Objective:To examine the effect of upright and ambulant positions versus lying down during the active first stage of labor on birth outcomes for nulliparous women.Methods:This is a randomized controlled clinical trial...Objective:To examine the effect of upright and ambulant positions versus lying down during the active first stage of labor on birth outcomes for nulliparous women.Methods:This is a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at the delivery department of Damanhour Educational Institute,El Behira Governorate,Egypt.The study sample involved 150 parturient women equally divided into intervention and control groups using randomization block technique.The researchers used four tools for data collection:Demographic data interview schedule,World Health Organization Partograph,Apgar’s score,to evaluate neonatal outcomes,and visual analogue pain intensity scale.For the study group,the parturient women were encouraged to assume one of the upright positions or ambulating around the bed so as to maintain the pelvis in vertical plane as far as possible for 20-25 min for every 1 h.The control group received routine hospital care,which includes lying down in bed.IBM SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze the data.Results:Significant differences(P<0.05)were observed between the study and control groups in relation to cervical dilation,fetal head descent,uterine contractions interval,and frequency.The duration of the first stage of labor significantly reduced(P=0.018)in the intervention group compared with control group.No significant differences(P>0.05)were observed between both groups in term of emergency cesarean birth rates,oxytocin use,and neonatal outcomes.Conclusions:This study proves that upright and ambulant positions significantly enhance uterine contractility,cervical dilatation,and fetal head descent and reduce the first stage duration.展开更多
It is well known that there is abundant water resources in basin of the Yangtze River, the first largest river in China, which is mainly located in Southern China. However, water resources is very scarce in the basin ...It is well known that there is abundant water resources in basin of the Yangtze River, the first largest river in China, which is mainly located in Southern China. However, water resources is very scarce in the basin of the Yellow River, which is mainly located in Northern China. So the western route project of south-north water transfer scheme （WRP-SNWTS） aims to transfer water from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River. The area of WRP-SNWT, located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the main areas of Sichuan and the marginal areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, has sufficient water resources but fragile ecology and environment. Therefore, it is necessary for WRP-SNWT to analyze the ecology water required. Based on the planning principles of from low elevation to high elevation, from small to large, from short to long and from easy to difficulty, the WRP-SNWT will be constructed through three stage projects. The western route first stage project of the south-north water transfer scheme （WRFST-SNWTS） is planned to transfer 4×10^9m^3/a from six tributaries of the Yalong river and from Dadu river to Jiaqu of Yellow River.. Daqu river and Niqu river are the branches of Xianshui river. Sequ river, Duke river, Make river and Ake river are the branches of Dadu river, which account for 65-70% of the total river run-off. It need more research and the rest run-off can satisfy channel ecology water required. According to analysis ecological water required which mainly satisfy for aquicolous biology in water-exporting region, such as low air temperature. Fish and aquicolous biology main living from May to August, and rivers are iced up from December to March of next year, ecology water required mainly for fish and aquicolous biology. The flow criterion of Tennant method is modified. The ecology water required of WRFSP-SNWTS is estimated by the flow data of Zhuwo gauging station, Zhuba gauging station, Chuosijia gauging station and Zumuzu gauging station. The result show that the ecology water required calculated by modified Tennant less 1 l percent than that of Tennant. This estimating result can supply more water resources for transferring to Yellow River. Meanwhile, this can supply gist for research transferring water of WRFSP-SNWTS.展开更多
