VTPY effectively improves ulcer index and pathologic changes,relieves inflammation,enhances the balance of oxidation and anti-oxidation,promotes angiogenesis,improves the expression of mitochondrial dynamics factors,blocks apoptotic pathway,and subsequently ameliorates gastric damage in mice through Fis-1/Bcl-2 pathway.展开更多
The neutron richness of the light charged particles emitted out of the fission plane in heavy ion reactions has been experimentally investigated via the production of A=3 mirror nuclei in ^(86)Kr+^(nat)Pb reactions at...The neutron richness of the light charged particles emitted out of the fission plane in heavy ion reactions has been experimentally investigated via the production of A=3 mirror nuclei in ^(86)Kr+^(nat)Pb reactions at 25 MeV/u.The energy spectra and angular distributions of triton(t)and ^(3)He in coincidence with two fission fragments are measured with the Compact Spectrometer for Heavy IoN Experiment(CSHINE).The energy spectrum of ^(3)He is observed harder than that of triton in the fission events,in accordance with the phenomena reported as“^(3)He-puzzle”in inclusive measurements.With a data-driven energy spectrum peak cut scenario,it is observed that the yield ratio R(t∕^(3)He)increases with the angle to the fission plane,showing an enhancement of neutron-rich particle emission from out-of-fission-plane.A qualitative comparison with the transport model calculations suggests that this observation may serve as a new probe for the nuclear symmetry energy.展开更多
Intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)is the primary contributor to a range of spinal diseases.Dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission has recently been identified as a new cause of nucleus pulp...Intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)is the primary contributor to a range of spinal diseases.Dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission has recently been identified as a new cause of nucleus pulposus cell(NPC)death and IVDD,but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Although the effects of Drp1 phosphorylation in IVDD have been studied,it is currently unknown if small ubiquitin-like modifications(SUMOylation)of Drp1 regulate IVDD.This study aimed to investigate the functions and mechanisms of mitochondria-anchored protein ligase(MAPL),a mitochondrial SUMO E3 ligase,during IVDD progression.The expression of genes related to SUMOylation and mitochondrial dynamics in TNF-α-stimulated NPCs was analysed via RNA sequencing.展开更多
Prompt fission neutron spectra(PFNS)have a significant role in nuclear science and technology.In this study,the PFNS for^(239)Pu are evaluated using both differential and integral experimental data.A method that lever...Prompt fission neutron spectra(PFNS)have a significant role in nuclear science and technology.In this study,the PFNS for^(239)Pu are evaluated using both differential and integral experimental data.A method that leverages integral criticality benchmark experiments to constrain the PFNS data is introduced.The measured central values of the PFNS are perturbed by constructing a covariance matrix.The PFNS are sampled using two types of covariance matrices,either generated with an assumed correlation matrix and incorporating experimental uncertainties or derived directly from experimental reports.The joint Monte Carlo transport code is employed to perform transport simulations on five criticality benchmark assemblies by utilizing perturbed PFNS data.Extensive simulations result in an optimized PFNS that shows improved agreement with the integral criticality benchmark experiments.This study introduces a novel approach for optimizing differential experimental data through integral experiments,particularly when a covariance matrix is not provided.展开更多
The temporal and spatial evolution of the Ailao Shan-Red River(ASRR)fault zone,which serves as an important accommodation zone for the extrusion and escape of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau,is crucial for analyzing ...The temporal and spatial evolution of the Ailao Shan-Red River(ASRR)fault zone,which serves as an important accommodation zone for the extrusion and escape of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau,is crucial for analyzing the uplift and growth of the plateau.Based on the petrology and apatite fission track analysis,the tectonic history and active pattern of the ASRR fault zone since the middle Miocene are determined in this study.The ASRR fault zone exhibits 12-8Ma and 8-4 Ma rapid cooling phases since the middle Miocene.The 12-8 Ma and 8-4 Ma cooling may imply that the dextral movement of the ASRR fault zone presents a migration trend from northwest to southeast,accompanied by the weakening of the activity intensity,which is directly related to deformation processes,including extrusion boundary migration and active tectonic movements of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau,since the middle-late Miocene.展开更多
Polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS)is the most principal reason for infertility in reproductive women,but no versatile treatment is feasible.Although trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid(10H2DA)exhibits the anti-inflammator...Polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS)is the most principal reason for infertility in reproductive women,but no versatile treatment is feasible.Although trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid(10H2DA)exhibits the anti-inflammatory,anti-cancerous and immunomodulatory properties,its role in improving PCOS remains elusive.This present study examined the effects of 10H2DA on the estrous cycle,ovarian morphology,reproductive hormone,glucose and insulin tolerances of PCOS mice,analyzed the binding between 10H2DA and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4),and explored the regulation of 10H2DA on the c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)/JUN(Jun proto-oncogene)signaling,cytosolic calcium ion(Ca^(2+)),endoplasmic reticulum(ER)Ca^(2+) release,mitochondrial Ca^(2+),mitochondrial function,autophagy,lysosomal acidification,mitochondrial fission,secretion function and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells(GCs)using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,flow cytometry,Western blotting,molecular docking,various fluorescent probes or plasmid,etc.The results showed that 10H2DA alleviated the symptom of PCOS mice through improving the secretion dysfunction of GCs and protecting GCs against apoptosis.After binding to FFAR4 and inactivation of JNK/JUN signaling,10H2DA restricted the release of ER Ca^(2+)through targeting ryanodine receptors(RYRs)which had been identified as the downstream targets of JUN,diminished cytosolic Ca^(2+) accumulation and prevented Ca^(2+) influx into mitochondria via adjusting the mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 and mitochondrial calcium uniporter.Concurrently,10H2DA kept the integrity of mitochondrial function through maintaining mitochondrial Ca2 homeostasis and suppressed the discharge of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species into the cytosol through blocking the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening to avoid the lipid peroxidation and ameliorate the secretory function and apoptosis of GCs.Furthermore,1OH2DA rescued the defective autophagic flux along with the decline of autophagosomes and sequestosome 1 aggregation,restored the mitophagy flux with the abatement of mitophagosomes and Parkin recruitment to mitochondria,and accelerated the lysosomal degradation for depolarized mitochondria with the recovery of lysosomal acidification,whereas activation of JNK antagonized the amelioration of 10H2DA on above effectiveness,but this antagonism was counteracted by the attenuation of intracellular Ca^(2+).After application of 10H2DA,dynamin-related protein 1 phosphorylation was diminished and its recruitment to mitochondrial surface was impeded concomitant with the improvement of mitochondrial fragmentation,whereas inhibition of late-stage autophagy caused the failure of 10H2DA in improving mitochondrial fission.Collectively,10H2DA might ameliorate PCOS mice through modulating autophagy-mediated mitochondrial fission dependent on the maintenance of Ca^(2+) homeostasis between ER and mitochondria.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Excellent Talents Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province of China (Grant No. gxyq ZD2020077)the School-level Scientific Research Projects (Grant No. 2021KYXM08)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11775121)K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University。
文摘We investigate a(2 + 1)-dimensional shallow water wave equation and describe its nonlinear dynamical behaviors in physics. Based on the N-soliton solutions, the higher-order fissionable and fusionable waves, fissionable or fusionable waves mixed with soliton molecular and breather waves can be obtained by various constraints of special parameters. At the same time, by the long wave limit method, the interaction waves between fissionable or fusionable waves with higher-order lumps are acquired. Combined with the dynamic figures of the waves, the properties of the solution are deeply studied to reveal the physical significance of the waves.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12105257)the Research and Development Fund(No.JMJJ202401)。
文摘The energy correlations of prompt fission neutrons have not yet been considered in the related coincidence and multiplication measurement techniques.To measure and verify the energy correlations,an experiment was performed with a total measurement duration of approximately 1200 h.In the experiment,eight CLYC detectors and sixteen EJ309 liquid scintillation detectors were utilized,and the fission moment was tagged with the measured fissionγ-rays.The relative ratios of the energy spectra of the neutrons correlated with different energy neutrons to the^(252)Cf fission neutron energy spectra were obtained.The present results may be helpful for studying fission physics and nuclear technology applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12247126 and 12375123)Henan Postdoctoral Foundation(No.HN2024013)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.242300421048)。
文摘Research on neutron-induced fission product yields of^(232)Th is crucial for understanding the competition between symmetric and asymmetric fission in actinide nuclei.However,obtaining complete isotopic yield distributions over a wide range of neutron energies remains a challenge.In this study,a Bayesian neural network model was developed to predict the independent(IND)and cumulative fission yields of^(232)Th under neutron irradiation at various incident energies.To address the limited availability of experimental data for the analysis of IND mass distributions,we substituted mass-number-based yields with the yields of specific isotopes.Furthermore,physical phenomena or quantities,such as the odd-even effect and isospin,were introduced as constraints to enhance the physical consistency of the predictions.The impact of these constraints was evaluated using mass-chain yield distributions and their dependence on energy.Incorporating physical constraints significantly improves the prediction accuracy,yielding more reliable and physically meaningful fission yield data for nuclear physics and reactor design applications.
