China’s path to modernization,which embodies a unique developmental model characterized by high-quality development,common prosperity,harmony with nature,and peaceful coexistence,is a multifaceted process that advanc...China’s path to modernization,which embodies a unique developmental model characterized by high-quality development,common prosperity,harmony with nature,and peaceful coexistence,is a multifaceted process that advances progress on multiple fronts.This paper applies two analytical lenses to the study of intergovernmental fiscal relations:multi-level governance,where different levels of government interact,and multi-objective decision-making,where multiple goals are pursued simultaneously.From this perspective,it puts forward three core propositions.First,the evolution of fiscal relations is shaped primarily by the central government’s need to balance incentivization,coordination,and control.Second,these relations are constrained by objective factors such as the output elasticity of loacl government actions,cost coefficients,externalities,and uncertainty.Third,the effectiveness of both central and local governments depends on the design of fiscal relations,as well as on their objectives,the output elasticity of actions,and costs.In essence,effective intergovernmental fiscal relations require a balance between centralized leadership and local initiative.Using this framework,the paper examines how changes in China’s fiscal system have influenced modernization across different historical periods,offering a theoretical model tailored to China’s national context.展开更多
Tax sharing embodies central-local government fiscal relations and tax rates reflect government-market relations.Research on the interactions between tax sharing and tax rates helps uncover the effects of central-loca...Tax sharing embodies central-local government fiscal relations and tax rates reflect government-market relations.Research on the interactions between tax sharing and tax rates helps uncover the effects of central-local fiscal relations on government-market relations.According to our study,China's flexible tax sharing and differential tax rates facing firms are two important typical facts;theoretical analysis discovered that effective corporate tax rates are influenced by local government preferences and tax sharing ratio;empirical analysis found that increasing CIT and VAT sharing ratios for governments at city and county levels led to the reduction of tax evasion and increase of effective tax rates.The above conclusions have revealed the unique mechanism of how government-market relations are influenced by fiscal system,explains the sources of differential tax rates facing Chinese firms,and provides reference for next-step fiscal reform.展开更多
基金supported by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.72373148).
文摘China’s path to modernization,which embodies a unique developmental model characterized by high-quality development,common prosperity,harmony with nature,and peaceful coexistence,is a multifaceted process that advances progress on multiple fronts.This paper applies two analytical lenses to the study of intergovernmental fiscal relations:multi-level governance,where different levels of government interact,and multi-objective decision-making,where multiple goals are pursued simultaneously.From this perspective,it puts forward three core propositions.First,the evolution of fiscal relations is shaped primarily by the central government’s need to balance incentivization,coordination,and control.Second,these relations are constrained by objective factors such as the output elasticity of loacl government actions,cost coefficients,externalities,and uncertainty.Third,the effectiveness of both central and local governments depends on the design of fiscal relations,as well as on their objectives,the output elasticity of actions,and costs.In essence,effective intergovernmental fiscal relations require a balance between centralized leadership and local initiative.Using this framework,the paper examines how changes in China’s fiscal system have influenced modernization across different historical periods,offering a theoretical model tailored to China’s national context.
基金the financial assistance of the Young Social Sciences Talent Sponsorship Program of Beijing Social Sciences Federation(Grant No.QNRC201620)National Natural Sciences Foundation Program(Grant No.71573038)Youth Program of National Natural Sciences Foundation(Grant No.71403278)
文摘Tax sharing embodies central-local government fiscal relations and tax rates reflect government-market relations.Research on the interactions between tax sharing and tax rates helps uncover the effects of central-local fiscal relations on government-market relations.According to our study,China's flexible tax sharing and differential tax rates facing firms are two important typical facts;theoretical analysis discovered that effective corporate tax rates are influenced by local government preferences and tax sharing ratio;empirical analysis found that increasing CIT and VAT sharing ratios for governments at city and county levels led to the reduction of tax evasion and increase of effective tax rates.The above conclusions have revealed the unique mechanism of how government-market relations are influenced by fiscal system,explains the sources of differential tax rates facing Chinese firms,and provides reference for next-step fiscal reform.
