We investigate a class of non-integrable two-particle Calogero-Moser systems modulated by a power-law external potential.The local well-posedness of the Cauchy problem is established under the strict initial separatio...We investigate a class of non-integrable two-particle Calogero-Moser systems modulated by a power-law external potential.The local well-posedness of the Cauchy problem is established under the strict initial separation condition for the particles.For suitably prepared initial configurations,local solutions can be extended globally via energy conservation;conversely,negative energy conditions induce(in)finite-time blowup.The linear(in)stability of stationary solutions is analyzed,with their energy serving as a threshold.Numerical investigations employ a fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme with adaptive step-size control.Simulations demonstrate that the trajectories either converge to steady states or exhibit blowup,depending on the power exponent α and initial conditions.Increasingαaccelerates the convergence rate and dampens oscillatory dynamics,promoting a transition from periodic behavior to static equilibrium.展开更多
In ecological environments,the survival environment of species is often inhomogeneous,and the reproductive process is affected by time delay.System with nonlocal effects and delay can more accurately simulate changes ...In ecological environments,the survival environment of species is often inhomogeneous,and the reproductive process is affected by time delay.System with nonlocal effects and delay can more accurately simulate changes in population density.In this paper,we consider a reaction-diffusion-advection model with nonlocal delay and Dirichlet boundary conditions.First of all,we investigate the well-posedness of solution of model.Then,the existence of positive steady state is proofed by implicit function theorem.Based on a priori estimate for the eigenvalue,we prove the stability of the positive steady state and conclude the associated distribution of Hopf bifurcation.Our research indicates that the combined effects of nonlocal and time delays have a certain impact on the dynamics of the model.展开更多
Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)is widely used for gene expression analysis,but its accuracy critically depends on stable internal reference genes for normalization.In marine invertebrates,especially non-model taxa su...Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)is widely used for gene expression analysis,but its accuracy critically depends on stable internal reference genes for normalization.In marine invertebrates,especially non-model taxa such as cephalopods,systematic evaluation of reference genes is limited,leading to potential bias.The cuttlefish Sepiella japonica is ecologically and economically important in China,yet previous molecular studies have often relied on single unvalidated reference genes,which may compromise data reliability.This study aimed to systematically evaluate the stability of five commonly used reference genes(18S,ef-1α,ef-1γ,gapdh,andβ-actin)across multiple tissues and sexes of S.japonica,and to identify the most suitable reference genes and optimal number for qPCR normalization.Fifteen to sixteen tissue types were collected from ten healthy adults(five males and five females).Total RNA was extracted,reverse-transcribed,and analyzed by qPCR.Gene stability was assessed using four algorithms(geNorm,NormFinder,BestKeeper,andΔCt)integrated with RefFinder,and the optimal gene number was determined using geNorm pairwise variation(V_(n/n+1)<0.15).Four transcriptome-derived genes(creld2,cd109,acy1,and miox)were used for validation.The C_(t)values of the five genes ranged from 15.47 to 20.83.β-actin and gapdh showed pronounced variability in expression stability among tissues and sexes,indicating their limited suitability for normalization.18S exhibited the highest expression(mean C_(t):15.47-16.29)and lowest variability but displayed sex-biased expression,whereas ef-1αand ef-1γremained consistently stable across most tissues in both sexes,with ef-1αbeing the most robust and showing no sex-related bias.Although specific rankings varied among tissues and sexes,the comprehensive results indicated that ef-1αand ef-1γpossessed the highest overall stability,followed by 18S,whileβ-actin and gapdh were the least stable.The final comprehensive rankings were ef-1γ>ef-1α>18S>gapdh>β-actin(male)and ef-1α>ef-1γ>18S>gapdh>β-actin(female).geNorm analysis(V2/3<0.15)indicated that two genes,mainly ef-1αand ef-1γ,were generally sufficient for reliable normalization in most tissues.Validation confirmed that normalization using the stable ef-1αand ef-1γaccurately reflected the expression differences among tissues,whereasβ-actin and gapdh can bias or confound statistical analyses.ef-1αand ef-1γare identified as the most reliable reference gene combination for qPCR analysis in S.japonica,while 18S can serve as an auxiliary gene for within-sex comparisons.The use ofβ-actin or gapdh alone is not recommended.This study establishes a systematic framework for selecting reliable reference genes in S.japonica,thereby facilitating robust qPCR normalization and providing a foundation for future gene expression research in S.japonica and other cephalopods.展开更多
The effect of element Ti on the microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast and annealed NbTaMoWTi,(x=0,1,1.5,2)refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)was investigated.Results show that after Ti addition,the as...The effect of element Ti on the microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast and annealed NbTaMoWTi,(x=0,1,1.5,2)refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)was investigated.Results show that after Ti addition,the as-cast alloys maintain their original single body-centered cubic(bcc)structure.As for the mechanical properties,compared with those without Ti addition,the strength and ductility of NbTaMoWTi,alloys increase by 93%and 215%,respectively.Furthermore,the NbTaMoWTi alloys exhibit outstanding thermal stability.After annealing at 1400 C,they still maintain the single bcc structure,and their mechanical properties are even slightly improved.However,annealing leads to a significant deterioration in the mechanical properties of high-Ti-content alloys(NbTaMoWTil and NbTaMoWTi2),owing to the formation of Ti-rich acicular phases.展开更多
SiC/Al-based composite foams were prepared by a two-step foaming method.The influence of the SiC content and its distribution uniformity on the foaming stability,cell structure,and mechanical properties of the aluminu...SiC/Al-based composite foams were prepared by a two-step foaming method.The influence of the SiC content and its distribution uniformity on the foaming stability,cell structure,and mechanical properties of the aluminum foams was investigated.The macro/micro-features of the aluminum foams were characterized and analyzed.Results demonstrate that an appropriate increase in SiC content and the uniform distribution of SiC can improve the foaming stability,optimize the cell diameter and cell wall thickness,ameliorate the cell distribution,and enhance the hardness and compressive strength of the aluminum foams.However,either insufficient or excessive SiC leads to uneven distribution of SiC particles,which is unfavorable to foaming stability and good cell structure formation.With 6wt%SiC,both the foaming stability and cell structure of the aluminum foam reach the optimal state,resulting in the highest compressive strength and optimal energy absorption capacity.展开更多
