This article explores the design of a wireless fire alarm system supported by advanced data fusion technology.It includes discussions on the basic design ideas of the wireless fire alarm system,hardware design analysi...This article explores the design of a wireless fire alarm system supported by advanced data fusion technology.It includes discussions on the basic design ideas of the wireless fire alarm system,hardware design analysis,software design analysis,and simulation analysis,all supported by data fusion technology.Hopefully,this analysis can provide some reference for the rational application of data fusion technology to meet the actual design and application requirements of the system.展开更多
Fire is one of the most common accidents in daily life. In the process of fire accident prevention, monitoring and management, attention should be paid not only to the timeliness of automatic fire alarm equipment, but...Fire is one of the most common accidents in daily life. In the process of fire accident prevention, monitoring and management, attention should be paid not only to the timeliness of automatic fire alarm equipment, but also to the danger of fire caused by building power distribution facilities. Therefore, in the process of design and construction of building electrical systems, We should not only pay attention to the design and installation of the automatic fire alarm system, but also pay attention to the fire protection power distribution system, so that the building electrical system can give full play to its functions, improve the utilization rate of building electrical facilities, and enable the building electrical system to play a good role in the process of fire accident prevention and alarm. This paper will focus on the topic of fire protection power distribution system design and automatic fire alarm system design in the building electrical system.展开更多
According to the requirements of improving production of Am source used for smoke-sensitice fire alarm making, a method and equipment of its fast relative calibration have been developed. Six measuring equipments have...According to the requirements of improving production of Am source used for smoke-sensitice fire alarm making, a method and equipment of its fast relative calibration have been developed. Six measuring equipments have being successfully applied at production lines of 241Am fire alarm source and factories of automatic smoke-sensitive fire alarm making.展开更多
Several primary factors influencing the alpha energy spectrum of 241Am fire alarm source have been studied in order to get better alpha energy spectrum. The results show that the homogeneity and the thickness of metal...Several primary factors influencing the alpha energy spectrum of 241Am fire alarm source have been studied in order to get better alpha energy spectrum. The results show that the homogeneity and the thickness of metal surface coat and the size of active area of the source have considerable influence on the alpha energy spectrum of the source.展开更多
The safety performance of 241Am fire alarm sources made by using powder metallurgical technology has been preliminarily studied, so as to determine an allowable maximum energy limit value of the alpha particles outgoi...The safety performance of 241Am fire alarm sources made by using powder metallurgical technology has been preliminarily studied, so as to determine an allowable maximum energy limit value of the alpha particles outgoing from this kind of sources in light of radiation safety and the present technology. The yielded results show that 241Am leak has not been found when the peak energy of the alpha energy spectrum of this kind of sources is less than 4.96 MeV.展开更多
Experts warn that as China builds more super-tall residential buildings,fire safety standards are far too lax,and responsibility is unclear.W ith a ferocious fire ripping through her high-rise apartment block and heav...Experts warn that as China builds more super-tall residential buildings,fire safety standards are far too lax,and responsibility is unclear.W ith a ferocious fire ripping through her high-rise apartment block and heavy smoke choking escape routes,likely caused by a violent gas explosion on the 28th floor,a woman who lived a floor above was unable to escape.As the fire spread through several floors of the 44-story Shenzhen Bay Yuefu residential com-plex on the afternoon of December 11,2024,a witness told the China Daily that she had seen someone falling from the building.The victim was later pro-nounced dead.展开更多
Smart firefighting clothing is in urgent need of rigorous fire resistance.Here,a novel 2D nanomaterial,silver nanoparticle@polydopamine@M(OH)(OCH3)(M=Co,Ni)(AgNP@PDA@M(OH)(OCH3)),was utilized to construct self-assembl...Smart firefighting clothing is in urgent need of rigorous fire resistance.Here,a novel 2D nanomaterial,silver nanoparticle@polydopamine@M(OH)(OCH3)(M=Co,Ni)(AgNP@PDA@M(OH)(OCH3)),was utilized to construct self-assemblednano-coated aramid fiber(NCANF).Through phase interface catalysis and high-temperature reduction,NCANF forms adistinctive“metal–carbon–air”honeycomb-like buffer that enables NCANF to withstand the butane flame(1300°C)for atleast 60 s,exceeding the performance of firefighting uniform(FU,Nomex)in service.In this process,the back temperatureof NCANF decreased by more than 50%compared to FU,with a maximum difference of 236.1°C.NCANF offers a rapidfire alarm response under 3 s with a maximum resistance change rate of 15%,and supports the graded indication using arithmeticamplifier circuit.NCANF maintained a maximum resistance change rate of approximately 63%during 50 repeatedbends of the manipulator joint.Leveraging the relationship between the joint bending angle and resistance change rate,an“attitude code”system can be established as the initial parameter matrix of a neural network and can enable the recognitionof the firefighters’body language.NCANF well solves the problem of current smart firefighting clothing that lacks rigorousfireproofing and is promising to establish a linked rescue mode based on real-time on-site information collection.展开更多
