The Capital Iron and Steel Corporation (Shou Gang) is one of the eight major iron and steel companies in China and one of the first state-owned enterprises to be selected as a testing ground for the reform programme, ...The Capital Iron and Steel Corporation (Shou Gang) is one of the eight major iron and steel companies in China and one of the first state-owned enterprises to be selected as a testing ground for the reform programme, since it was authorized to manage its own foreign trade in 1981, the Corporation’s export trade has expanded steadily. Especially since 1992, its development in foreign trade has skyrocketed because China Shou Gang International Trade Construction Company was approved to be set up. In 1993, it exported 239,700 tons of steel. Its foreign exchange income reached US$630 million, of which the Shou Gang’s self-managed exports took up US$96.98 million. During the展开更多
(2) Other Magnetic Materials RE Giant Magnetostrictive Materials (GMM) Research of GMM in China started since 1980s but developed rapidly. The products can be produced in batches today. However, application of such ma...(2) Other Magnetic Materials RE Giant Magnetostrictive Materials (GMM) Research of GMM in China started since 1980s but developed rapidly. The products can be produced in batches today. However, application of such materials in apparatus is laggard than developed countries. GMM materials are mainly applied in step motors, linear actuators, ultrasonic systems, sonar systems, valves, precise controls, active vibration damping etc. It is estimated that the near 10 years will be the fast developing period of global GMM market. Global production of GMM materials during 1989 to 2005 is listed in Table 3.展开更多
While 30 anniversaries of China’s reform and opening-up the hottest issue in the whole country,World PR Congress 2008 hosted in Beijing in November becomes the hottest topic in the PR industry after Beijing Olympic G...While 30 anniversaries of China’s reform and opening-up the hottest issue in the whole country,World PR Congress 2008 hosted in Beijing in November becomes the hottest topic in the PR industry after Beijing Olympic Games.Just like 2008 Olympic Games symbolizing the prosperity of Chinese society,World PR Congress stands for another development climax,and also a new start of PR industry in China.展开更多
China has decided to speed-up the nuclear power development.It is programmed that the nuclear power capacity will reach 40 GWe in 2020 and envisaged 60 GWe and 240 GWe in 2030 and 2050 respectively.The basic strategy ...China has decided to speed-up the nuclear power development.It is programmed that the nuclear power capacity will reach 40 GWe in 2020 and envisaged 60 GWe and 240 GWe in 2030 and 2050 respectively.The basic strategy of PWR-FBR matched development with Fast reactor metal fuel closed cycle for a sustainable and quick increasing nuclear energy supply is adopted.Another strategy also decided is that the partitioning and transmutation of MA will be realized using fast burner and ADS.The fast reactor engineering development will be divided into three steps:China Experimental Fast Reactor(CEFR 65 MWt/20 MWe),China Prototype/Demonstration Fast Reactor(CPFR/CDFR ≥ 1 500 MWt/600 MWe)and China Demonstration Fast Breeder Reactor(CDFBR 1 000～1 500 MWe).The CEFR is under installation and pre-operation testing with it's first criticality planned in 2009.The design study of CPFR is just started in 2006.Recently a discussion for the second step is under way to faster the fast reactor development by a larger than 600 MWe CPFR and as a role of CDFR.展开更多
Problems in water-land resources and environmental quality increase with the fast economic development in the coastal region of southeastern China. This region has the highest density in population, industry and towns...Problems in water-land resources and environmental quality increase with the fast economic development in the coastal region of southeastern China. This region has the highest density in population, industry and towns in China, and the large export-oriented economy makes itself a strategic importance while China enters into international markets. The problems facing to this region include arable land reduction, land degradation aggravation, high percentage of built-up land with high rate of expansion, expanded non-point pollution, deteriorated water quality, decreasing biodiversity, destroyed ecosystems, severe air pollution, frequently occurred acid rain, and multi-pollutants. The important research fields in the near future should include a) influence of high-intensity exploitation of resources on changes of environment