Background:This study aimed to investigate the effects of oral administration of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB10415(E.faecium)on intestinal development,immunological parameters and gut microbiota of neonatal piglets chal...Background:This study aimed to investigate the effects of oral administration of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB10415(E.faecium)on intestinal development,immunological parameters and gut microbiota of neonatal piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88(ETEC).A total of 961-day-old sow-reared piglets were randomly assigned to 2 groups,with 48 piglets in each group.The piglets were from 16 litters(6 piglets each litter),and 3 piglets each litter were allocated to the E.faecium-supplemented(PRO)group,while the other 3 piglets were allocated to the control(CON)group.After colostrum intake,piglets in the PRO group were orally administrated with 3×10~9 CFU E.faecium per day for a period of one week.On day 8,one piglet per litter from each group was challenged(CON+ETEC,PRO+ETEC)or not(CON-ETEC,PRO-ETEC)with ETEC in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.On day 10(2 days after challenge),blood and tissue samples were obtained from piglets.Results:Before ETEC challenge,there were no significant differences for the average daily gain(ADG)and fecal score between the two groups of piglets.After ETEC challenge,the challenged piglets had greater fecal score compared to the non-challenged piglets,whereas E.faecium administration was able to decrease the fecal score.Piglets challenged with ETEC had shorter villous height,deeper crypt depth,and reduced number of goblet cells in the jejunum and decreased m RNA abundance of claudin-1 in the ileum,whereas increased the percentage of lymphocytes,concentrations of IL-1βin the plasma and TNF-αin the ileal mucosa,as well as increased the m RNA abundances of innate immunity-related genes in the ileum tissue.These deleterious effects caused by ETEC were partly alleviated by feeding E.faecium.In addition,piglets in PRO-ETEC group had decreased the percentage of CD8^+T cells of the peripheral blood when compared to those in CON-ETEC group.Moreover,E.faecium administration increased Verrucomicrobia at phylum level and decreased Bilophila at genus level.Conclusions:These results suggest that oral administration of E.faecium alleviated the intestinal injury and diarrhea severity of neonatal piglets challenged by ETEC,partly through improving the intestinal microbiota and immune response.This offers a potential strategy of dietary intervention against intestinal impairment by ETEC in neonatal piglets.展开更多
Enterococci bacteria are important in environmental, food and clinical microbiology. Enterococcus faecium is a nosocomial pathogen that causes bacteremia, endocarditis and other infections. It is among the most preval...Enterococci bacteria are important in environmental, food and clinical microbiology. Enterococcus faecium is a nosocomial pathogen that causes bacteremia, endocarditis and other infections. It is among the most prevalent organisms encountered in hospital-associated infections accounting for approximately 12% of nosocomial infections in the USA （Linden and Miller, 1999）. However, certain strains of E. faecium are not only non-pathogenic but also have beneficial effects on human health with probiotic potential. For example, E. faecium T-110 is a consortium member in several probiotic products including BIO-THREE~ which is widely prescribed for human, animal and aqua-cultural use. This strain was originally developed by TOA Pharmaceuticals in Japan, and later used in the probiotic products of several other companies.展开更多
Background:Preventing Salmonella infection and colonization in young birds is key to improving poultry gut health and reducing Salmonella contamination of poultry products and decreasing salmonellosis for human consum...Background:Preventing Salmonella infection and colonization in young birds is key to improving poultry gut health and reducing Salmonella contamination of poultry products and decreasing salmonellosis for human consumption(poultry meat and eggs).Probiotics can improve poultry health.The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of a probiotics,Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181(E.faecium NCIMB 11181)on the intestinal mucosal immune responses,microbiome and barrier function in the presence or absence of Salmonella Typhimurium(S.Typh-imurium,ST)infection.Methods:Two hundred and forty 1-day-old Salmonella-free male broiler chickens(Arbor Acres AA+)were randomly allocated to four groups with 6 replicate cages of 10 birds each.The four experimental groups were follows:(1)nega-tive control(NC),(2)S.Typhimurium,challenged positive control(PC),(3)the E.faecium NCIMB 11181-treated group(EF),(4)the E.faecium NCIMB 11181-treated and S.Typhimurium-challenged group(PEF).Results:Results indicated that,although continuous feeding E.faecium NCIMB 11181 did not obviously alleviate growth depression caused by S.Typhimurium challenge(P>0.05),E.faecium NCIMB 11181 addition significantly blocked Salmonella intestinal colonization and translocation(P<0.05).Moreover,supplemental E.faecium NCIMB 11181 to the infected chickens remarkably attenuated gut morphological structure damage and intestinal cell apoptosis induced by S.Typhimurium infection,as evidenced by increasing gut villous height and reducing intes-tinal TUNEL-positive cell numbers(P<0.05).Also,E.faecium NCIMB 11181 administration notably promoting the production of anti-Salmonella antibodies in intestinal mucosa and serum of the infected birds(P<0.05).Addition-ally,16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that