The increasing integration of electric vehicle(EV)loads into power systems necessitates understanding their impact on stability.Small-magnitude perturbations,if persistent,can cause low-frequency oscillations,leading ...The increasing integration of electric vehicle(EV)loads into power systems necessitates understanding their impact on stability.Small-magnitude perturbations,if persistent,can cause low-frequency oscillations,leading to synchronism loss and mechanical stress.This work analyzes the effect of voltage-dependent EV loads on this small-signal stability.The study models an EV load within a Single-Machine Infinite Bus(SMIB)system.It specifically evaluates the influence of EV charging through the DC link capacitor of a Unified Power Flow Controller(UPFC),a key device for damping oscillations.The system’s performance is compared to a modified version equipped with both a UPFC and a Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR)controller.Results confirm the significant influence of EV charging on the power network.The analysis demonstrates that the best performance is achieved with the SMIB system utilizing the combined UPFC and LQR controller.This configuration effectively dampens low-frequency oscillations,yielding superior results by reducing the system’s rise time,settling time,and peak overshoot.展开更多
This paper is concerned with the following nonlinear Steklov problemΔu=0 in D,∂vu=λf(u)on∂D,where D is the unit disk in the plane,∂v denotes the unit outward normal derivative.For each k∈N,under some natural condit...This paper is concerned with the following nonlinear Steklov problemΔu=0 in D,∂vu=λf(u)on∂D,where D is the unit disk in the plane,∂v denotes the unit outward normal derivative.For each k∈N,under some natural conditions on f,using the Crandall-Rabinowitz bifurcation theorem,we obtain a bifurcation curve emanating from(k,0).Furthermore,we also analyze the local structure of bifurcation curves and stability of solutions on them.Specifically,our results indicate the bifurcation is critical for each k and is subcritical(supercritical)if f'''(0)>0(f'''(0)<0).展开更多
Backfill is routinely adopted as a ground support measure for underground mines.However,ground stability enhancement by backfill has received limited research attention.This is likely to be because of the conventional...Backfill is routinely adopted as a ground support measure for underground mines.However,ground stability enhancement by backfill has received limited research attention.This is likely to be because of the conventional assumption that the fill material exhibits a significantly lower stiffness than the host rocks.Significantly,a recent pioneering work revealed the time-dependent ground stability around a backfilled stope with vertical walls through numerical modeling.In practice,underground stopes typically exhibit a higher or lower degree of inclination.This alters the stress state in peripheral rocks and may induce severe instability and dilution,particularly in stope-hanging walls.Hence,it is imperative to analyze the time-dependent ground stability of inclined backfilled stopes for backfill structure design.Therefore,comprehensive numerical simulations were performed using FLAC3D to address this knowledge deficiency by incorporating a coupled analysis of the backfill consolidation behavior and long-term creep deformation in surrounding rocks.The ground stability was evaluated based on the confinement effectiveness,strength-stress ratio,stress path relative to the yield surface,and time-dependent stress redistribution in the rocks.A parametric study revealed that the inclination angle of the backfilled stope reduced the confinement effectiveness in the host rocks when the wall creep was minor.This exacerbated the rock mass sloughing potential.However,a backfilled stope with a shallower dip angle achieved superior ground stability enhancement when the creep deformation was substantial,by applying a more significant compression on the backfill and effectively mobilizing its passive support performance during consolidation.Additional simulations were conducted to analyze the effects of stope height and width,mine depth,mechanical properties of rocks,backfill compressibility,and filling gap on the time-dependent stress redistribution and stability around the inclined backfilled stope.展开更多
Selective catalytic reduction with NH3(NH3-SCR)is an important means of NO_(x) abatement from stationary and mobile sources,and the key element is efficient and stable NH3-SCR catalysts.In this study,we propose a meth...Selective catalytic reduction with NH3(NH3-SCR)is an important means of NO_(x) abatement from stationary and mobile sources,and the key element is efficient and stable NH3-SCR catalysts.In this study,we propose a method to construct superior Fe-Beta catalysts based on Al-rich zeolites.This strategy successfully promotes the formation of NH3-SCR-active isolated Fe^(3+)species,thus effectively improving the low-temperature activity of the Fe-Beta catalysts.Thanks to the abundant Brønsted acid sites of the Al-rich zeolite,the Fe_(2)O_(3) particles are redispersed and anchored as isolated Fe^(3+)during hydrothermal aging.This dynamic evolution of Fe species makes up for the adverse effect of dealumination of the Al-rich zeolite framework and achieves high stability for the Al-rich Fe-Beta catalyst.This study may promote the understanding of highly efficient and stable catalyst design using Al-rich zeolites.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effects of binocular fusional C-optotypes(positive/negative)and 2D planar C-optotypes on the amplitude and stability of transient accommodation(TAC)in adults,and to provide a basis for non-conta...AIM:To investigate the effects of binocular fusional C-optotypes(positive/negative)and 2D planar C-optotypes on the amplitude and stability of transient accommodation(TAC)in adults,and to provide a basis for non-contact myopia intervention.METHODS:This was a self-controlled study.Using redblue 3D technology,four experimental stages were set up:Test A[fixating on the 1 m negative fusional C-optotypes,8△base-in(BI)],Test B(fixating on the 5 m planar C-optotypes),Test C(fixating on the 1 m planar C-optotypes),and Test D[fixating on the 1 m positive fusional C-optotypes,20△base-out(BO)].A WAM-5500 open-field autorefractor was used to measure TAC and accommodative microfluctuations[evaluated via interquartile range(IQR)and median-based coefficient of variation(CVmed)].Additionally,the convergence accommodation to convergence(CA/C)ratio was calculated,and a visual fatigue questionnaire was administered to assess participants’subjective visual comfort.RESULTS:A total of 21 subjects(7 males,14 females;aged 23-41y)with normal binocular visual function were enrolled.The results showed that the TAC increased gradually across the four stages,and these values were Test A(-0.35±0.26 D)<Test B(-0.46±0.24 D)<Test C(-0.77±0.32 D)<Test D(-1.38±0.31 D).There were significant overall differences(F=56.136,P<0.001).Compared with Test C,Test A reduced TAC by 0.42 D(P<0.05),while Test D increased it by 0.61 D(P<0.001).There was no significant intergroup difference in accommodative fluctuation amplitude(all P>0.05),but the fluctuation stability of Test D showed a significant difference between the first 20s and the second 20s(P=0.017).The CA/C ratio was significantly higher in Test D(0.05±0.02 D/△)than in Test A(0.03±0.02 D/△,P=0.007),indicating stronger accommodation-convergence linkage during positive fusional fixation.The visual fatigue scores of all stages were low(median 0-1),with Test D slightly higher than Test B and Test C(P<0.05).No linear correlation was found between TAC and age(all r<0.1,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Negative fusional C-optotypes induce ciliary muscle relaxation to reduce TAC,while positive fusional C-optotypes enhance accommodation-convergence coordination to increase TAC.The red-blue 3D-based noncontact training mode exhibits good safety(median visual fatigue scores:0-1 across all tests)and provides a novel dual-directional(relaxation-activation)strategy for myopia prevention and control.展开更多