quality and its feedback; b) interface processes, key mechanisms and adjustment principles for degradation of water-, land-, and air-resources and environmental quality; c) evolvement processes and nurturing theory of biodiversity and ecological resources; and d) spatio-temporal variation and human-induced effects on regional resources and environment quality. Strategies for sustainable development in the region are as follows: a) controlling to ensure basic cultivated land area; b) enforcing remediation of polluted water environment, and controlling non-point pollution; c) strengthening ecological construction and ecological security; and d) controlling multi-pollution and preventing trace toxic pollutants.展开更多
A rapid, accurate, and precise chiral Ultra fast liquid chromatography (UFLC) method was developed and validated for enantiomeric separation of racemic vildagliptin and <i>S</i>-vildagliptin according to t...A rapid, accurate, and precise chiral Ultra fast liquid chromatography (UFLC) method was developed and validated for enantiomeric separation of racemic vildagliptin and <i>S</i>-vildagliptin according to the guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). The chiral chromatographic separation was achieved with a mobile phase consisting of 20 mM borax buffer (pH 9.0 ± 0.05), ACN, and 0.1% Triethylamine (50:50:0.1, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min using a chiralcel OD-RH column, tris(3,5-dimethyl phenyl carbamate) (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column. The UFLC analysis was monitored at 210 nm. The method showed good linearity with a regression coefficient (r<sup>2</sup>) of 0.999 in the range of 1 - 12 μg/ml for <i>S</i>-vilda. The detection limit (LOD), quantitation limit (LOQ), and the average percentage recovery for <i>S</i>-vilda were found to be 0.024, 0.075 μg/mL, and 99.19% to 100.4%, respectively. The percentages of relative standard deviation (% RSD) for intra- and inter-day precision were found to be 0.346% and 0.364%, respectively. The developed method proved to be reproducible as % RSD was <2% and it had robustness within the acceptable limit. The percentage purity of pharmaceutical preparations of <i>S</i>-vilda was found to be 99.19 w/w. The proposed chiral method can be put in application for the enantiomeric purity determination of <i>S</i>-vilda formulations.展开更多
为精确描述水力压裂后复杂裂缝系统的压力动态特征,提出一种基于扩散飞行时间(diffusive time of flight,DTOF)的快速数值试井分析方法.将嵌入式离散裂缝模型(embedded discrete fracture model,EDFM)与波前快速推进法(fast marching me...为精确描述水力压裂后复杂裂缝系统的压力动态特征,提出一种基于扩散飞行时间(diffusive time of flight,DTOF)的快速数值试井分析方法.将嵌入式离散裂缝模型(embedded discrete fracture model,EDFM)与波前快速推进法(fast marching method,FMM)相结合,建立以一维扩散飞行时间为空间坐标的渗流控制方程,并以此分析复杂裂缝系统试井曲线特征.研究表明,天然裂缝对非稳态渗流有较大影响,在天然裂缝和人工裂缝组合下,试井曲线表现出多种不同特征流动段的组合:仅考虑天然裂缝时,双对数曲线表现为井筒储集阶段、径向流阶段、过渡阶段和边界流阶段;考虑单一人工裂缝时,双对数曲线表现为井筒储集阶段、双线性流阶段、径向流阶段和边界流阶段;随着人工裂缝条数增加,储层的连通性得到较大改善,双对数曲线则表现为井筒储集阶段、线性流阶段和边界流阶段.本研究构建的数值模型在现场实例中得到了良好的应用,为复杂裂缝系统试井提供了新的方法.展开更多
文摘The Capital Iron and Steel Corporation (Shou Gang) is one of the eight major iron and steel companies in China and one of the first state-owned enterprises to be selected as a testing ground for the reform programme, since it was authorized to manage its own foreign trade in 1981, the Corporation’s export trade has expanded steadily. Especially since 1992, its development in foreign trade has skyrocketed because China Shou Gang International Trade Construction Company was approved to be set up. In 1993, it exported 239,700 tons of steel. Its foreign exchange income reached US$630 million, of which the Shou Gang’s self-managed exports took up US$96.98 million. During the
文摘(2) Other Magnetic Materials RE Giant Magnetostrictive Materials (GMM) Research of GMM in China started since 1980s but developed rapidly. The products can be produced in batches today. However, application of such materials in apparatus is laggard than developed countries. GMM materials are mainly applied in step motors, linear actuators, ultrasonic systems, sonar systems, valves, precise controls, active vibration damping etc. It is estimated that the near 10 years will be the fast developing period of global GMM market. Global production of GMM materials during 1989 to 2005 is listed in Table 3.
文摘While 30 anniversaries of China’s reform and opening-up the hottest issue in the whole country,World PR Congress 2008 hosted in Beijing in November becomes the hottest topic in the PR industry after Beijing Olympic Games.Just like 2008 Olympic Games symbolizing the prosperity of Chinese society,World PR Congress stands for another development climax,and also a new start of PR industry in China.