E.faecium NCIMB 11181 supplementation ameliorated S.Typhimu-rium infection-induced gut microbial dysbiosis by enriching Lachnospiracease and Alistipes levels,and suppressing Barnesiella abundance.Predicted function analysis indicated that the functional genes of cecal microbiome involved in C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism;valine,leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis;glycerolipid metabolism and lysine biosynthesis were enriched in the infected chickens given E.faecium NCIMB 11181.While alanine,asparate and glutamate metabolism;MAPK signal pathway-yeast;ubiquine and other terpenoid-quinore biosynthesis,protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum;as well as glutathione metabolism were suppressed by E.faecium NCIMB 11181 addition.Conclusion:Collectively,our data suggested that dietary E.faecium NCIBM 11181 supplementation could ameliorate S.Typhimurium infection-induced gut injury in broiler chickens.Our findings also suggest that E.faecium NCIMB 11181 may serve as an effective non-antibiotic feed additive for improving gut health and controlling Salmonella infection in broiler chickens.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis),Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)are probiotics that are widely used in the clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Whether the ...BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis),Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)are probiotics that are widely used in the clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Whether the supernatants of these three probiotics can improve gastrointestinal sensation and movement by regulating the serotonin transporter(SERT)expression needs to be clarified.AIM To investigate whether B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis supernatants can upregulate SERT expression in vitro and in vivo.METHODS Caco-2 and HT-29 cells were stimulated with probiotic culture supernatants for 12 and 24 h,respectively.A male Sprague-Dawley rat model of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)was established and the rats were treated with phosphate-buffered saline(group A)and three probiotics culture supernatants(groups B,C,and D)for 4 wk.The levels of SERT were detected by quantitative PCR and western blotting.RESULTS The levels of SERT at post-treatment 12 and 24 h were significantly elevated in Caco-2 cells treated with B.subtilis supernatant compared with those in the control group(aP<0.05).Those levels were markedly upregulated in Caco-2 cells stimulated with E.faecium and E.faecalis supernatants at 24 h(aP<0.05).In addition,SERT expression in groups B,C,and D was significantly higher than that in group A in the 2nd wk(aP<0.05).Increased SERT expression was only found in group D in the 3rd wk(aP<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in SERT expression between the groups in the last week(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The supernatants of B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis can upregulate SERT expression in intestinal epithelial cells and the intestinal tissues in the rat model of PI-IBS.展开更多
In the present study,we isolated the lactic acid bacterium strain SC-01 from Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)intestine.Using conventional and molecular methods,we identified the bacterium as Enterococcus fae...In the present study,we isolated the lactic acid bacterium strain SC-01 from Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)intestine.Using conventional and molecular methods,we identified the bacterium as Enterococcus faecium,and found it had the function of feeding attractant and could inhibit the development of Vibrio parahaemolyticus(zone of inhibition:14 mm).The attractant effect of its fermentation broth is significantly better than that of the chemical attractant trimethylamine oxide(TMAO)(P<0.05),and is equivalent to that of dimethyl-beta-propiothetin(DMPT)based on the feeding behavior of shrimp.High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis suggested that inosine-5’-monophosphate(IMP)may be a component of the attractant.A biosecurity evaluation revealed a negative result in hemolytic assays,and no shrimp mortality was resulted from SC-01 fermentation broth challenge.Feeding trials(60 days)indicated that the SC-01 fermentation broth(viable counts:5.7×109 cfu mL−1)could improve feed intake,weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR),and decrease the count of Vibrio sp.in the intestine of shrimp.展开更多
Objective To identify a new peptide deformylase (PDF) gene (Genebank Accession AY238515) from Enterococcus faecium and to establish a new screening model targeted on PDF. Methods A new PDF gene was identified by BL...Objective To identify a new peptide deformylase (PDF) gene (Genebank Accession AY238515) from Enterococcus faecium and to establish a new screening model targeted on PDF. Methods A new PDF gene was identified by BLAST analysis and PCR and was subsequently over-expressed in the prokaryotic expression host E.coli Bl21(DE3). Over-expressed protein was purified for enzymatic assay by metal affinity chromatography and a new screening model was established for novel antibiotics. Result A new PDF gene of Enterococcus faecium was identified successfully. Ten positive samples were picked up from 8000 compound library and the microbial fermentation broth samples. Conclusion A new PDF of gene Enterococcus faecium was first identified and the model had a high efficacy. Positive samples screened may be antibacterial agents of broad spectrum.展开更多
Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium rank among the leading causes of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infections. They often persist on hospital surfaces due to their ability to withstand adverse env...Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium rank among the leading causes of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infections. They often persist on hospital surfaces due to their ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions (low or high temperatures, high pH, and high salinity). The global Enterococcus faecalis-Enterococcus faecium ratio is currently shifting towards Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci present variable levels of resistance to certain families of antibiotics. This is the case for aminoglycosides, beta-lactams and cephalosporins. In 2017, WHO ranked Enterococci among priority pathogens for research and development of new antibiotics. The objective of our study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from urine and pleural fluid in two hospitals in Cameroon. This cross-sectional and analytic study was carried out between June to August 2023 on hospitalized and day patients in which a cytobacteriological test of urine and pleural fluid was done. The samples were inoculated on CLED Agar for urine and on Chocolate + polyvitex and blood agar (prepared from Columbia agar) for pleural fluid samples and incubated at 37℃ for 18 to 24 hours. Identification of isolates was carried out using the API 20 STREP micro gallery (Biomerieux, France) and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The data on socio-demographical and potential risk factors were recorded using self-administered questionnaires and data from laboratory analyses of the specimen were collected in a data capture sheet. Potential risk factors associated with the presence of Enterococci, were evaluated using the logistic regression in univariate and multivariate analysis. P value < 0.05 was considered as significant. A total of 511 patients were recruited who were predominantly females. Enterococcus spp were isolated in 27.79% of our samples with Enterococcus faecalis mostly encountered. Enterococcus spp showed a high level of resistance to penicilline (99.3% to Ampicilline), macrolides (66.2% to Erythromycin) and cyclines (85.2% to Doxycycline). Hospitalisation, access to health facilities, contact with urine specimen and hand hygiene practices were risk factors related to infection with Enterococcus spp while hospitalisation, health facility and hand hygiene were related to glycopeptide resistant Enterococcus. Strict compliance with hygiene rules and appropriate antibiotic consumption could help in the fight against these infections.展开更多
The production of fermented soymilk encounters technical challenges,including gel instability and unfavorable volatile flavor.Selecting appropriate starter strains may effectively address these issues.The present stud...The production of fermented soymilk encounters technical challenges,including gel instability and unfavorable volatile flavor.Selecting appropriate starter strains may effectively address these issues.The present study was designed to compare the application potential of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus CGMCC 1.60194 and Enterococcus faecium CGMCC 29309,which were selected in our previous study,in preparing fermented soymilk and analyze their coagulation mechanisms.Results showed that the E.faecium-fermented soymilk exhibited superior firmness and viscosity compared to its L.bulgaricus-fermented counterpart.This improvement in textural quality was attributed to a higher D[4,3]value and enhanced intermolecular forces,collectively indicating a more robust gel structure in the E.faecium-fermented soymilk.In terms of volatile flavor properties,the E.faecium strain increased total aroma compound levels by 65.2%and reduced off-odor compound level by 99.3%,superior to those of the L.bulgaricus strain.In terms of nutritional properties,the L.bulgaricus strain reduced total oligosaccharide levels by 30.6%,while the E.faecium strain did not show this effect.Fermentation with the E.faecium strain led to a significant 51.5%increase in free fatty acid levels,while fermentation with the L.bulgaricus strain resulted in a 1.2-fold increase in free amino acid levels.Overall,the E.faecium strain demonstrated better capabilities in producing high-quality fermented soymilk,offering improved gel properties,volatile flavor profiles,and higher levels of free fatty acids compared to the L.bulgaricus strain.This research offers technical support for selecting appropriate lactic acid bacteria starters in premium fermented soymilk production.展开更多
Enterococci are an important member of lactic acid bacteria due to their presence in fermented foods,tolerance to low pH and bile salts,bile salt hydrolase(BSH)activity,reducing cholesterol,and producing bacteriocin.H...Enterococci are an important member of lactic acid bacteria due to their presence in fermented foods,tolerance to low pH and bile salts,bile salt hydrolase(BSH)activity,reducing cholesterol,and producing bacteriocin.However,probiotic and safety issues of enterococci are still debated.It is important to investigate probiotic properties and safety evaluation of these genus because they are intentionally or unintentionally present in foods.In this study,probiotic properties(tolerance to bile salts and simulated gastric juice,antimicrobial and BSH activity,cholesterol lowering potential,auto/co-aggregation,and cell surface hydrophobicity)and safety eval-uation(antibiotic resistance,virulence factor,haemolysis and DNase activity,Galleria mellonella infection model,gelatinase activity,and biofilm