Polyethylene terephthalate(PET)fibers are the largest category of chemical fibers and are widely used.However,the dyeing of PET fibers requires high temperature and pressure(130℃and 0.2 MPa),and the dyeing process co...Polyethylene terephthalate(PET)fibers are the largest category of chemical fibers and are widely used.However,the dyeing of PET fibers requires high temperature and pressure(130℃and 0.2 MPa),and the dyeing process consumes huge amounts of energy.Existing studies have shown that the dyeing ability of PET is directly related to the size of the amorphous region,which determines the external conditions for dyeing.In this research,we synthesized a series of low-temperature easydyeing masterbatches,PET-co-polyethylene glycol(PETEG),using polyethylene glycol(PEG)with different number-average molecular masses Mn and additive amounts.The phase domain size of the amorphous region of PET fibers was regulated via the masterbatch method.The relationship between the phase domain size and dyeing performance was explored from three perspectives:the amount of masterbatch,type of masterbatch,and PEG relative molecular mass.The results indicate that the fiber sample with PEG(Mn=2000 g/mol)at a mass fraction of 20%modified masterbatch has a smaller crystalline lamellar thickness(5.59 nm)and a larger interlamellar amorphous layer thickness(6.43 nm).The increase in the long period and lamellar inclination angle results in a looser structure,allowing small molecule dyes to diffuse into the fibers more easily.The dye-uptake increases from 63.21%to 92.66%at 100℃with the addition of the masterbatch.Additionally,the dye-uptake of the modified fibers increases with the relative molecular mass of PEG and the mass fraction of the masterbatch.All modified fibers achieve a staining color fastness of grade 4 or higher.This research demonstrates a simple masterbatch method that enables atmospheric pressure dyeing and provides a practical solution for efficient,low-temperature,and low-energy dyeing of PET fibers.展开更多
In this study, aqueous extraction method is used because of its high extraction ratio, light fastness and also functional properties. In 1st phase, for dyeing S/J cotton knit fabric with green walnut power ferrous sul...In this study, aqueous extraction method is used because of its high extraction ratio, light fastness and also functional properties. In 1st phase, for dyeing S/J cotton knit fabric with green walnut power ferrous sulfate is considered as a mordant. In this study, three different mordanting methods such as pre-, meta-, and post-mordanting are conveyed the dyeing process with the state of metallic mordant and without metallic salt mordants. In 2nd phase, in dyeing for fixation ferrous sulfate was considered as mordants. Furthermore, the analysis and evaluation of each colour dyed material was done through following two terms for instance CIELAB (L*, a*, and b*) and K/S values. According to AATCC test methods, colour fastness to washing, crocking, perspiration of the dyed samples is determined whereas according to the ISO standard, the colour fastness to light was estimated and tested. When dyeing was carried out on S/J cotton knit fabric through considering optimum parameter like at 80°C for 60 min and at pH 4 which showed optimum results. From the results we can see, very good wash fastness was obtained while there is no fading of the colour, whereas the outstanding and moderate level of colour fastness to light and crocking is achieved.展开更多
Polyurethane modified organic silicone was successfully prepared from hydroxyl-terminated polyether modified silicone,toluene-2,4-diisocyanate( TDI), and NaHSO3. The chemical structure of the polyurethane modified org...Polyurethane modified organic silicone was successfully prepared from hydroxyl-terminated polyether modified silicone,toluene-2,4-diisocyanate( TDI), and NaHSO3. The chemical structure of the polyurethane modified organic silicone was characterized by FT-IR and1H-NMR. The polymer film on the cotton surface was investigated by scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and the results showed that a thin polymer film was successfully formed. The FT-IR of treated cotton fabrics indicated that hydroxyl( OH) of cellulose fiber and isocyanate group( NCO)of the polyurethane modified organic silicone has formed covalent cross-linking. X-ray diffraction( XRD) analysis revealed that the crystalline region of treated cotton fabrics wasn't changed. The wet rubbing fastness of treated cotton fabrics was increased by approximately rating 1 on average. There was little change of DE values for the polyurethane modified organic silicone. The softness was improved significantly.展开更多
Green thinking looks to develop alternatives with higher environmental advantage that traditional materials or processes. The present experimental studies are directed to investigation of dyeing the linen fabric prepa...Green thinking looks to develop alternatives with higher environmental advantage that traditional materials or processes. The present experimental studies are directed to investigation of dyeing the linen fabric prepared with modification with enzymes. In the research, 1% and 2% solution of cellulase enzyme Beizym ENC-SB （garment auxiliary of enzymes mixture of CHT R. BEITLICH GmbH/BEZEMA AG） and pectinase Beisol PRO （enzymes mixture for cleaning cellulose fibers of CHT R. BE1TLICH GmbH） enzyme solutions were used. The main objective of this work is focus on results studies of enzyme influence on dyeing of flax fabric with direct Solphenyl dye triade Blue FGLE （economical, fairly good light fast blue, main trichromatic component for medium shades with high wash fastness）, Scarlet BNLE （economical scarlet, main trichromatic component for medium to dark shades） 200%, and Yellow GLE （very bright neutral yellow, main trichromatic component for high wash fastness requirements）. The dye-bath exhaustion, color fastness to rubbing and washing were estimated. The color parameters before and after tests were calculated.展开更多
