Alumina （MMAD： 32.45μm） was used to study dust cake formation in fiber filter at steady-state operation. Cake vertical profile along filter medium versus filtration velocity （ranging from 3 to 7cm/s）, particle c...Alumina （MMAD： 32.45μm） was used to study dust cake formation in fiber filter at steady-state operation. Cake vertical profile along filter medium versus filtration velocity （ranging from 3 to 7cm/s）, particle concentration （ranging from 40 to 120g/m^3） and particle areal mass to filter （ranging from 0.57 to 2.86 kg/m^2）, was researched by experiments and modeling. The filtration was carried through by a plane filter media （Material： Terylene felt, Thickness： 1.8mm） covered on a framework which was fixed in a filter. During filtration, the cake thickness was measured up and down by a mobile microscope and a camera controlled by a PC. The results showed that the cake vertical profile accord with a peak function. The peak amplitude A, center displacement xc, the shape parameters W of the peak function was greatly depended on filtration velocity and particle areal mass to filter, whereas slightly on particle concentration. The relationships between the three coefficients （peak amplitude A, center displacement xc, the shape parameters W） and filtration velocity, areal mass to filter, particle concentration were associated as equations, based on which pressure drop model was deduced. The peak function and pressure drop model were verified with experimental data.展开更多
A tunable self-seeded multi-wavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser(BEFL) is proposed and demonstrated based on a few-mode fiber filter(FMFF) with varying temperature. The FMFF configuration is a section of uncoated f...A tunable self-seeded multi-wavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser(BEFL) is proposed and demonstrated based on a few-mode fiber filter(FMFF) with varying temperature. The FMFF configuration is a section of uncoated few-mode fiber(FMF) sandwiched between two up-tapers. As the temperature varies from 25 °C to 125 °C, the transmission spectrum of FMFF moves towards the longer wavelength. The self-excited Brillouin pump is internally achieved by cascaded stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) in the single mode fiber(SMF). Then employing the FMFF temperature variation characteristics in the ring cavity fiber laser, the multi-wavelength of the output laser can be tuned, and the tunable range is about 8.0 nm. The generation of up to 15 Brillouin Stokes wavelengths with 16 d B optical signal-to-noise ratio(OSNR) is realized.展开更多
Several high-performance and tunable erbium-doped fiber lasers are reviewed. They are constructed by using fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) or short-wavelength-pass filters (SWPFs) as wavelength tunable components inside t...Several high-performance and tunable erbium-doped fiber lasers are reviewed. They are constructed by using fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) or short-wavelength-pass filters (SWPFs) as wavelength tunable components inside the laser cavity. Broadband wavelength tuning range including C- and/or S-band was achieved, and tunable laser output with high slope efficiency, high side-mode suppression ratio was obtained. These fiber lasers can find vast applications in lightwave transmission, optical test instrument, fiber-optic gyros, spectroscopy, material processing, biophotonic imaging, and fiber sensor technologies.展开更多
By using a loop mirror filter, a novel wavelength-tunable single-frequency ytterbium-doped fiber laser is developed to select single longitudinal modes in a linear cavity. The output wavelength could be tuned 2.4 nm i...By using a loop mirror filter, a novel wavelength-tunable single-frequency ytterbium-doped fiber laser is developed to select single longitudinal modes in a linear cavity. The output wavelength could be tuned 2.4 nm intervals range from 1063.3 to 1065.Tnrn with the temperature change of the fiber Bragg grating. The maximum output power could reach 32 m W while the pump power increases to 120 m W. The corresponding optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is 26.7% and the slope efficiency is 33.9%, respectively. The output power fluctuation is below 2%, and its highest signal-to-noise ratio is 60 dB.展开更多
A novel plasmonic polarization filter based on the diamond-shape photonic crystal fiber(PCF) is proposed. The resonant coupling characteristics of the PCF polarization filter are investigated by the full-vector finite...A novel plasmonic polarization filter based on the diamond-shape photonic crystal fiber(PCF) is proposed. The resonant coupling characteristics of the PCF polarization filter are investigated by the full-vector finite-element method. By optimizing the geometric parameters of the PCF, when the fiber length is 5 mm, the polarization filter has a bandwidth of 990 nm and an extinction ratio(ER) of lower than -20 dB. Moreover, a single wavelength polarization filter can also be achieved, along with an ER of -279.78 dB at wavelength 1.55 μm. It is believed that the proposed PCF polarization filter will be very useful in laser and optical communication systems.展开更多