A fire alarm system(FAS)is a system comprising signalling-alarm devices,which automatically detect and transmit information about fire,but also receivers of fire alarms and receivers for damage signals.Fire alarm syst...A fire alarm system(FAS)is a system comprising signalling-alarm devices,which automatically detect and transmit information about fire,but also receivers of fire alarms and receivers for damage signals.Fire alarm systems function in different environmental conditions.During operation they should be in state of fitness.This is determined by the reliability of the assembled units and rational management of the operation process.Therefore a reliability and operational analysis of fire alarm systems as a whole is essential.This article presents an authorial model and an operational and reliability analysis of FAS,which is exploited in a transport building.It also demonstrates relationships occurring in the analysed system,where to an addressable fire alarm central unit with detection loops and control-monitoring loops alarm device lines(with monitored relay outputs for actuation of alarm-signalling devices)were connected.Research and analysis of results for representative FAS,which were exploited in similar environmental conditions,were conducted in order to determine operational and reliability parameters of the investigated system.FAS computer simulation was run during the time t=1 year of safety system operation.This led to the calculation of the probability value of the analysed FAS staying in the examined operational states.展开更多
In this work a review of existing fire-detector types has been carried out along with the development of a low cost, portable, and reliable microcontroller based automated fire alarm system for remotely alerting any f...In this work a review of existing fire-detector types has been carried out along with the development of a low cost, portable, and reliable microcontroller based automated fire alarm system for remotely alerting any fire incidents in household or industrial premises. The aim of the system designed is to alert the distant property-owner efficiently and quickly by sending short message (SMS) via GSM network. A Linear integrated temperature sensor detects temperature beyond preset value whereas semiconductor type sensor detects presence of smoke or gas from fire hazards. The sensor units are connected via common data line to ATMega8L AVR microcontroller. A SIM300CZ GSM kit based network module, capable of operating in standard GSM bands, has been used to send alert messages. The system is implemented on printed circuit board (PCB) and tested under different experimental conditions to evaluate its performances.展开更多
Wavelength division multiplex has obvious advantages when it is used in fiber Bragg grating(FBG) sensing for simultaneous measurement of various quantities, but the number of sensors is usually restricted by the bandw...Wavelength division multiplex has obvious advantages when it is used in fiber Bragg grating(FBG) sensing for simultaneous measurement of various quantities, but the number of sensors is usually restricted by the bandwidth of SLED and demodulator. The identical fiber Bragg grating is introduced for fire alarm system and the method of collecting signal of identical FBG sensors is described. The experiment result shows that with identical FBG sensing. The number of the sensors coupled in one fiber increases greatly and the precision can be ensured to meet the requirement for fire alarm system.展开更多
基金Chongqing Engineering University Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project:Wireless Fire Automatic Alarm System(Project No.:CXCY2024017)Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Science and Technology Research Project:Development and Research of Chongqing Wireless Fire Automatic Alarm System(Project No.:KJQN202401906)。
文摘This article explores the design of a wireless fire alarm system supported by advanced data fusion technology.It includes discussions on the basic design ideas of the wireless fire alarm system,hardware design analysis,software design analysis,and simulation analysis,all supported by data fusion technology.Hopefully,this analysis can provide some reference for the rational application of data fusion technology to meet the actual design and application requirements of the system.
文摘Fire is one of the most common accidents in daily life. In the process of fire accident prevention, monitoring and management, attention should be paid not only to the timeliness of automatic fire alarm equipment, but also to the danger of fire caused by building power distribution facilities. Therefore, in the process of design and construction of building electrical systems, We should not only pay attention to the design and installation of the automatic fire alarm system, but also pay attention to the fire protection power distribution system, so that the building electrical system can give full play to its functions, improve the utilization rate of building electrical facilities, and enable the building electrical system to play a good role in the process of fire accident prevention and alarm. This paper will focus on the topic of fire protection power distribution system design and automatic fire alarm system design in the building electrical system.
文摘According to the requirements of improving production of Am source used for smoke-sensitice fire alarm making, a method and equipment of its fast relative calibration have been developed. Six measuring equipments have being successfully applied at production lines of 241Am fire alarm source and factories of automatic smoke-sensitive fire alarm making.