The paper reports the consideration for fastness and homogeneous character of coating film on large telescope. After coating film, we obtain that the optical homogeneous character of whole mirror is in 1/20 λ, and re...The paper reports the consideration for fastness and homogeneous character of coating film on large telescope. After coating film, we obtain that the optical homogeneous character of whole mirror is in 1/20 λ, and reflective rate is about 92%. We found that the thin film doesn’t tick to offset paper, and the film is still well after two years.展开更多
To address the challenges in detecting abrasion-resistant color fastness samples–including limited sample instances,non-uniform shapes,and insufficiently distinct texture variations that compromise localization accur...To address the challenges in detecting abrasion-resistant color fastness samples–including limited sample instances,non-uniform shapes,and insufficiently distinct texture variations that compromise localization accuracy–this paper optimizes the detection framework through the integration of three key strategies:Global Attention Mechanism(GAM),Dynamic Sampling(DySample),and Adaptively Spatial Feature Fusion(ASFF),thereby enhancing detection accuracy and efficiency.Initially,Mosaic data augmentation is implemented to enrich dataset diversity and improve model robustness.Subsequently,the GAM attention mechanism is embedded into the backbone network to enhance target feature extraction capabilities.DySample replaces conventional upsampling methods in the neck network to achieve more effective feature reconstruction.Finally,the ASFF module is integrated into the Detect module within the head network to enable adaptively spatial weight learning for multi-scale feature map fusion.Compared with baseline algorithms,the improved framework demonstrates performance gains of 1.2%in Precision,3.0%in Recall,1.2%in mAP@0.5,and 13.5%in mAP@0.5:0.95.Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method,which maintains satisfactory performance across additional datasets,demonstrating strong robustness and superior generalization capability.展开更多
Extremely fast-charging and longlife span are critical yet challenging for the development of cost-effective and sustainable potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)due to the sluggish kinetics and rapid capacity decay of graphi...Extremely fast-charging and longlife span are critical yet challenging for the development of cost-effective and sustainable potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)due to the sluggish kinetics and rapid capacity decay of graphite anodes caused by the large radius of K ions(1.38 A).To tackle this issue,here a new type of nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon tubes(NGCTs)is reported via a ZrO_(2)-templated chemical vapor deposition(CVD)approach.The carbon interlayer spacing,crystallite size,and Nconfigurations in NGCTs are controlled by adjusting the CVD temperature(800,900,and 1000℃).The optimized NGCT-900 sample well balances the graphitic domains and structural defects,thus enabling fast K^(+)insertion/extraction below 1 V(vs.K^(+)/K).These tubular carbon membranes achieve exceptional K^(+)-storage performance including high K^(+)-storage capacities of 404 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1),ultrafast charging at 50 A·g^(-1)and a super-long cycle life of up to 6000 cycles.Ex-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD),insitu Raman,and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)analyses reveal a synergistic K^(+)-adsorptionintercalation mechanism.Further comparison with S or P heteroatoms underscores the significance of N-doping in enhancing reversible K^(+)intercalation into graphitic domains and boosting surface adsorption capacity.The fabricated NGCT-900//K_(x)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2)PIB(1.2-3.2 V)provides both a high-energy density of 187 Wh·kg^(-1)(comparable to graphite//LiFePO_(4)lithium-ion batteries(LIBs))and a high-power density of 2200 W·kg^(-1)at 123 Wh·kg^(-1).This study establishes a carbon anode design strategy for advanced potassium storage.展开更多
A 32-channel charge-sensitive amplifier(CSA)is designed for fast timing in the delay-line readout of a parallel plate avalanche counter(PPAC)array.It is realized on a PCB with operational amplifiers and other discrete...A 32-channel charge-sensitive amplifier(CSA)is designed for fast timing in the delay-line readout of a parallel plate avalanche counter(PPAC)array.It is realized on a PCB with operational amplifiers and other discrete components.Each channel consists of an integrator,a pole-zero cancellation net,and a linear amplification stage,which can be adapted to accommodate either positive or negative input signals.The RMS equivalent input noise charges are 3.3 fC,the conversion gains are approximately±2 mV∕fC,and the intrinsic time resolution reaches 32 ps.In the prototype PPAC application,the CSA performs as well as the commercial FTA820A amplifier,providing a position resolution as good as 0.17 mm,and exhibiting reliable stability during several hours of continuous data acquisition.展开更多