基金the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41972212)the Hubei Chutian Scholars Talent Program(Grant No.8210403)。
文摘The Jianghan Basin,at the junction of the Jiangnan and Qinling-Dabie orogenic belts,has a complete Cretaceous to Paleogene stratigraphic record.However,the exhumation history of its source terrains is not well understood.We conducted fission track age analysis on zircon grains(n=441)from the Cretaceous and Paleogene strata in the western Jianghan Basin.The Radial Plotter software is utilized to identify peak ages that indicate thermal events and the history of exhumation.The oldest peak at 810 Ma records the Neoproterozoic collisional orogeny between the Yangtze Craton and Cathaysian Block.Ages of 645-558 Ma reflect the convergence between the South China Block and Gondwana.Early Paleozoic ages document the collision leading to the exhumation of the western Jiangnan Orogenic Belt.Late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic peak ages correspond to the Indosinian orogeny.During the Mesozoic,the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate resulted in further exhumation.The absence of Paleogene zircon fission track peak ages in the basin strata suggests limited exhumation during this period,likely due to tectonic quiescence and arid climatic conditions.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42121005,92358302,42302233)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Laoshan Laboratory(No.LSKJ202204400)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.202172003)。
文摘Quantifying the timing and amplitude of multiple subsidence or uplift stages in sedimentary basins is crucial for understanding their tectonic evolution.In this study,18 samples from 10 drilling wells in the Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)were subjected to apatite and zircon fission track analyses,and suitable samples were selected for thermal history simulation using Hefty.The thermal history simulation results,combined with balanced cross-section analysis,constrain the Cenozoic tectonothermal history of the PRMB.The results indicate that the PRMB underwent differential uplift in the early Paleogene,followed by regional thermal subsidence in the late Paleogene.Subsequently,the PRMB began tectonic activation in the late Miocene due to the Dongsha movement,marked by two rapid cooling events of ca.11–6.5 and 6.5 Myr to the present.These cooling events are characterized by a gradual migration from east to west.The first rapid cooling event can be attributed to the NW-SE compressive stress field in the northeastern South China Sea,driven by the clockwise rotation of the Philippine Sea Plate during the late Miocene.The second rapid cooling event is linked to intensive arc-continental collision and the Taiwan Orogeny triggered by the rapid WNW-ward migration of the Philippine Sea Plate.
