To clarify the importance of various influencing factors on asphalt pavement rutting deformation and determine a screening method of model indicators,the data of the RIOHTrack full-scale track were examined using the ...To clarify the importance of various influencing factors on asphalt pavement rutting deformation and determine a screening method of model indicators,the data of the RIOHTrack full-scale track were examined using the factor analysis method(FAM).Taking the standard test pavement structure of RIOHTrack as an example,four rutting influencing factors from different aspects were determined through statistical analysis.Furthermore,the common influencing factors among the rutting influencing factors were studied based on FAM.Results show that the common factor can well characterize accumulative ESALs,center-point deflection,and temperature,besides humidity,which indicates that these three influencing factors can have an important impact on rutting.Moreover,an empirical rutting prediction model was established based on the selected influencing factors,which proved to exhibit high prediction accuracy.These analysis results demonstrate that the FAM is an effective screening method for rutting prediction model indicators,which provides a reference for the selection of independent model indicators in other rutting prediction model research when used in other areas and is of great significance for the prediction and control of rutting distress.展开更多
Taking a total of 13 areas in Heilongjiang commodity grain base as the research objects,9 indices are selected,which are regional GDP(X1),per capita GDP(X2),total value of tertiary industry(X3),financial revenue(X4),u...Taking a total of 13 areas in Heilongjiang commodity grain base as the research objects,9 indices are selected,which are regional GDP(X1),per capita GDP(X2),total value of tertiary industry(X3),financial revenue(X4),urban fixed assets investment(X5),average salary(X6),gross industrial output value(X7),total output value of farming,forestry,husbandry and fishing(X8),and retail sales of social consumer goods(X9).Based on this,evaluation index system of regional economy is established.According to the 2006-2008 Heilongjiang Statistical Yearbook,average values within 3 years are used as analytical data.Factor Analysis Method is adopted to establish regression model and to carry out comprehensive analysis.Result shows that Heilongjiang commodity grain base has extremely uneven regional economic development in different areas.According to the score order and actual situation,the 13 areas are divided into 4 types.The first and second types are Harbin and Daqing,respectively.The third type is Qiqihaer,Suihua,Mudanjiang and Jiamusi.And the forth type is Jixi,Shuangyashan,Heihe,Yichun,Qitaihe,Hegang and Daxinganling.Suggestions for the development of these areas are put forward.展开更多
In order to identify the day and night pollution sources of PM10 in ambient air in Longyan City,the authors analyzed the elemental composition of respirable particulate matters in the day and night ambient air samples...In order to identify the day and night pollution sources of PM10 in ambient air in Longyan City,the authors analyzed the elemental composition of respirable particulate matters in the day and night ambient air samples and various pollution sources which were collected in January 2010 in Longyan with inductivity coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）.Then chemical mass balance（CMB） model and factor analysis（FA） method were applied to comparatively study the inorganic components in the sources and receptor samples.The results of factor analysis show that the major sources were road dust,waste incineration and mixed sources which contained automobile exhaust,soil dust/secondary dust and coal dust during the daytime in Longyan City,China.There are two major sources of pollution which are soil dust and mixture sources of automobile exhaust and secondary dust during the night in Longyan.The results of CMB show that the major sources are secondary dust,automobile exhaust and road dust during the daytime in Longyan.The major sources are secondary dust,soil dust and automobile exhaust during the night in Longyan.The results of the two methods are similar to each other and the results will guide us to plan to control the PM10 pollution sources in Longyan.展开更多
A total of 10 indices of regional economic development in Guangxi are selected.According to the relevant economic data,regional economic development in Guangxi is analyzed by using System Clustering Method and Princip...A total of 10 indices of regional economic development in Guangxi are selected.According to the relevant economic data,regional economic development in Guangxi is analyzed by using System Clustering Method and Principal Component Analysis Method.Result shows that System Clustering Method and Principal Component Analysis Method have revealed similar results analysis of economic development level.Overall economic strength of Guangxi is weak and Nanning has relatively high scores of factors due to its advantage of the political,economic and cultural center.Comprehensive scores of other regions are all lower than 1,which has big gap with the development of Nanning.Overall development strategy points out that Guangxi should accelerate the construction of the Ring Northern Bay Economic Zone,create a strong logistics system having strategic significance to national development,use the unique location advantage and rely on the modern transportation system to establish a logistics center and business center connecting the hinterland and the Asean Market.Based on the problems of unbalanced regional economic development in Guangxi,we should speed up the development of service industry in Nanning,construct the circular economy system of industrial city,and accelerate the industrialization process of tourism city in order to realize balanced development of regional economy in Guangxi,China.展开更多