Incorporation of anions of Acid Red 114 dye （1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 8-[2-[3,3＇-dimethyl-4＇-[2-[4- [l（4-methylphenyl）sulfonyl]oxy] phenyl]diazenyl] [1,1＇-biphenyl]-4-yl]diazenyl]-7-hydroxy-, disodium sal...Incorporation of anions of Acid Red 114 dye （1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 8-[2-[3,3＇-dimethyl-4＇-[2-[4- [l（4-methylphenyl）sulfonyl]oxy] phenyl]diazenyl] [1,1＇-biphenyl]-4-yl]diazenyl]-7-hydroxy-, disodium salt） （denoted as NPDA） into ZnAl-layered double hydroxides （LDHs） has been carried out by an anion- exchange method in an effort to improve their thermal stability and light fastness. After intercalation of NPDA anions, the interlayer distance of the LDHs increases from 0.87 to 2.18 nm, confirming their incorporation into the interlayer galleries of the LDHs host. Infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis revealed the presence of host-vip interactions between LDHs layers and NPDA anions. The thermal stability of NPDA and ZnAI-NPDA-LDHs was compared by thermogravimetric-differential ther- mal analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the thermal stability of NPDA anions was markedly improved by incorporation into the ZnA1-LDHs matrix, while the light fastness was also enhanced.展开更多
Early identification and treatment of stroke can greatly improve patient outcomes and quality of life.Although clinical tests such as the Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale(CPSS)and the Face Arm Speech Test(FAST)are...Early identification and treatment of stroke can greatly improve patient outcomes and quality of life.Although clinical tests such as the Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale(CPSS)and the Face Arm Speech Test(FAST)are commonly used for stroke screening,accurate administration is dependent on specialized training.In this study,we proposed a novel multimodal deep learning approach,based on the FAST,for assessing suspected stroke patients exhibiting symptoms such as limb weakness,facial paresis,and speech disorders in acute settings.We collected a dataset comprising videos and audio recordings of emergency room patients performing designated limb movements,facial expressions,and speech tests based on the FAST.We compared the constructed deep learning model,which was designed to process multi-modal datasets,with six prior models that achieved good action classification performance,including the I3D,SlowFast,X3D,TPN,TimeSformer,and MViT.We found that the findings of our deep learning model had a higher clinical value compared with the other approaches.Moreover,the multi-modal model outperformed its single-module variants,highlighting the benefit of utilizing multiple types of patient data,such as action videos and speech audio.These results indicate that a multi-modal deep learning model combined with the FAST could greatly improve the accuracy and sensitivity of early stroke identification of stroke,thus providing a practical and powerful tool for assessing stroke patients in an emergency clinical setting.展开更多
基金Key R&D Program of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China(No.2024B01011)。
文摘Polyethylene terephthalate(PET)fibers are the largest category of chemical fibers and are widely used.However,the dyeing of PET fibers requires high temperature and pressure(130℃and 0.2 MPa),and the dyeing process consumes huge amounts of energy.Existing studies have shown that the dyeing ability of PET is directly related to the size of the amorphous region,which determines the external conditions for dyeing.In this research,we synthesized a series of low-temperature easydyeing masterbatches,PET-co-polyethylene glycol(PETEG),using polyethylene glycol(PEG)with different number-average molecular masses Mn and additive amounts.The phase domain size of the amorphous region of PET fibers was regulated via the masterbatch method.The relationship between the phase domain size and dyeing performance was explored from three perspectives:the amount of masterbatch,type of masterbatch,and PEG relative molecular mass.The results indicate that the fiber sample with PEG(Mn=2000 g/mol)at a mass fraction of 20%modified masterbatch has a smaller crystalline lamellar thickness(5.59 nm)and a larger interlamellar amorphous layer thickness(6.43 nm).The increase in the long period and lamellar inclination angle results in a looser structure,allowing small molecule dyes to diffuse into the fibers more easily.The dye-uptake increases from 63.21%to 92.66%at 100℃with the addition of the masterbatch.Additionally,the dye-uptake of the modified fibers increases with the relative molecular mass of PEG and the mass fraction of the masterbatch.All modified fibers achieve a staining color fastness of grade 4 or higher.This research demonstrates a simple masterbatch method that enables atmospheric pressure dyeing and provides a practical solution for efficient,low-temperature,and low-energy dyeing of PET fibers.