文摘The giant impact hypothesis for the Moon's origin has had difficulty explaining the nearly identical isotopic compositions of Moon rocks and rocks from Earth's silicate mantle and crust.These similarities are instead more compatible with the Darwin-Wise hypothesis that the Moon arose by fission of a rapidly spinning Earth.To overcome problems with the fission model concerning structural stability and angular momentum conservation,some authors suggested that lunar fission was feasible on a more slowly rotating Earth if assisted by a nuclear explosion near the core-mantle boundary.In this light we consider the possible roles of the large low-velocity provinces(LLVPs).These long-lived structures have been implicated in diverse geophysical processes ranging from deep mantle plumes to continental breakup and mass extinction events.While the LLVPs have been seen as possible remnants of the giant imp actor,we propose that one of them was the site of lunar ejection.Internal heating of the liquid core is suggested to have given rise to an equatorial belt just under the core-mantle boundary analogous to the one recently detected by Ma and Tkalcic[Sci Adv 10(35):eadn5562,2024].Upwellings of heat and volatiles from this belt then generated two antipodal,equatorial bulges:the precursors of the Pacific and African LLVPs.Prior to the emergence of plate tectonics,core heat was mainly dissipated by networks of deep mantle plumes extending above the proto-LLVPs.These plume networks represent conduits of weakened mantle through which proto-lunar materials could later rise in a focused ejection.Continuing heat buildup in the core eventually triggered a cataclysmic explosion in the Pacific proto-LLVP,possibly analogous to a planetary-scale kimberlite eruption.This explosion launched LLVP and overlying mantle material into a low Earth orbit,where it coalesced to form the Moon.Some possible sources of additional energy to power the explosion are considered,including nuclear fission,bolide impacts and a hypothetical gravitational decay process culminating in a'A event'.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12275321,12121005,12475129,and 12335009)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2025A1515012112)+5 种基金the International Atomic Energy Agency Coordinated Research Project F41034(No.28649)the computational resources from Sun Yat-sen University the National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhouthe Open Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Technology(No.NLK2023-08)the Central Government Guidance Funds for Local Scientific and Technological Development,China(No.Guike ZY22096024)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2021B0301030006)Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12405144)the National Key Research and Development Program(MOST 2022YFA1602304).
文摘A new multi-detector array named HALIMA(Hybrid Array for LIfetime MeAsurement)has been developed at Lanzhou for nuclear structure studies in fission.The array comprises eight BGO-shielded High-Purity Germanium detectors and twenty fast Ce-doped Lanthanum Bromide[LaBr_(3)(Ce)]detectors shielded with CsI(Tl).HALIMA is further complemented by two ancillary detector systems:fission fragment(FF)detectors and β detectors.This configuration enables precise sub-nanosecond lifetime measurements using the fourfold FF/β-Ge-LaBr_(3)(Ce)-LaBr_(3)(Ce)coincidence technique.The performance and specifications of the detectors,associated electronics,and the data acquisition system are presented in detail.The advantage of FF selectivity is emphasized,which significantly enhances sensitivity to specific fission channels.Using this approach,the lifetimes of the nuclear excited states populated in the spontaneous fission of^(252)Cf were measured,showing good agreement with the established literature values.
文摘Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as a critical factor in the etiology of various neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and Rett syndrome. Although these conditions differ in clinical presentation, they share fundamental pathological features that may stem from abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and impaired autophagic clearance, which contribute to redox imbalance and oxidative stress in neurons. This review aimed to elucidate the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics dysfunction and neurodevelopmental disorders. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo continuous fusion and fission to meet the substantial energy demands of neural cells. Dysregulation of these processes, as observed in certain neurodevelopmental disorders, causes accumulation of damaged mitochondria, exacerbating oxidative damage and impairing neuronal function. The phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1/E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase pathway is crucial for mitophagy, the process of selectively removing malfunctioning mitochondria. Mutations in genes encoding mitochondrial fusion proteins have been identified in autism spectrum disorders, linking disruptions in the fusion-fission equilibrium to neurodevelopmental impairments. Additionally, animal models of Rett syndrome have shown pronounced defects in mitophagy, reinforcing the notion that mitochondrial quality control is indispensable for neuronal health. Clinical studies have highlighted the importance of mitochondrial disturbances in neurodevelopmental disorders. In autism spectrum disorders, elevated oxidative stress markers and mitochondrial DNA deletions indicate compromised mitochondrial function. