In order to avoid the waste of iron caused by the direct use of ferronickel slag(FNS)in building materials,the effects of reduction iron extraction on the physical and chemical properties,cementitious reactivity and h...In order to avoid the waste of iron caused by the direct use of ferronickel slag(FNS)in building materials,the effects of reduction iron extraction on the physical and chemical properties,cementitious reactivity and hydration reaction characteristics of FNS and ferrum extraction tailing of nickel slag(FETNS)were studied.The experimental results show that the reduction ferrum extraction method changes the mineral phase composition of the waste slag,breaks the Si-O-Si bond,forms the tetrahedral structure of Si-O-NBO or Si-O-2NBO,and increases the content of active components such as Ca,Si,Mg,and Al.Compared with FNS,the 28 d compressive strength of pastes prepared by FETNS increases by 16.12%,22.57%,33.13%,44.26%,and 57.65%,respectively.The degree of hydration reaction of the composite cementitious systems in the FETNS group is higher than that in the FNS group at different ages,and the content of hydration products such as C-S-H gel and ettringite(AFt)is also higher than that in the FNS group.More hydration products can improve the curing ability to Cr and Mn of the composite cementitious systems in the FETNS group,and reduce the leaching value of Cr and Mn.展开更多
A green low-cost redox flow battery using Zn/Znredox couple in HAc/NaAc medium and Fe/Feredox couple in HSOmedium was first proposed and investigated for potential stationary energy storage applications. The presence ...A green low-cost redox flow battery using Zn/Znredox couple in HAc/NaAc medium and Fe/Feredox couple in HSOmedium was first proposed and investigated for potential stationary energy storage applications. The presence of HAc/NaAc in the negative electrolyte can keep the pH between 2.0 and 6.0even when a large amount of Hions move into negative electrolyte from positive electrolyte through ion exchange membrane. In the pH range of 2.0–6.0, the chemical reaction of Zn species with Hspecies is very insignificant; furthermore, the electroreduction of Hion on the negative electrode is significantly suppressed at this pH range. The zinc-ferrum redox flow battery（Zn/Fe RFB） operated within a voltage window of 0.5–2.0 V with a nearly 90% utilization ratio, and its energy efficiency is around 71.1% at room temperature. These results show that Zn/Fe RFB is a promising option as a stationary energy storage equipment.展开更多
Oxide dispersion strengthened （ODS） steels are considered as potential candidates for high temperature applications in fusion reactors be-cause of their excellent thermal creep behavior. In the present work, the dou...Oxide dispersion strengthened （ODS） steels are considered as potential candidates for high temperature applications in fusion reactors be-cause of their excellent thermal creep behavior. In the present work, the double-target magnetron co-sputtering method was recommended to prepare yttria dispersed ferrum films. Vacuum annealing and ion irradiation were carried out to study the surface topography and structural features of the prepared yttria dispersed ferrum samples. Experiments proved that while the yttria doping ratio in the ferrum film increases, the recrystallization temperature of the film will be enhanced and the sputtering damage by Xenon ion irradiation will be lowered. The sput-tering resistance of the obtained films would be improved with the growing of grains under vacuum annealing.展开更多
The effects of the calorimetric buffer solutions were investigated while the two colorimetric reactions of AI-ferron complex and Fe-ferron complex occurred individually, and the effects of the testing wavelength and t...The effects of the calorimetric buffer solutions were investigated while the two colorimetric reactions of AI-ferron complex and Fe-ferron complex occurred individually, and the effects of the testing wavelength and the pH of the solutions were also investigated. A timed complexatian colorimetric analysis method of Al-Fe-ferron in view of the total concentration of {AI + Fe} was then established to determine the species distribution of polymeric Al-Fe. The testing wavelength was recommended at 362 net and the testing pH value was 5. With a comparison of the ratios of n(Al)/n(Fe), the standard adsorption curves of the polymeric Al-Fe solutions were derived from the experimental results. Furthermore, the solutions' composition were carious in both the molar n(Al)/n(Fe) ratios, i.e. 0/0, 5/5, 9/1 and 0/10, and the concentrations associated with the total ( Al + Fe which ranged from 10(-5) to 10(-4) mol/L..展开更多
