In the disturbance of unsteady flow field under the sea, the monitoring accuracy and precision of the bottom-mounted acoustic monitoring platform will decrease. In order to reduce the hydrodynamic interference, the pl...In the disturbance of unsteady flow field under the sea, the monitoring accuracy and precision of the bottom-mounted acoustic monitoring platform will decrease. In order to reduce the hydrodynamic interference, the platform wrapped with fairing structure and separated from the retrieval unit is described. The suppression effect evaluation based on the correlation theory of sound pressure and particle velocity for spherical wave in infinite homogeneous medium is proposed and the difference value between them is used to evaluate the hydrodynamic restraining performance of the bottom-mounted platform under far field condition. Through the sea test, it is indicated that the platform with sparse layers fairing structure(there are two layers for the fairing, in which the inside layer is 6-layers sparse metal net, and the outside layer is 1-layer polyester cloth, and then it takes sparse layers for short) has no attenuation in the sound pressure response to the sound source signal, but obvious suppression in the velocity response to the hydrodynamic noise. The effective frequency of the fairing structure is decreased below 10 Hz, and the noise magnitude is reduced by 10 d B. With the comparison of different fairing structures, it is concluded that the tighter fairing structure can enhance the performance of sound transmission and flow restraining.展开更多
The problem of ship hull plate processing surface fairing with constraints based on B-spline is solved in this paper. The algorithm for B-spline curve fairing with constraints is one of the most common methods in plan...The problem of ship hull plate processing surface fairing with constraints based on B-spline is solved in this paper. The algorithm for B-spline curve fairing with constraints is one of the most common methods in plane curve fairing. The algorithm can be applied to global and local curve fairing. It can constrain the perturbation range of the control points and the shape variation of the curve, and get a better fairing result in plane curves. In this paper, a new fairing algorithm with constraints for curves and surfaces in space is presented. Then this method is applied to the experiments of ship hull plate processing surface. Finally numerical results are obtained to show the efficiency of this method.展开更多
A method of fairing B spline surfaces by wavelet decomposition is investigated. The wavelet decomposition and reconstruction of quasi uniform bicubic B spline surfaces are described in detail. A method is introduce...A method of fairing B spline surfaces by wavelet decomposition is investigated. The wavelet decomposition and reconstruction of quasi uniform bicubic B spline surfaces are described in detail. A method is introduced to approximate a B spline surface by a quasi uniform one. An error control approach for wavelet based fairing is suggested. Samples are given to show the feasibility of the algorithms presented in this paper. The practice showed that the wavelet based fairing is better than energy based one in case where the number of vertices of the B spline surface is greater than 1000. The quantitative variance of the approximation error in accordance with the change of decomposition levels needs to be further explored.展开更多
A global energy fairing method,applied to automated fiber placement(AFP)tool path,was proposed.The main purpose was to improve the adaptability of AFP path towards part with sharp curvature variation as well as produc...A global energy fairing method,applied to automated fiber placement(AFP)tool path,was proposed.The main purpose was to improve the adaptability of AFP path towards part with sharp curvature variation as well as product quality.The relation between path geometric property and manufacturing property was discussed and a series of experiments were carried out.Based on cubic B-Spline global fairing method,the AFP tool path was faired which decreased the tool path curvature and curvature changing rate.Compared with initial ones,the path faired by the proposed method was relatively flat and smooth,which contributed to layup efficiency and reducing bulking defects.The method was demonstrated potentials in application for AFP manufacturing,especially for aeronautic and aerospace industry practice.展开更多
A method for fairing a surface composed of a set of discrete data points distributed in a nonrectangular topological mesh is presented.All curves are expressed by nonuniform cubic B-spline curves.The fairing method is...A method for fairing a surface composed of a set of discrete data points distributed in a nonrectangular topological mesh is presented.All curves are expressed by nonuniform cubic B-spline curves.The fairing method is minimizing the elastic strain energy of mesh curves and of springs at- tached to the data points.The fairing surface can be generated by interpolating through the mesh curves.The generation and fairing of a ship hull surface is given as an example.展开更多