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder has also been associated with cognitive deficits linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Moreover, induced pluripotent stem cell models derived from patients with Rett syndrome have shown impaired mitochondrial dynamics and heightened vulnerability to oxidative injury, suggesting the role of defective mitochondrial homeostasis in these disorders. From a translational standpoint, multiple therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondrial pathways show promise. Interventions aimed at preserving normal fusion-fission cycles or enhancing mitophagy can reduce oxidative damage by limiting the accumulation of defective mitochondria. Pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial permeability and upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, an essential regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, may also ameliorate cellular energy deficits. Identifying early biomarkers of mitochondrial impairment is crucial for precision medicine, since it can help clinicians tailor interventions to individual patient profiles and improve prognoses. Furthermore, integrating mitochondria-focused strategies with established therapies, such as antioxidants or behavioral interventions, may enhance treatment efficacy and yield better clinical outcomes. Leveraging these pathways could open avenues for regenerative strategies, given the influence of mitochondria on neuronal repair and plasticity. In conclusion, this review indicates mitochondrial homeostasis as a unifying therapeutic axis within neurodevelopmental pathophysiology. Disruptions in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic clearance converge on oxidative stress, and researchers should prioritize validating these interventions in clinical settings to advance precision medicine and enhance outcomes for individuals affected by neurodevelopmental disorders.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12135008,12132005)。
文摘The internal pressure within fission gas bubbles(FGBs)in irradiated nuclear fuels drives mechanical interactions with the surrounding fuel skeleton.To investigate the micromechanical stress fields in irradiated nuclear fuels containing pressurized FGBs,a mechanical constitutive model for the equivalent solid of FGBs was developed and validated.This model was based on the modified Van der Waals equation,incorporating the effects of surface tension.Using this model,the micromechanical fields in irradiated U-10Mo fuels with randomly distributed FGBs were calculated during uniaxial tensile testing via the finite element(FE)method.The macroscopic elastic constants of the irradiated U-10Mo fuels were then derived using homogenization theory,and the influences of bubble pressure,bubble size,and porosity on these constants were examined.Results show that adjacent FGBs exhibit mechanical interactions,which leads to distinct stress concentrations in the surrounding fuel skeleton.The macroscopic elastic constants of irradiated U-10Mo fuels decrease with increasing the macroscopic porosity,which can be quantitatively described by the Mori-Tanaka model.In contrast,bubble pressure and size have negligible effects on these constants.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12425511 and 12375280).
文摘In this study,the corrosion and cracking behavior of the GH3535 alloy exposed to molten FLiNaK salts(46.5LiF-11.5NaF-42KF,mol%)with 0 and 0.1wt.%Cr_(3)Te_(4)and 0,1 and 3wt.%EuF_(3)additions at 700℃ for 250 h were investigated.The results showed that all the samples exposed to tellurium containing salts exhibited intergranular corrosion and cracking,and the cracking severity increased with the increasing EuF_(3)concentration.Among them,the average and maximum cracking depths were 164 and 57.1μm,respectively.In contrast,the control sample exposed to salt without Te exhibited less evident intergranular corrosion and no intergranular cracking.These results demonstrate that the synergistic effect between EuF_(3) and Cr_(3)Te_(4) promotes grain boundary Te segregation and Cr depletion,resulting in more severe intergranular cracking.
基金funded by the Major Project of the Changqing Oilfield‘Research on the Tectonic,Sedimentary,Mechanism and New Exploration of the Mesoproterozoic Changcheng System in the Ordos Basin’(ZDZX2021)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42241204,42073054)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHD(300102272205,300102272207).
文摘The present-day pressure pattern is the ultimate result of the evolution of paleo-pressure,so understanding the variation of stress throughout geological history is of great significance for oil and gas accumulation.In this study,the fission track method was used to reconstruct the cooling history of sandstone samples from the Yanchang Fm.in the central-eastern Ordos Basin and the cause of the low-pressure anomaly in the Yanchang Fm.was analyzed.The max.burial depth pressure was reconstructed and the pressure evolution of the formation in the Futan 1 well was simulated,using Petromod 1D.The fission track data and Petromod 1D simulation results indicate that the Yanchang Fm.reached its max.burial depth and experienced a high paleo-pressure of 30.92 MPa at around 100 Ma.Since the Late Cretaceous,the formation pressure evolution in the study area can be divided into two stages.From 100 to 20 Ma,the formation slowly uplifted,with the pressure gradually decreasing.Since the Miocene(about 20 Ma),the pressure rapidly decreased to the current pressure of approximately 6.92 MPa.Based on the above research results,the influence of pore rebound and temperature decrease on formation pressure was quantitatively calculated.The results show that during the first stage,the pressure reduction caused by pore rebound and cooling was 3.86 MPa and 3.49 MPa,respectively,with a decrease of about 12.48%and 11.28%.During the second stage,the pressure reduction caused by pore rebound and cooling was 6.32 MPa and 9.60 MPa,respectively,with a decrease of about 20.43%and 31.04%.The formation of low pressure in the Yanchang Fm.in the central and eastern basin is mainly controlled by pore rebound and temperature reduction,caused by erosion after stratigraphic uplift.The decrease in temperature plays a decisive role in determining the formation process of the low-pressure oil reservoir.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32125038 and 32402957)China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20240417)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(2024M753563)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1801100).
