This study explores the bioconvective behavior of a Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid,accounting for spatially varying thermal properties.The flow is considered over a porous,stretching surface with mass suction effects incorpo...This study explores the bioconvective behavior of a Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid,accounting for spatially varying thermal properties.The flow is considered over a porous,stretching surface with mass suction effects incorporated into the transport analysis.The Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid model includes variable thermal conductivity,mass diffusivity,and motile microorganism density to accurately reflect realistic biological conditions.Radiative heat transfer and internal heat generation are considered in the thermal energy equation,while the Cattaneo-Christov theory is employed to model non-Fourier heat and mass fluxes.The governing equations are non-dimensionalized to reduce complexity,and a numerical solution is obtained using a shooting method.Parametric studies are conducted to examine the influence of key dimensionless parameters on velocity,temperature,concentration,and motile microorganism profiles.The results are presented through a series of graphs,offering insight into the dynamic interplay between physical mechanisms affecting heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian bioconvective nanofluid systems.展开更多
This paper proposes a night-time vehicle detection method using variable Haar-like feature.The specific features of front vehicle cannot be obtained in road image at night-time because of light reflection and ambient ...This paper proposes a night-time vehicle detection method using variable Haar-like feature.The specific features of front vehicle cannot be obtained in road image at night-time because of light reflection and ambient light,and it is also difficult to define optimal brightness and color of rear lamp according to road conditions.In comparison,the difference of vehicle region and road surface is more robust for road illumination environment.Thus,we select the candidates of vehicles by analysing the difference,and verify the candidates using those brightness and complexity to detect vehicle correctly.The feature of brightness difference is detected using variable horizontal Haar-like mask according to vehicle size in the location of image.And the region occurring rapid change is selected as the candidate.The proposed method is evaluated by testing on the various real road conditions.展开更多
文摘This study explores the bioconvective behavior of a Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid,accounting for spatially varying thermal properties.The flow is considered over a porous,stretching surface with mass suction effects incorporated into the transport analysis.The Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid model includes variable thermal conductivity,mass diffusivity,and motile microorganism density to accurately reflect realistic biological conditions.Radiative heat transfer and internal heat generation are considered in the thermal energy equation,while the Cattaneo-Christov theory is employed to model non-Fourier heat and mass fluxes.The governing equations are non-dimensionalized to reduce complexity,and a numerical solution is obtained using a shooting method.Parametric studies are conducted to examine the influence of key dimensionless parameters on velocity,temperature,concentration,and motile microorganism profiles.The results are presented through a series of graphs,offering insight into the dynamic interplay between physical mechanisms affecting heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian bioconvective nanofluid systems.
基金supported by the MKE(The Ministry of Knowledge Economy),Korea,under the ITRC(Infor mation Technology Research Center)support program supervised by the NIPA(National IT Industry Promotion Agency)(NIPA-2011-C1090-1121-0010)by the Brain Korea 21 Project in2011
文摘This paper proposes a night-time vehicle detection method using variable Haar-like feature.The specific features of front vehicle cannot be obtained in road image at night-time because of light reflection and ambient light,and it is also difficult to define optimal brightness and color of rear lamp according to road conditions.In comparison,the difference of vehicle region and road surface is more robust for road illumination environment.Thus,we select the candidates of vehicles by analysing the difference,and verify the candidates using those brightness and complexity to detect vehicle correctly.The feature of brightness difference is detected using variable horizontal Haar-like mask according to vehicle size in the location of image.And the region occurring rapid change is selected as the candidate.The proposed method is evaluated by testing on the various real road conditions.
