Patients with age-related hearing loss face hearing difficulties in daily life.The causes of age-related hearing loss are complex and include changes in peripheral hearing,central processing,and cognitive-related abil...Patients with age-related hearing loss face hearing difficulties in daily life.The causes of age-related hearing loss are complex and include changes in peripheral hearing,central processing,and cognitive-related abilities.Furthermore,the factors by which aging relates to hearing loss via changes in audito ry processing ability are still unclear.In this cross-sectional study,we evaluated 27 older adults(over 60 years old) with age-related hearing loss,21 older adults(over 60years old) with normal hearing,and 30 younger subjects(18-30 years old) with normal hearing.We used the outcome of the uppe r-threshold test,including the time-compressed thres h old and the speech recognition threshold in noisy conditions,as a behavioral indicator of auditory processing ability.We also used electroencephalogra p hy to identify presbycusis-related abnormalities in the brain while the participants were in a spontaneous resting state.The timecompressed threshold and speech recognition threshold data indicated significant diffe rences among the groups.In patients with age-related hearing loss,information masking(babble noise) had a greater effect than energy masking(speech-shaped noise) on processing difficulties.In terms of resting-state electroencephalography signals,we observed enhanced fro ntal lobe(Brodmann’s area,BA11) activation in the older adults with normal hearing compared with the younger participants with normal hearing,and greater activation in the parietal(BA7) and occipital(BA19) lobes in the individuals with age-related hearing loss compared with the younger adults.Our functional connection analysis suggested that compared with younger people,the older adults with normal hearing exhibited enhanced connections among networks,including the default mode network,sensorimotor network,cingulo-opercular network,occipital network,and frontoparietal network.These results suggest that both normal aging and the development of age-related hearing loss have a negative effect on advanced audito ry processing capabilities and that hearing loss accele rates the decline in speech comprehension,especially in speech competition situations.Older adults with normal hearing may have increased compensatory attentional resource recruitment represented by the to p-down active listening mechanism,while those with age-related hearing loss exhibit decompensation of network connections involving multisensory integration.展开更多
针对语音识别中DBN-DNN训练时间过长的问题,提出了一种DBN-DNN网络的快速训练方法。该方法从减少误差反向传播计算量的角度出发,在更新网络参数时,通过交替变换网络更新层数来实现加速;同时,也设计了逐渐减少网络全局更新频率和逐渐减...针对语音识别中DBN-DNN训练时间过长的问题,提出了一种DBN-DNN网络的快速训练方法。该方法从减少误差反向传播计算量的角度出发,在更新网络参数时,通过交替变换网络更新层数来实现加速;同时,也设计了逐渐减少网络全局更新频率和逐渐减少网络更新层数两种实施策略。这种训练方法可以与多种DNN加速训练算法相结合。实验结果表明,在不影响识别率的前提下,该方法独立使用或与随机数据筛选(stochastic data sweeping,SDS)算法、ASGD算法等DNN加速训练算法相结合,都可以取得较为理想的加速结果。展开更多
目的探讨凝视-面-臂-言语-时间(gaze-face-arm-speech-time,G-FAST)评分对院前急救卒中前循环大血管闭塞(large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation,aLVO)的诊断价值。方法选取2019年7月至2020年12月北京急救中心直属5个分...目的探讨凝视-面-臂-言语-时间(gaze-face-arm-speech-time,G-FAST)评分对院前急救卒中前循环大血管闭塞(large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation,aLVO)的诊断价值。方法选取2019年7月至2020年12月北京急救中心直属5个分中心送至宣武医院,且有完整院前G-FAST评分和入院诊断信息的卒中患者,根据缺血性卒中患者是否发生LVO分为LVO和非LVO组,采用ROC曲线分析G-FAST评分对院前卒中急救aLVO的诊断价值。结果纳入患者352例,其中急性缺血性卒中占比69.0%(243/352)。进行大血管评估的急性缺血性卒中患者149例,占急性缺血性卒中的61.3%(149/243);发生aLVO患者61例,占大血管病变评估的40.9%(61/149)、占急性缺血性卒中的25.1%(61/243)。149例大血管评估的急性缺血性卒中患者中,男100例,女49例;年龄18~93岁,平均70.5岁。与非aLVO组相比,aLVO组女性较多,G-FAST评分较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。G-FAST≥3分患者的aLVO发生率显著高于G-FAST≤2分者(68.9%比31.1%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。G-FAST评分诊断院前急救卒中aLVO的ROC曲线的AUC为0.675(95%CI:0.589~0.761,P=0.000),G-FAST的cut-off值为2.5分时,灵敏度为72.10%,特异度为58.00%。结论G-FAST评分在院前急救卒中可准确识别急性缺血性患者aLVO,早诊断aLVO将利于急性缺血性患者尽早送至高级别卒中中心。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82171138 (to YQZ),82071 062 (to YXC)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2021A1515012038 (to YXC)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.20ykpy91 (to YXC)the Sun Yat-Sen Clinical Research Cultivating Program,No.SYS-Q-201903 (to YXC)。