Single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes)exhibit exceptional catalytic efficiency due to their maximized atom utilization and precisely modulated metalcarrier interactions,which have attracted significant attention in the biomed...Single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes)exhibit exceptional catalytic efficiency due to their maximized atom utilization and precisely modulated metalcarrier interactions,which have attracted significant attention in the biomedical field.However,stability issues may impede the clinical translation of SAzymes.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of SAzymes in various biomedical fields,including disease diagnosis(e.g.,biosensors and diagnostic imaging),antitumor therapy(e.g.,photothermal therapy,photodynamic therapy,sonodynamic therapy,and immunotherapy),antimicrobial therapy,and anti-oxidative stress therapy.More importantly,the existing challenges of SAzymes are discussed,such as metal atom clustering and active site loss,ligand bond breakage at high temperature,insufficient environment tolerance,biosecurity risks,and limited catalytic long-term stability.Finally,several innovative strategies to address these stability concerns are proposed—synthesis process optimization(space-limited strategy,coordination site design,bimetallic synergistic strategy,defect engineering strategy,atom stripping-capture),surface modification,and dynamic responsive design—that collectively pave the way for robust,clinically viable SAzymes.展开更多
In this paper,we are concerned with the stability of traveling wavefronts of a Belousov-Zhabotinsky model with mixed nonlocal and degenerate diffusions.Such a system can be used to study the competition among nonlocal...In this paper,we are concerned with the stability of traveling wavefronts of a Belousov-Zhabotinsky model with mixed nonlocal and degenerate diffusions.Such a system can be used to study the competition among nonlocally diffusive species and degenerately diffusive species.We prove that the traveling wavefronts are exponentially stable,when the initial perturbation around the traveling waves decays exponentially as x→-∞,but in other locations,the initial data can be arbitrarily large.The adopted methods are the weighted energy with the comparison principle and squeezing technique.展开更多
Rock slope instability is a prevalent geological hazard that imposes significant adverse impacts on engineering activities.Although existing studies have focused on homogeneous rock slopes,the theoretical models for q...Rock slope instability is a prevalent geological hazard that imposes significant adverse impacts on engineering activities.Although existing studies have focused on homogeneous rock slopes,the theoretical models for quantifying the stability of softhard interbedded anti-inclined slopes remain underdeveloped,primarily due to the complex force transfer mechanisms involved.This study proposed a novel theoretical model for the stability analysis of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined slopes under rainfall conditions.The framework models stratified rock layers as layered cantilever beams with material heterogeneity.Based on the principle of deformation compatibility,it comprehensively accounted for interlayer force transfer and strength degradation resulting from differential deformations among rock layers.Furthermore,it integrated the critical instability length induced by the self-weight of rock layers to determine the fracture depth.The proposed method was validated against engineering case studies and physical model tests,with error falling within an acceptable range.Compared to existing theoretical methods,the proposed method provided a more realistic representation of the slope's stress field.The analysis results demonstrate that rainfall not only reduces the inclination angle of the failure surface but also leads to an approximate 30%decrease in the safety factor.The proposed theoretical model is particularly useful for quickly calculating the stability of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined rock slope under rainfall conditions,compared to complex and time-consuming numerical simulation calculations.展开更多
Lead-halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have rapidly achieved certified efficiencies>27%,rivaling silicon photovoltaics.However,their commercialization is hindered by intrinsic material challenges:poor operational ...Lead-halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have rapidly achieved certified efficiencies>27%,rivaling silicon photovoltaics.However,their commercialization is hindered by intrinsic material challenges:poor operational stability under moisture,heat,and light;toxic lead leakage from degraded films.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),with their unique framework structure,large specific surface area,high heavy metal capturing capacity,and tunable conductivity,offer promising solutions to these issues.Recent studies have integrated MOFs into PSCs architectures to enhance performance and durability.This comprehensive review begins with an in-depth discussion of the structure,optical properties,electrical characteristics,and stability of MOFs,as well as their theoretical compatibility with perovskites.Subsequently,it provides a detailed analysis of how MOFs enhance charge carrier transport,promote perovskite crystallinity,improve device stability,and suppress lead leakage in PSCs.In summary,this review examines the research progress and potential of integrating MOFs with perovskites to address the critical PSCs challenges of efficiency,instability,and toxicity.展开更多
A design idea for single-component metamaterial plates is proposed to achieve the thermal stability of flexural wave bandgap by the perforated and pre-curved patterns.The band structure analysis suggests that perforat...A design idea for single-component metamaterial plates is proposed to achieve the thermal stability of flexural wave bandgap by the perforated and pre-curved patterns.The band structure analysis suggests that perforation can release part of the in-plane thermal expansion to weaken the softening effect of thermal stress.Introducing precurved components to the perforated structure will stop the decrement of the bandgap frequency in thermal environment,and even make the frequency higher with appropriate structural parameters.The bending stiffness of the heated plate is enhanced by the thermal deflection induced stiffening effect of the pre-curved components.The segmented pre-curved component presents a strong ability to resist the thermal influence on the flexural wave bandgap.A simplified model is established for the local structure of the precurved component.The theoretical calculations explain the thermally induced frequency increment of the bandgap and the discrepancy in the thermal response between the two pre-curved models.The transmittance of flexural wave validates the effectiveness of the proposed design.展开更多