文摘Background Changes in macrophage function are crucial contributors to hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.However,the role of macrophages in the development of liver fibrosis in dairy cows with ketosis remains unclear.This study integrated proteomics and cytokine array approach to identify the multifactorial and multicellular interaction effects driving liver fibrosis in dairy cows with ketosis and analyze the mechanism by which the proinflammatory shift in macrophages contributes to liver fibrosis.Results Histopathological analysis revealed liver injury,including severe steatosis,infiltration of inflammatory cells,an increase in lipid deposition,and a decrease in glycogen expression in ketotic cows.Moreover,the number of mitochondria considerably increased in hepatocytes.The activation of the dynamin-related protein 1/mitochondrial fission factor(DRP1/MFF)pathway induced excessive mitochondrial fission,and the inhibition of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1(Nrf2/HO-1)pathway led to the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS).Proteomic analysis revealed the activation of extracellular matrix(ECM)-related functions and the NF-κB pathway in the liver,whereas cytokine array analysis revealed that the cytokine network was dysregulated.The accumulation of ROS triggered NF-κB nuclear translocation,inducing a proinflammatory shift in macrophages and liver inflammation.M1 polarization of macrophages promotes the release of proinflammatory mediators,which stimulated hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)activation,leading to ECM deposition,ultimately contributing to liver fibrosis.Conclusions To summarize,our study revealed the multifactorial and multicellular interaction effects driving liver fibrosis.Our results preliminarily showed that increased mitochondrial fission and inhibition of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway are key factors in activating macrophages,which can lead to liver fibrosis in dairy cows with ketosis.
基金supported by the National Key R and D Program of China(No.2022YFA1602000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12275081 and U1732138)Continuous-support Basic Scientific Research Project.
文摘In this study,the fission properties of^(180)Hg were investigated based on Skyrme density functional theory.The impact of the high-order hexadecapole moment(q_(40))was observed at large deformations.With the q_(40)constraint,smooth and continuous potential energy surfaces could be obtained.In particular,the hexadecapole moment constraint is essential for obtaining appropriate scission configurations.The static fission path based on the PES supports the asymmetric fission of^(180)Hg.The asymmetric distribution of the fission yields of^(180)Hg was reproduced by the time-dependent generator coordinate method and agreed well with the experimental data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42162013,42002095)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment(Nos.2022NRE34,NRE2021-01)+1 种基金Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.20242BAB26048,20242BAB25178)Fund of National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Remote Sensing Information and imagery Analysis,Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology(No.6142A01210405)。
文摘The Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit(YPWD),located in the Jiangnan porphyryskarn tungsten ore belt,is one of the most important and large-scale porphyry W-Mo deposits in South China.While previous zircon U-Pb and molybdenite Re-Os data suggest that Yangchuling WMo ore bodies formed almost simultaneously with granodiorite and monzogranitic porphyry at~150–144 Ma,their post emplacement history remains poorly understood,making their preservation status at depth uncertain.In this paper,new zircon and apatite(U-Th)/He and apatite fission track(ZHe,AHe and AFT,respectively)data of one hornfels and five intrusive rocks from a 1000-meter borehole are presented.These,together with new inverse thermal history models and previous geochronological data,help elucidate the post-diagenetic exhumation history and preservation status of the Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit.In general,ZHe and AHe ages decrease gradually from the near surface downwards and have relatively little intra-sample variation,ranging from 133 to 73Ma and 67 to 25 Ma,respectively.All four granodiorites yield similar AFT ages that range from 63 to 55 Ma with mean track lengths varying from 12.2±0.7 to 12.6±0.5μm.Thermal history modelling indicates that the Yangchuling ore district experienced slow,monotonic cooling since the Cretaceous.Age-depth relationships are interpreted as recording~3.7±0.8 km of Cretaceous-recent exhumation in response to regional extension throughout South China thought to have been driven by subduction retreat of the Paleo-Pacific Plate.Comparison of estimated net exhumation and previous metallogenic depth of~4–5 km suggests that W-Mo ore bodies could still exist at depths of up to~1.3±0.8 km relative to Earth surface in the YPWD region.Preservation of the YPWD is attributed to the limited amount of regional denudation during the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic.