The Cu-containing steels are widely used for nuclear pressure vessel materials because of their good performance under high pressure and high temperature. In this article, magnetron sputtering was used to prepare iron...The Cu-containing steels are widely used for nuclear pressure vessel materials because of their good performance under high pressure and high temperature. In this article, magnetron sputtering was used to prepare iron films with various Cu contents. The samples were annealed at temperature range of 300–500 °C, and the structural,mechanical, and magnetic properties were studied. The results show that both hardness and modulus change along with copper content and annealing temperature. The change in coercivity after annealing is similar to that of hardness. The crystal grain growth in matrix ferrum and Cu precipitation during annealing influences both the mechanical and magnetic properties.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to explore the effects of ferrum and molybdenum nutrition on root nodule and physiological growth of Vicia villosa in seedling stage. [Method] A local cultivar of Qujing city,Vicia villosa,wa...[Objective] The paper was to explore the effects of ferrum and molybdenum nutrition on root nodule and physiological growth of Vicia villosa in seedling stage. [Method] A local cultivar of Qujing city,Vicia villosa,was studied using soilless cultivation method,and the effects of ferrum,molybdenum nutrition on root nodule and physiological growth of V. villosa in seedling stage were explored by adding 0. 01 mmol/L sodium molybdate and 0. 2 mmol/L ferrous sulfate respectively or simultaneously in the Hoagland's nutrient solution with the removal of ferrum and molybdenum salt. [Result]Ferrum and molybdenum significantly increased the number and weight of root nodule; the effect of single molybdenum treatment was the best,and the number and weight of root nodule in single molybdenum treatment were nearly 100% and 150% higher than that of the control. After treated by ferrum and molybdenum nutrition,the stem length and biomass of V. villosa decreased at varying levels,while root length and root shoot ratio increased significantly; the decrease extent of stem length in ferrum treatment and composite treatment was greater than that in molybdenum treatment,and the increase extent of root length in molybdenum treatment was the greatest. Application of ferrum and molybdenum fertilizer significantly improved ferrum and molybdenum content of V. villosa plants,and their soluble protein and free amino acid content increased at varying levels; single application of ferrum led to the greatest increase,while phosphorus content decreased at varying levels.The soluble sugar content of V. villosa decreased significantly at 90 d post ferrum and molybdenum application; application of molybdenum fertilizer reduced the starch content while ferrum fertilizer increased the starch content of V. villosa. Moreover,application of ferrum and molybdenum fertilizer reduced the SOD activity and enhanced the POD activity of V. villosa. [Conclusion] The application of ferrum and molybdenum fertilizer promotes the growth of root nodule and V. villosa plant.展开更多
Ferrum niobate was synthesized by solid-phase sintering method in a vacuum carbon tube furnace at 1 300 ℃ for 180 min. The phase transformation of ferrum niobate carbothermal reduction process was studied by XRD. The...Ferrum niobate was synthesized by solid-phase sintering method in a vacuum carbon tube furnace at 1 300 ℃ for 180 min. The phase transformation of ferrum niobate carbothermal reduction process was studied by XRD. The reduction reactions of ferrum niobate in different temperature stages were determined by the TG-DSC curve. Meanwhile, according to the TG curve, the reaction kinetics parameters were calculated by A.W.Coats integration and the control steps in different temperature stages were ascertained. The results showed that the reduction of ferrum niobate starts at the temperature of 1 000 ℃, and the reduction process carries out in two steps according to sintering temperature.In a temperature range of 1 000-1 238 ℃(the first step), the main reduction products are Nb O2 and Fe; the kinetic equation of initial stage is [-ln(1-α)]4=kt, controlled by nucleation growth, and the apparent activation energy is 388 k J/mol; with the temperature increasing, the kinetic equation is α+(1-α)ln(1-α)=kt, which is the Valensi two-dimensional diffusion kinetic equation, and the apparent activation energy is 264.4 k J/mol. The main reaction in a range of 1 238-1 344 ℃(the second step) is the reduction of Nb O2 to Nb C, the kinetic equation is [(1-α)-1/3-1]2=kt, which is controlled by the three-dimensional diffusion, and the apparent activation energy is 482.7 k J/mol.展开更多