Peri-urban plantations in the Mediterranean are often degraded due to human inactivity and climate change,leading to a loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity.This study investigates the impact of different thinni...Peri-urban plantations in the Mediterranean are often degraded due to human inactivity and climate change,leading to a loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity.This study investigates the impact of different thinning practices on carbon sequestration and tree stability in a degraded periurban plantation in the Italian Apennines,six years after thinning.Three treatments were compared:(a)moderate thinning from below(-25%biomass),representing the typical practice;(b)intense selective thinning(-35%biomass),representing an innovative approach;and(c)no management as the control.Growth projections were used to estimate carbon recovery for these treatments,based on site-specific models calibrated with real data.The results show that both thinning approaches increased carbon sequestration over time,with the innovative thinning achieving a 7%higher annual carbon sequestration rate than traditional thinning and 8%more than the control.Estimated payback times were9 years for recovering the harvested volume in both thinning approaches,10 years for innovative thinning to surpass traditional thinning,17 years for innovative thinning to surpass the control,and 24 years for traditional thinning to surpass the control.Additionally,tree mechanical stability improved significantly in both thinning treatments after two years,with further increases observed in the innovative thinning group after six years.These results suggest that selective thinning can accelerate forest recovery and carbon sequestration,especially in areas with high stem density,where it can reduce the negative impacts of tree mortality and deadwood accumulation.However,careful planning is required to mitigate potential short-term stability is sues,particularly in challenging environments(e.g.,windy conditions,steep slopes).Forest management strategies should therefore aim to balance growth,carbon storage,and tree stability,considering both long-term sustainability and local environmental conditions.The findings are particularly relevant for current climate change mitigation strategies,emphasizing that thinning should be carefully tailored to forest type and conditions to maximize benefits in carbon credit generation and sustainable forest management practices.展开更多
Reducing aerobic spoilage and rumen greenhouse gas emissions from anaerobically fermented feeds remains critical challenges in energy saving and environmental protection of animal husbandry.This study investigated the...Reducing aerobic spoilage and rumen greenhouse gas emissions from anaerobically fermented feeds remains critical challenges in energy saving and environmental protection of animal husbandry.This study investigated the effects of dandelions,both alone and combined with Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri(LAB)on fermentation quality,bacteriome and mycobiome after 180 d of anaerobic and 4 d of aerobic fermentation of whole-plant corn.In vitro dry matter digestion(IVDMD)and gas production from anaerobically fermented whole-plant corn were also assessed.The results demonstrated that dandelions,either alone or combined with LAB,effectively improved fermentation quality by reducing NH_(3)-N concentrations(22.72–25.99%)after anaerobic fermentation,decreasing the proliferation of yeast and molds to enhance the aerobic stability.Notably,the changes in the bacteriome were more pronounced than those in the mycobiome after aerobic exposure.The addition of dandelions or the combination reduced Acetobacter fabarum abundance,a member of the Acetobacter that was spoilage-induced microbe indicated by correlation analysis.Besides,these treatments facilitated competition relations of microbiome which contributed to the enhanced aerobic stability.Furthermore,dandelions reduced CH_(4)and CO_(2)emissions by 14.88 and 13.73%,respectively,and also positively influencing IVDMD by 4.46%.Collectively,dandelion alone or combined with LAB are promising strategies to improve the aerobic stability of anaerobically fermented whole-plant corn,a process linked to the interactions between the bacteriome and mycobiome,and to contribute to clean production by reducing rumen CH_(4)and CO_(2)emissions.展开更多
A model for dynamic frictionless contact between a viscoelastic body and foundation is considered.The viscoelastic constitutive law is assumed to be nonlinear and the contact is modelled with the normal compliance con...A model for dynamic frictionless contact between a viscoelastic body and foundation is considered.The viscoelastic constitutive law is assumed to be nonlinear and the contact is modelled with the normal compliance condition.We obtain the well-posedness using nonlinear semigroup theory arguments.Moreover,the exponential stability result of the solution is shown by using the energy method to produce a suitable Lyapunov function.展开更多
The impact mechanism of vegetation on slope soil water infiltration and stability in the loess areas of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau remains unclear.Understanding this mechanism is crucial for regional ecolo...The impact mechanism of vegetation on slope soil water infiltration and stability in the loess areas of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau remains unclear.Understanding this mechanism is crucial for regional ecological restoration and shallow geological disaster prevention.This study investigated slopes covered by Caragana korshinskii Kom.by employing double-ring infiltration tests to explore the permeability characteristics and influencing factors of root-containing soils and to propose an appropriate infiltration model.Considering the synergistic effects of the canopy and roots,the hydrological response and stability of vegetation-covered slopes under rainfall infiltration conditions were evaluated through numerical simulation analysis.The results revealed that within the main root distribution layer(0-0.5 m),the initial and average infiltration rates and the permeability coefficient of the root-soil composite were significantly higher than those of bare land.Coarse roots with diameters of>5 mm were the key contributors to enhancement of the infiltration capacity.The dry density,fine particle content,and initial water content of the soil around the roots were negatively correlated with the infiltration process.The Horton model effectively reproduced the infiltration process under the canopy and on bare land.The roots significantly accelerated the advance of the slope wetting front during rainfall infiltration,whereas the canopy delayed its onset and progression.The rainfall infiltration process on vegetation-covered slopes was divided into three stages:the equilibrium infiltration stage,optimal infiltration stage beneath the canopy,and secondary equilibrium stage.Vegetation enhances slope stability through coupling of the canopy and root,with an order of canopy-root mode>root mode>bare slope.Under heavy rainfall conditions,the direct contribution of canopy interception to slope stability is limited,and its primary role is to delay the occurrence of instability.During this period,the mechanical effect of roots becomes the dominant mechanism in slope protection.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation in the functional recovery of patients suffering from chronic low back pain.[Methods]A randomized c...[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation in the functional recovery of patients suffering from chronic low back pain.