文摘China has decided to speed-up the nuclear power development.It is programmed that the nuclear power capacity will reach 40 GWe in 2020 and envisaged 60 GWe and 240 GWe in 2030 and 2050 respectively.The basic strategy of PWR-FBR matched development with Fast reactor metal fuel closed cycle for a sustainable and quick increasing nuclear energy supply is adopted.Another strategy also decided is that the partitioning and transmutation of MA will be realized using fast burner and ADS.The fast reactor engineering development will be divided into three steps:China Experimental Fast Reactor(CEFR 65 MWt/20 MWe),China Prototype/Demonstration Fast Reactor(CPFR/CDFR ≥ 1 500 MWt/600 MWe)and China Demonstration Fast Breeder Reactor(CDFBR 1 000～1 500 MWe).The CEFR is under installation and pre-operation testing with it's first criticality planned in 2009.The design study of CPFR is just started in 2006.Recently a discussion for the second step is under way to faster the fast reactor development by a larger than 600 MWe CPFR and as a role of CDFR.
基金Project (No. G1999011801) supported by the National Key Basic Research Support Foundation (NKBRSF) of China.
文摘Problems in water-land resources and environmental quality increase with the fast economic development in the coastal region of southeastern China. This region has the highest density in population, industry and towns in China, and the large export-oriented economy makes itself a strategic importance while China enters into international markets. The problems facing to this region include arable land reduction, land degradation aggravation, high percentage of built-up land with high rate of expansion, expanded non-point pollution, deteriorated water quality, decreasing biodiversity, destroyed ecosystems, severe air pollution, frequently occurred acid rain, and multi-pollutants. The important research fields in the near future should include a) influence of high-intensity exploitation of resources on changes of environment quality and its feedback; b) interface processes, key mechanisms and adjustment principles for degradation of water-, land-, and air-resources and environmental quality; c) evolvement processes and nurturing theory of biodiversity and ecological resources; and d) spatio-temporal variation and human-induced effects on regional resources and environment quality. Strategies for sustainable development in the region are as follows: a) controlling to ensure basic cultivated land area; b) enforcing remediation of polluted water environment, and controlling non-point pollution; c) strengthening ecological construction and ecological security; and d) controlling multi-pollution and preventing trace toxic pollutants.
文摘A rapid, accurate, and precise chiral Ultra fast liquid chromatography (UFLC) method was developed and validated for enantiomeric separation of racemic vildagliptin and <i>S</i>-vildagliptin according to the guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). The chiral chromatographic separation was achieved with a mobile phase consisting of 20 mM borax buffer (pH 9.0 ± 0.05), ACN, and 0.1% Triethylamine (50:50:0.1, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min using a chiralcel OD-RH column, tris(3,5-dimethyl phenyl carbamate) (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column. The UFLC analysis was monitored at 210 nm. The method showed good linearity with a regression coefficient (r<sup>2</sup>) of 0.999 in the range of 1 - 12 μg/ml for <i>S</i>-vilda. The detection limit (LOD), quantitation limit (LOQ), and the average percentage recovery for <i>S</i>-vilda were found to be 0.024, 0.075 μg/mL, and 99.19% to 100.4%, respectively. The percentages of relative standard deviation (% RSD) for intra- and inter-day precision were found to be 0.346% and 0.364%, respectively. The developed method proved to be reproducible as % RSD was <2% and it had robustness within the acceptable limit. The percentage purity of pharmaceutical preparations of <i>S</i>-vilda was found to be 99.19 w/w. The proposed chiral method can be put in application for the enantiomeric purity determination of <i>S</i>-vilda formulations.
文摘为精确描述水力压裂后复杂裂缝系统的压力动态特征,提出一种基于扩散飞行时间(diffusive time of flight,DTOF)的快速数值试井分析方法.将嵌入式离散裂缝模型(embedded discrete fracture model,EDFM)与波前快速推进法(fast marching method,FMM)相结合,建立以一维扩散飞行时间为空间坐标的渗流控制方程,并以此分析复杂裂缝系统试井曲线特征.研究表明,天然裂缝对非稳态渗流有较大影响,在天然裂缝和人工裂缝组合下,试井曲线表现出多种不同特征流动段的组合:仅考虑天然裂缝时,双对数曲线表现为井筒储集阶段、径向流阶段、过渡阶段和边界流阶段;考虑单一人工裂缝时,双对数曲线表现为井筒储集阶段、双线性流阶段、径向流阶段和边界流阶段;随着人工裂缝条数增加,储层的连通性得到较大改善,双对数曲线则表现为井筒储集阶段、线性流阶段和边界流阶段.本研究构建的数值模型在现场实例中得到了良好的应用,为复杂裂缝系统试井提供了新的方法.