A new method to the problem of fairing planar cubic B-spline curves is introduced in this paper. The method is based on weighted progressive iterative approximation （WPIA for short） and consists of following steps：...A new method to the problem of fairing planar cubic B-spline curves is introduced in this paper. The method is based on weighted progressive iterative approximation （WPIA for short） and consists of following steps： finding the bad point which needs to fair, deleting the bad point, re-inserting a new data point to keep the structm-e of the curve and applying WPIA method with the new set of the data points to obtain the faired curve. The new set of the data points is formed by the rest of the original data points and the new inserted point. The method can be used for shape design and data processing. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
Kjellander has reported an algorithm for fairing uniform parametric cubic splines. Poliakoff extended Kjellander’s algorithm to non-uniform case. However, they merely changed the bad point’s position, and neglected ...Kjellander has reported an algorithm for fairing uniform parametric cubic splines. Poliakoff extended Kjellander’s algorithm to non-uniform case. However, they merely changed the bad point’s position, and neglected the smoothing of tangent at bad point. In this paper, we present a fairing algorithm that both changed point’s position and its corresponding tangent vector. The new algorithm possesses the minimum property of energy. We also proved Poliakoff’s fairing algorithm is a deduction of our fairing algorithm. Several fairing examples are given in this paper.展开更多
To many industrial products such as cell phone, family appliance, vehicle, a pretty shape of nice visual effect is indispensable. To fulfill this target, designers are endeavoring to make the curve and surface of the ...To many industrial products such as cell phone, family appliance, vehicle, a pretty shape of nice visual effect is indispensable. To fulfill this target, designers are endeavoring to make the curve and surface of the products smooth and continuous during the shape design. Through the analysis and generalization of the present smoothing methods, the energy optimization method which combines the merits of energy method and least squares method together is studied, the target function of energy optimization method is derived, the solution to the target function and steps of curve fairing is introduced, the skills and methods building A-class surface which are based on cloud data measured from 3D scanning are studied, the validity of energy optimization method is verified with the example of the shape design ofa mini-EV as well.展开更多
A pantograph serves as a vital device for the collection of electricity in trains.However,its aerodynamic resistance can limit the train’s running speed.As installing fairings around the pantograph is known to effect...A pantograph serves as a vital device for the collection of electricity in trains.However,its aerodynamic resistance can limit the train’s running speed.As installing fairings around the pantograph is known to effectively reduce the resistance,in this study,different fairing lengths are considered and the related aerodynamic performances of pantograph are assessed.In particular,this is accomplished through numerical simulations based on the k-ωShear Stress Transport(SST)two-equation turbulence model.The results indicate that the fairing diminishes the direct impact of high-speed airflow on the pantograph,thereby reducing its aerodynamic resistance.However,it also induces interferences in the flow field around the train,leading to variations in the aerodynamic resistance and lift of train components.It is shown that a maximum reduction of 56.52%in pantograph aerodynamic resistance and a peak decrease of 3.38%in total train aerodynamic resistance can be achieved.展开更多
Resorting to cubic spline function instead of parametric spline representation, an explicit fairness indicator and an efficient fairing algorithm for 2D curves are presented. The input point sequence is firstly partit...Resorting to cubic spline function instead of parametric spline representation, an explicit fairness indicator and an efficient fairing algorithm for 2D curves are presented. The input point sequence is firstly partitioned into several overlapped function segments. For each segment, a cubic spline function is used as the representation tool which entails a polyline approximation of curvature plot. Based on the extrinsic relationship between the polyline and the positions of data points, a coarse-to-fine faring method is proposed which efficiently identifies and eliminates the unnecessary inflection points. Our algorithm generates the best results to date, which is validated by numerous practical examples.展开更多