The optical wavelet filter is designed. It can filter and choose frequency swiftly. It can realize demodulation of distributed fiber Bragg grating（FBG） measurement system. Its scanning resolution and scanning period...The optical wavelet filter is designed. It can filter and choose frequency swiftly. It can realize demodulation of distributed fiber Bragg grating（FBG） measurement system. Its scanning resolution and scanning period depend on wavelet function. Wavelet function is controlled by computer. Compared to conventional scan filter, optical wavelet filtering has some advantages such as simple structure, high scan frequency, high resolution and good linearity. At last, the error of optical wavelet filter scanning procedure is analyzed. Scanning step length refers to the shifting of optical wavelet window＇s central frequency. It affects system precision directly. If scanning step length is different, the measured signal is different. The methods of reducing step length guarantee scanning periodic time are presented.展开更多
A novel tunable comb filter composed of a single-mode/multimode/polarization-maintaining-fiber-based Sagnac fiber loop is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The filter tunability is achieved by rotating the pol...A novel tunable comb filter composed of a single-mode/multimode/polarization-maintaining-fiber-based Sagnac fiber loop is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The filter tunability is achieved by rotating the polarization controller. The spectral shift is dependent on rotation direction and the position of the polarization controller. In addition, the adjustable range achieved by rotating the half-wave-plate polarization controller is twice higher than that of the quarter-wave-plate one.展开更多
Fiber-reinforced composites are an ideal material for the lightweight design of aerospace structures. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of composite additive manufacturing technology, the design o...Fiber-reinforced composites are an ideal material for the lightweight design of aerospace structures. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of composite additive manufacturing technology, the design optimization of variable stiffness of fiber-reinforced composite laminates has attracted widespread attention from scholars and industry. In these aerospace composite structures, numerous cutout panels and shells serve as access points for maintaining electrical, fuel, and hydraulic systems. The traditional fiber-reinforced composite laminate subtractive drilling manufacturing inevitably faces the problems of interlayer delamination, fiber fracture, and burr of the laminate. Continuous fiber additive manufacturing technology offers the potential for integrated design optimization and manufacturing with high structural performance. Considering the integration of design and manufacturability in continuous fiber additive manufacturing, the paper proposes linear and nonlinear filtering strategies based on the Normal Distribution Fiber Optimization (NDFO) material interpolation scheme to overcome the challenge of discrete fiber optimization results, which are difficult to apply directly to continuous fiber additive manufacturing. With minimizing structural compliance as the objective function, the proposed approach provides a strategy to achieve continuity of discrete fiber paths in the variable stiffness design optimization of composite laminates with regular and irregular holes. In the variable stiffness design optimization model, the number of candidate fiber laying angles in the NDFO material interpolation scheme is considered as design variable. The sensitivity information of structural compliance with respect to the number of candidate fiber laying angles is obtained using the analytical sensitivity analysis method. Based on the proposed variable stiffness design optimization method for complex perforated composite laminates, the numerical examples consider the variable stiffness design optimization of typical non-perforated and perforated composite laminates with circular, square, and irregular holes, and systematically discuss the number of candidate discrete fiber laying angles, discrete fiber continuous filtering strategies, and filter radius on structural compliance, continuity, and manufacturability. The optimized discrete fiber angles of variable stiffness laminates are converted into continuous fiber laying paths using a streamlined process for continuous fiber additive manufacturing. Meanwhile, the optimized non-perforated and perforated MBB beams after discrete fiber continuous treatment, are manufactured using continuous fiber co-extrusion additive manufacturing technology to verify the effectiveness of the variable stiffness fiber optimization framework proposed in this paper.展开更多