文摘Several primary factors influencing the alpha energy spectrum of 241Am fire alarm source have been studied in order to get better alpha energy spectrum. The results show that the homogeneity and the thickness of metal surface coat and the size of active area of the source have considerable influence on the alpha energy spectrum of the source.
文摘The safety performance of 241Am fire alarm sources made by using powder metallurgical technology has been preliminarily studied, so as to determine an allowable maximum energy limit value of the alpha particles outgoing from this kind of sources in light of radiation safety and the present technology. The yielded results show that 241Am leak has not been found when the peak energy of the alpha energy spectrum of this kind of sources is less than 4.96 MeV.
文摘Experts warn that as China builds more super-tall residential buildings,fire safety standards are far too lax,and responsibility is unclear.W ith a ferocious fire ripping through her high-rise apartment block and heavy smoke choking escape routes,likely caused by a violent gas explosion on the 28th floor,a woman who lived a floor above was unable to escape.As the fire spread through several floors of the 44-story Shenzhen Bay Yuefu residential com-plex on the afternoon of December 11,2024,a witness told the China Daily that she had seen someone falling from the building.The victim was later pro-nounced dead.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,52403063Xiang Dong,Outstanding Youth Scientific Research Project in Anhui Province,2022AH020055,Shibin Nie。
文摘Smart firefighting clothing is in urgent need of rigorous fire resistance.Here,a novel 2D nanomaterial,silver nanoparticle@polydopamine@M(OH)(OCH3)(M=Co,Ni)(AgNP@PDA@M(OH)(OCH3)),was utilized to construct self-assemblednano-coated aramid fiber(NCANF).Through phase interface catalysis and high-temperature reduction,NCANF forms adistinctive“metal–carbon–air”honeycomb-like buffer that enables NCANF to withstand the butane flame(1300°C)for atleast 60 s,exceeding the performance of firefighting uniform(FU,Nomex)in service.In this process,the back temperatureof NCANF decreased by more than 50%compared to FU,with a maximum difference of 236.1°C.NCANF offers a rapidfire alarm response under 3 s with a maximum resistance change rate of 15%,and supports the graded indication using arithmeticamplifier circuit.NCANF maintained a maximum resistance change rate of approximately 63%during 50 repeatedbends of the manipulator joint.Leveraging the relationship between the joint bending angle and resistance change rate,an“attitude code”system can be established as the initial parameter matrix of a neural network and can enable the recognitionof the firefighters’body language.NCANF well solves the problem of current smart firefighting clothing that lacks rigorousfireproofing and is promising to establish a linked rescue mode based on real-time on-site information collection.
文摘A fire alarm system(FAS)is a system comprising signalling-alarm devices,which automatically detect and transmit information about fire,but also receivers of fire alarms and receivers for damage signals.Fire alarm systems function in different environmental conditions.During operation they should be in state of fitness.This is determined by the reliability of the assembled units and rational management of the operation process.Therefore a reliability and operational analysis of fire alarm systems as a whole is essential.This article presents an authorial model and an operational and reliability analysis of FAS,which is exploited in a transport building.It also demonstrates relationships occurring in the analysed system,where to an addressable fire alarm central unit with detection loops and control-monitoring loops alarm device lines(with monitored relay outputs for actuation of alarm-signalling devices)were connected.Research and analysis of results for representative FAS,which were exploited in similar environmental conditions,were conducted in order to determine operational and reliability parameters of the investigated system.FAS computer simulation was run during the time t=1 year of safety system operation.This led to the calculation of the probability value of the analysed FAS staying in the examined operational states.
文摘In this work a review of existing fire-detector types has been carried out along with the development of a low cost, portable, and reliable microcontroller based automated fire alarm system for remotely alerting any fire incidents in household or industrial premises. The aim of the system designed is to alert the distant property-owner efficiently and quickly by sending short message (SMS) via GSM network. A Linear integrated temperature sensor detects temperature beyond preset value whereas semiconductor type sensor detects presence of smoke or gas from fire hazards. The sensor units are connected via common data line to ATMega8L AVR microcontroller. A SIM300CZ GSM kit based network module, capable of operating in standard GSM bands, has been used to send alert messages. The system is implemented on printed circuit board (PCB) and tested under different experimental conditions to evaluate its performances.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(60537050)
文摘Wavelength division multiplex has obvious advantages when it is used in fiber Bragg grating(FBG) sensing for simultaneous measurement of various quantities, but the number of sensors is usually restricted by the bandwidth of SLED and demodulator. The identical fiber Bragg grating is introduced for fire alarm system and the method of collecting signal of identical FBG sensors is described. The experiment result shows that with identical FBG sensing. The number of the sensors coupled in one fiber increases greatly and the precision can be ensured to meet the requirement for fire alarm system.