A method of fairing parametric cubic B_spline curves and bicubic B_spline surfaces is presented. The basic idea of the method is to reposition the control points by an optimization process.A new objectijve function pr...A method of fairing parametric cubic B_spline curves and bicubic B_spline surfaces is presented. The basic idea of the method is to reposition the control points by an optimization process.A new objectijve function presented is based on the variation of the third order derivatives of the cubic B_spline curves and bicubic B_spline surfaces at the nodes. The curves and surfaces faired using this method tend to possess curvature continuities. The numerical examples show that the effect of this method is acceptable.展开更多
A new approach for NURBS(Non-uniform rational B-spline) curve and surface fitting for measured points was presented which employs a fairing method applied to digitized point data with discrete curvature. If measured p...A new approach for NURBS(Non-uniform rational B-spline) curve and surface fitting for measured points was presented which employs a fairing method applied to digitized point data with discrete curvature. If measured points are used as control points to construct an NURBS curve, then the curvature of each data point corresponding to control point of the constructed curve can be computed. According to the convex hull and local properties of NURBS, based on the curvatures obtained, the measured points can be faired. If faired measured points are used as target points to modify, the constructed curve passing through these faired points can produce a smooth NURBS curve. This paper also presented the justification for utilizing the curvatures of constructed NURBS curve instead of the conventional interpolated curve to fair the measured points. Based on the presented algorithms, some qualities of the constructed curves can be improved.展开更多
【目的】围绕AI场景下科学数据的共享与利用问题,针对现有FAIR原则不足以指导科学数据满足AI就绪的现状,构建面向AI就绪的科学数据共享与利用原则框架。【方法】通过系统梳理传统机器学习、大模型预训练、大模型微调、检索增强生成及智...【目的】围绕AI场景下科学数据的共享与利用问题,针对现有FAIR原则不足以指导科学数据满足AI就绪的现状,构建面向AI就绪的科学数据共享与利用原则框架。【方法】通过系统梳理传统机器学习、大模型预训练、大模型微调、检索增强生成及智能体等5类典型AI任务的数据需求,在传统FAIR“四可”维度的基础上,提出面向AI就绪(即For AI Ready)的科学数据共享与利用原则框架FAIR×FAIR,进而提出与框架相适应的层次化技术栈。【结果】FAIR×FAIR框架明确了13项科学数据满足AI就绪的技术要求,为弥合AI任务与科学数据之间的语义鸿沟提供了系统化方案。【局限】本研究提出的原则框架其实施效果仍需通过后续领域应用案例进一步验证。【结论】FAIR×FAIR框架为AI时代的科学数据共享与高效利用提供了理论依据和实践路径,对推动数据驱动型科研范式的演进具有重要意义。展开更多
[目的]针对现有海洋科学数据存在多源异构、质量参差不齐、交互性低等问题,对海洋科学数据治理框架进行研究,以推动海洋科学数据的开放共享与权益保护,实现数据共享可持续发展.[方法]参照国际海洋观测计划规范,融合FAIR原则(findable,ac...[目的]针对现有海洋科学数据存在多源异构、质量参差不齐、交互性低等问题,对海洋科学数据治理框架进行研究,以推动海洋科学数据的开放共享与权益保护,实现数据共享可持续发展.[方法]参照国际海洋观测计划规范,融合FAIR原则(findable,accessible,interoperable,reusable,可发现、可获取、可交互和可再利用)和CARE原则(collective benefit,authority to control,responsibility,ethics,集体利益、控制权、责任与伦理),对海洋科学数据进行全生命周期的治理.[结果]本研究基于全生命周期的不同责任主体,构建“FAIR+CARE原则”融合的海洋科学数据治理框架和实施路径,并应用于痕量元素及同位素海洋生物地球化学循环国际研究(GEOTRACES)中国项目的海洋科学数据治理中,实现数据申请与共享“零”拒绝,提高了科学家共享和开放数据的意愿.[结论]这一新框架推动了数据的开放共享与可持续发展,并可推广应用到其他领域的大数据治理中,为我国构建符合国际规范、兼顾技术与伦理责任的数据治理研究提供参考.展开更多
The problem of real-time trajectory optimization for small solid launch vehicle of operational responsive space (ORS) was studied by using pseudospectral method. According to the characteristic of the trajectory desig...The problem of real-time trajectory optimization for small solid launch vehicle of operational responsive space (ORS) was studied by using pseudospectral method. According to the characteristic of the trajectory design, the dynamics model was set up in the inertia right-angled reference frame, and the equation and parameter at the orbit injection point were simplified and converted. The infinite dimension dynamic optimal control problem was converted to a finite dimension static state optimization problem and the algorithm reduced the complexity so as to become a general algorithm in trajectories optimization. With the trajectories optimization of a three-stage solid vehicle with a liquor upper stage as example, the model of the trajectory optimization was set up and simulations were carried out. The results demonstrated the advantage and validity of the pseudospectral method. The rejection time of fairing was also analyzed by the simulation results, and the optimal flight procedure and trajectory were obtained.展开更多
Fibre Extrusion Technology Ltd(FET)of Leeds,UK reported another successful exhibition at COMPAMED 2025 in Dusseldorf,following closely on the heels of ITMA ASIA in Singapore.This was the second time that FET had exhib...Fibre Extrusion Technology Ltd(FET)of Leeds,UK reported another successful exhibition at COMPAMED 2025 in Dusseldorf,following closely on the heels of ITMA ASIA in Singapore.This was the second time that FET had exhibited at this leading international trade fair for the medical technology supplier sector,a reflection of the company’s growing role in this sector.More than half of FET’s turnover is currently derived from the burgeoning medical market.COMPAMED is aimed at suppliers of a wide range of high-quality medical technology components,services and production equipment for the medical industry.FET’s expanding role in the medical sector is therefore an ideal fit for this trade show.展开更多