In this paper,the manufacturing of high-efficiency air filter paper is reported.The air filter paper was produced using ultra-fine fibers and wateroat fibers mercerized by alkali,using an electrospinning apparatus wit...In this paper,the manufacturing of high-efficiency air filter paper is reported.The air filter paper was produced using ultra-fine fibers and wateroat fibers mercerized by alkali,using an electrospinning apparatus with multiple rings.The high efficiency air filter paper has an antibacterial effect after adding a chitosan-copper complex which is harmless to humans.As a result of the measurement,the filtering efficiency of the air filter paper is approximately 99.998%and its antibacterial efficiency is approximately 99.5%.展开更多
The wavelength shift in fiber Bragg grating does not depend directly on the total light levels, losses in the connecting fibers and couplers, or source power. However, if the tunable Fabry-Perot filter is place on the...The wavelength shift in fiber Bragg grating does not depend directly on the total light levels, losses in the connecting fibers and couplers, or source power. However, if the tunable Fabry-Perot filter is place on the end of incident fiber, the detected time delay of modulation light is occurred due to the unmatch between the scanning time and light transmission time in the transmission fiber. Consequently, the detected peak wavelength shifts with the length of transmission fiber. Thus, the peak wavelength shift effect of Bragg reflective light transmitted in fiber with different fiber length can be obvious in the demodulator with a prepositive tunable Fabry-Perot filter. The experiment indicates the shift rates of 0.109 - 0.126 nm/km increase approximately linearly with the original peak wavelength of 1532.917 - 1560.300 nm at the fiber length of 0 - 6 km. To certify the consistency of measurement data, the criterion correction is introduced. By using the differential method of two fiber Bragg gratings with an optical path, the differential worth is compensated from the disturbance modulated by the time delay of fiber length.展开更多
Fiber laser is the future development direction for the high energy lasers. This paper describs two kinds of optical coatings for fiber laser, including long and short wave pass filters. The one characteristic of fibe...Fiber laser is the future development direction for the high energy lasers. This paper describs two kinds of optical coatings for fiber laser, including long and short wave pass filters. The one characteristic of fiber laser coatings lies in that coatings should separate two closely wavelength light including laser pump wavelength (980 nm) and laser irradiation wavelength(1 050～1 100 nm). At the same time, the coatings should have high laser damage threshold.展开更多
In this paper, artificial neural networks are used for predicting single fiber efficiency in the process of removing smaller particles from gas stream by fiber filters. For this, numerical simulations are obtained of ...In this paper, artificial neural networks are used for predicting single fiber efficiency in the process of removing smaller particles from gas stream by fiber filters. For this, numerical simulations are obtained of a classic model of literature for fiber efficiency, which is numerically solved along with the convection diffusion equation in polar coordinates for particle concentration, with associated initial and boundary conditions. A sufficient number of examples from two numerical simulations are employed to construct a database, from which parameters of a novel neural model are adjusted. This model is constructed based on the back propagation algorithm in order to map two features, namely Peclet number and packing density, which are extracted from the numerical simulations into the corresponding single fiber efficiency. The results indicate that the developed neural model can be trained in a reasonable computational time and is capable of estimating single fiber efficiency from examples of the test set with a maximum error of 1.7%.展开更多
A theoretical analysis of a tuneable optical filter is presented by proposing an optical ring resonator (ORR) using photonic crystal fiber (PCF) as the resonance loop. The influences of the characteristic parameters o...A theoretical analysis of a tuneable optical filter is presented by proposing an optical ring resonator (ORR) using photonic crystal fiber (PCF) as the resonance loop. The influences of the characteristic parameters of the PCF on the filter response have been analyzed under steady-state condition of the ORR. It is shown that the tuneability of the filter is mainly achieved by changing the modulation frequency of the light signal applied to the resonator. The analyses have shown that the sharpness and the depth of the filter response are controlled by parameters such as amplitude modulation index of applied field, the coupling coefficient of the ORR, and hole-spacing and air-filling ratio of the PCF, respectively. When transmission coefficient of the loop approaches the coupling coefficient, the filter response enhances sharply with PCF parameters. The depth and the full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of the response strongly depends on the number of field circulations in the resonator loop. With the proposed tuneability scheme for optical filter, we achieved an FWHM of ~1.55 nm. The obtained results may be utilized in designing optical add/drop filters used in WDM communication systems.展开更多