Objective：To observe the effect of acupoint Sanyinjiao（SP6） moxibustion（S-Mox） on the duration of the first labor stage and uterine contractive pain in primiparae.Methods：Sixty primipara women in labor were equa...Objective：To observe the effect of acupoint Sanyinjiao（SP6） moxibustion（S-Mox） on the duration of the first labor stage and uterine contractive pain in primiparae.Methods：Sixty primipara women in labor were equally assigned according to their choice to three groups：women in the S-Mox group received bilateral S-Mox for 30 min,women in the non-acupoint group received moxibustion（Mox） applied on non-acupoints for 30 min,and those in the control group did not receive Mox intervention.The duration of the first labor stage was recorded and the degree of labor pain was estimated by a visual analogue scale（VAS） before and after Mox. Results：The duration of the first stage active phase in the S-Mox group was significantly shorter than that in the other two groups（P0.05,P0.01）;the VAS score after Mox was lower in the S-Mox group,showing a statistical difference in comparison with the control group（P0.05）.Conclusions：Applying S-Mox could markedly shorten the active phase of the first stage of labor and lower the VAS score of uterine contractive pain,which means alleviating the pain caused by vaginal delivery.Its mechanism is worthy of further study.展开更多
目的研究间苯三酚在第一产程宫颈水肿产妇中的应用效果。方法回顾性选取邳州东大医院2024年1月至2025年2月收治的84例第一产程宫颈水肿产妇,依据治疗方案不同分为两组,每组42例。常规组予以阿托品治疗,治疗组予以间苯三酚治疗,对比两组...目的研究间苯三酚在第一产程宫颈水肿产妇中的应用效果。方法回顾性选取邳州东大医院2024年1月至2025年2月收治的84例第一产程宫颈水肿产妇,依据治疗方案不同分为两组,每组42例。常规组予以阿托品治疗,治疗组予以间苯三酚治疗,对比两组临床疗效、宫口扩张情况(宫口扩张速度、宫口全开时间)、产程、产后出血量、新生儿结局(1、5 min Apgar评分、新生儿窒息发生率)。结果治疗组总有效率高于常规组(P<0.05);治疗组宫口扩张速度大于常规组,宫口全开时间短于常规组(P<0.05);治疗组各产程短于常规组,产后2、24 h出血量少于常规组(P<0.05);治疗组新生儿1、5 min Apgar评分高于常规组,新生儿窒息发生率低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论间苯三酚治疗第一产程宫颈水肿的临床疗效确切,能够促进宫口扩张,缩短产程,减少产后出血,改善新生儿结局。展开更多
We investigated the compensatory trends of mesiodistal angulation of first molars in malocclusion cases. We compared differences in the angulation of first molars in different developmental stages, malocclusion classi...We investigated the compensatory trends of mesiodistal angulation of first molars in malocclusion cases. We compared differences in the angulation of first molars in different developmental stages, malocclusion classifications and skeletal patterns. The medical records and lateral cephalogrammes of 1 403 malocclusion cases taken before treatment were measured to evaluate compensation of molar angulation in relation to the skeletal jaw. The cases were stratified by age, Angle classification and skeletal patterns. Differences in the mesiodistal angulation of the first molars were compared among the stratifications. We observed three main phenomena. First,angulation of the upper first molar varied significantly with age and tipped most distally in cases aged,12 years and least distally in cases aged.16 years. The lower first molar did not show such differences. Second, in Angle Class II or skeletal Class II cases, the upper first molar was the most distally tipped, the lower first molar was the most mesially tipped, and opposite angulation compensation was observed in Class III cases. Third, in high-angle cases, the upper and lower first molars were the most distally tipped, and opposite angulation compensation was observed in low-angle cases. These data suggest that the angulation of the molars compensated for various growth patterns and malocclusion types. Hence, awareness of molar angulation compensation would help to adjust occlusal relationships, control anchorage and increase the chances of long-term stability.展开更多
All normal children,with their body development and the influence of environment,could naturally use their mother tongue to interact with other language-users at about 6 years old.During this time,they need no formal ...All normal children,with their body development and the influence of environment,could naturally use their mother tongue to interact with other language-users at about 6 years old.During this time,they need no formal instruction to acquire the first language,and it seems that there is some'innate'predisposition in the human infant to acquire language.This paper attempts to explore the com mon features that children share when they are in the process of developing language with the support of data from CHILDES(Child Lan guage Data Exchange System),and explain how child learn language.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a log-normal linear model whose errors are first-order correlated, and suggest a two-stage method for the efficient estimation of the conditional mean of the response variable at the original...In this paper, we propose a log-normal linear model whose errors are first-order correlated, and suggest a two-stage method for the efficient estimation of the conditional mean of the response variable at the original scale. We obtain two estimators which minimize the asymptotic mean squared error （MM） and the asymptotic bias （MB）, respectively. Both the estimators are very easy to implement, and simulation studies show that they are perform better.展开更多