Based on the introduction of factors affecting the income level of farmers in China,a total of 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipality cities are taken as samples to select 13 factors affecting the income lev...Based on the introduction of factors affecting the income level of farmers in China,a total of 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipality cities are taken as samples to select 13 factors affecting the income level of farmers,which are arable land area(X1),disaster area(X2),effective irrigation area(X3),fertilizer application(X4),mobile phone(X5),personal computer(X6),people joining in the new rural cooperative medical care(X7),rural investment(X8),household-use machine(X9),agricultural product price(X10),proportion of labor force with above junior high school education(X11),rural delivery route(X12),and rural electricity consumption(X13).At the same time,factor analysis method is used to analyze the factors affecting the income level of farmers.Result shows that common factors affecting the income of farmers are the agricultural production factor F1,the expanded reproduction factor F2,the information use factor F3,and the output reduction factor F4.At present,education degree of farmers and ability of farmers in grasping information have relatively great impact on the income of farmers,and can effectively promote the income growth of farmers.Scores of F1 in Henan,Shandong and Hebei are generally higher;Jiangsu,Guangdong,Zhejiang and Shandong Provinces have relatively high scores of F2;Shanghai,Beijing and Guangdong have relatively high scores of F3;and Hunan,Hubei and Xinjiang have relatively high scores of F4.Finally,countermeasures are put forward to improve the income of farmers based on empirical study.展开更多
Taking Lingtong Grand Canyon in Jingxi County,Baise City,Guangxi,China as a research object,the face-to-face questionnaire survey on tourist is carried out,in order to obtain the basic situation of the interviewees,as...Taking Lingtong Grand Canyon in Jingxi County,Baise City,Guangxi,China as a research object,the face-to-face questionnaire survey on tourist is carried out,in order to obtain the basic situation of the interviewees,as well as their expectation for the eco-tourism experience.Factor analysis method is adopted to test the interviewees′expectation of the eco-tourism experience.Result shows that eco-tourism experience of tourist is mainly reflected in the ecological leisure experience,the ecological tourism experience,the ecological experience in scenic spot,and the self-realization experience.Analysis on the recognition of the expectation for eco-tourism experience shows that the interviewees′expectations of the eco-tourism experience are in the order of the ecological experience in scenic spot,the eco-tourism experience,the ecological leisure experience,and the self-realization experience.Difference analysis on the interviewees′expectations for the eco-tourism experience is carried out by market segmentation.Result shows that there are significant differences in the demand of eco-tourism experience among different types of tourisms.According to the investigation result,countermeasures for the construction and marketing of eco-tourism sites are put forward.展开更多
For a city,analyzing its advantages,disadvantages and the level of economic development in a country is important,especially for the cities in China developing at flying speed.The corresponding literatures for the cit...For a city,analyzing its advantages,disadvantages and the level of economic development in a country is important,especially for the cities in China developing at flying speed.The corresponding literatures for the cities in China have not considered the indicators of economy and industry in detail.In this paper,based on multiple indicators of economy and industry,the urban hierarchical structure of 285 cities above the prefecture level in China is investigated.The indicators from the economy,industry,infrastructure,medical care,population,education,culture,and employment levels are selected to establish a new indicator system for analyzing urban hierarchical structure.The factor analysis method is used to investigate the relationship between the variables of selected indicators and obtain the score of each common factor and comprehensive scores and rankings for 285 cities above the prefecture level in China.According to the comprehensive scores,285 cities above the prefecture level are clustered into 15 levels by using K-means clustering algorithm.Then,the hierarchical structure system of the cities above the prefecture level in China is obtained and corresponding policy implications are proposed.The results and implications can not only be applied to the urban planning and development in China but also offer a reference on other developing countries.The methodologies used in this paper can also be applied to study the urban hierarchical structure in other countries.展开更多