基金Funded by the Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(Nos.23JRRA799 and 24JRRA213)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52178216,52008196,and U21A20150)。
文摘In order to avoid the waste of iron caused by the direct use of ferronickel slag(FNS)in building materials,the effects of reduction iron extraction on the physical and chemical properties,cementitious reactivity and hydration reaction characteristics of FNS and ferrum extraction tailing of nickel slag(FETNS)were studied.The experimental results show that the reduction ferrum extraction method changes the mineral phase composition of the waste slag,breaks the Si-O-Si bond,forms the tetrahedral structure of Si-O-NBO or Si-O-2NBO,and increases the content of active components such as Ca,Si,Mg,and Al.Compared with FNS,the 28 d compressive strength of pastes prepared by FETNS increases by 16.12%,22.57%,33.13%,44.26%,and 57.65%,respectively.The degree of hydration reaction of the composite cementitious systems in the FETNS group is higher than that in the FNS group at different ages,and the content of hydration products such as C-S-H gel and ettringite(AFt)is also higher than that in the FNS group.More hydration products can improve the curing ability to Cr and Mn of the composite cementitious systems in the FETNS group,and reduce the leaching value of Cr and Mn.
基金financially supported by the NSFC(No.21361010,China)
文摘A green low-cost redox flow battery using Zn/Znredox couple in HAc/NaAc medium and Fe/Feredox couple in HSOmedium was first proposed and investigated for potential stationary energy storage applications. The presence of HAc/NaAc in the negative electrolyte can keep the pH between 2.0 and 6.0even when a large amount of Hions move into negative electrolyte from positive electrolyte through ion exchange membrane. In the pH range of 2.0–6.0, the chemical reaction of Zn species with Hspecies is very insignificant; furthermore, the electroreduction of Hion on the negative electrode is significantly suppressed at this pH range. The zinc-ferrum redox flow battery（Zn/Fe RFB） operated within a voltage window of 0.5–2.0 V with a nearly 90% utilization ratio, and its energy efficiency is around 71.1% at room temperature. These results show that Zn/Fe RFB is a promising option as a stationary energy storage equipment.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61076003)the National Basic Research and Development Program of China (No.2010CB731600 and No.2010CB832900)
文摘Oxide dispersion strengthened （ODS） steels are considered as potential candidates for high temperature applications in fusion reactors be-cause of their excellent thermal creep behavior. In the present work, the double-target magnetron co-sputtering method was recommended to prepare yttria dispersed ferrum films. Vacuum annealing and ion irradiation were carried out to study the surface topography and structural features of the prepared yttria dispersed ferrum samples. Experiments proved that while the yttria doping ratio in the ferrum film increases, the recrystallization temperature of the film will be enhanced and the sputtering damage by Xenon ion irradiation will be lowered. The sput-tering resistance of the obtained films would be improved with the growing of grains under vacuum annealing.
基金TheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .2 96 770 0 4)
文摘The effects of the calorimetric buffer solutions were investigated while the two colorimetric reactions of AI-ferron complex and Fe-ferron complex occurred individually, and the effects of the testing wavelength and the pH of the solutions were also investigated. A timed complexatian colorimetric analysis method of Al-Fe-ferron in view of the total concentration of {AI + Fe} was then established to determine the species distribution of polymeric Al-Fe. The testing wavelength was recommended at 362 net and the testing pH value was 5. With a comparison of the ratios of n(Al)/n(Fe), the standard adsorption curves of the polymeric Al-Fe solutions were derived from the experimental results. Furthermore, the solutions' composition were carious in both the molar n(Al)/n(Fe) ratios, i.e. 0/0, 5/5, 9/1 and 0/10, and the concentrations associated with the total ( Al + Fe which ranged from 10(-5) to 10(-4) mol/L..