[Methods]A randomized controlled trial design was employed in this study.Ninety patients with chronic low back pain were recruited and randomly assigned to either a control group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation,or an experimental group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation combined with core stability training.Both groups underwent treatment for 6 weeks.Assessments were conducted using the visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),and finger-to-floor test prior to treatment,6 weeks following treatment,and during the follow-up period,respectively.[Results]Prior to treatment,no statistically significant differences were observed between the two patient groups in terms of general information and various baseline measurements(P>0.05).Following 6 weeks of treatment and throughout the follow-up period,both groups demonstrated significant improvements in VAS scores,ODI scores,and lumbar anteflexion range of motion compared to baseline measurements(P<0.05).Notably,the magnitude of improvement in the experimental group exceeded that of the control group,with this inter-group difference reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).No serious adverse reactions were reported during the treatment process.[Conclusions]Core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation can significantly enhance the alleviation of pain and functional impairments in patients suffering from chronic low back pain.This approach holds valuable implications for the optimization of rehabilitation treatment protocols.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(12201118)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515010706)。
文摘We investigate a class of non-integrable two-particle Calogero-Moser systems modulated by a power-law external potential.The local well-posedness of the Cauchy problem is established under the strict initial separation condition for the particles.For suitably prepared initial configurations,local solutions can be extended globally via energy conservation;conversely,negative energy conditions induce(in)finite-time blowup.The linear(in)stability of stationary solutions is analyzed,with their energy serving as a threshold.Numerical investigations employ a fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme with adaptive step-size control.Simulations demonstrate that the trajectories either converge to steady states or exhibit blowup,depending on the power exponent α and initial conditions.Increasingαaccelerates the convergence rate and dampens oscillatory dynamics,promoting a transition from periodic behavior to static equilibrium.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1401700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(12471157)。
文摘In ecological environments,the survival environment of species is often inhomogeneous,and the reproductive process is affected by time delay.System with nonlocal effects and delay can more accurately simulate changes in population density.In this paper,we consider a reaction-diffusion-advection model with nonlocal delay and Dirichlet boundary conditions.First of all,we investigate the well-posedness of solution of model.Then,the existence of positive steady state is proofed by implicit function theorem.Based on a priori estimate for the eigenvalue,we prove the stability of the positive steady state and conclude the associated distribution of Hopf bifurcation.Our research indicates that the combined effects of nonlocal and time delays have a certain impact on the dynamics of the model.
文摘Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)is widely used for gene expression analysis,but its accuracy critically depends on stable internal reference genes for normalization.In marine invertebrates,especially non-model taxa such as cephalopods,systematic evaluation of reference genes is limited,leading to potential bias.The cuttlefish Sepiella japonica is ecologically and economically important in China,yet previous molecular studies have often relied on single unvalidated reference genes,which may compromise data reliability.This study aimed to systematically evaluate the stability of five commonly used reference genes(18S,ef-1α,ef-1γ,gapdh,andβ-actin)across multiple tissues and sexes of S.japonica,and to identify the most suitable reference genes and optimal number for qPCR normalization.Fifteen to sixteen tissue types were collected from ten healthy adults(five males and five females).Total RNA was extracted,reverse-transcribed,and analyzed by qPCR.Gene stability was assessed using four algorithms(geNorm,NormFinder,BestKeeper,andΔCt)integrated with RefFinder,and the optimal gene number was determined using geNorm pairwise variation(V_(n/n+1)<0.15).Four transcriptome-derived genes(creld2,cd109,acy1,and miox)were used for validation.The C_(t)values of the five genes ranged from 15.47 to 20.83.β-actin and gapdh showed pronounced variability in expression stability among tissues and sexes,indicating their limited suitability for normalization.18S exhibited the highest expression(mean C_(t):15.47-16.29)and lowest variability but displayed sex-biased expression,whereas ef-1αand ef-1γremained consistently stable across most tissues in both sexes,with ef-1αbeing the most robust and showing no sex-related bias.Although specific rankings varied among tissues and sexes,the comprehensive results indicated that ef-1αand ef-1γpossessed the highest overall stability,followed by 18S,whileβ-actin and gapdh were the least stable.The final comprehensive rankings were ef-1γ>ef-1α>18S>gapdh>β-actin(male)and ef-1α>ef-1γ>18S>gapdh>β-actin(female).geNorm analysis(V2/3<0.15)indicated that two genes,mainly ef-1αand ef-1γ,were generally sufficient for reliable normalization in most tissues.Validation confirmed that normalization using the stable ef-1αand ef-1γaccurately reflected the expression differences among tissues,whereasβ-actin and gapdh can bias or confound statistical analyses.ef-1αand ef-1γare identified as the most reliable reference gene combination for qPCR analysis in S.japonica,while 18S can serve as an auxiliary gene for within-sex comparisons.The use ofβ-actin or gapdh alone is not recommended.This study establishes a systematic framework for selecting reliable reference genes in S.japonica,thereby facilitating robust qPCR normalization and providing a foundation for future gene expression research in S.japonica and other cephalopods.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51774179)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(20180550546)+2 种基金Joint Fund of State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application(HGSKL-USTLN(2021)03)High-Level Talent Fund of USTL(6003000377,6003000294)supported by Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(LJ212410146037)。
文摘The effect of element Ti on the microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast and annealed NbTaMoWTi,(x=0,1,1.5,2)refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)was investigated.Results show that after Ti addition,the as-cast alloys maintain their original single body-centered cubic(bcc)structure.As for the mechanical properties,compared with those without Ti addition,the strength and ductility of NbTaMoWTi,alloys increase by 93%and 215%,respectively.Furthermore,the NbTaMoWTi alloys exhibit outstanding thermal stability.After annealing at 1400 C,they still maintain the single bcc structure,and their mechanical properties are even slightly improved.However,annealing leads to a significant deterioration in the mechanical properties of high-Ti-content alloys(NbTaMoWTil and NbTaMoWTi2),owing to the formation of Ti-rich acicular phases.