Based on 31 fabric property parameters tested by FAST test system and other test instruments, the principal factors of fabric style are obtained through the principal factor analysis method and computer program. Accor...Based on 31 fabric property parameters tested by FAST test system and other test instruments, the principal factors of fabric style are obtained through the principal factor analysis method and computer program. According to the correlation between each parameter and principal factor, the selected positive or negative coefficient, the objective evaluation model of fabric style has been established based on the percentage of variance. And wool fabrics have been taken for example to show how to use the objective evaluation model for fabric design.展开更多
On the basis of expounding the status quo of China's orange drought warning model research,according to the real-time monitoring data of Beibei Orangery in Chongqing City from June to August in 2010,by using facto...On the basis of expounding the status quo of China's orange drought warning model research,according to the real-time monitoring data of Beibei Orangery in Chongqing City from June to August in 2010,by using factor analysis and principal component regression,we construct the drought warning model of Beibei Orangery in Chongqing City,and we conduct test and correction on drought warning model by using MAPE principle of assessment and prediction accuracy and the real-time monitoring data of September.The results show that as for the prediction of orange drought,the model has strong credibility.If we conduct continuous dynamic monitoring on the relevant indices regarding orange drought by virtue of this model,and pay attention to the analysis of variation trend of prediction value,then it will be more practical;the warning effect,to some extent,further indicates that using factor analysis and principal component analysis method to conduct drought warning is rational;as the prediction model is static and linear,so we should perfect model to promote the accuracy and practicality of model.展开更多
Based on relevant theories about competitiveness,we establish a set of theoretical evaluation indicator system of township competitiveness,in accordance with the township characteristics.We rank 41 towns in Zhenjiang ...Based on relevant theories about competitiveness,we establish a set of theoretical evaluation indicator system of township competitiveness,in accordance with the township characteristics.We rank 41 towns in Zhenjiang City in terms of comprehensive competitiveness,using factor analysis method and entropy method.Compared with other towns across the country,we find that the township development in all districts(cities)is highly uneven;the township development within urban district of Zhenjiang City is not so rosy;the township features are not prominent;the number and scale of the township enterprises is not enough;individually-run enterprises never get anywhere.Then,the corresponding countermeasures are put forth for the development of agriculture-based towns and industry-based towns:for agricultural town,it should accelerate the development of modern high-efficiency agriculture,develop characteristic agriculture,and promote quality of agricultural products;for industrial town,it can make full use of the advantages in transport and geographical location,consciously draw on the driving role of urban economy,take actions that suit local circumstances to develop characteristic economy,vigorously develop the private economy and export-oriented economy to enrich people,and strengthen the government service function to create efficient government.展开更多
Reinforced concrete(RC) load bearing wall is widely used in high-rise and mid-rise buildings. Due to the number of walls in plan and reduction in lateral force portion, this system is not only stronger against earthqu...Reinforced concrete(RC) load bearing wall is widely used in high-rise and mid-rise buildings. Due to the number of walls in plan and reduction in lateral force portion, this system is not only stronger against earthquakes, but also more economical. The effect of progressive collapse caused by removal of load bearing elements, in various positions in plan and stories of the RC load bearing wall system was evaluated by nonlinear dynamic and static analyses. For this purpose, three-dimensional model of 10-story structure was selected. The analysis results indicated stability, strength and stiffness of the RC load-bearing wall system against progressive collapse. It was observed that the most critical condition for removal of load bearing walls was the instantaneous removal of the surrounding walls located at the corners of the building where the sections of the load bearing elements were changed. In this case, the maximum vertical displacement was limited to 6.3 mm and the structure failed after applying the load of 10 times the axial load bored by removed elements. Comparison between the results of the nonlinear dynamic and static analyses demonstrated that the "load factor" parameter was a reasonable criterion to evaluate the progressive collapse potential of the structure.展开更多
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB1600300,2018YFB1600304,2018YFB1600305)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX21_0133)the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Southeast University.
