Yellow mealworm larvae(YML;Tenebrio molitor) are considered as a valuable insect species for animal feed due to their high nutritional values and ability to grow under different substrates and rearing conditions. Adva...Yellow mealworm larvae(YML;Tenebrio molitor) are considered as a valuable insect species for animal feed due to their high nutritional values and ability to grow under different substrates and rearing conditions. Advances in the understanding of entomophagy and animal nutrition over the past decades have propelled research areas toward testing multiple aspects of YML to exploit them better as animal feed sources. This review aims to summarize various approaches that could be exploited to maximize the nutritional values of YML as an animal feed ingredient. In addition, YML has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial or bioactive agent to improve animal health and immune function in production animals. The dynamics of the nutritional profile of YML can be influenced by multiple factors and should be taken into account when attempting to optimize the nutrient contents of YML as an animal feed ingredient. Specifically, the use of novel land-based and aquatic feeding resources, probiotics, and the exploitation of larval gut microbiomes as novel strategies can assist to maximize the nutritional potential of YML. Selection of relevant feed supplies, optimization of ambient conditions, the introduction of novel genetic selection procedures, and implementation of effective post-harvest processing may be required in the future to commercialize mealworm production. Furthermore, the use of appropriate agricultural practices and technological improvements within the mealworm production sector should be aimed at achieving both economic and environmental sustainability. The issues highlighted in this review could pave the way for future approaches to improve the nutritional value of YML.展开更多
The emergence of edible insects as sustainable protein sources necessitates rigorous assessment of their nutri-tional,functional,and bioactive efficacy based on underlying biological characteristics.This study develop...The emergence of edible insects as sustainable protein sources necessitates rigorous assessment of their nutri-tional,functional,and bioactive efficacy based on underlying biological characteristics.This study develops an integrative biological framework through systematic analysis of 55 investigations spanning nutritional,func-tional,and bioactive domains.Random-effects meta-analysis revealed significant positive effects(g=0.83,95%CI[0.73,0.94]),with systematic variation across species attributable to fundamental biological differences:Acheta domesticus(g=0.94),Gryllodes sigillatus(g=0.88),Tenebrio molitor(g=0.84),and Hermetia illucens(g=0.70).Taxonomic patterns in functional performance correlated with exoskeletal composition and defensive compound production.Processing methodology significantly moderated functional outcomes,with hydrolysates demonstrating superior performance(g=1.21)through enhanced bioactive peptide accessibility.The multidi-mensional heterogeneity framework,integrating biological(28.4%),methodological(31.6%),and contextual factors(24.8%),explained 89.7%of observed variance in functional properties.Significant species-by-processing interactions revealed optimal transformation pathways,with A.domesticus hydrolysates(interac-tionβ=0.18,p=0.023)and T.molitor protein extracts(interactionβ=0.12,p=0.041)exhibiting synergistic enhancement of functional attributes.Multi-stakeholder implementation assessment identified T.molitor flour as the most feasible food application(score:7.48,95%CI[6.87,8.09]),while H.illucens demonstrated superior circular economy integration potential through waste substrate valorisation.Differential biological efficacy be-tween application contexts revealed context-dependent functionality,particularly for H.illucens.This integrative framework therefore connects fundamental biological characteristics to functional performance,providing species-specific guidance for optimizing insect-derived ingredients in food systems and supporting strategic development of sustainable protein applications.展开更多
基金supported by research grants from Regionalt Forskningsfond (RFF) Trondelag (In FeedProject number: 309859),where Nord University is the project leading institution,and Gullimunn AS and Mære Landbruksskole are project partnerssupported by the CEER project (Project number: 2021/10345) funded by the Norwegian Agency for International Cooperation and Quality Enhancement in Higher Education (HK-dir) under the Norwegian Partnership Program for Global Academic Cooperation (NORPART ) with support from the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research (MER)。
文摘Yellow mealworm larvae(YML;Tenebrio molitor) are considered as a valuable insect species for animal feed due to their high nutritional values and ability to grow under different substrates and rearing conditions. Advances in the understanding of entomophagy and animal nutrition over the past decades have propelled research areas toward testing multiple aspects of YML to exploit them better as animal feed sources. This review aims to summarize various approaches that could be exploited to maximize the nutritional values of YML as an animal feed ingredient. In addition, YML has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial or bioactive agent to improve animal health and immune function in production animals. The dynamics of the nutritional profile of YML can be influenced by multiple factors and should be taken into account when attempting to optimize the nutrient contents of YML as an animal feed ingredient. Specifically, the use of novel land-based and aquatic feeding resources, probiotics, and the exploitation of larval gut microbiomes as novel strategies can assist to maximize the nutritional potential of YML. Selection of relevant feed supplies, optimization of ambient conditions, the introduction of novel genetic selection procedures, and implementation of effective post-harvest processing may be required in the future to commercialize mealworm production. Furthermore, the use of appropriate agricultural practices and technological improvements within the mealworm production sector should be aimed at achieving both economic and environmental sustainability. The issues highlighted in this review could pave the way for future approaches to improve the nutritional value of YML.
基金supported by Suranaree University of Technology(Research Brotherhood Scholarship,Grant No.BRO3-303-65-12-07).
文摘The emergence of edible insects as sustainable protein sources necessitates rigorous assessment of their nutri-tional,functional,and bioactive efficacy based on underlying biological characteristics.This study develops an integrative biological framework through systematic analysis of 55 investigations spanning nutritional,func-tional,and bioactive domains.Random-effects meta-analysis revealed significant positive effects(g=0.83,95%CI[0.73,0.94]),with systematic variation across species attributable to fundamental biological differences:Acheta domesticus(g=0.94),Gryllodes sigillatus(g=0.88),Tenebrio molitor(g=0.84),and Hermetia illucens(g=0.70).Taxonomic patterns in functional performance correlated with exoskeletal composition and defensive compound production.Processing methodology significantly moderated functional outcomes,with hydrolysates demonstrating superior performance(g=1.21)through enhanced bioactive peptide accessibility.The multidi-mensional heterogeneity framework,integrating biological(28.4%),methodological(31.6%),and contextual factors(24.8%),explained 89.7%of observed variance in functional properties.Significant species-by-processing interactions revealed optimal transformation pathways,with A.domesticus hydrolysates(interac-tionβ=0.18,p=0.023)and T.molitor protein extracts(interactionβ=0.12,p=0.041)exhibiting synergistic enhancement of functional attributes.Multi-stakeholder implementation assessment identified T.molitor flour as the most feasible food application(score:7.48,95%CI[6.87,8.09]),while H.illucens demonstrated superior circular economy integration potential through waste substrate valorisation.Differential biological efficacy be-tween application contexts revealed context-dependent functionality,particularly for H.illucens.This integrative framework therefore connects fundamental biological characteristics to functional performance,providing species-specific guidance for optimizing insect-derived ingredients in food systems and supporting strategic development of sustainable protein applications.