formation)of Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium)BH04,BH12,BH84,and BH99 isolated raw cow’s milk were determined.All strains had high tolerance to bile salts(47.70%-103.84%)and simulated gastric juice(76.80%-82.05%),and antimicrobial activity on L.monocytogenes ATCC 7644 by protein-like substances such as bacteriocin.The strains had strong BSH property and reduced cholesterol by 69.47%-95.00%.The strains were resistant only to gentamicin,kanamycin,and streptomycin and did not have hae-molysis and DNase activity.Only gelE and esp genes were detected in some strains.According to the results,it is thought that the E.faecium strains could be possible probiotic candidates.Moreover,this study is the first report on Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from raw cow’s milk,which tolerate to bile salt and simulated gastric juice,have BSH potential and antimicrobial activity by protein-like substances,and reduce cholesterol level.展开更多
Listeria monocytogenes remains a major foodborne pathogen of concern to the food industry due to its persistence in food-processing environments,thereby posing infection risks to vulnerable consumers.Our previous work...Listeria monocytogenes remains a major foodborne pathogen of concern to the food industry due to its persistence in food-processing environments,thereby posing infection risks to vulnerable consumers.Our previous work demonstrated that ornithine carbamoyltransferase(OTC),a surface layer protein from the probiotic Enterococcus faecium WEFA23,contributes to anti-Listeria responses in epithelial(Caco-2)and immune(RAW 264.7)cells.Here,we systematically evaluated the contribution of OTC to the protective effects mediated by E.faecium WEFA23 in vivo using a murine oral L.monocytogenes infection model by comparing the effect of wild-type E.faecium WEFA23 and its OTC-deficient derivative strain.The results showed that OTC is a critical contrib-utor to the protective effects mediated by E.faecium WEFA23 against L.monocytogenes infection,as evidenced by improving the body weight of mice,reducing liver swelling and decreasing the pathogen burden in the mice tissues.Additionally,OTC contributed to E.faecium WEFA23-mediated enhancement of intestinal barrier,attenuation of liver damage,and modulation of cytokine production in the mouse serum.Furthermore,16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that deletion of OTC partially attenuated the ability of E.faecium WEFA23 to alleviate L.monocytogenes-induced gut dysbiosis,as reflected by reducedα-andβ-diversity and altered relative abun-dances of beneficial and potentially harmful bacterial taxa.Untargeted metabolomics analysis further showed that OTC deletion predominantly affected lipid-related pathways,including linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,steroid hormone biosynthesis and primary bile acid biosynthesis.Collectively,these findings identify OTC as a key functional determinant contributing to the protective effects of E.faecium WEFA23 against L.monocytogenes infection,and provide a mechanistic basis for the rational devel-opment of probiotic-based or surface layer protein targeted strategies to enhance host resistance to foodborne pathogens.展开更多
Introduction:Foodborne antibiotic-resistant enterococci pose significant risks to One Health and clinical antimicrobial efficacy through food chain transmission.Following the taxonomic reclassification of Enterococcus...Introduction:Foodborne antibiotic-resistant enterococci pose significant risks to One Health and clinical antimicrobial efficacy through food chain transmission.Following the taxonomic reclassification of Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),comprehensive long-term surveillance data on antibiotic resistance(ABR)patterns and genomic characteristics of E.faecium and Enterococcus lactis(E.lactis)across food animals,environmental sources,and human populations remain limited.Methods:A total of 2,233 samples were collected from multiple nodes along the food chain across 5 Chinese provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)during 2015–2019 and 2023–2024.E.faecium(87 isolates)and E.lactis(153 isolates)were identified through whole-genome sequencing and average nucleotide identity analysis.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing,comprehensive genomic content analysis,and pan-genome-wide association studies were performed.Results:E.faecium demonstrated significantly higher resistance rates to 12 antimicrobials compared with E.lactis(P<0.05).Conversely,E.lactis exhibited a higher resistance rate to erythromycin than E.faecium(P<0.01).The multidrug-resistant(MDR)rate of E.faecium(43/87,49.4%)substantially exceeded that of E.lactis(16/153,10.5%)(P<0.001).Genomic analysis revealed that E.faecium harbors significantly more antibiotic resistance genes,mobile genetic elements,and plasmid replicons than E.lactis.No significant interspecies differences were observed in virulence gene profiles associated with adhesion,immune modulation,biofilm formation,and exotoxin production.Conclusions:E.faecium presents substantially greater ABR risks than E.lactis within the Chinese food chain,necessitating enhanced species-specific surveillance programs.Future interventions should prioritize targeted control strategies tailored to each species to effectively mitigate One Health threats.展开更多
基金supported by the Projects of The National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2016YFD0501204)Sichuan provincial project on S&T application and demonstration(grant number2016CC0070)the project on commercialization of research findings under funding of government of Sichuan province(grant number16ZHSF0385).