文摘To clarify the importance of various influencing factors on asphalt pavement rutting deformation and determine a screening method of model indicators,the data of the RIOHTrack full-scale track were examined using the factor analysis method(FAM).Taking the standard test pavement structure of RIOHTrack as an example,four rutting influencing factors from different aspects were determined through statistical analysis.Furthermore,the common influencing factors among the rutting influencing factors were studied based on FAM.Results show that the common factor can well characterize accumulative ESALs,center-point deflection,and temperature,besides humidity,which indicates that these three influencing factors can have an important impact on rutting.Moreover,an empirical rutting prediction model was established based on the selected influencing factors,which proved to exhibit high prediction accuracy.These analysis results demonstrate that the FAM is an effective screening method for rutting prediction model indicators,which provides a reference for the selection of independent model indicators in other rutting prediction model research when used in other areas and is of great significance for the prediction and control of rutting distress.
基金Supported by the Research Fund of Heilongjiang Science & Technology Department(GB08D101-2)
文摘Taking a total of 13 areas in Heilongjiang commodity grain base as the research objects,9 indices are selected,which are regional GDP(X1),per capita GDP(X2),total value of tertiary industry(X3),financial revenue(X4),urban fixed assets investment(X5),average salary(X6),gross industrial output value(X7),total output value of farming,forestry,husbandry and fishing(X8),and retail sales of social consumer goods(X9).Based on this,evaluation index system of regional economy is established.According to the 2006-2008 Heilongjiang Statistical Yearbook,average values within 3 years are used as analytical data.Factor Analysis Method is adopted to establish regression model and to carry out comprehensive analysis.Result shows that Heilongjiang commodity grain base has extremely uneven regional economic development in different areas.According to the score order and actual situation,the 13 areas are divided into 4 types.The first and second types are Harbin and Daqing,respectively.The third type is Qiqihaer,Suihua,Mudanjiang and Jiamusi.And the forth type is Jixi,Shuangyashan,Heihe,Yichun,Qitaihe,Hegang and Daxinganling.Suggestions for the development of these areas are put forward.
基金Supported by the Natural Basic Research Program of China(No.2005CB422207)the Fund of Eco-enviromental Impacts and Protection in Devoloping and Utilizing of Oil-shale Resources(No.OSR-01-06)
文摘In order to identify the day and night pollution sources of PM10 in ambient air in Longyan City,the authors analyzed the elemental composition of respirable particulate matters in the day and night ambient air samples and various pollution sources which were collected in January 2010 in Longyan with inductivity coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）.Then chemical mass balance（CMB） model and factor analysis（FA） method were applied to comparatively study the inorganic components in the sources and receptor samples.The results of factor analysis show that the major sources were road dust,waste incineration and mixed sources which contained automobile exhaust,soil dust/secondary dust and coal dust during the daytime in Longyan City,China.There are two major sources of pollution which are soil dust and mixture sources of automobile exhaust and secondary dust during the night in Longyan.The results of CMB show that the major sources are secondary dust,automobile exhaust and road dust during the daytime in Longyan.The major sources are secondary dust,soil dust and automobile exhaust during the night in Longyan.The results of the two methods are similar to each other and the results will guide us to plan to control the PM10 pollution sources in Longyan.