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.61176003 and 61076003)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Nos. 2010CB731600 and 2010CB832900)
文摘The Cu-containing steels are widely used for nuclear pressure vessel materials because of their good performance under high pressure and high temperature. In this article, magnetron sputtering was used to prepare iron films with various Cu contents. The samples were annealed at temperature range of 300–500 °C, and the structural,mechanical, and magnetic properties were studied. The results show that both hardness and modulus change along with copper content and annealing temperature. The change in coercivity after annealing is similar to that of hardness. The crystal grain growth in matrix ferrum and Cu precipitation during annealing influences both the mechanical and magnetic properties.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31660559)Science Research Project of Kunming University(XJZZ1604)Construction of Key and Dominant Disciplines(Ecology)of Universities and Colleges in Yunnan Province
文摘[Objective] The paper was to explore the effects of ferrum and molybdenum nutrition on root nodule and physiological growth of Vicia villosa in seedling stage. [Method] A local cultivar of Qujing city,Vicia villosa,was studied using soilless cultivation method,and the effects of ferrum,molybdenum nutrition on root nodule and physiological growth of V. villosa in seedling stage were explored by adding 0. 01 mmol/L sodium molybdate and 0. 2 mmol/L ferrous sulfate respectively or simultaneously in the Hoagland's nutrient solution with the removal of ferrum and molybdenum salt. [Result]Ferrum and molybdenum significantly increased the number and weight of root nodule; the effect of single molybdenum treatment was the best,and the number and weight of root nodule in single molybdenum treatment were nearly 100% and 150% higher than that of the control. After treated by ferrum and molybdenum nutrition,the stem length and biomass of V. villosa decreased at varying levels,while root length and root shoot ratio increased significantly; the decrease extent of stem length in ferrum treatment and composite treatment was greater than that in molybdenum treatment,and the increase extent of root length in molybdenum treatment was the greatest. Application of ferrum and molybdenum fertilizer significantly improved ferrum and molybdenum content of V. villosa plants,and their soluble protein and free amino acid content increased at varying levels; single application of ferrum led to the greatest increase,while phosphorus content decreased at varying levels.The soluble sugar content of V. villosa decreased significantly at 90 d post ferrum and molybdenum application; application of molybdenum fertilizer reduced the starch content while ferrum fertilizer increased the starch content of V. villosa. Moreover,application of ferrum and molybdenum fertilizer reduced the SOD activity and enhanced the POD activity of V. villosa. [Conclusion] The application of ferrum and molybdenum fertilizer promotes the growth of root nodule and V. villosa plant.
基金Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50974073)Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation(No.2012MS0714)+1 种基金Significant Special Fund of Inner Mongolia Science & Technology DepartmentNational Key Laboratory of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Foundation(No.BO-13-001)
文摘Ferrum niobate was synthesized by solid-phase sintering method in a vacuum carbon tube furnace at 1 300 ℃ for 180 min. The phase transformation of ferrum niobate carbothermal reduction process was studied by XRD. The reduction reactions of ferrum niobate in different temperature stages were determined by the TG-DSC curve. Meanwhile, according to the TG curve, the reaction kinetics parameters were calculated by A.W.Coats integration and the control steps in different temperature stages were ascertained. The results showed that the reduction of ferrum niobate starts at the temperature of 1 000 ℃, and the reduction process carries out in two steps according to sintering temperature.In a temperature range of 1 000-1 238 ℃(the first step), the main reduction products are Nb O2 and Fe; the kinetic equation of initial stage is [-ln(1-α)]4=kt, controlled by nucleation growth, and the apparent activation energy is 388 k J/mol; with the temperature increasing, the kinetic equation is α+(1-α)ln(1-α)=kt, which is the Valensi two-dimensional diffusion kinetic equation, and the apparent activation energy is 264.4 k J/mol. The main reaction in a range of 1 238-1 344 ℃(the second step) is the reduction of Nb O2 to Nb C, the kinetic equation is [(1-α)-1/3-1]2=kt, which is controlled by the three-dimensional diffusion, and the apparent activation energy is 482.7 k J/mol.
