Experiments were conducted repeatedly on Mannari granite under different temperature and confining pressure conditions. Systematic micro- and submicro-structural and mechanical analyses of granite samples deformed und...Experiments were conducted repeatedly on Mannari granite under different temperature and confining pressure conditions. Systematic micro- and submicro-structural and mechanical analyses of granite samples deformed under 1.5 GPa (confining pressure), at 25 ℃-650 ℃ temperatures and at 2×10-6s-1 strain rate show the brittle-ductile deformation microstructures and microstructural associations similar to those observed in naturally deformed crustal rocks and minerals. Brittle fracturing and crystalline plasticity co-exist and react with each other in the brittle-ductile transition domain of the continental lithosphere. The interaction between the different mechanisms in the transitional domain results in the variation of anomalous strength values, which may best explain the genesis of the continental seismogenic zone. A new fault zone model is proposed on the basis of detailed micromechanical and microstructural analyses.展开更多
The western fault zone of the South China Sea is a strike-slip fault system and consists of four typical strike-slip faults. It is the western border of the South China Sea. The formation of the system is due to the e...The western fault zone of the South China Sea is a strike-slip fault system and consists of four typical strike-slip faults. It is the western border of the South China Sea. The formation of the system is due to the extrusion of Indo - China Peninsula caused by the collision of India with Tibet and the spreading of the South China Sea in Cenozoic. There are five episodes of tectonic movement along this fault zone, which plays an important role in the Cenozoic evolution of the South China Sea. By the physical modeling experiments, it can be seen the strike-slip fault undergoes the sinistral and dextral movement due to the relative movement velocity change between the South China Sea block and the Indo - China block. The fault zone controls the evolution of the pull basins locating in the west of the South China Sea.展开更多
A P and S wave velocity model is obtained for the crust in the region along the Longmenshan fault zone, Sichuan Province, China, by using data from a refraction profiling survey carried out in this region and those fr...A P and S wave velocity model is obtained for the crust in the region along the Longmenshan fault zone, Sichuan Province, China, by using data from a refraction profiling survey carried out in this region and those from local earthquakes. 202 local earthquakes along the fault zone are based on this velocity model, location errors being estimated to be about 1.5 km. The present relocations fairly improved the accuracy of hypocenter locations for earthquakes in this area, which is recognized from small scatter of data in the arrival time distance diagram compared with that for the original locations in the Earthquake Catalogue of Sichuan Seismic Network. The obtained hypocenter distribution shows that shallow earthquakes, confined to the upper crust in the depth range from 3 km to 22 km, are actively occurring along the main fault of the Longmenshan fault zone. The velocity model and the location method are presently used quite effective for precisely locating local earthquakes such as those in Sichuan Province. Installation of these with the real time processing system developed by Tohoku University in the Sichuan Telemetered Seismic Network would help to improve the location accuracy of events beneath the network.展开更多
To determine the locked and slip parts on a fault,we simulated the movement pattern of the fault with a combined model consisting of a negative dislocation in the locked area superimposed on a relative movement betwee...To determine the locked and slip parts on a fault,we simulated the movement pattern of the fault with a combined model consisting of a negative dislocation in the locked area superimposed on a relative movement between two sides of the fault.In this way,we determined the locked parts of faults by inversion with multiple epochs of geodetic data.In this paper,we have determined the movement patterns of four main faults in western Yunnan by inversion with two epochs of geodetic surveys and some crossing-fault observations.From the inversion result,we have identified the areas around Dali and Xiangyun to be the locked area,which is regarded as a sign of potential earthquake sources.展开更多
Accommodation of continental convergence by crustal thickening and lateral transport is mainly featured as strike-slip faulting along the trends roughly orthogonai to the orientation of plate convergence. This style o...Accommodation of continental convergence by crustal thickening and lateral transport is mainly featured as strike-slip faulting along the trends roughly orthogonai to the orientation of plate convergence. This style of faulting will affect seismicity of the involving areas which can be proved in low seismic zones by determining regional stress pattern using numerical methods. Accordingly, the stress distribution and deformation pattern of the South Sanandaj-Sirjan zone in the northeastern part of the Iranian-Arabian collision zone is investigated here using a three dimen-sional mechanical model. The modeled area is bounded between the Zagros thrust fault on the west and Dehshir-Baft fault in the east. The model is composed of three layers： the upper two layers represent the upper brittle and lower ductile crust of the collided continent and the lowest layer represents the lithospheric mantle. The upper crust behaves as an elastic material while the lower crust is considered as a non-Newtonian viscous fluid layer. The lithospheric mantle is taken as a low-viscosity material which is not allowed to move in any direction relative to the overlying layers. The Zagros thrust fault was treated with two different dip values saying 90° and 45° but Dehshir-Baft fault was modeled as a vertical fault and allowed to have a dextral movement regarding to the existing evidence. The driving mechanism applied to the western side of the model was chosen considering two different approaches including a kinematic approach （the Arabian-Eurasian convergence velocity; 35 mm/yr） and a dynamic approach （an external boundary force equal to 3.55E＋17 N）. The resulted stress field indicates an orogen-parallel component of right lateral shear along the Zagros fault implying a rotational deformation pattern within the modeled region that suggests a stress partitioning in the study area. The pattern also indicates a stress accumulation towards the south which could be a reason for the regional seismic quiescence between the two seismic Zagros thrust and Dehshir-Baft faults. Based on the present modeling results, it seems that high stress localization on the boundary faults can be a support of block structure approach or quasi-rigid blocks deformation within the study area. The resultant patterns of stress and displacement fields are generally totally comparable with plate boundary shear zones and have been proven by field data.展开更多
文摘Experiments were conducted repeatedly on Mannari granite under different temperature and confining pressure conditions. Systematic micro- and submicro-structural and mechanical analyses of granite samples deformed under 1.5 GPa (confining pressure), at 25 ℃-650 ℃ temperatures and at 2×10-6s-1 strain rate show the brittle-ductile deformation microstructures and microstructural associations similar to those observed in naturally deformed crustal rocks and minerals. Brittle fracturing and crystalline plasticity co-exist and react with each other in the brittle-ductile transition domain of the continental lithosphere. The interaction between the different mechanisms in the transitional domain results in the variation of anomalous strength values, which may best explain the genesis of the continental seismogenic zone. A new fault zone model is proposed on the basis of detailed micromechanical and microstructural analyses.