文摘In this study, aqueous extraction method is used because of its high extraction ratio, light fastness and also functional properties. In 1st phase, for dyeing S/J cotton knit fabric with green walnut power ferrous sulfate is considered as a mordant. In this study, three different mordanting methods such as pre-, meta-, and post-mordanting are conveyed the dyeing process with the state of metallic mordant and without metallic salt mordants. In 2nd phase, in dyeing for fixation ferrous sulfate was considered as mordants. Furthermore, the analysis and evaluation of each colour dyed material was done through following two terms for instance CIELAB (L*, a*, and b*) and K/S values. According to AATCC test methods, colour fastness to washing, crocking, perspiration of the dyed samples is determined whereas according to the ISO standard, the colour fastness to light was estimated and tested. When dyeing was carried out on S/J cotton knit fabric through considering optimum parameter like at 80°C for 60 min and at pH 4 which showed optimum results. From the results we can see, very good wash fastness was obtained while there is no fading of the colour, whereas the outstanding and moderate level of colour fastness to light and crocking is achieved.
文摘Polyurethane modified organic silicone was successfully prepared from hydroxyl-terminated polyether modified silicone,toluene-2,4-diisocyanate( TDI), and NaHSO3. The chemical structure of the polyurethane modified organic silicone was characterized by FT-IR and1H-NMR. The polymer film on the cotton surface was investigated by scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and the results showed that a thin polymer film was successfully formed. The FT-IR of treated cotton fabrics indicated that hydroxyl( OH) of cellulose fiber and isocyanate group( NCO)of the polyurethane modified organic silicone has formed covalent cross-linking. X-ray diffraction( XRD) analysis revealed that the crystalline region of treated cotton fabrics wasn't changed. The wet rubbing fastness of treated cotton fabrics was increased by approximately rating 1 on average. There was little change of DE values for the polyurethane modified organic silicone. The softness was improved significantly.
文摘Green thinking looks to develop alternatives with higher environmental advantage that traditional materials or processes. The present experimental studies are directed to investigation of dyeing the linen fabric prepared with modification with enzymes. In the research, 1% and 2% solution of cellulase enzyme Beizym ENC-SB （garment auxiliary of enzymes mixture of CHT R. BEITLICH GmbH/BEZEMA AG） and pectinase Beisol PRO （enzymes mixture for cleaning cellulose fibers of CHT R. BE1TLICH GmbH） enzyme solutions were used. The main objective of this work is focus on results studies of enzyme influence on dyeing of flax fabric with direct Solphenyl dye triade Blue FGLE （economical, fairly good light fast blue, main trichromatic component for medium shades with high wash fastness）, Scarlet BNLE （economical scarlet, main trichromatic component for medium to dark shades） 200%, and Yellow GLE （very bright neutral yellow, main trichromatic component for high wash fastness requirements）. The dye-bath exhaustion, color fastness to rubbing and washing were estimated. The color parameters before and after tests were calculated.
文摘The paper reports the consideration for fastness and homogeneous character of coating film on large telescope. After coating film, we obtain that the optical homogeneous character of whole mirror is in 1/20 λ, and reflective rate is about 92%. We found that the thin film doesn’t tick to offset paper, and the film is still well after two years.
文摘To address the challenges in detecting abrasion-resistant color fastness samples–including limited sample instances,non-uniform shapes,and insufficiently distinct texture variations that compromise localization accuracy–this paper optimizes the detection framework through the integration of three key strategies:Global Attention Mechanism(GAM),Dynamic Sampling(DySample),and Adaptively Spatial Feature Fusion(ASFF),thereby enhancing detection accuracy and efficiency.Initially,Mosaic data augmentation is implemented to enrich dataset diversity and improve model robustness.Subsequently,the GAM attention mechanism is embedded into the backbone network to enhance target feature extraction capabilities.DySample replaces conventional upsampling methods in the neck network to achieve more effective feature reconstruction.Finally,the ASFF module is integrated into the Detect module within the head network to enable adaptively spatial weight learning for multi-scale feature map fusion.Compared with baseline algorithms,the improved framework demonstrates performance gains of 1.2%in Precision,3.0%in Recall,1.2%in mAP@0.5,and 13.5%in mAP@0.5:0.95.Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method,which maintains satisfactory performance across additional datasets,demonstrating strong robustness and superior generalization capability.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22579153 and 22279122)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220530162402005)Wuhan Key Research and Development Program(No.2025060102030012).