基金Doctoral Startup Fund(20192066,20212028)Laijin Excellent Doctoral Fund(20202021)+1 种基金Scientific and Technological Innovation of Colleges and Universities in Shanxi Province(2020L0342)Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202303021222178)。
文摘SiC/Al-based composite foams were prepared by a two-step foaming method.The influence of the SiC content and its distribution uniformity on the foaming stability,cell structure,and mechanical properties of the aluminum foams was investigated.The macro/micro-features of the aluminum foams were characterized and analyzed.Results demonstrate that an appropriate increase in SiC content and the uniform distribution of SiC can improve the foaming stability,optimize the cell diameter and cell wall thickness,ameliorate the cell distribution,and enhance the hardness and compressive strength of the aluminum foams.However,either insufficient or excessive SiC leads to uneven distribution of SiC particles,which is unfavorable to foaming stability and good cell structure formation.With 6wt%SiC,both the foaming stability and cell structure of the aluminum foam reach the optimal state,resulting in the highest compressive strength and optimal energy absorption capacity.
文摘The increasing integration of electric vehicle(EV)loads into power systems necessitates understanding their impact on stability.Small-magnitude perturbations,if persistent,can cause low-frequency oscillations,leading to synchronism loss and mechanical stress.This work analyzes the effect of voltage-dependent EV loads on this small-signal stability.The study models an EV load within a Single-Machine Infinite Bus(SMIB)system.It specifically evaluates the influence of EV charging through the DC link capacitor of a Unified Power Flow Controller(UPFC),a key device for damping oscillations.The system’s performance is compared to a modified version equipped with both a UPFC and a Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR)controller.Results confirm the significant influence of EV charging on the power network.The analysis demonstrates that the best performance is achieved with the SMIB system utilizing the combined UPFC and LQR controller.This configuration effectively dampens low-frequency oscillations,yielding superior results by reducing the system’s rise time,settling time,and peak overshoot.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12371110).
文摘This paper is concerned with the following nonlinear Steklov problemΔu=0 in D,∂vu=λf(u)on∂D,where D is the unit disk in the plane,∂v denotes the unit outward normal derivative.For each k∈N,under some natural conditions on f,using the Crandall-Rabinowitz bifurcation theorem,we obtain a bifurcation curve emanating from(k,0).Furthermore,we also analyze the local structure of bifurcation curves and stability of solutions on them.Specifically,our results indicate the bifurcation is critical for each k and is subcritical(supercritical)if f'''(0)>0(f'''(0)<0).
基金funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52304101 and 52204153)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023MD734215)+2 种基金the Youth Talent Support Program of Xi’an Association for Science and Technology(No.959202413070)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(No.2023-LL-QY-07)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang(No.2023C03182).
文摘Backfill is routinely adopted as a ground support measure for underground mines.However,ground stability enhancement by backfill has received limited research attention.This is likely to be because of the conventional assumption that the fill material exhibits a significantly lower stiffness than the host rocks.Significantly,a recent pioneering work revealed the time-dependent ground stability around a backfilled stope with vertical walls through numerical modeling.In practice,underground stopes typically exhibit a higher or lower degree of inclination.This alters the stress state in peripheral rocks and may induce severe instability and dilution,particularly in stope-hanging walls.Hence,it is imperative to analyze the time-dependent ground stability of inclined backfilled stopes for backfill structure design.Therefore,comprehensive numerical simulations were performed using FLAC3D to address this knowledge deficiency by incorporating a coupled analysis of the backfill consolidation behavior and long-term creep deformation in surrounding rocks.The ground stability was evaluated based on the confinement effectiveness,strength-stress ratio,stress path relative to the yield surface,and time-dependent stress redistribution in the rocks.A parametric study revealed that the inclination angle of the backfilled stope reduced the confinement effectiveness in the host rocks when the wall creep was minor.This exacerbated the rock mass sloughing potential.However,a backfilled stope with a shallower dip angle achieved superior ground stability enhancement when the creep deformation was substantial,by applying a more significant compression on the backfill and effectively mobilizing its passive support performance during consolidation.Additional simulations were conducted to analyze the effects of stope height and width,mine depth,mechanical properties of rocks,backfill compressibility,and filling gap on the time-dependent stress redistribution and stability around the inclined backfilled stope.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC3707200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22306191 and 52270112).
文摘Selective catalytic reduction with NH3(NH3-SCR)is an important means of NO_(x) abatement from stationary and mobile sources,and the key element is efficient and stable NH3-SCR catalysts.In this study,we propose a method to construct superior Fe-Beta catalysts based on Al-rich zeolites.This strategy successfully promotes the formation of NH3-SCR-active isolated Fe^(3+)species,thus effectively improving the low-temperature activity of the Fe-Beta catalysts.Thanks to the abundant Brønsted acid sites of the Al-rich zeolite,the Fe_(2)O_(3) particles are redispersed and anchored as isolated Fe^(3+)during hydrothermal aging.This dynamic evolution of Fe species makes up for the adverse effect of dealumination of the Al-rich zeolite framework and achieves high stability for the Al-rich Fe-Beta catalyst.This study may promote the understanding of highly efficient and stable catalyst design using Al-rich zeolites.
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of binocular fusional C-optotypes(positive/negative)and 2D planar C-optotypes on the amplitude and stability of transient accommodation(TAC)in adults,and to provide a basis for non-contact myopia intervention.METHODS:This was a self-controlled study.Using redblue 3D technology,four experimental stages were set up:Test A[fixating on the 1 m negative fusional C-optotypes,8△base-in(BI)],Test B(fixating on the 5 m planar C-optotypes),Test C(fixating on the 1 m planar C-optotypes),and Test D[fixating on the 1 m positive fusional C-optotypes,20△base-out(BO)].A WAM-5500 open-field autorefractor was used to measure TAC and accommodative microfluctuations[evaluated via interquartile range(IQR)and median-based coefficient of variation(CVmed)].Additionally,the convergence accommodation to convergence(CA/C)ratio was calculated,and a visual fatigue questionnaire was administered to assess participants’subjective visual comfort.RESULTS:A total of 21 subjects(7 males,14 females;aged 23-41y)with normal binocular visual function were enrolled.The results showed that the TAC increased gradually across the four stages,and these values were Test A(-0.35±0.26 D)<Test B(-0.46±0.24 D)<Test C(-0.77±0.32 D)<Test D(-1.38±0.31 D).There were significant overall differences(F=56.136,P<0.001).Compared with Test C,Test A reduced TAC by 0.42 D(P<0.05),while Test D increased it by 0.61 D(P<0.001).There was no significant intergroup difference in accommodative fluctuation amplitude(all P>0.05),but the fluctuation stability of Test D showed a significant difference between the first 20s and the second 20s(P=0.017).The CA/C ratio was significantly higher in Test D(0.05±0.02 D/△)than in Test A(0.03±0.02 D/△,P=0.007),indicating stronger accommodation-convergence linkage during positive fusional fixation.The visual fatigue scores of all stages were low(median 0-1),with Test D slightly higher than Test B and Test C(P<0.05).No linear correlation was found between TAC and age(all r<0.1,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Negative fusional C-optotypes induce ciliary muscle relaxation to reduce TAC,while positive fusional C-optotypes enhance accommodation-convergence coordination to increase TAC.The red-blue 3D-based noncontact training mode exhibits good safety(median visual fatigue scores:0-1 across all tests)and provides a novel dual-directional(relaxation-activation)strategy for myopia prevention and control.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[82003956]the National Key Research and Development Program of China[No.2022YFA1205802]+2 种基金financially supported by Henan Province Health Science and Technology Innovation Youth Talent Project(YQRC2023013 and YQRC2024013)the Key Project of Medical Science and Technology of Henan Province(SBGJ202302072)the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(252102311236).