引言深圳,这座以创新为基因、以制造为根基的城市,聚集了超4000家机器人核心企业,形成了覆盖核心零部件、系统集成、场景应用的完整产业链条,成为我国机器人产业的创新高地与出海枢纽。机器人全产业链接会FAIR plus 2026开幕前夕,中国...引言深圳,这座以创新为基因、以制造为根基的城市,聚集了超4000家机器人核心企业,形成了覆盖核心零部件、系统集成、场景应用的完整产业链条,成为我国机器人产业的创新高地与出海枢纽。机器人全产业链接会FAIR plus 2026开幕前夕,中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院产业发展中心主任、深圳市机器人协会常务副理事长兼秘书长毕亚雷接受《机器人产业》杂志专访,分享产业最新洞察与前沿思考,为推动产业发展提供路径参考。展开更多
Globally,diabetes and glaucoma account for a high number of people suffering from severe vision loss and blindness.To treat these vision disorders effectively,proper diagnosis must occur in a timely manner,and with co...Globally,diabetes and glaucoma account for a high number of people suffering from severe vision loss and blindness.To treat these vision disorders effectively,proper diagnosis must occur in a timely manner,and with conventional methods such as fundus photography,optical coherence tomography(OCT),and slit-lamp imaging,much depends on an expert’s interpretation of the images,making the systems very labor-intensive to operate.Moreover,clinical settings face difficulties with inter-observer variability and limited scalability with these diagnostic devices.To solve these problems,we have developed the Efficient Channel-Spatial Attention Network(ECSA-Net),a new deep learning-based methodology that integrates lightweight channel-and spatial-attention modules into a convolutional neural network.Ultimately,ECSA-Net improves the efficiency of computational resource use while enhancing discriminative feature extraction from retinal images.The ECSA-Net methodology was validated by conducting a series of classification accuracy tests using two publicly available eye disease datasets and was benchmark against a number of different pretrained convolutional neural network(CNN)architectures.The results showed that the ECSA-Net achieved classification accuracies of 60.00%and 69.92%,respectively,while using only a compact architecture with 0.56 million parameters.This represents a reduction in parameter size by a factor of 14×to 247×compared to other pretrained models.Additionally,the attention modules added to the architecture significantly increased sensitivity to disease-relevant regions of the retina while maintaining low computational cost,making ECSA-Net a viable option for real-time clinical use.ECSA-Net is both efficient and accurate in automating the classification of eye diseases,combining high performance with the ethical considerations of medical artificial intelligence(AI)deployment.The ECSA-Net frameworkmitigates algorithmic bias in training datasets and protects individuals’privacy and transparency in decision-making,thereby facilitating human-AI collaboration.The two areas of technical performance and ethical integration are needed for the responsible and scalable use of ECSA-Net in a variety of ophthalmic care settings.展开更多
Ningbo,a port city located on the coast of the East China Sea,has taken the lead in holding the Central and Eastern European Countries'Products Fair since 2014 by virtue of its long tradition of the Maritime Silk ...Ningbo,a port city located on the coast of the East China Sea,has taken the lead in holding the Central and Eastern European Countries'Products Fair since 2014 by virtue of its long tradition of the Maritime Silk Road and its position as a modern logistics hub.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2016DQ18)Shandong Provincial Key Technologies of Independent Innovation Project(Grant No.2014GJJS0101)
文摘In the disturbance of unsteady flow field under the sea, the monitoring accuracy and precision of the bottom-mounted acoustic monitoring platform will decrease. In order to reduce the hydrodynamic interference, the platform wrapped with fairing structure and separated from the retrieval unit is described. The suppression effect evaluation based on the correlation theory of sound pressure and particle velocity for spherical wave in infinite homogeneous medium is proposed and the difference value between them is used to evaluate the hydrodynamic restraining performance of the bottom-mounted platform under far field condition. Through the sea test, it is indicated that the platform with sparse layers fairing structure(there are two layers for the fairing, in which the inside layer is 6-layers sparse metal net, and the outside layer is 1-layer polyester cloth, and then it takes sparse layers for short) has no attenuation in the sound pressure response to the sound source signal, but obvious suppression in the velocity response to the hydrodynamic noise. The effective frequency of the fairing structure is decreased below 10 Hz, and the noise magnitude is reduced by 10 d B. With the comparison of different fairing structures, it is concluded that the tighter fairing structure can enhance the performance of sound transmission and flow restraining.