Bleached softwood kraft pulp (BSKP) fibers were pretreated in a 5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solution at 35℃ for 90 min. The ZnCl2/H2O/ C2H5OH was used to treat the pretreated BSKP fibers, filter papers were then prepared. I...Bleached softwood kraft pulp (BSKP) fibers were pretreated in a 5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solution at 35℃ for 90 min. The ZnCl2/H2O/ C2H5OH was used to treat the pretreated BSKP fibers, filter papers were then prepared. In the course of processing, the effects of various molar ratios of ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH on the filter paper performance were evaluated. SEMEDX was conducted to analyze the physical configuration of the filter papers. Moreover, FT-IR and XPS were performed to further characterize the BSKP, the pretreated BSKP and the filter paper fibers. The results indicated that the fibers treated by ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH were swollen and exhibited slight fibrillation, leading to a looser fiber structure and therefore, enhanced filter paper performance. Air permeability increased from 161.7 L/(m2·s) to 1450.4 L/(m2·s) for the filter papers when the molar ratio of ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH was 1:14:1. The optimum molar ratio of ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH was found to be 1:14:1, and no significant effect of ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH on fibers’ functional groups was detected. These results showed that filtration performance of filter papers was improved when treated with the ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH solution.展开更多
Soliton dynamics are numerically investigated in a two-mode fiber with the two-photon absorption,and the effects of the two-photon absorption on the soliton propagation and interaction are demonstrated in different di...Soliton dynamics are numerically investigated in a two-mode fiber with the two-photon absorption,and the effects of the two-photon absorption on the soliton propagation and interaction are demonstrated in different dispersion regimes.Soliton dynamics depend strictly on the sign and magnitude of the group velocity dispersion(GVD)coefficient of each mode and the strength(coefficient)of the two-photon absorption.The two-photon absorption leads to the soliton collapse,enhances the neighboring soliton interaction in both modes,and increases the energy exchange between the two modes.Finally,an available control is proposed to suppress the effects by the use of the nonlinear gain with filter.展开更多
文摘Alumina （MMAD： 32.45μm） was used to study dust cake formation in fiber filter at steady-state operation. Cake vertical profile along filter medium versus filtration velocity （ranging from 3 to 7cm/s）, particle concentration （ranging from 40 to 120g/m^3） and particle areal mass to filter （ranging from 0.57 to 2.86 kg/m^2）, was researched by experiments and modeling. The filtration was carried through by a plane filter media （Material： Terylene felt, Thickness： 1.8mm） covered on a framework which was fixed in a filter. During filtration, the cake thickness was measured up and down by a mobile microscope and a camera controlled by a PC. The results showed that the cake vertical profile accord with a peak function. The peak amplitude A, center displacement xc, the shape parameters W of the peak function was greatly depended on filtration velocity and particle areal mass to filter, whereas slightly on particle concentration. The relationships between the three coefficients （peak amplitude A, center displacement xc, the shape parameters W） and filtration velocity, areal mass to filter, particle concentration were associated as equations, based on which pressure drop model was deduced. The peak function and pressure drop model were verified with experimental data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61405096 and 61504058)the Introduction of Talent Research Fund of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(No.NY214158)+1 种基金the Open Fund of Laboratory of Solid State Micro-structures,Nanjing University(No.M28035)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.SKLST201404)
文摘A tunable self-seeded multi-wavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser(BEFL) is proposed and demonstrated based on a few-mode fiber filter(FMFF) with varying temperature. The FMFF configuration is a section of uncoated few-mode fiber(FMF) sandwiched between two up-tapers. As the temperature varies from 25 °C to 125 °C, the transmission spectrum of FMFF moves towards the longer wavelength. The self-excited Brillouin pump is internally achieved by cascaded stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) in the single mode fiber(SMF). Then employing the FMFF temperature variation characteristics in the ring cavity fiber laser, the multi-wavelength of the output laser can be tuned, and the tunable range is about 8.0 nm. The generation of up to 15 Brillouin Stokes wavelengths with 16 d B optical signal-to-noise ratio(OSNR) is realized.