基金support from the Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Dalian City(2019J11CY005)the Graduate Innovation Fund of Dalian Polytechnic University。
文摘This paper aimed to explore the mechanism of tetrapeptide Val-Thr-Pro-Tyr(VTPY)in improving alcoholic gastric injury.VTPY has the potential to enhance the growth and movement of normal human gastric epithelial cells(GES-1).Following ethanol-induced impairment,VTPY effectively improved migration of GES-1 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)cells,enhanced angiogenesis,eliminated cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS),inhibited excessive mitochondrial division,enhanced F-actin polymerization and mitochondrial respiratory capacity.To counteract excessive mitochondrial fission,VTPY primarily restores the mitochondria dynamics by reducing the expression of Drpl and Fis1,while increasing Mfn2.Further studies utilizing inhibitors clarifies that the inhibition of excessive mitochondrial fission can markedly reduce F-actin depolymerization,consequently enhancing cell migration.Additionally,VTPY can inhibit the apoptosis pathway by maintaining potential of mitochondrial membrane,preventing the release of mitochondrial cytochrome C,bolstering the levels of Bcl-XL,while reducing the levels of Bax and cleaved-Caspase-3.Further investigations using inhibitors demonstrates that excessive mitochondrial fission could activate apoptotic pathway.However,VTPY counteracts this effect and enhance cells viability.Further evidence suggests that VTPY effectively improves ulcer index and pathologic changes,relieves inflammation,enhances the balance of oxidation and anti-oxidation,promotes angiogenesis,improves the expression of mitochondrial dynamics factors,blocks apoptotic pathway,and subsequently ameliorates gastric damage in mice through Fis-1/Bcl-2 pathway.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12205160,11961131010,11961141004,and 11965004)by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2022YFE0103400 and 2020YFE0202001)+2 种基金by the Polish National Science Center(No.2023/49/B/ST2/01294)This work is also supported by Initiative Scientific Research Program and the Center of High Performance Computing of Tsinghua Universitythe Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou(HIRFL).
文摘The neutron richness of the light charged particles emitted out of the fission plane in heavy ion reactions has been experimentally investigated via the production of A=3 mirror nuclei in ^(86)Kr+^(nat)Pb reactions at 25 MeV/u.The energy spectra and angular distributions of triton(t)and ^(3)He in coincidence with two fission fragments are measured with the Compact Spectrometer for Heavy IoN Experiment(CSHINE).The energy spectrum of ^(3)He is observed harder than that of triton in the fission events,in accordance with the phenomena reported as“^(3)He-puzzle”in inclusive measurements.With a data-driven energy spectrum peak cut scenario,it is observed that the yield ratio R(t∕^(3)He)increases with the angle to the fission plane,showing an enhancement of neutron-rich particle emission from out-of-fission-plane.A qualitative comparison with the transport model calculations suggests that this observation may serve as a new probe for the nuclear symmetry energy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272549,82472505,and 82472498)National key Research and Development plan,Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2022YFC2407203)+2 种基金the Young Health Talents of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,China(2022YQ011)China Medical Education Association(3030537245)The Youth Talent Project of Huashan Hospital(30302164006).