基金Supported by Hi -tech Research and Development Program of China(No. 2001AA421200).
文摘The problem of ship hull plate processing surface fairing with constraints based on B-spline is solved in this paper. The algorithm for B-spline curve fairing with constraints is one of the most common methods in plane curve fairing. The algorithm can be applied to global and local curve fairing. It can constrain the perturbation range of the control points and the shape variation of the curve, and get a better fairing result in plane curves. In this paper, a new fairing algorithm with constraints for curves and surfaces in space is presented. Then this method is applied to the experiments of ship hull plate processing surface. Finally numerical results are obtained to show the efficiency of this method.
文摘A method of fairing B spline surfaces by wavelet decomposition is investigated. The wavelet decomposition and reconstruction of quasi uniform bicubic B spline surfaces are described in detail. A method is introduced to approximate a B spline surface by a quasi uniform one. An error control approach for wavelet based fairing is suggested. Samples are given to show the feasibility of the algorithms presented in this paper. The practice showed that the wavelet based fairing is better than energy based one in case where the number of vertices of the B spline surface is greater than 1000. The quantitative variance of the approximation error in accordance with the change of decomposition levels needs to be further explored.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Projects of China (No.2016ZX04002-001-07)Basic Scientific Research Fund(56XAA15057)
文摘A global energy fairing method,applied to automated fiber placement(AFP)tool path,was proposed.The main purpose was to improve the adaptability of AFP path towards part with sharp curvature variation as well as product quality.The relation between path geometric property and manufacturing property was discussed and a series of experiments were carried out.Based on cubic B-Spline global fairing method,the AFP tool path was faired which decreased the tool path curvature and curvature changing rate.Compared with initial ones,the path faired by the proposed method was relatively flat and smooth,which contributed to layup efficiency and reducing bulking defects.The method was demonstrated potentials in application for AFP manufacturing,especially for aeronautic and aerospace industry practice.
文摘A method for fairing a surface composed of a set of discrete data points distributed in a nonrectangular topological mesh is presented.All curves are expressed by nonuniform cubic B-spline curves.The fairing method is minimizing the elastic strain energy of mesh curves and of springs at- tached to the data points.The fairing surface can be generated by interpolating through the mesh curves.The generation and fairing of a ship hull surface is given as an example.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1135003 and No.61100126)Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China for Young Scholars(No.20100111120023,No.20110111120026)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.11040606Q42)
文摘A new method to the problem of fairing planar cubic B-spline curves is introduced in this paper. The method is based on weighted progressive iterative approximation （WPIA for short） and consists of following steps： finding the bad point which needs to fair, deleting the bad point, re-inserting a new data point to keep the structm-e of the curve and applying WPIA method with the new set of the data points to obtain the faired curve. The new set of the data points is formed by the rest of the original data points and the new inserted point. The method can be used for shape design and data processing. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
基金Project (No. 10371026) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Kjellander has reported an algorithm for fairing uniform parametric cubic splines. Poliakoff extended Kjellander’s algorithm to non-uniform case. However, they merely changed the bad point’s position, and neglected the smoothing of tangent at bad point. In this paper, we present a fairing algorithm that both changed point’s position and its corresponding tangent vector. The new algorithm possesses the minimum property of energy. We also proved Poliakoff’s fairing algorithm is a deduction of our fairing algorithm. Several fairing examples are given in this paper.
文摘To many industrial products such as cell phone, family appliance, vehicle, a pretty shape of nice visual effect is indispensable. To fulfill this target, designers are endeavoring to make the curve and surface of the products smooth and continuous during the shape design. Through the analysis and generalization of the present smoothing methods, the energy optimization method which combines the merits of energy method and least squares method together is studied, the target function of energy optimization method is derived, the solution to the target function and steps of curve fairing is introduced, the skills and methods building A-class surface which are based on cloud data measured from 3D scanning are studied, the validity of energy optimization method is verified with the example of the shape design ofa mini-EV as well.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12172308,52072319)the Independent Project of State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System(2023TPL-T06).