文摘Extremely fast-charging and longlife span are critical yet challenging for the development of cost-effective and sustainable potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)due to the sluggish kinetics and rapid capacity decay of graphite anodes caused by the large radius of K ions(1.38 A).To tackle this issue,here a new type of nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon tubes(NGCTs)is reported via a ZrO_(2)-templated chemical vapor deposition(CVD)approach.The carbon interlayer spacing,crystallite size,and Nconfigurations in NGCTs are controlled by adjusting the CVD temperature(800,900,and 1000℃).The optimized NGCT-900 sample well balances the graphitic domains and structural defects,thus enabling fast K^(+)insertion/extraction below 1 V(vs.K^(+)/K).These tubular carbon membranes achieve exceptional K^(+)-storage performance including high K^(+)-storage capacities of 404 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1),ultrafast charging at 50 A·g^(-1)and a super-long cycle life of up to 6000 cycles.Ex-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD),insitu Raman,and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)analyses reveal a synergistic K^(+)-adsorptionintercalation mechanism.Further comparison with S or P heteroatoms underscores the significance of N-doping in enhancing reversible K^(+)intercalation into graphitic domains and boosting surface adsorption capacity.The fabricated NGCT-900//K_(x)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2)PIB(1.2-3.2 V)provides both a high-energy density of 187 Wh·kg^(-1)(comparable to graphite//LiFePO_(4)lithium-ion batteries(LIBs))and a high-power density of 2200 W·kg^(-1)at 123 Wh·kg^(-1).This study establishes a carbon anode design strategy for advanced potassium storage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2167202,12225504,12005276)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2024QA172)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University.
文摘A 32-channel charge-sensitive amplifier(CSA)is designed for fast timing in the delay-line readout of a parallel plate avalanche counter(PPAC)array.It is realized on a PCB with operational amplifiers and other discrete components.Each channel consists of an integrator,a pole-zero cancellation net,and a linear amplification stage,which can be adapted to accommodate either positive or negative input signals.The RMS equivalent input noise charges are 3.3 fC,the conversion gains are approximately±2 mV∕fC,and the intrinsic time resolution reaches 32 ps.In the prototype PPAC application,the CSA performs as well as the commercial FTA820A amplifier,providing a position resolution as good as 0.17 mm,and exhibiting reliable stability during several hours of continuous data acquisition.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Incorporation of anions of Acid Red 114 dye （1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 8-[2-[3,3＇-dimethyl-4＇-[2-[4- [l（4-methylphenyl）sulfonyl]oxy] phenyl]diazenyl] [1,1＇-biphenyl]-4-yl]diazenyl]-7-hydroxy-, disodium salt） （denoted as NPDA） into ZnAl-layered double hydroxides （LDHs） has been carried out by an anion- exchange method in an effort to improve their thermal stability and light fastness. After intercalation of NPDA anions, the interlayer distance of the LDHs increases from 0.87 to 2.18 nm, confirming their incorporation into the interlayer galleries of the LDHs host. Infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis revealed the presence of host-vip interactions between LDHs layers and NPDA anions. The thermal stability of NPDA and ZnAI-NPDA-LDHs was compared by thermogravimetric-differential ther- mal analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the thermal stability of NPDA anions was markedly improved by incorporation into the ZnA1-LDHs matrix, while the light fastness was also enhanced.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.2020AAA0109605(to XL)Meizhou Major Scientific and Technological Innovation PlatformsProjects of Guangdong Provincial Science & Technology Plan Projects,No.2019A0102005(to HW).
文摘Early identification and treatment of stroke can greatly improve patient outcomes and quality of life.Although clinical tests such as the Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale(CPSS)and the Face Arm Speech Test(FAST)are commonly used for stroke screening,accurate administration is dependent on specialized training.In this study,we proposed a novel multimodal deep learning approach,based on the FAST,for assessing suspected stroke patients exhibiting symptoms such as limb weakness,facial paresis,and speech disorders in acute settings.We collected a dataset comprising videos and audio recordings of emergency room patients performing designated limb movements,facial expressions,and speech tests based on the FAST.We compared the constructed deep learning model,which was designed to process multi-modal datasets,with six prior models that achieved good action classification performance,including the I3D,SlowFast,X3D,TPN,TimeSformer,and MViT.We found that the findings of our deep learning model had a higher clinical value compared with the other approaches.Moreover,the multi-modal model outperformed its single-module variants,highlighting the benefit of utilizing multiple types of patient data,such as action videos and speech audio.These results indicate that a multi-modal deep learning model combined with the FAST could greatly improve the accuracy and sensitivity of early stroke identification of stroke,thus providing a practical and powerful tool for assessing stroke patients in an emergency clinical setting.