文摘Intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)is the primary contributor to a range of spinal diseases.Dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission has recently been identified as a new cause of nucleus pulposus cell(NPC)death and IVDD,but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Although the effects of Drp1 phosphorylation in IVDD have been studied,it is currently unknown if small ubiquitin-like modifications(SUMOylation)of Drp1 regulate IVDD.This study aimed to investigate the functions and mechanisms of mitochondria-anchored protein ligase(MAPL),a mitochondrial SUMO E3 ligase,during IVDD progression.The expression of genes related to SUMOylation and mitochondrial dynamics in TNF-α-stimulated NPCs was analysed via RNA sequencing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12347126)。
文摘Prompt fission neutron spectra(PFNS)have a significant role in nuclear science and technology.In this study,the PFNS for^(239)Pu are evaluated using both differential and integral experimental data.A method that leverages integral criticality benchmark experiments to constrain the PFNS data is introduced.The measured central values of the PFNS are perturbed by constructing a covariance matrix.The PFNS are sampled using two types of covariance matrices,either generated with an assumed correlation matrix and incorporating experimental uncertainties or derived directly from experimental reports.The joint Monte Carlo transport code is employed to perform transport simulations on five criticality benchmark assemblies by utilizing perturbed PFNS data.Extensive simulations result in an optimized PFNS that shows improved agreement with the integral criticality benchmark experiments.This study introduces a novel approach for optimizing differential experimental data through integral experiments,particularly when a covariance matrix is not provided.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41530963,42406077)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.ZR2022QD087)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42376060,41176038)。
文摘The temporal and spatial evolution of the Ailao Shan-Red River(ASRR)fault zone,which serves as an important accommodation zone for the extrusion and escape of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau,is crucial for analyzing the uplift and growth of the plateau.Based on the petrology and apatite fission track analysis,the tectonic history and active pattern of the ASRR fault zone since the middle Miocene are determined in this study.The ASRR fault zone exhibits 12-8Ma and 8-4 Ma rapid cooling phases since the middle Miocene.The 12-8 Ma and 8-4 Ma cooling may imply that the dextral movement of the ASRR fault zone presents a migration trend from northwest to southeast,accompanied by the weakening of the activity intensity,which is directly related to deformation processes,including extrusion boundary migration and active tectonic movements of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau,since the middle-late Miocene.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(20220101287JC)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31873003 and 31472158)Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University(2022140).
文摘Polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS)is the most principal reason for infertility in reproductive women,but no versatile treatment is feasible.Although trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid(10H2DA)exhibits the anti-inflammatory,anti-cancerous and immunomodulatory properties,its role in improving PCOS remains elusive.This present study examined the effects of 10H2DA on the estrous cycle,ovarian morphology,reproductive hormone,glucose and insulin tolerances of PCOS mice,analyzed the binding between 10H2DA and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4),and explored the regulation of 10H2DA on the c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)/JUN(Jun proto-oncogene)signaling,cytosolic calcium ion(Ca^(2+)),endoplasmic reticulum(ER)Ca^(2+) release,mitochondrial Ca^(2+),mitochondrial function,autophagy,lysosomal acidification,mitochondrial fission,secretion function and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells(GCs)using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,flow cytometry,Western blotting,molecular docking,various fluorescent probes or plasmid,etc.The results showed that 10H2DA alleviated the symptom of PCOS mice through improving the secretion dysfunction of GCs and protecting GCs against apoptosis.After binding to FFAR4 and inactivation of JNK/JUN signaling,10H2DA restricted the release of ER Ca^(2+)through targeting ryanodine receptors(RYRs)which had been identified as the downstream targets of JUN,diminished cytosolic Ca^(2+) accumulation and prevented Ca^(2+) influx into mitochondria via adjusting the mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 and mitochondrial calcium uniporter.Concurrently,10H2DA kept the integrity of mitochondrial function through maintaining mitochondrial Ca2 homeostasis and suppressed the discharge of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species into the cytosol through blocking the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening to avoid the lipid peroxidation and ameliorate the secretory function and apoptosis of GCs.Furthermore,1OH2DA rescued the defective autophagic flux along with the decline of autophagosomes and sequestosome 1 aggregation,restored the mitophagy flux with the abatement of mitophagosomes and Parkin recruitment to mitochondria,and accelerated the lysosomal degradation for depolarized mitochondria with the recovery of lysosomal acidification,whereas activation of JNK antagonized the amelioration of 10H2DA on above effectiveness,but this antagonism was counteracted by the attenuation of intracellular Ca^(2+).After application of 10H2DA,dynamin-related protein 1 phosphorylation was diminished and its recruitment to mitochondrial surface was impeded concomitant with the improvement of mitochondrial fragmentation,whereas inhibition of late-stage autophagy caused the failure of 10H2DA in improving mitochondrial fission.Collectively,10H2DA might ameliorate PCOS mice through modulating autophagy-mediated mitochondrial fission dependent on the maintenance of Ca^(2+) homeostasis between ER and mitochondria.