文摘A pantograph serves as a vital device for the collection of electricity in trains.However,its aerodynamic resistance can limit the train’s running speed.As installing fairings around the pantograph is known to effectively reduce the resistance,in this study,different fairing lengths are considered and the related aerodynamic performances of pantograph are assessed.In particular,this is accomplished through numerical simulations based on the k-ωShear Stress Transport(SST)two-equation turbulence model.The results indicate that the fairing diminishes the direct impact of high-speed airflow on the pantograph,thereby reducing its aerodynamic resistance.However,it also induces interferences in the flow field around the train,leading to variations in the aerodynamic resistance and lift of train components.It is shown that a maximum reduction of 56.52%in pantograph aerodynamic resistance and a peak decrease of 3.38%in total train aerodynamic resistance can be achieved.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61222206,11526212)
文摘Resorting to cubic spline function instead of parametric spline representation, an explicit fairness indicator and an efficient fairing algorithm for 2D curves are presented. The input point sequence is firstly partitioned into several overlapped function segments. For each segment, a cubic spline function is used as the representation tool which entails a polyline approximation of curvature plot. Based on the extrinsic relationship between the polyline and the positions of data points, a coarse-to-fine faring method is proposed which efficiently identifies and eliminates the unnecessary inflection points. Our algorithm generates the best results to date, which is validated by numerous practical examples.
文摘A method of fairing parametric cubic B_spline curves and bicubic B_spline surfaces is presented. The basic idea of the method is to reposition the control points by an optimization process.A new objectijve function presented is based on the variation of the third order derivatives of the cubic B_spline curves and bicubic B_spline surfaces at the nodes. The curves and surfaces faired using this method tend to possess curvature continuities. The numerical examples show that the effect of this method is acceptable.
基金The Rising Star Project of Shanghai (No.06QA14026) The International Coopera-tion Project of Shanghai (No.41107049)
文摘A new approach for NURBS(Non-uniform rational B-spline) curve and surface fitting for measured points was presented which employs a fairing method applied to digitized point data with discrete curvature. If measured points are used as control points to construct an NURBS curve, then the curvature of each data point corresponding to control point of the constructed curve can be computed. According to the convex hull and local properties of NURBS, based on the curvatures obtained, the measured points can be faired. If faired measured points are used as target points to modify, the constructed curve passing through these faired points can produce a smooth NURBS curve. This paper also presented the justification for utilizing the curvatures of constructed NURBS curve instead of the conventional interpolated curve to fair the measured points. Based on the presented algorithms, some qualities of the constructed curves can be improved.
文摘【目的】围绕AI场景下科学数据的共享与利用问题,针对现有FAIR原则不足以指导科学数据满足AI就绪的现状,构建面向AI就绪的科学数据共享与利用原则框架。【方法】通过系统梳理传统机器学习、大模型预训练、大模型微调、检索增强生成及智能体等5类典型AI任务的数据需求,在传统FAIR“四可”维度的基础上,提出面向AI就绪(即For AI Ready)的科学数据共享与利用原则框架FAIR×FAIR,进而提出与框架相适应的层次化技术栈。【结果】FAIR×FAIR框架明确了13项科学数据满足AI就绪的技术要求,为弥合AI任务与科学数据之间的语义鸿沟提供了系统化方案。【局限】本研究提出的原则框架其实施效果仍需通过后续领域应用案例进一步验证。【结论】FAIR×FAIR框架为AI时代的科学数据共享与高效利用提供了理论依据和实践路径,对推动数据驱动型科研范式的演进具有重要意义。
文摘[目的]针对现有海洋科学数据存在多源异构、质量参差不齐、交互性低等问题,对海洋科学数据治理框架进行研究,以推动海洋科学数据的开放共享与权益保护,实现数据共享可持续发展.[方法]参照国际海洋观测计划规范,融合FAIR原则(findable,accessible,interoperable,reusable,可发现、可获取、可交互和可再利用)和CARE原则(collective benefit,authority to control,responsibility,ethics,集体利益、控制权、责任与伦理),对海洋科学数据进行全生命周期的治理.[结果]本研究基于全生命周期的不同责任主体,构建“FAIR+CARE原则”融合的海洋科学数据治理框架和实施路径,并应用于痕量元素及同位素海洋生物地球化学循环国际研究(GEOTRACES)中国项目的海洋科学数据治理中,实现数据申请与共享“零”拒绝,提高了科学家共享和开放数据的意愿.[结论]这一新框架推动了数据的开放共享与可持续发展,并可推广应用到其他领域的大数据治理中,为我国构建符合国际规范、兼顾技术与伦理责任的数据治理研究提供参考.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China ("863" Program)
文摘The problem of real-time trajectory optimization for small solid launch vehicle of operational responsive space (ORS) was studied by using pseudospectral method. According to the characteristic of the trajectory design, the dynamics model was set up in the inertia right-angled reference frame, and the equation and parameter at the orbit injection point were simplified and converted. The infinite dimension dynamic optimal control problem was converted to a finite dimension static state optimization problem and the algorithm reduced the complexity so as to become a general algorithm in trajectories optimization. With the trajectories optimization of a three-stage solid vehicle with a liquor upper stage as example, the model of the trajectory optimization was set up and simulations were carried out. The results demonstrated the advantage and validity of the pseudospectral method. The rejection time of fairing was also analyzed by the simulation results, and the optimal flight procedure and trajectory were obtained.