文摘Single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes)exhibit exceptional catalytic efficiency due to their maximized atom utilization and precisely modulated metalcarrier interactions,which have attracted significant attention in the biomedical field.However,stability issues may impede the clinical translation of SAzymes.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of SAzymes in various biomedical fields,including disease diagnosis(e.g.,biosensors and diagnostic imaging),antitumor therapy(e.g.,photothermal therapy,photodynamic therapy,sonodynamic therapy,and immunotherapy),antimicrobial therapy,and anti-oxidative stress therapy.More importantly,the existing challenges of SAzymes are discussed,such as metal atom clustering and active site loss,ligand bond breakage at high temperature,insufficient environment tolerance,biosecurity risks,and limited catalytic long-term stability.Finally,several innovative strategies to address these stability concerns are proposed—synthesis process optimization(space-limited strategy,coordination site design,bimetallic synergistic strategy,defect engineering strategy,atom stripping-capture),surface modification,and dynamic responsive design—that collectively pave the way for robust,clinically viable SAzymes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12261081).
文摘In this paper,we are concerned with the stability of traveling wavefronts of a Belousov-Zhabotinsky model with mixed nonlocal and degenerate diffusions.Such a system can be used to study the competition among nonlocally diffusive species and degenerately diffusive species.We prove that the traveling wavefronts are exponentially stable,when the initial perturbation around the traveling waves decays exponentially as x→-∞,but in other locations,the initial data can be arbitrarily large.The adopted methods are the weighted energy with the comparison principle and squeezing technique.
基金supported by the Chongqing Water Conservancy Science and Technology Project(grant number:CQSLK-202329)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(grant number:CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0991)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:52378327)the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation Innovation Development Joint Fund(grant number:CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0049)。
文摘Rock slope instability is a prevalent geological hazard that imposes significant adverse impacts on engineering activities.Although existing studies have focused on homogeneous rock slopes,the theoretical models for quantifying the stability of softhard interbedded anti-inclined slopes remain underdeveloped,primarily due to the complex force transfer mechanisms involved.This study proposed a novel theoretical model for the stability analysis of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined slopes under rainfall conditions.The framework models stratified rock layers as layered cantilever beams with material heterogeneity.Based on the principle of deformation compatibility,it comprehensively accounted for interlayer force transfer and strength degradation resulting from differential deformations among rock layers.Furthermore,it integrated the critical instability length induced by the self-weight of rock layers to determine the fracture depth.The proposed method was validated against engineering case studies and physical model tests,with error falling within an acceptable range.Compared to existing theoretical methods,the proposed method provided a more realistic representation of the slope's stress field.The analysis results demonstrate that rainfall not only reduces the inclination angle of the failure surface but also leads to an approximate 30%decrease in the safety factor.The proposed theoretical model is particularly useful for quickly calculating the stability of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined rock slope under rainfall conditions,compared to complex and time-consuming numerical simulation calculations.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science foundation of China(grants nos.52272176)。
文摘Lead-halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have rapidly achieved certified efficiencies>27%,rivaling silicon photovoltaics.However,their commercialization is hindered by intrinsic material challenges:poor operational stability under moisture,heat,and light;toxic lead leakage from degraded films.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),with their unique framework structure,large specific surface area,high heavy metal capturing capacity,and tunable conductivity,offer promising solutions to these issues.Recent studies have integrated MOFs into PSCs architectures to enhance performance and durability.This comprehensive review begins with an in-depth discussion of the structure,optical properties,electrical characteristics,and stability of MOFs,as well as their theoretical compatibility with perovskites.Subsequently,it provides a detailed analysis of how MOFs enhance charge carrier transport,promote perovskite crystallinity,improve device stability,and suppress lead leakage in PSCs.In summary,this review examines the research progress and potential of integrating MOFs with perovskites to address the critical PSCs challenges of efficiency,instability,and toxicity.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12102321 and 52192633)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(No.2025JCYBMS-050)。
文摘A design idea for single-component metamaterial plates is proposed to achieve the thermal stability of flexural wave bandgap by the perforated and pre-curved patterns.The band structure analysis suggests that perforation can release part of the in-plane thermal expansion to weaken the softening effect of thermal stress.Introducing precurved components to the perforated structure will stop the decrement of the bandgap frequency in thermal environment,and even make the frequency higher with appropriate structural parameters.The bending stiffness of the heated plate is enhanced by the thermal deflection induced stiffening effect of the pre-curved components.The segmented pre-curved component presents a strong ability to resist the thermal influence on the flexural wave bandgap.A simplified model is established for the local structure of the precurved component.The theoretical calculations explain the thermally induced frequency increment of the bandgap and the discrepancy in the thermal response between the two pre-curved models.The transmittance of flexural wave validates the effectiveness of the proposed design.