文摘A total of 10 indices of regional economic development in Guangxi are selected.According to the relevant economic data,regional economic development in Guangxi is analyzed by using System Clustering Method and Principal Component Analysis Method.Result shows that System Clustering Method and Principal Component Analysis Method have revealed similar results analysis of economic development level.Overall economic strength of Guangxi is weak and Nanning has relatively high scores of factors due to its advantage of the political,economic and cultural center.Comprehensive scores of other regions are all lower than 1,which has big gap with the development of Nanning.Overall development strategy points out that Guangxi should accelerate the construction of the Ring Northern Bay Economic Zone,create a strong logistics system having strategic significance to national development,use the unique location advantage and rely on the modern transportation system to establish a logistics center and business center connecting the hinterland and the Asean Market.Based on the problems of unbalanced regional economic development in Guangxi,we should speed up the development of service industry in Nanning,construct the circular economy system of industrial city,and accelerate the industrialization process of tourism city in order to realize balanced development of regional economy in Guangxi,China.
文摘Based on the introduction of factors affecting the income level of farmers in China,a total of 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipality cities are taken as samples to select 13 factors affecting the income level of farmers,which are arable land area(X1),disaster area(X2),effective irrigation area(X3),fertilizer application(X4),mobile phone(X5),personal computer(X6),people joining in the new rural cooperative medical care(X7),rural investment(X8),household-use machine(X9),agricultural product price(X10),proportion of labor force with above junior high school education(X11),rural delivery route(X12),and rural electricity consumption(X13).At the same time,factor analysis method is used to analyze the factors affecting the income level of farmers.Result shows that common factors affecting the income of farmers are the agricultural production factor F1,the expanded reproduction factor F2,the information use factor F3,and the output reduction factor F4.At present,education degree of farmers and ability of farmers in grasping information have relatively great impact on the income of farmers,and can effectively promote the income growth of farmers.Scores of F1 in Henan,Shandong and Hebei are generally higher;Jiangsu,Guangdong,Zhejiang and Shandong Provinces have relatively high scores of F2;Shanghai,Beijing and Guangdong have relatively high scores of F3;and Hunan,Hubei and Xinjiang have relatively high scores of F4.Finally,countermeasures are put forward to improve the income of farmers based on empirical study.
基金Supported by the Guangxi Science Foundation(0832048)
文摘Taking Lingtong Grand Canyon in Jingxi County,Baise City,Guangxi,China as a research object,the face-to-face questionnaire survey on tourist is carried out,in order to obtain the basic situation of the interviewees,as well as their expectation for the eco-tourism experience.Factor analysis method is adopted to test the interviewees′expectation of the eco-tourism experience.Result shows that eco-tourism experience of tourist is mainly reflected in the ecological leisure experience,the ecological tourism experience,the ecological experience in scenic spot,and the self-realization experience.Analysis on the recognition of the expectation for eco-tourism experience shows that the interviewees′expectations of the eco-tourism experience are in the order of the ecological experience in scenic spot,the eco-tourism experience,the ecological leisure experience,and the self-realization experience.Difference analysis on the interviewees′expectations for the eco-tourism experience is carried out by market segmentation.Result shows that there are significant differences in the demand of eco-tourism experience among different types of tourisms.According to the investigation result,countermeasures for the construction and marketing of eco-tourism sites are put forward.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC0704903).
文摘For a city,analyzing its advantages,disadvantages and the level of economic development in a country is important,especially for the cities in China developing at flying speed.The corresponding literatures for the cities in China have not considered the indicators of economy and industry in detail.In this paper,based on multiple indicators of economy and industry,the urban hierarchical structure of 285 cities above the prefecture level in China is investigated.The indicators from the economy,industry,infrastructure,medical care,population,education,culture,and employment levels are selected to establish a new indicator system for analyzing urban hierarchical structure.The factor analysis method is used to investigate the relationship between the variables of selected indicators and obtain the score of each common factor and comprehensive scores and rankings for 285 cities above the prefecture level in China.According to the comprehensive scores,285 cities above the prefecture level are clustered into 15 levels by using K-means clustering algorithm.Then,the hierarchical structure system of the cities above the prefecture level in China is obtained and corresponding policy implications are proposed.The results and implications can not only be applied to the urban planning and development in China but also offer a reference on other developing countries.The methodologies used in this paper can also be applied to study the urban hierarchical structure in other countries.
