豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall和广双瘤蚜茧蜂Binodoxys communis Gahan是大豆田大豆蚜的重要寄生蜂。2009—2010年,采取棋盘式采样和随机抽样调查相结合的方法,在辽宁岫岩对大豆田内的豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂和广双瘤蚜茧蜂的发生动...豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall和广双瘤蚜茧蜂Binodoxys communis Gahan是大豆田大豆蚜的重要寄生蜂。2009—2010年,采取棋盘式采样和随机抽样调查相结合的方法,在辽宁岫岩对大豆田内的豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂和广双瘤蚜茧蜂的发生动态进行了研究。结果显示,2009年,豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂6月20号前后在田间开始少量发生,7月上旬数量急速上升,中旬达到最高值,然后开始下降;8月中旬出现第2个高峰,数量上明显小于第1个高峰期,但2010年只有1个高峰,第2个高峰不明显;广双瘤蚜茧蜂6月底开始出现并不断上升,到7月上、中旬达到一定量后持续到8月底。总体来说,豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂发生的时间比广双瘤蚜茧蜂早,且数量也较多。同时在大田按照不同的处理,对豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂进行大田罩笼繁殖研究,当豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂与适龄蚜虫数量比值为1:100的情况下产生的僵蚜数量最多。为大田有效利用蚜茧蜂控制大豆蚜提供了必要的基础资料。展开更多
Reducing aerobic spoilage and rumen greenhouse gas emissions from anaerobically fermented feeds remains critical challenges in energy saving and environmental protection of animal husbandry.This study investigated the...Reducing aerobic spoilage and rumen greenhouse gas emissions from anaerobically fermented feeds remains critical challenges in energy saving and environmental protection of animal husbandry.This study investigated the effects of dandelions,both alone and combined with Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri(LAB)on fermentation quality,bacteriome and mycobiome after 180 d of anaerobic and 4 d of aerobic fermentation of whole-plant corn.In vitro dry matter digestion(IVDMD)and gas production from anaerobically fermented whole-plant corn were also assessed.The results demonstrated that dandelions,either alone or combined with LAB,effectively improved fermentation quality by reducing NH_(3)-N concentrations(22.72–25.99%)after anaerobic fermentation,decreasing the proliferation of yeast and molds to enhance the aerobic stability.Notably,the changes in the bacteriome were more pronounced than those in the mycobiome after aerobic exposure.The addition of dandelions or the combination reduced Acetobacter fabarum abundance,a member of the Acetobacter that was spoilage-induced microbe indicated by correlation analysis.Besides,these treatments facilitated competition relations of microbiome which contributed to the enhanced aerobic stability.Furthermore,dandelions reduced CH_(4)and CO_(2)emissions by 14.88 and 13.73%,respectively,and also positively influencing IVDMD by 4.46%.Collectively,dandelion alone or combined with LAB are promising strategies to improve the aerobic stability of anaerobically fermented whole-plant corn,a process linked to the interactions between the bacteriome and mycobiome,and to contribute to clean production by reducing rumen CH_(4)and CO_(2)emissions.展开更多
首次对诺尼果原浆中细菌进行初步分离与鉴定。采用传统微生物学分离培养方法对30℃培养条件下分离得到的诺尼果原浆细菌CICC 10883进行鉴定与培养条件优化。利用基于形态学观察、生理生化特征分析及16S r DNA和rpoB基因序列系统发育分...首次对诺尼果原浆中细菌进行初步分离与鉴定。采用传统微生物学分离培养方法对30℃培养条件下分离得到的诺尼果原浆细菌CICC 10883进行鉴定与培养条件优化。利用基于形态学观察、生理生化特征分析及16S r DNA和rpoB基因序列系统发育分析的微生物分类鉴定技术,菌株CICC 10883被鉴定为可可豆醋杆菌。该菌属首次在诺尼果原浆中分离获得,也是我国首次分离获得的菌种。通过对培养基、pH、培养温度的生物学特性研究,结果最优生长条件为MRS培养基,培养温度30℃,pH 5.5。本研究结果为今后开展针对该菌的生物学功能研究奠定基础。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 30870321)Public Welfare Project from Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China (Grant no. 200803002).
文摘豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall和广双瘤蚜茧蜂Binodoxys communis Gahan是大豆田大豆蚜的重要寄生蜂。2009—2010年,采取棋盘式采样和随机抽样调查相结合的方法,在辽宁岫岩对大豆田内的豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂和广双瘤蚜茧蜂的发生动态进行了研究。结果显示,2009年,豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂6月20号前后在田间开始少量发生,7月上旬数量急速上升,中旬达到最高值,然后开始下降;8月中旬出现第2个高峰,数量上明显小于第1个高峰期,但2010年只有1个高峰,第2个高峰不明显;广双瘤蚜茧蜂6月底开始出现并不断上升,到7月上、中旬达到一定量后持续到8月底。总体来说,豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂发生的时间比广双瘤蚜茧蜂早,且数量也较多。同时在大田按照不同的处理,对豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂进行大田罩笼繁殖研究,当豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂与适龄蚜虫数量比值为1:100的情况下产生的僵蚜数量最多。为大田有效利用蚜茧蜂控制大豆蚜提供了必要的基础资料。
基金supported by the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project,China(242102111014)the Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province,China(23A230003)the Cultivation Program for Young Key Teachers and the Scientific Research Foundation for High-level Talents in Henan University of Technology,China(31401489)。
文摘Reducing aerobic spoilage and rumen greenhouse gas emissions from anaerobically fermented feeds remains critical challenges in energy saving and environmental protection of animal husbandry.This study investigated the effects of dandelions,both alone and combined with Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri(LAB)on fermentation quality,bacteriome and mycobiome after 180 d of anaerobic and 4 d of aerobic fermentation of whole-plant corn.In vitro dry matter digestion(IVDMD)and gas production from anaerobically fermented whole-plant corn were also assessed.The results demonstrated that dandelions,either alone or combined with LAB,effectively improved fermentation quality by reducing NH_(3)-N concentrations(22.72–25.99%)after anaerobic fermentation,decreasing the proliferation of yeast and molds to enhance the aerobic stability.Notably,the changes in the bacteriome were more pronounced than those in the mycobiome after aerobic exposure.The addition of dandelions or the combination reduced Acetobacter fabarum abundance,a member of the Acetobacter that was spoilage-induced microbe indicated by correlation analysis.Besides,these treatments facilitated competition relations of microbiome which contributed to the enhanced aerobic stability.Furthermore,dandelions reduced CH_(4)and CO_(2)emissions by 14.88 and 13.73%,respectively,and also positively influencing IVDMD by 4.46%.Collectively,dandelion alone or combined with LAB are promising strategies to improve the aerobic stability of anaerobically fermented whole-plant corn,a process linked to the interactions between the bacteriome and mycobiome,and to contribute to clean production by reducing rumen CH_(4)and CO_(2)emissions.