文摘Background:This study aimed to investigate the effects of oral administration of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB10415(E.faecium)on intestinal development,immunological parameters and gut microbiota of neonatal piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88(ETEC).A total of 961-day-old sow-reared piglets were randomly assigned to 2 groups,with 48 piglets in each group.The piglets were from 16 litters(6 piglets each litter),and 3 piglets each litter were allocated to the E.faecium-supplemented(PRO)group,while the other 3 piglets were allocated to the control(CON)group.After colostrum intake,piglets in the PRO group were orally administrated with 3×10~9 CFU E.faecium per day for a period of one week.On day 8,one piglet per litter from each group was challenged(CON+ETEC,PRO+ETEC)or not(CON-ETEC,PRO-ETEC)with ETEC in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.On day 10(2 days after challenge),blood and tissue samples were obtained from piglets.Results:Before ETEC challenge,there were no significant differences for the average daily gain(ADG)and fecal score between the two groups of piglets.After ETEC challenge,the challenged piglets had greater fecal score compared to the non-challenged piglets,whereas E.faecium administration was able to decrease the fecal score.Piglets challenged with ETEC had shorter villous height,deeper crypt depth,and reduced number of goblet cells in the jejunum and decreased m RNA abundance of claudin-1 in the ileum,whereas increased the percentage of lymphocytes,concentrations of IL-1βin the plasma and TNF-αin the ileal mucosa,as well as increased the m RNA abundances of innate immunity-related genes in the ileum tissue.These deleterious effects caused by ETEC were partly alleviated by feeding E.faecium.In addition,piglets in PRO-ETEC group had decreased the percentage of CD8^+T cells of the peripheral blood when compared to those in CON-ETEC group.Moreover,E.faecium administration increased Verrucomicrobia at phylum level and decreased Bilophila at genus level.Conclusions:These results suggest that oral administration of E.faecium alleviated the intestinal injury and diarrhea severity of neonatal piglets challenged by ETEC,partly through improving the intestinal microbiota and immune response.This offers a potential strategy of dietary intervention against intestinal impairment by ETEC in neonatal piglets.
文摘Enterococci bacteria are important in environmental, food and clinical microbiology. Enterococcus faecium is a nosocomial pathogen that causes bacteremia, endocarditis and other infections. It is among the most prevalent organisms encountered in hospital-associated infections accounting for approximately 12% of nosocomial infections in the USA （Linden and Miller, 1999）. However, certain strains of E. faecium are not only non-pathogenic but also have beneficial effects on human health with probiotic potential. For example, E. faecium T-110 is a consortium member in several probiotic products including BIO-THREE~ which is widely prescribed for human, animal and aqua-cultural use. This strain was originally developed by TOA Pharmaceuticals in Japan, and later used in the probiotic products of several other companies.