文摘Several high-performance and tunable erbium-doped fiber lasers are reviewed. They are constructed by using fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) or short-wavelength-pass filters (SWPFs) as wavelength tunable components inside the laser cavity. Broadband wavelength tuning range including C- and/or S-band was achieved, and tunable laser output with high slope efficiency, high side-mode suppression ratio was obtained. These fiber lasers can find vast applications in lightwave transmission, optical test instrument, fiber-optic gyros, spectroscopy, material processing, biophotonic imaging, and fiber sensor technologies.
基金Supported by the International Cooperation Projects of Ministry of Science and Technology under Grant No 2012DFB10120the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61177059
文摘By using a loop mirror filter, a novel wavelength-tunable single-frequency ytterbium-doped fiber laser is developed to select single longitudinal modes in a linear cavity. The output wavelength could be tuned 2.4 nm intervals range from 1063.3 to 1065.Tnrn with the temperature change of the fiber Bragg grating. The maximum output power could reach 32 m W while the pump power increases to 120 m W. The corresponding optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is 26.7% and the slope efficiency is 33.9%, respectively. The output power fluctuation is below 2%, and its highest signal-to-noise ratio is 60 dB.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61875238 and 61935007)。
文摘A novel plasmonic polarization filter based on the diamond-shape photonic crystal fiber(PCF) is proposed. The resonant coupling characteristics of the PCF polarization filter are investigated by the full-vector finite-element method. By optimizing the geometric parameters of the PCF, when the fiber length is 5 mm, the polarization filter has a bandwidth of 990 nm and an extinction ratio(ER) of lower than -20 dB. Moreover, a single wavelength polarization filter can also be achieved, along with an ER of -279.78 dB at wavelength 1.55 μm. It is believed that the proposed PCF polarization filter will be very useful in laser and optical communication systems.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60377002).
文摘The optical wavelet filter is designed. It can filter and choose frequency swiftly. It can realize demodulation of distributed fiber Bragg grating（FBG） measurement system. Its scanning resolution and scanning period depend on wavelet function. Wavelet function is controlled by computer. Compared to conventional scan filter, optical wavelet filtering has some advantages such as simple structure, high scan frequency, high resolution and good linearity. At last, the error of optical wavelet filter scanning procedure is analyzed. Scanning step length refers to the shifting of optical wavelet window＇s central frequency. It affects system precision directly. If scanning step length is different, the measured signal is different. The methods of reducing step length guarantee scanning periodic time are presented.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11274181,10974100,and 10674075)the Tianjin Key Program of Application Foundations and Future Technology Research Project,China (Grant No. 10JCZDJC24300)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20120031110033)
文摘A novel tunable comb filter composed of a single-mode/multimode/polarization-maintaining-fiber-based Sagnac fiber loop is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The filter tunability is achieved by rotating the polarization controller. The spectral shift is dependent on rotation direction and the position of the polarization controller. In addition, the adjustable range achieved by rotating the half-wave-plate polarization controller is twice higher than that of the quarter-wave-plate one.