文摘Based on 31 fabric property parameters tested by FAST test system and other test instruments, the principal factors of fabric style are obtained through the principal factor analysis method and computer program. According to the correlation between each parameter and principal factor, the selected positive or negative coefficient, the objective evaluation model of fabric style has been established based on the percentage of variance. And wool fabrics have been taken for example to show how to use the objective evaluation model for fabric design.
文摘On the basis of expounding the status quo of China's orange drought warning model research,according to the real-time monitoring data of Beibei Orangery in Chongqing City from June to August in 2010,by using factor analysis and principal component regression,we construct the drought warning model of Beibei Orangery in Chongqing City,and we conduct test and correction on drought warning model by using MAPE principle of assessment and prediction accuracy and the real-time monitoring data of September.The results show that as for the prediction of orange drought,the model has strong credibility.If we conduct continuous dynamic monitoring on the relevant indices regarding orange drought by virtue of this model,and pay attention to the analysis of variation trend of prediction value,then it will be more practical;the warning effect,to some extent,further indicates that using factor analysis and principal component analysis method to conduct drought warning is rational;as the prediction model is static and linear,so we should perfect model to promote the accuracy and practicality of model.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation Project(70773051,70731002)Key Humanities and Social Sciences Construction Project of Jiangsu University+2 种基金Technology Innovation Team Project of Jiangsu UniversityGraduate Students Research Innovation Project of Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsu Philosophy and Societal Science Research Project(2012SJB630010)
文摘Based on relevant theories about competitiveness,we establish a set of theoretical evaluation indicator system of township competitiveness,in accordance with the township characteristics.We rank 41 towns in Zhenjiang City in terms of comprehensive competitiveness,using factor analysis method and entropy method.Compared with other towns across the country,we find that the township development in all districts(cities)is highly uneven;the township development within urban district of Zhenjiang City is not so rosy;the township features are not prominent;the number and scale of the township enterprises is not enough;individually-run enterprises never get anywhere.Then,the corresponding countermeasures are put forth for the development of agriculture-based towns and industry-based towns:for agricultural town,it should accelerate the development of modern high-efficiency agriculture,develop characteristic agriculture,and promote quality of agricultural products;for industrial town,it can make full use of the advantages in transport and geographical location,consciously draw on the driving role of urban economy,take actions that suit local circumstances to develop characteristic economy,vigorously develop the private economy and export-oriented economy to enrich people,and strengthen the government service function to create efficient government.
文摘Reinforced concrete(RC) load bearing wall is widely used in high-rise and mid-rise buildings. Due to the number of walls in plan and reduction in lateral force portion, this system is not only stronger against earthquakes, but also more economical. The effect of progressive collapse caused by removal of load bearing elements, in various positions in plan and stories of the RC load bearing wall system was evaluated by nonlinear dynamic and static analyses. For this purpose, three-dimensional model of 10-story structure was selected. The analysis results indicated stability, strength and stiffness of the RC load-bearing wall system against progressive collapse. It was observed that the most critical condition for removal of load bearing walls was the instantaneous removal of the surrounding walls located at the corners of the building where the sections of the load bearing elements were changed. In this case, the maximum vertical displacement was limited to 6.3 mm and the structure failed after applying the load of 10 times the axial load bored by removed elements. Comparison between the results of the nonlinear dynamic and static analyses demonstrated that the "load factor" parameter was a reasonable criterion to evaluate the progressive collapse potential of the structure.