基金Acknowledgements This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 40476026 and 40406012, the National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province under contract No. 04001309, and the Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology Foundation of South China Sea Institute of 0ceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No. MSGL0510. We are grateful to Yan Pin and Liu Hailing for their generous help in providing seismic profiles.
文摘The western fault zone of the South China Sea is a strike-slip fault system and consists of four typical strike-slip faults. It is the western border of the South China Sea. The formation of the system is due to the extrusion of Indo - China Peninsula caused by the collision of India with Tibet and the spreading of the South China Sea in Cenozoic. There are five episodes of tectonic movement along this fault zone, which plays an important role in the Cenozoic evolution of the South China Sea. By the physical modeling experiments, it can be seen the strike-slip fault undergoes the sinistral and dextral movement due to the relative movement velocity change between the South China Sea block and the Indo - China block. The fault zone controls the evolution of the pull basins locating in the west of the South China Sea.
文摘A P and S wave velocity model is obtained for the crust in the region along the Longmenshan fault zone, Sichuan Province, China, by using data from a refraction profiling survey carried out in this region and those from local earthquakes. 202 local earthquakes along the fault zone are based on this velocity model, location errors being estimated to be about 1.5 km. The present relocations fairly improved the accuracy of hypocenter locations for earthquakes in this area, which is recognized from small scatter of data in the arrival time distance diagram compared with that for the original locations in the Earthquake Catalogue of Sichuan Seismic Network. The obtained hypocenter distribution shows that shallow earthquakes, confined to the upper crust in the depth range from 3 km to 22 km, are actively occurring along the main fault of the Longmenshan fault zone. The velocity model and the location method are presently used quite effective for precisely locating local earthquakes such as those in Sichuan Province. Installation of these with the real time processing system developed by Tohoku University in the Sichuan Telemetered Seismic Network would help to improve the location accuracy of events beneath the network.
文摘To determine the locked and slip parts on a fault,we simulated the movement pattern of the fault with a combined model consisting of a negative dislocation in the locked area superimposed on a relative movement between two sides of the fault.In this way,we determined the locked parts of faults by inversion with multiple epochs of geodetic data.In this paper,we have determined the movement patterns of four main faults in western Yunnan by inversion with two epochs of geodetic surveys and some crossing-fault observations.From the inversion result,we have identified the areas around Dali and Xiangyun to be the locked area,which is regarded as a sign of potential earthquake sources.
文摘Accommodation of continental convergence by crustal thickening and lateral transport is mainly featured as strike-slip faulting along the trends roughly orthogonai to the orientation of plate convergence. This style of faulting will affect seismicity of the involving areas which can be proved in low seismic zones by determining regional stress pattern using numerical methods. Accordingly, the stress distribution and deformation pattern of the South Sanandaj-Sirjan zone in the northeastern part of the Iranian-Arabian collision zone is investigated here using a three dimen-sional mechanical model. The modeled area is bounded between the Zagros thrust fault on the west and Dehshir-Baft fault in the east. The model is composed of three layers： the upper two layers represent the upper brittle and lower ductile crust of the collided continent and the lowest layer represents the lithospheric mantle. The upper crust behaves as an elastic material while the lower crust is considered as a non-Newtonian viscous fluid layer. The lithospheric mantle is taken as a low-viscosity material which is not allowed to move in any direction relative to the overlying layers. The Zagros thrust fault was treated with two different dip values saying 90° and 45° but Dehshir-Baft fault was modeled as a vertical fault and allowed to have a dextral movement regarding to the existing evidence. The driving mechanism applied to the western side of the model was chosen considering two different approaches including a kinematic approach （the Arabian-Eurasian convergence velocity; 35 mm/yr） and a dynamic approach （an external boundary force equal to 3.55E＋17 N）. The resulted stress field indicates an orogen-parallel component of right lateral shear along the Zagros fault implying a rotational deformation pattern within the modeled region that suggests a stress partitioning in the study area. The pattern also indicates a stress accumulation towards the south which could be a reason for the regional seismic quiescence between the two seismic Zagros thrust and Dehshir-Baft faults. Based on the present modeling results, it seems that high stress localization on the boundary faults can be a support of block structure approach or quasi-rigid blocks deformation within the study area. The resultant patterns of stress and displacement fields are generally totally comparable with plate boundary shear zones and have been proven by field data.