基金supports for this research were provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12272301,12002278,U1906233)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(Nos.2023A1515011970,2024A1515010256)+1 种基金the Dalian City Supports Innovation and Entrepreneurship Projects for High-Level Talents,China(2021RD16)the Key R&D Project of CSCEC,China(No.CSCEC-2020-Z-4).
文摘Fiber-reinforced composites are an ideal material for the lightweight design of aerospace structures. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of composite additive manufacturing technology, the design optimization of variable stiffness of fiber-reinforced composite laminates has attracted widespread attention from scholars and industry. In these aerospace composite structures, numerous cutout panels and shells serve as access points for maintaining electrical, fuel, and hydraulic systems. The traditional fiber-reinforced composite laminate subtractive drilling manufacturing inevitably faces the problems of interlayer delamination, fiber fracture, and burr of the laminate. Continuous fiber additive manufacturing technology offers the potential for integrated design optimization and manufacturing with high structural performance. Considering the integration of design and manufacturability in continuous fiber additive manufacturing, the paper proposes linear and nonlinear filtering strategies based on the Normal Distribution Fiber Optimization (NDFO) material interpolation scheme to overcome the challenge of discrete fiber optimization results, which are difficult to apply directly to continuous fiber additive manufacturing. With minimizing structural compliance as the objective function, the proposed approach provides a strategy to achieve continuity of discrete fiber paths in the variable stiffness design optimization of composite laminates with regular and irregular holes. In the variable stiffness design optimization model, the number of candidate fiber laying angles in the NDFO material interpolation scheme is considered as design variable. The sensitivity information of structural compliance with respect to the number of candidate fiber laying angles is obtained using the analytical sensitivity analysis method. Based on the proposed variable stiffness design optimization method for complex perforated composite laminates, the numerical examples consider the variable stiffness design optimization of typical non-perforated and perforated composite laminates with circular, square, and irregular holes, and systematically discuss the number of candidate discrete fiber laying angles, discrete fiber continuous filtering strategies, and filter radius on structural compliance, continuity, and manufacturability. The optimized discrete fiber angles of variable stiffness laminates are converted into continuous fiber laying paths using a streamlined process for continuous fiber additive manufacturing. Meanwhile, the optimized non-perforated and perforated MBB beams after discrete fiber continuous treatment, are manufactured using continuous fiber co-extrusion additive manufacturing technology to verify the effectiveness of the variable stiffness fiber optimization framework proposed in this paper.
文摘In this paper,the manufacturing of high-efficiency air filter paper is reported.The air filter paper was produced using ultra-fine fibers and wateroat fibers mercerized by alkali,using an electrospinning apparatus with multiple rings.The high efficiency air filter paper has an antibacterial effect after adding a chitosan-copper complex which is harmless to humans.As a result of the measurement,the filtering efficiency of the air filter paper is approximately 99.998%and its antibacterial efficiency is approximately 99.5%.
文摘The wavelength shift in fiber Bragg grating does not depend directly on the total light levels, losses in the connecting fibers and couplers, or source power. However, if the tunable Fabry-Perot filter is place on the end of incident fiber, the detected time delay of modulation light is occurred due to the unmatch between the scanning time and light transmission time in the transmission fiber. Consequently, the detected peak wavelength shifts with the length of transmission fiber. Thus, the peak wavelength shift effect of Bragg reflective light transmitted in fiber with different fiber length can be obvious in the demodulator with a prepositive tunable Fabry-Perot filter. The experiment indicates the shift rates of 0.109 - 0.126 nm/km increase approximately linearly with the original peak wavelength of 1532.917 - 1560.300 nm at the fiber length of 0 - 6 km. To certify the consistency of measurement data, the criterion correction is introduced. By using the differential method of two fiber Bragg gratings with an optical path, the differential worth is compensated from the disturbance modulated by the time delay of fiber length.