文摘Patients with age-related hearing loss face hearing difficulties in daily life.The causes of age-related hearing loss are complex and include changes in peripheral hearing,central processing,and cognitive-related abilities.Furthermore,the factors by which aging relates to hearing loss via changes in audito ry processing ability are still unclear.In this cross-sectional study,we evaluated 27 older adults(over 60 years old) with age-related hearing loss,21 older adults(over 60years old) with normal hearing,and 30 younger subjects(18-30 years old) with normal hearing.We used the outcome of the uppe r-threshold test,including the time-compressed thres h old and the speech recognition threshold in noisy conditions,as a behavioral indicator of auditory processing ability.We also used electroencephalogra p hy to identify presbycusis-related abnormalities in the brain while the participants were in a spontaneous resting state.The timecompressed threshold and speech recognition threshold data indicated significant diffe rences among the groups.In patients with age-related hearing loss,information masking(babble noise) had a greater effect than energy masking(speech-shaped noise) on processing difficulties.In terms of resting-state electroencephalography signals,we observed enhanced fro ntal lobe(Brodmann’s area,BA11) activation in the older adults with normal hearing compared with the younger participants with normal hearing,and greater activation in the parietal(BA7) and occipital(BA19) lobes in the individuals with age-related hearing loss compared with the younger adults.Our functional connection analysis suggested that compared with younger people,the older adults with normal hearing exhibited enhanced connections among networks,including the default mode network,sensorimotor network,cingulo-opercular network,occipital network,and frontoparietal network.These results suggest that both normal aging and the development of age-related hearing loss have a negative effect on advanced audito ry processing capabilities and that hearing loss accele rates the decline in speech comprehension,especially in speech competition situations.Older adults with normal hearing may have increased compensatory attentional resource recruitment represented by the to p-down active listening mechanism,while those with age-related hearing loss exhibit decompensation of network connections involving multisensory integration.
文摘针对语音识别中DBN-DNN训练时间过长的问题,提出了一种DBN-DNN网络的快速训练方法。该方法从减少误差反向传播计算量的角度出发,在更新网络参数时,通过交替变换网络更新层数来实现加速;同时,也设计了逐渐减少网络全局更新频率和逐渐减少网络更新层数两种实施策略。这种训练方法可以与多种DNN加速训练算法相结合。实验结果表明,在不影响识别率的前提下,该方法独立使用或与随机数据筛选(stochastic data sweeping,SDS)算法、ASGD算法等DNN加速训练算法相结合,都可以取得较为理想的加速结果。
文摘目的探讨凝视-面-臂-言语-时间(gaze-face-arm-speech-time,G-FAST)评分对院前急救卒中前循环大血管闭塞(large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation,aLVO)的诊断价值。方法选取2019年7月至2020年12月北京急救中心直属5个分中心送至宣武医院,且有完整院前G-FAST评分和入院诊断信息的卒中患者,根据缺血性卒中患者是否发生LVO分为LVO和非LVO组,采用ROC曲线分析G-FAST评分对院前卒中急救aLVO的诊断价值。结果纳入患者352例,其中急性缺血性卒中占比69.0%(243/352)。进行大血管评估的急性缺血性卒中患者149例,占急性缺血性卒中的61.3%(149/243);发生aLVO患者61例,占大血管病变评估的40.9%(61/149)、占急性缺血性卒中的25.1%(61/243)。149例大血管评估的急性缺血性卒中患者中,男100例,女49例;年龄18~93岁,平均70.5岁。与非aLVO组相比,aLVO组女性较多,G-FAST评分较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。G-FAST≥3分患者的aLVO发生率显著高于G-FAST≤2分者(68.9%比31.1%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。G-FAST评分诊断院前急救卒中aLVO的ROC曲线的AUC为0.675(95%CI:0.589~0.761,P=0.000),G-FAST的cut-off值为2.5分时,灵敏度为72.10%,特异度为58.00%。结论G-FAST评分在院前急救卒中可准确识别急性缺血性患者aLVO,早诊断aLVO将利于急性缺血性患者尽早送至高级别卒中中心。