基金supported by the grant from Talent Plan of Zaozhuang City(2022),Shandong,China.The company had no role in conducting the research,generating the data,interpreting the results,or writing the manuscript。
文摘Background:Preventing Salmonella infection and colonization in young birds is key to improving poultry gut health and reducing Salmonella contamination of poultry products and decreasing salmonellosis for human consumption(poultry meat and eggs).Probiotics can improve poultry health.The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of a probiotics,Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181(E.faecium NCIMB 11181)on the intestinal mucosal immune responses,microbiome and barrier function in the presence or absence of Salmonella Typhimurium(S.Typh-imurium,ST)infection.Methods:Two hundred and forty 1-day-old Salmonella-free male broiler chickens(Arbor Acres AA+)were randomly allocated to four groups with 6 replicate cages of 10 birds each.The four experimental groups were follows:(1)nega-tive control(NC),(2)S.Typhimurium,challenged positive control(PC),(3)the E.faecium NCIMB 11181-treated group(EF),(4)the E.faecium NCIMB 11181-treated and S.Typhimurium-challenged group(PEF).Results:Results indicated that,although continuous feeding E.faecium NCIMB 11181 did not obviously alleviate growth depression caused by S.Typhimurium challenge(P>0.05),E.faecium NCIMB 11181 addition significantly blocked Salmonella intestinal colonization and translocation(P<0.05).Moreover,supplemental E.faecium NCIMB 11181 to the infected chickens remarkably attenuated gut morphological structure damage and intestinal cell apoptosis induced by S.Typhimurium infection,as evidenced by increasing gut villous height and reducing intes-tinal TUNEL-positive cell numbers(P<0.05).Also,E.faecium NCIMB 11181 administration notably promoting the production of anti-Salmonella antibodies in intestinal mucosa and serum of the infected birds(P<0.05).Addition-ally,16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that E.faecium NCIMB 11181 supplementation ameliorated S.Typhimu-rium infection-induced gut microbial dysbiosis by enriching Lachnospiracease and Alistipes levels,and suppressing Barnesiella abundance.Predicted function analysis indicated that the functional genes of cecal microbiome involved in C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism;valine,leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis;glycerolipid metabolism and lysine biosynthesis were enriched in the infected chickens given E.faecium NCIMB 11181.While alanine,asparate and glutamate metabolism;MAPK signal pathway-yeast;ubiquine and other terpenoid-quinore biosynthesis,protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum;as well as glutathione metabolism were suppressed by E.faecium NCIMB 11181 addition.Conclusion:Collectively,our data suggested that dietary E.faecium NCIBM 11181 supplementation could ameliorate S.Typhimurium infection-induced gut injury in broiler chickens.Our findings also suggest that E.faecium NCIMB 11181 may serve as an effective non-antibiotic feed additive for improving gut health and controlling Salmonella infection in broiler chickens.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81570489and the Youth Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81900487.
文摘BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis),Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)are probiotics that are widely used in the clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Whether the supernatants of these three probiotics can improve gastrointestinal sensation and movement by regulating the serotonin transporter(SERT)expression needs to be clarified.AIM To investigate whether B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis supernatants can upregulate SERT expression in vitro and in vivo.METHODS Caco-2 and HT-29 cells were stimulated with probiotic culture supernatants for 12 and 24 h,respectively.A male Sprague-Dawley rat model of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)was established and the rats were treated with phosphate-buffered saline(group A)and three probiotics culture supernatants(groups B,C,and D)for 4 wk.The levels of SERT were detected by quantitative PCR and western blotting.RESULTS The levels of SERT at post-treatment 12 and 24 h were significantly elevated in Caco-2 cells treated with B.subtilis supernatant compared with those in the control group(aP<0.05).Those levels were markedly upregulated in Caco-2 cells stimulated with E.faecium and E.faecalis supernatants at 24 h(aP<0.05).In addition,SERT expression in groups B,C,and D was significantly higher than that in group A in the 2nd wk(aP<0.05).Increased SERT expression was only found in group D in the 3rd wk(aP<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in SERT expression between the groups in the last week(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The supernatants of B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis can upregulate SERT expression in intestinal epithelial cells and the intestinal tissues in the rat model of PI-IBS.
基金the Special Fund for Qingdao Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Center,China(No.2017-CXZX01-3-13).
文摘In the present study,we isolated the lactic acid bacterium strain SC-01 from Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)intestine.Using conventional and molecular methods,we identified the bacterium as Enterococcus faecium,and found it had the function of feeding attractant and could inhibit the development of Vibrio parahaemolyticus(zone of inhibition:14 mm).The attractant effect of its fermentation broth is significantly better than that of the chemical attractant trimethylamine oxide(TMAO)(P<0.05),and is equivalent to that of dimethyl-beta-propiothetin(DMPT)based on the feeding behavior of shrimp.High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis suggested that inosine-5’-monophosphate(IMP)may be a component of the attractant.A biosecurity evaluation revealed a negative result in hemolytic assays,and no shrimp mortality was resulted from SC-01 fermentation broth challenge.Feeding trials(60 days)indicated that the SC-01 fermentation broth(viable counts:5.7×109 cfu mL−1)could improve feed intake,weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR),and decrease the count of Vibrio sp.in the intestine of shrimp.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 30270042) and Technology Platform of New Drugs Screen from Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2002AA22343D).
文摘Objective To identify a new peptide deformylase (PDF) gene (Genebank Accession AY238515) from Enterococcus faecium and to establish a new screening model targeted on PDF. Methods A new PDF gene was identified by BLAST analysis and PCR and was subsequently over-expressed in the prokaryotic expression host E.coli Bl21(DE3). Over-expressed protein was purified for enzymatic assay by metal affinity chromatography and a new screening model was established for novel antibiotics. Result A new PDF gene of Enterococcus faecium was identified successfully. Ten positive samples were picked up from 8000 compound library and the microbial fermentation broth samples. Conclusion A new PDF of gene Enterococcus faecium was first identified and the model had a high efficacy. Positive samples screened may be antibacterial agents of broad spectrum.