文摘Objective:To examine the effect of upright and ambulant positions versus lying down during the active first stage of labor on birth outcomes for nulliparous women.Methods:This is a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at the delivery department of Damanhour Educational Institute,El Behira Governorate,Egypt.The study sample involved 150 parturient women equally divided into intervention and control groups using randomization block technique.The researchers used four tools for data collection:Demographic data interview schedule,World Health Organization Partograph,Apgar’s score,to evaluate neonatal outcomes,and visual analogue pain intensity scale.For the study group,the parturient women were encouraged to assume one of the upright positions or ambulating around the bed so as to maintain the pelvis in vertical plane as far as possible for 20-25 min for every 1 h.The control group received routine hospital care,which includes lying down in bed.IBM SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze the data.Results:Significant differences(P<0.05)were observed between the study and control groups in relation to cervical dilation,fetal head descent,uterine contractions interval,and frequency.The duration of the first stage of labor significantly reduced(P=0.018)in the intervention group compared with control group.No significant differences(P>0.05)were observed between both groups in term of emergency cesarean birth rates,oxytocin use,and neonatal outcomes.Conclusions:This study proves that upright and ambulant positions significantly enhance uterine contractility,cervical dilatation,and fetal head descent and reduce the first stage duration.
文摘It is well known that there is abundant water resources in basin of the Yangtze River, the first largest river in China, which is mainly located in Southern China. However, water resources is very scarce in the basin of the Yellow River, which is mainly located in Northern China. So the western route project of south-north water transfer scheme （WRP-SNWTS） aims to transfer water from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River. The area of WRP-SNWT, located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the main areas of Sichuan and the marginal areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, has sufficient water resources but fragile ecology and environment. Therefore, it is necessary for WRP-SNWT to analyze the ecology water required. Based on the planning principles of from low elevation to high elevation, from small to large, from short to long and from easy to difficulty, the WRP-SNWT will be constructed through three stage projects. The western route first stage project of the south-north water transfer scheme （WRFST-SNWTS） is planned to transfer 4×10^9m^3/a from six tributaries of the Yalong river and from Dadu river to Jiaqu of Yellow River.. Daqu river and Niqu river are the branches of Xianshui river. Sequ river, Duke river, Make river and Ake river are the branches of Dadu river, which account for 65-70% of the total river run-off. It need more research and the rest run-off can satisfy channel ecology water required. According to analysis ecological water required which mainly satisfy for aquicolous biology in water-exporting region, such as low air temperature. Fish and aquicolous biology main living from May to August, and rivers are iced up from December to March of next year, ecology water required mainly for fish and aquicolous biology. The flow criterion of Tennant method is modified. The ecology water required of WRFSP-SNWTS is estimated by the flow data of Zhuwo gauging station, Zhuba gauging station, Chuosijia gauging station and Zumuzu gauging station. The result show that the ecology water required calculated by modified Tennant less 1 l percent than that of Tennant. This estimating result can supply more water resources for transferring to Yellow River. Meanwhile, this can supply gist for research transferring water of WRFSP-SNWTS.