文摘Fibre Extrusion Technology Ltd(FET)of Leeds,UK reported another successful exhibition at COMPAMED 2025 in Dusseldorf,following closely on the heels of ITMA ASIA in Singapore.This was the second time that FET had exhibited at this leading international trade fair for the medical technology supplier sector,a reflection of the company’s growing role in this sector.More than half of FET’s turnover is currently derived from the burgeoning medical market.COMPAMED is aimed at suppliers of a wide range of high-quality medical technology components,services and production equipment for the medical industry.FET’s expanding role in the medical sector is therefore an ideal fit for this trade show.
文摘引言深圳,这座以创新为基因、以制造为根基的城市,聚集了超4000家机器人核心企业,形成了覆盖核心零部件、系统集成、场景应用的完整产业链条,成为我国机器人产业的创新高地与出海枢纽。机器人全产业链接会FAIR plus 2026开幕前夕,中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院产业发展中心主任、深圳市机器人协会常务副理事长兼秘书长毕亚雷接受《机器人产业》杂志专访,分享产业最新洞察与前沿思考,为推动产业发展提供路径参考。
基金Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2026R77)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia,the Deanship of Scientific Research at Northern Border University,Arar,Saudi Arabia,through the project number NBU-FFR-2026-2248-01.
文摘Globally,diabetes and glaucoma account for a high number of people suffering from severe vision loss and blindness.To treat these vision disorders effectively,proper diagnosis must occur in a timely manner,and with conventional methods such as fundus photography,optical coherence tomography(OCT),and slit-lamp imaging,much depends on an expert’s interpretation of the images,making the systems very labor-intensive to operate.Moreover,clinical settings face difficulties with inter-observer variability and limited scalability with these diagnostic devices.To solve these problems,we have developed the Efficient Channel-Spatial Attention Network(ECSA-Net),a new deep learning-based methodology that integrates lightweight channel-and spatial-attention modules into a convolutional neural network.Ultimately,ECSA-Net improves the efficiency of computational resource use while enhancing discriminative feature extraction from retinal images.The ECSA-Net methodology was validated by conducting a series of classification accuracy tests using two publicly available eye disease datasets and was benchmark against a number of different pretrained convolutional neural network(CNN)architectures.The results showed that the ECSA-Net achieved classification accuracies of 60.00%and 69.92%,respectively,while using only a compact architecture with 0.56 million parameters.This represents a reduction in parameter size by a factor of 14×to 247×compared to other pretrained models.Additionally,the attention modules added to the architecture significantly increased sensitivity to disease-relevant regions of the retina while maintaining low computational cost,making ECSA-Net a viable option for real-time clinical use.ECSA-Net is both efficient and accurate in automating the classification of eye diseases,combining high performance with the ethical considerations of medical artificial intelligence(AI)deployment.The ECSA-Net frameworkmitigates algorithmic bias in training datasets and protects individuals’privacy and transparency in decision-making,thereby facilitating human-AI collaboration.The two areas of technical performance and ethical integration are needed for the responsible and scalable use of ECSA-Net in a variety of ophthalmic care settings.
文摘Ningbo,a port city located on the coast of the East China Sea,has taken the lead in holding the Central and Eastern European Countries'Products Fair since 2014 by virtue of its long tradition of the Maritime Silk Road and its position as a modern logistics hub.