基金supported initially by the LIFE FoResMit Project(LIFE14 CCM/IT/000905)。
文摘Peri-urban plantations in the Mediterranean are often degraded due to human inactivity and climate change,leading to a loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity.This study investigates the impact of different thinning practices on carbon sequestration and tree stability in a degraded periurban plantation in the Italian Apennines,six years after thinning.Three treatments were compared:(a)moderate thinning from below(-25%biomass),representing the typical practice;(b)intense selective thinning(-35%biomass),representing an innovative approach;and(c)no management as the control.Growth projections were used to estimate carbon recovery for these treatments,based on site-specific models calibrated with real data.The results show that both thinning approaches increased carbon sequestration over time,with the innovative thinning achieving a 7%higher annual carbon sequestration rate than traditional thinning and 8%more than the control.Estimated payback times were9 years for recovering the harvested volume in both thinning approaches,10 years for innovative thinning to surpass traditional thinning,17 years for innovative thinning to surpass the control,and 24 years for traditional thinning to surpass the control.Additionally,tree mechanical stability improved significantly in both thinning treatments after two years,with further increases observed in the innovative thinning group after six years.These results suggest that selective thinning can accelerate forest recovery and carbon sequestration,especially in areas with high stem density,where it can reduce the negative impacts of tree mortality and deadwood accumulation.However,careful planning is required to mitigate potential short-term stability is sues,particularly in challenging environments(e.g.,windy conditions,steep slopes).Forest management strategies should therefore aim to balance growth,carbon storage,and tree stability,considering both long-term sustainability and local environmental conditions.The findings are particularly relevant for current climate change mitigation strategies,emphasizing that thinning should be carefully tailored to forest type and conditions to maximize benefits in carbon credit generation and sustainable forest management practices.
基金supported by the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project,China(242102111014)the Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province,China(23A230003)the Cultivation Program for Young Key Teachers and the Scientific Research Foundation for High-level Talents in Henan University of Technology,China(31401489)。
文摘Reducing aerobic spoilage and rumen greenhouse gas emissions from anaerobically fermented feeds remains critical challenges in energy saving and environmental protection of animal husbandry.This study investigated the effects of dandelions,both alone and combined with Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri(LAB)on fermentation quality,bacteriome and mycobiome after 180 d of anaerobic and 4 d of aerobic fermentation of whole-plant corn.In vitro dry matter digestion(IVDMD)and gas production from anaerobically fermented whole-plant corn were also assessed.The results demonstrated that dandelions,either alone or combined with LAB,effectively improved fermentation quality by reducing NH_(3)-N concentrations(22.72–25.99%)after anaerobic fermentation,decreasing the proliferation of yeast and molds to enhance the aerobic stability.Notably,the changes in the bacteriome were more pronounced than those in the mycobiome after aerobic exposure.The addition of dandelions or the combination reduced Acetobacter fabarum abundance,a member of the Acetobacter that was spoilage-induced microbe indicated by correlation analysis.Besides,these treatments facilitated competition relations of microbiome which contributed to the enhanced aerobic stability.Furthermore,dandelions reduced CH_(4)and CO_(2)emissions by 14.88 and 13.73%,respectively,and also positively influencing IVDMD by 4.46%.Collectively,dandelion alone or combined with LAB are promising strategies to improve the aerobic stability of anaerobically fermented whole-plant corn,a process linked to the interactions between the bacteriome and mycobiome,and to contribute to clean production by reducing rumen CH_(4)and CO_(2)emissions.
文摘A model for dynamic frictionless contact between a viscoelastic body and foundation is considered.The viscoelastic constitutive law is assumed to be nonlinear and the contact is modelled with the normal compliance condition.We obtain the well-posedness using nonlinear semigroup theory arguments.Moreover,the exponential stability result of the solution is shown by using the energy method to produce a suitable Lyapunov function.
基金funded by Science and Technology Program of Qinghai Province of China(2024-SF-129)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42002283).
文摘The impact mechanism of vegetation on slope soil water infiltration and stability in the loess areas of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau remains unclear.Understanding this mechanism is crucial for regional ecological restoration and shallow geological disaster prevention.This study investigated slopes covered by Caragana korshinskii Kom.by employing double-ring infiltration tests to explore the permeability characteristics and influencing factors of root-containing soils and to propose an appropriate infiltration model.Considering the synergistic effects of the canopy and roots,the hydrological response and stability of vegetation-covered slopes under rainfall infiltration conditions were evaluated through numerical simulation analysis.The results revealed that within the main root distribution layer(0-0.5 m),the initial and average infiltration rates and the permeability coefficient of the root-soil composite were significantly higher than those of bare land.Coarse roots with diameters of>5 mm were the key contributors to enhancement of the infiltration capacity.The dry density,fine particle content,and initial water content of the soil around the roots were negatively correlated with the infiltration process.The Horton model effectively reproduced the infiltration process under the canopy and on bare land.The roots significantly accelerated the advance of the slope wetting front during rainfall infiltration,whereas the canopy delayed its onset and progression.The rainfall infiltration process on vegetation-covered slopes was divided into three stages:the equilibrium infiltration stage,optimal infiltration stage beneath the canopy,and secondary equilibrium stage.Vegetation enhances slope stability through coupling of the canopy and root,with an order of canopy-root mode>root mode>bare slope.Under heavy rainfall conditions,the direct contribution of canopy interception to slope stability is limited,and its primary role is to delay the occurrence of instability.During this period,the mechanical effect of roots becomes the dominant mechanism in slope protection.
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation in the functional recovery of patients suffering from chronic low back pain.[Methods]A randomized controlled trial design was employed in this study.Ninety patients with chronic low back pain were recruited and randomly assigned to either a control group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation,or an experimental group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation combined with core stability training.Both groups underwent treatment for 6 weeks.Assessments were conducted using the visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),and finger-to-floor test prior to treatment,6 weeks following treatment,and during the follow-up period,respectively.[Results]Prior to treatment,no statistically significant differences were observed between the two patient groups in terms of general information and various baseline measurements(P>0.05).Following 6 weeks of treatment and throughout the follow-up period,both groups demonstrated significant improvements in VAS scores,ODI scores,and lumbar anteflexion range of motion compared to baseline measurements(P<0.05).Notably,the magnitude of improvement in the experimental group exceeded that of the control group,with this inter-group difference reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).No serious adverse reactions were reported during the treatment process.[Conclusions]Core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation can significantly enhance the alleviation of pain and functional impairments in patients suffering from chronic low back pain.This approach holds valuable implications for the optimization of rehabilitation treatment protocols.