文摘Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium rank among the leading causes of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infections. They often persist on hospital surfaces due to their ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions (low or high temperatures, high pH, and high salinity). The global Enterococcus faecalis-Enterococcus faecium ratio is currently shifting towards Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci present variable levels of resistance to certain families of antibiotics. This is the case for aminoglycosides, beta-lactams and cephalosporins. In 2017, WHO ranked Enterococci among priority pathogens for research and development of new antibiotics. The objective of our study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from urine and pleural fluid in two hospitals in Cameroon. This cross-sectional and analytic study was carried out between June to August 2023 on hospitalized and day patients in which a cytobacteriological test of urine and pleural fluid was done. The samples were inoculated on CLED Agar for urine and on Chocolate + polyvitex and blood agar (prepared from Columbia agar) for pleural fluid samples and incubated at 37℃ for 18 to 24 hours. Identification of isolates was carried out using the API 20 STREP micro gallery (Biomerieux, France) and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The data on socio-demographical and potential risk factors were recorded using self-administered questionnaires and data from laboratory analyses of the specimen were collected in a data capture sheet. Potential risk factors associated with the presence of Enterococci, were evaluated using the logistic regression in univariate and multivariate analysis. P value < 0.05 was considered as significant. A total of 511 patients were recruited who were predominantly females. Enterococcus spp were isolated in 27.79% of our samples with Enterococcus faecalis mostly encountered. Enterococcus spp showed a high level of resistance to penicilline (99.3% to Ampicilline), macrolides (66.2% to Erythromycin) and cyclines (85.2% to Doxycycline). Hospitalisation, access to health facilities, contact with urine specimen and hand hygiene practices were risk factors related to infection with Enterococcus spp while hospitalisation, health facility and hand hygiene were related to glycopeptide resistant Enterococcus. Strict compliance with hygiene rules and appropriate antibiotic consumption could help in the fight against these infections.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(NSFC,Nos.31972057 and 32372306)the Qin-chuangyuan"Scientist+Engineer"Team Development Program of Shaanxi(No.2024QCY-KXJ-084)+2 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023-YBNY-191 and 2024NC-YBXM-150)the Agricultural Technology Research and Development Project of Xi’an(No.2024JH-NYYB-0134)the Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Funds Project(2024FDR05071).
文摘The production of fermented soymilk encounters technical challenges,including gel instability and unfavorable volatile flavor.Selecting appropriate starter strains may effectively address these issues.The present study was designed to compare the application potential of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus CGMCC 1.60194 and Enterococcus faecium CGMCC 29309,which were selected in our previous study,in preparing fermented soymilk and analyze their coagulation mechanisms.Results showed that the E.faecium-fermented soymilk exhibited superior firmness and viscosity compared to its L.bulgaricus-fermented counterpart.This improvement in textural quality was attributed to a higher D[4,3]value and enhanced intermolecular forces,collectively indicating a more robust gel structure in the E.faecium-fermented soymilk.In terms of volatile flavor properties,the E.faecium strain increased total aroma compound levels by 65.2%and reduced off-odor compound level by 99.3%,superior to those of the L.bulgaricus strain.In terms of nutritional properties,the L.bulgaricus strain reduced total oligosaccharide levels by 30.6%,while the E.faecium strain did not show this effect.Fermentation with the E.faecium strain led to a significant 51.5%increase in free fatty acid levels,while fermentation with the L.bulgaricus strain resulted in a 1.2-fold increase in free amino acid levels.Overall,the E.faecium strain demonstrated better capabilities in producing high-quality fermented soymilk,offering improved gel properties,volatile flavor profiles,and higher levels of free fatty acids compared to the L.bulgaricus strain.This research offers technical support for selecting appropriate lactic acid bacteria starters in premium fermented soymilk production.