文摘Fiber laser is the future development direction for the high energy lasers. This paper describs two kinds of optical coatings for fiber laser, including long and short wave pass filters. The one characteristic of fiber laser coatings lies in that coatings should separate two closely wavelength light including laser pump wavelength (980 nm) and laser irradiation wavelength(1 050～1 100 nm). At the same time, the coatings should have high laser damage threshold.
文摘In this paper, artificial neural networks are used for predicting single fiber efficiency in the process of removing smaller particles from gas stream by fiber filters. For this, numerical simulations are obtained of a classic model of literature for fiber efficiency, which is numerically solved along with the convection diffusion equation in polar coordinates for particle concentration, with associated initial and boundary conditions. A sufficient number of examples from two numerical simulations are employed to construct a database, from which parameters of a novel neural model are adjusted. This model is constructed based on the back propagation algorithm in order to map two features, namely Peclet number and packing density, which are extracted from the numerical simulations into the corresponding single fiber efficiency. The results indicate that the developed neural model can be trained in a reasonable computational time and is capable of estimating single fiber efficiency from examples of the test set with a maximum error of 1.7%.
文摘A theoretical analysis of a tuneable optical filter is presented by proposing an optical ring resonator (ORR) using photonic crystal fiber (PCF) as the resonance loop. The influences of the characteristic parameters of the PCF on the filter response have been analyzed under steady-state condition of the ORR. It is shown that the tuneability of the filter is mainly achieved by changing the modulation frequency of the light signal applied to the resonator. The analyses have shown that the sharpness and the depth of the filter response are controlled by parameters such as amplitude modulation index of applied field, the coupling coefficient of the ORR, and hole-spacing and air-filling ratio of the PCF, respectively. When transmission coefficient of the loop approaches the coupling coefficient, the filter response enhances sharply with PCF parameters. The depth and the full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of the response strongly depends on the number of field circulations in the resonator loop. With the proposed tuneability scheme for optical filter, we achieved an FWHM of ~1.55 nm. The obtained results may be utilized in designing optical add/drop filters used in WDM communication systems.
基金the support of the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (Grant No. C2018007)
文摘Bleached softwood kraft pulp (BSKP) fibers were pretreated in a 5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solution at 35℃ for 90 min. The ZnCl2/H2O/ C2H5OH was used to treat the pretreated BSKP fibers, filter papers were then prepared. In the course of processing, the effects of various molar ratios of ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH on the filter paper performance were evaluated. SEMEDX was conducted to analyze the physical configuration of the filter papers. Moreover, FT-IR and XPS were performed to further characterize the BSKP, the pretreated BSKP and the filter paper fibers. The results indicated that the fibers treated by ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH were swollen and exhibited slight fibrillation, leading to a looser fiber structure and therefore, enhanced filter paper performance. Air permeability increased from 161.7 L/(m2·s) to 1450.4 L/(m2·s) for the filter papers when the molar ratio of ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH was 1:14:1. The optimum molar ratio of ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH was found to be 1:14:1, and no significant effect of ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH on fibers’ functional groups was detected. These results showed that filtration performance of filter papers was improved when treated with the ZnCl2/H2O/C2H5OH solution.
文摘Soliton dynamics are numerically investigated in a two-mode fiber with the two-photon absorption,and the effects of the two-photon absorption on the soliton propagation and interaction are demonstrated in different dispersion regimes.Soliton dynamics depend strictly on the sign and magnitude of the group velocity dispersion(GVD)coefficient of each mode and the strength(coefficient)of the two-photon absorption.The two-photon absorption leads to the soliton collapse,enhances the neighboring soliton interaction in both modes,and increases the energy exchange between the two modes.Finally,an available control is proposed to suppress the effects by the use of the nonlinear gain with filter.