基金Supported by the Planned Items of Scientific Research of Hebei Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No. 2009055)
文摘Objective：To observe the effect of acupoint Sanyinjiao（SP6） moxibustion（S-Mox） on the duration of the first labor stage and uterine contractive pain in primiparae.Methods：Sixty primipara women in labor were equally assigned according to their choice to three groups：women in the S-Mox group received bilateral S-Mox for 30 min,women in the non-acupoint group received moxibustion（Mox） applied on non-acupoints for 30 min,and those in the control group did not receive Mox intervention.The duration of the first labor stage was recorded and the degree of labor pain was estimated by a visual analogue scale（VAS） before and after Mox. Results：The duration of the first stage active phase in the S-Mox group was significantly shorter than that in the other two groups（P0.05,P0.01）;the VAS score after Mox was lower in the S-Mox group,showing a statistical difference in comparison with the control group（P0.05）.Conclusions：Applying S-Mox could markedly shorten the active phase of the first stage of labor and lower the VAS score of uterine contractive pain,which means alleviating the pain caused by vaginal delivery.Its mechanism is worthy of further study.
文摘目的研究间苯三酚在第一产程宫颈水肿产妇中的应用效果。方法回顾性选取邳州东大医院2024年1月至2025年2月收治的84例第一产程宫颈水肿产妇,依据治疗方案不同分为两组,每组42例。常规组予以阿托品治疗,治疗组予以间苯三酚治疗,对比两组临床疗效、宫口扩张情况(宫口扩张速度、宫口全开时间)、产程、产后出血量、新生儿结局(1、5 min Apgar评分、新生儿窒息发生率)。结果治疗组总有效率高于常规组(P<0.05);治疗组宫口扩张速度大于常规组,宫口全开时间短于常规组(P<0.05);治疗组各产程短于常规组,产后2、24 h出血量少于常规组(P<0.05);治疗组新生儿1、5 min Apgar评分高于常规组,新生儿窒息发生率低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论间苯三酚治疗第一产程宫颈水肿的临床疗效确切,能够促进宫口扩张,缩短产程,减少产后出血,改善新生儿结局。
基金supported by the Specific Research Project of Health Pro Bono Sector, Ministry of Health, China (200802056)
文摘We investigated the compensatory trends of mesiodistal angulation of first molars in malocclusion cases. We compared differences in the angulation of first molars in different developmental stages, malocclusion classifications and skeletal patterns. The medical records and lateral cephalogrammes of 1 403 malocclusion cases taken before treatment were measured to evaluate compensation of molar angulation in relation to the skeletal jaw. The cases were stratified by age, Angle classification and skeletal patterns. Differences in the mesiodistal angulation of the first molars were compared among the stratifications. We observed three main phenomena. First,angulation of the upper first molar varied significantly with age and tipped most distally in cases aged,12 years and least distally in cases aged.16 years. The lower first molar did not show such differences. Second, in Angle Class II or skeletal Class II cases, the upper first molar was the most distally tipped, the lower first molar was the most mesially tipped, and opposite angulation compensation was observed in Class III cases. Third, in high-angle cases, the upper and lower first molars were the most distally tipped, and opposite angulation compensation was observed in low-angle cases. These data suggest that the angulation of the molars compensated for various growth patterns and malocclusion types. Hence, awareness of molar angulation compensation would help to adjust occlusal relationships, control anchorage and increase the chances of long-term stability.
文摘All normal children,with their body development and the influence of environment,could naturally use their mother tongue to interact with other language-users at about 6 years old.During this time,they need no formal instruction to acquire the first language,and it seems that there is some'innate'predisposition in the human infant to acquire language.This paper attempts to explore the com mon features that children share when they are in the process of developing language with the support of data from CHILDES(Child Lan guage Data Exchange System),and explain how child learn language.
基金The NSF(11271155) of ChinaResearch Fund(20070183023) for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education
文摘In this paper, we propose a log-normal linear model whose errors are first-order correlated, and suggest a two-stage method for the efficient estimation of the conditional mean of the response variable at the original scale. We obtain two estimators which minimize the asymptotic mean squared error （MM） and the asymptotic bias （MB）, respectively. Both the estimators are very easy to implement, and simulation studies show that they are perform better.