文摘Enterococci are an important member of lactic acid bacteria due to their presence in fermented foods,tolerance to low pH and bile salts,bile salt hydrolase(BSH)activity,reducing cholesterol,and producing bacteriocin.However,probiotic and safety issues of enterococci are still debated.It is important to investigate probiotic properties and safety evaluation of these genus because they are intentionally or unintentionally present in foods.In this study,probiotic properties(tolerance to bile salts and simulated gastric juice,antimicrobial and BSH activity,cholesterol lowering potential,auto/co-aggregation,and cell surface hydrophobicity)and safety eval-uation(antibiotic resistance,virulence factor,haemolysis and DNase activity,Galleria mellonella infection model,gelatinase activity,and biofilm formation)of Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium)BH04,BH12,BH84,and BH99 isolated raw cow’s milk were determined.All strains had high tolerance to bile salts(47.70%-103.84%)and simulated gastric juice(76.80%-82.05%),and antimicrobial activity on L.monocytogenes ATCC 7644 by protein-like substances such as bacteriocin.The strains had strong BSH property and reduced cholesterol by 69.47%-95.00%.The strains were resistant only to gentamicin,kanamycin,and streptomycin and did not have hae-molysis and DNase activity.Only gelE and esp genes were detected in some strains.According to the results,it is thought that the E.faecium strains could be possible probiotic candidates.Moreover,this study is the first report on Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from raw cow’s milk,which tolerate to bile salt and simulated gastric juice,have BSH potential and antimicrobial activity by protein-like substances,and reduce cholesterol level.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.82360114)Jiangxi Provincial Nat-ural Science Foundation(grant no.20232ACB205004).
文摘Listeria monocytogenes remains a major foodborne pathogen of concern to the food industry due to its persistence in food-processing environments,thereby posing infection risks to vulnerable consumers.Our previous work demonstrated that ornithine carbamoyltransferase(OTC),a surface layer protein from the probiotic Enterococcus faecium WEFA23,contributes to anti-Listeria responses in epithelial(Caco-2)and immune(RAW 264.7)cells.Here,we systematically evaluated the contribution of OTC to the protective effects mediated by E.faecium WEFA23 in vivo using a murine oral L.monocytogenes infection model by comparing the effect of wild-type E.faecium WEFA23 and its OTC-deficient derivative strain.The results showed that OTC is a critical contrib-utor to the protective effects mediated by E.faecium WEFA23 against L.monocytogenes infection,as evidenced by improving the body weight of mice,reducing liver swelling and decreasing the pathogen burden in the mice tissues.Additionally,OTC contributed to E.faecium WEFA23-mediated enhancement of intestinal barrier,attenuation of liver damage,and modulation of cytokine production in the mouse serum.Furthermore,16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that deletion of OTC partially attenuated the ability of E.faecium WEFA23 to alleviate L.monocytogenes-induced gut dysbiosis,as reflected by reducedα-andβ-diversity and altered relative abun-dances of beneficial and potentially harmful bacterial taxa.Untargeted metabolomics analysis further showed that OTC deletion predominantly affected lipid-related pathways,including linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,steroid hormone biosynthesis and primary bile acid biosynthesis.Collectively,these findings identify OTC as a key functional determinant contributing to the protective effects of E.faecium WEFA23 against L.monocytogenes infection,and provide a mechanistic basis for the rational devel-opment of probiotic-based or surface layer protein targeted strategies to enhance host resistance to foodborne pathogens.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172314)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1801004).
文摘Introduction:Foodborne antibiotic-resistant enterococci pose significant risks to One Health and clinical antimicrobial efficacy through food chain transmission.Following the taxonomic reclassification of Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),comprehensive long-term surveillance data on antibiotic resistance(ABR)patterns and genomic characteristics of E.faecium and Enterococcus lactis(E.lactis)across food animals,environmental sources,and human populations remain limited.Methods:A total of 2,233 samples were collected from multiple nodes along the food chain across 5 Chinese provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)during 2015–2019 and 2023–2024.E.faecium(87 isolates)and E.lactis(153 isolates)were identified through whole-genome sequencing and average nucleotide identity analysis.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing,comprehensive genomic content analysis,and pan-genome-wide association studies were performed.Results:E.faecium demonstrated significantly higher resistance rates to 12 antimicrobials compared with E.lactis(P<0.05).Conversely,E.lactis exhibited a higher resistance rate to erythromycin than E.faecium(P<0.01).The multidrug-resistant(MDR)rate of E.faecium(43/87,49.4%)substantially exceeded that of E.lactis(16/153,10.5%)(P<0.001).Genomic analysis revealed that E.faecium harbors significantly more antibiotic resistance genes,mobile genetic elements,and plasmid replicons than E.lactis.No significant interspecies differences were observed in virulence gene profiles associated with adhesion,immune modulation,biofilm formation,and exotoxin production.Conclusions:E.faecium presents substantially greater ABR risks than E.lactis within the Chinese food chain,necessitating enhanced species-specific surveillance programs.Future interventions should prioritize targeted control strategies tailored to each species to effectively mitigate One Health threats.
